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Web Dynpro for ABAP

Tuesday, January 15, 2013

Integrating Applications With Suspend, Resume & Exit

Plugs

Integrating two different applications in Web Dynpro ABAP is quite a challenging task. Most

of the time we choose to integrate applications by making component usage of one

component in another. But sometimes this becomes a tedious task, especially when both

component are dependent on each other. Here we are going to see an alternative option which

is redirecting URL by using Suspend, Resume & Exit plugs.

Now we will see a small example where there are two applications with URLs A & B.

Application A will contain a InputField and a Button captioned 'Open Application B' and

application B will contain TextView element and a Button captioned 'Exit'. On clicking 'Open

Application B' the text from the InputField goes to application B and get displayed in the

TextView. On clicking exit button it jumps back exiting application B and resuming

application A. Here the message is passed as a URL parameter and it is processed at the

handler of the default plug of window of application B.

Create two components ZFAR_APP1 and ZFAR_APP2. Create the context as shown below for

the both components in the component controller. Attribute MSG is of type STRING.

Create mapping for the context node NODE in both MAIN view and the window (ZFAR_APP1

and ZFAR_APP2) of both the components.

Now design the UI of application A as shown below in the MAIN view and bind the

InputField to MSG attribute of NODE.

Design the UI of application B as shown below in the MAIN view and bind the TextView to MSG

attribute of NODE.

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Google Maps integrationwith Web Dynpro ABAPis one of the most

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Create an outbound plug named TO_WINDOW in the MAIN view. Now create inbound plugs &

outbound plugs in the window as shown below.

When you create a suspend or exit plug, you can create a non-optional parameter named URL

and pass the URL to which the application should redirect to when the plug is fired. You can

create any number of optional parameters which will be passed as the URL parameters to the

URL which we are redirecting to. Here I have MSG parameter which will carry the message from

App A to App B.

Create a navigation link between TO_WINDOW of MAIN view and FROM_VIEW of the ZFAR_APP1

window. Now in the handler method of FROM_VIEW we are going to fire the suspend plug so

that we can navigate to Application B suspending our current application. Unlike an exit plug,

a suspend plug does not close the current application, it just suspends it and jumps to

another URL so that it can resume later. When the exit plug is called in the application B, it

automatically resumes application A from the same point we left it. Suspend plug and resume

plug always exists in pair. You cannot create either one alone, it will create a runtime

Creating plugs for Application A

sought out thing. There are a lot ofpossible ways to this. Google isprovid...

Creating UI ElementsDynamically

SAP Web Dynpro ABAPis an excellent tool tocreate huge data related

applications easily and efficiently.However most of the time we cre...

Creating Table UIDynamically

Many a time you comeacross a situation ofcreating a Table UI

dynamically. Especially, when youwant to create Table UI based oncertain c...

Integrating ApplicationsWith Suspend, Resume& Exit Plugs

Integrating two differentapplications in Web

Dynpro ABAP is quite a challengingtask. Most of the time we choose tointegrate application...

Singleton Pattern

Object Oriented Programming hasbeen a boon to the programmerswithout which development of hugesystems is almost impossible. ABAPis ...

Text Symbols in WebDynpro ABAP

Text symbols are one ofthe great and most usedfeature in ABAP. It is

very helpful when it comes tointernationalization of your applicati...

Timer in Web Dynpro ABAP

Timer is a very essential UI elementin many applications and creating atimer in Webdynpro ABAP seems tobe a little critical task in ...

How to Create a ContextMenu in Web DynproABAP

Creating customizedmenu for right click is

always cool and creating such menu'sin Web Dynpro ABAP is quite easy. Inthis article we a...

Anatomy of Table UI andCreating CustomizedTable UI Dynamically

Whenever we want tocreate a Table UI

dynamically, we go toCREATE_TABLE_FROM_NODEmethod ofCL_WD_DYNAMIC_TOOLS (seehere ) . However in ...

UI Element Hierarchy

Web Dynpro has beenprovided with lots oftools to make thedevelopment easier.

When we want to create applications

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exception. Following is the code in the handler method of FROM_VIEW.

method HANDLEFROM_VIEW .

data msg type string.

data app2_url type string.

data node type ref to if_wd_context_node.

node = wd_context->get_child_node( 'NODE' ).

node->get_attribute( exporting name = 'MSG' importing value = msg ).

cl_wd_utilities=>construct_wd_url(

exporting

application_name = 'ZFAR_APP2'

importing

out_absolute_url = app2_url

).

wd_this->fire_to_app2_plg(

msg = msg

url = app2_url

).

endmethod.

Now on click of the button 'Open Application B' fire the TO_WINDOW plug.

method ONACTIONOPEN .

wd_this->fire_to_window_plg(

).

endmethod.

That's all with application A.

The message which is sent as the URL parameter should be processed in the handler of the

DEFAULT inbound plug of the window ZFAR_APP2. Following is the code to process URL

parameters and move the message to context node.

method HANDLEDEFAULT .

data params type tihttpnvp.

data params_stru type line of tihttpnvp.

data node type ref to if_wd_context_node.

Creating plugs for Application B

in which UI elements...

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wdevent->get_data(

exporting

name = if_wd_application=>all_url_parameters

importing

value = params

).

node = wd_context->get_child_node( name = 'NODE' ).

loop at params into params_stru.

if params_stru-name = 'MSG'.

node->set_attribute( exporting name = 'MSG' value = params_stru-valu

e ).

endif.

endloop.

endmethod.

Create an outbound plug named EXIT in the MAIN view. Now create inbound plugs &

outbound plugs in the window as shown below.

