Assignment on 2-2. Ontology (or Metaphysics) What exists? What is? What’s real?
Web Metaphysics between Logic and Ontology
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Web Metaphysics between Logic and Ontology TheTraduxio Project as an example License: CC-by-nc-nd Attribution- Non Commercial - No Derivs 2.0 France WWW2012 Conference Lyon, April 16-20 2011 PhiloWeb Workshop Philippe Lacour –ENS Paris
description
Presentation by Philippe Lacour at PhiloWeb 2012 (WWW 2012), Lyon, France.
Transcript of Web Metaphysics between Logic and Ontology
Web Metaphysics between Logic and Ontology
TheTraduxio Project as an example
License: CC-by-nc-nd Attribution- Non Commercial - No Derivs 2.0 France
WWW2012 ConferenceLyon, April 16-20 2011PhiloWeb Workshop
Philippe Lacour –ENS Paris
Content
Content
Thinking the Web
• The Web: a genuine object of just a fashion?• From a general to a precise point of view • Two possible orientations: logic or ontology• Questioning the ontological question:
semantics• Unveiling the unconscious bias in the way we
frame the problem
Content
Ontology (so they say)
• Multiplication of ontologies• Confusion: metaphysics or misconception• A historical perspective: logical positivism• The Logical tradition: lexical semantics• The Rhetorical / hermeneutical tradition• From ontology to semantics
Content
A logical (semantic) inquiry
• Berners Lee’s Web: positivist vision• Semantic Web as a socio-semantic Web• Interpretation is not secondary• Not a layer cake but a triangle: documents,
interpretation, intersubjectivity• The entlightening case of translation
Content
A logical (semantic) inquiry
• G.-G. Granger and the dream of contemporary reason: « create machines that could produce singularities »
• E.g.: automatic translation• Two cases of machine translation
(grammatical, statistical rules)• Singularity as the sign of creativity• Translate from a text to another text
The TraduXio Project
• A computer assisted translation device• Online, free, open source• Meant for multilingual translation• Aiming at precision: concorder• Collaborative: a digital workbench• Building reflexive corpora• Ontological problems are semantic ones
Beyond the language pair system
The « star » stystem (e.g. Google translator’s toolkit)
Japanese Version
Korean Version
Russian Version
Turkish Version
French Version
Original Version
(English)
The Google Translator’s Toolkit
Originality
1. Beyond the language-pair system
Literature/Zulu
Version B
Version C
Version A
Récupération et encodageMoteur de recherche
Hamlet translated into German/Spanish/French
Multiple Translation from the Qur’an
Originality
2- Relevant suggestions
20th c.
Poetry
Africa
TraitementTraitement
Multilingual Concordance
Relevant suggestions
Concordance : reverse
Originality
3- The collaborative spirit
• Revision History• Managing Texts privileges• Social tagging• Discussions forums• Wiki, social networks…
Privileges Management
Custom Privileges Management
Tagging a Text
Content
Web Philosophy as Psychoanalysis of Digital Culture
• A web of Meaning: documents, not datas• Semantic unconscious, below the ontological
concern• Socio-semantic Web, interpretive semantics• Critical role of philosophy: not kantian but a
cultural psychoanalysis, which also goes beyond Bachelard’s psychoanalysis of knowledge
• Automatic translation misconceives the role of translation in the philosophy of language
Follow TraduXio
• « TIC, traduction, collaboration: vers de nouveaux laboratoires de translocalisation culturelle », Meta Journal for Translators, 55(4), december 2010 (now online).
• “Towards a Collaborative Platform for Cultural Texts Translators”, BÉNEL Aurélien and LACOUR Philippe. In Pierre MARET ed. Virtual Community Building and the Information Society: Current and Future Directions. Hershey (Pennsylvania): IGI Global (January 2011).
