PASS MERIT DISTINCTION

P1Describe the structure and function of the skeleton and how bones grow.

P2Identify the effects of exercise on bones and joints.

M1Identify the movement occurring at synovial joints during 3 different types of physical activity.

M2Explain the effects of exercise on bones and joints

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You have to produce a presentation on the skeletal system which must then be presented at the next board meeting. If successful your work will be included on the DVD when completed.

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Scenario – The Skeletal SystemYou are an apprentice at a publication firm in Manchester and are coming towards the end of your course. You have been working as part of a team on a GCSE Physical Education DVD. One section is in need of completion, ‘The Skeletal System’ and the deadline is fast approaching.

The person in charge has been taken ill and you have been set the task of gathering the information to include on the DVD. Having found a number of worksheets that will help with the information; the company thanks you for your hard work as they now have the information to put onto the DVD. You have been offered the chance to use this information as part of the DVD, which will go towards your final assessment in your apprenticeship.

Identify the major bones of the body:

Identify the different parts of a bone:

BONE

LOCATION BONE TYPE FUNCTION

Cranium

Sternum

Ribs

Vertebral Column

Clavicle

Scapula

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

Pelvis

Femur

Tibia

Fibula

Patella

Type of Joint Describe and give example(s)

FIXED

SLIGHTLY MOVEABLE

FREELY MOVEABLE/SYNOVIAL

Complete the table showing the location, bone type and function. (P1)

Bones of the skeleton come together to form joints. Give a definition of the term “Joint”.

Joints can be classified into 3 types of joint. Describe these joints and give examples. (P1)

COMPONENT FUNCTION (P1)

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Synovial JointsIdentify the component parts of a typical synovial joint. In the table below describe their function. (P1)

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FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

PROTECTION

SUPPORT

SHAPE

BLOOD PRODUCTION

MOVEMENT

SYNOVIAL JOINT EXAMPLE RANGE OF MOVEMENT

BALL AND SOCKET

HINGE

PIVOT

GLIDING

CONDYLOID

SADDLE

Synovial JointsThere are 6 types of synovial joint. Give examples in the body and describe the range of movement they allow. (P1)

Functions of the SkeletonThe skeleton has 5 major functions. Describe them fully in the table. (P1)

How Bones GrowThe name for the growth and development of bones is OSSIFICATION. The process begins in the embryo and continues until the late teens. Bone is living tissue and is constantly being broken down and built up again.

Describe how bones grow, making sure that you include the following; osteoblasts, osteoclasts, epiphyseal plate and physiological zones of bone growth. (P1)

EFFECT OF EXERCISE (P2) EXPLANATION (M2)

EFFECT OF EXERCISE (P2) EXPLANATION (M2)

The Effects of ExerciseIdentify and explain the long and short-term effects of exercise on bones and joints. (P2, M2)

Synovial Joint MovementIdentify the movements the different synovial joints are able to perform. (P2, M2)

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Analysing Sporting MovementIdentify the synovial joints involved and the type of movement that is occurring. (M1)

JOINT

MOVEMENT

JOINT

MOVEMENT

JOINT

MOVEMENT

JOINT

MOVEMENT

The Effects of ExerciseAnalyse the effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system. (D2)