Create a navigation link between EXIT of MAIN view and FROM_VIEW of the ZFAR_APP2

window. Now in the handler method of FROM_VIEW we are going to fire the exit plug so that

we can navigate back to application A exiting application B.

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Following is the code in the handler method of FROM_VIEW.

method HANDLEFROM_VIEW .

wd_this->fire_back_to_app1_plg(

).

endmethod.

Now on click of the button 'Exit' fire the EXIT plug.

method HANDLEFROM_VIEW .

wd_this->fire_back_to_app1_plg(

).

endmethod.

Now activate both the components and create applications in the same name of the

components and run application A.

Choose the data that has to be transferred through URL carefully as data are sent through

GET and not POST. You can also do some additional security programming by creating tokens

from application and transferring only the token number to application B. With the token

number application B can request data through some BAPI. Though this URL redirection

alternative is not the best solution always, it comes handy in situations when Application A

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 2:22 AM 2 comments:

Labels: Plugs, URL, Window

and Application B are totally independent large applications.

+1 Recommend this on Google

Saturday, December 8, 2012

Google Maps in Web Dynpro ABAP

Google Maps integration with Web Dynpro ABAP is one of the most sought out thing. There

are a lot of possible ways to this. Google is providing many ways to access map data and we

are going to use static maps for this tutorial.

Google Static Maps API returns an image of the map when we call its URL with our own

parameters which describe the location and properties of the map (For exact information see

here). Recent NetWeaver versions have many ways to bring Google Maps but here we consider

doing this in a NetWeaver 7.00 system with IFrame. Let’s jump to the tutorial.

Now we are going to create a simple Google Maps Client using Web Dynpro ABAP. Here we

can search for any place and zoom in & out the map.

Create a new component and create the following context node attributes under the root node

of the MAIN view.

Context Attribute Name Type

LOC STRING

ZOOM NUM

URL STRING

Set the default value of ZOOM to 13 which is the optimal zoom for Google Maps.

Now design the layout with an Input Field for search text, a search button, two buttons for

zoom in & out, an IFrame for the map, and a text view at the bottom to see the URL we pass to

IFrame (this helps in debugging, we can make sure whether the URL we construct is valid) as

shown below. MatrixLayout is used here. Create the elements with your own preferred sizes.

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Bind the context attribute LOC to Search text input field and bind the URL to both SOURCE

property of the IFRAME and TEXT property of the TEXTVIEW.

Now create a method named UPDATE_MAP with the following code.

method UPDATE_MAP .

data:

url type string,

loc type string,

zoom(2) type n,

base_url type string

value 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?size=580x380&sensor=

false&center='.

wd_context->get_attribute(

exporting name = 'LOC'

importing value = loc ).

wd_context->get_attribute(

exporting name = 'ZOOM'

importing value = zoom ).

concatenate base_url loc '&zoom=' zoom into url.

wd_context->set_attribute(

exporting name = 'URL' value = url ).

endmethod.

The above code constructs the URL with the given location, zoom level and size and updates it

to the URL context attribute which will reflect in refreshing the IFrame.

Create an action for the search button and add the following code.

method ONACTIONSEARCH_MAP .

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wd_this->update_map( ).

endmethod.

Now for zoom in and zoom out buttons add the corresponding code from the below code.

method ONACTIONZOOM_IN .

data zoom type i.

wd_context->get_attribute(

exporting name = 'ZOOM'

importing value = zoom ).

add 1 to zoom.

wd_context->set_attribute(

exporting name = 'ZOOM'

value = zoom ).

wd_this->update_map( ).

endmethod.

method ONACTIONZOOM_OUT .

data zoom type i.

wd_context->get_attribute(

exporting name = 'ZOOM'

importing value = zoom ).

subtract 1 from zoom.

wd_context->set_attribute(

exporting name = 'ZOOM'

value = zoom ).

wd_this->update_map( ).

endmethod.

And the output would look like this.

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 6:00 PM 6 comments:

+1 Recommend this on Google

Wednesday, November 7, 2012

Text Symbols in Web Dynpro ABAP

Text symbols are one of the great and most used feature in ABAP. It is very helpful when it

comes to internationalization of your application and also manages all your text at one place.

‘Is this feature accessible in Web Dynpro?’ Yes indeed, but it seems Web Dynpro has

complicated accessing it. So this article is all about creating a simple application that gets

the text from Text Symbols and places the text in a caption.

There is something called Assistance Class in Web Dynpro ABAP. Each Web Dynpro

component can have one Assistance Class associated with it. An Assistance Class is any

global class that inherits CL_WD_COMPONENT_ASSISTANCE. This class can contain any

business logic and this class is automatically instantiated when the component is running.

WD_ASSIST is the reference for the instance of this class which you can use from anywhere

within the component. Though Assistance Class has other uses, Text Symbols is one that we

are going to use now.

Create a class in SE24 and make the CL_WD_COMPONENT_ASSISTANCE as the super class to it.

Now create a new Web Dynpro Component and enter the name of the class you created in the

previous step as the Assistance Class for this component (Here its 'ZCL_FAR_TXT_SYMB').

This assistance class is going to contain all the Text Symbols you need and you can retrieve it

whenever you want using the method IF_WD_COMPONENT_ASSISTANCE~GET_TEXT( KEY =

'XXX' ) where XXX is the key of the Text Symbol you want.

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 6:39 AM 2 comments:

Now you can go to the MAIN view and from menu select Goto -> Text Symbols. Here you can

create text symbols as exactly as you do in ABAP Report programs. Now I create a single Text

Element as “Hello World!”. Save and Activate the Text Symbols.

Making use of the Text Symbols is not similar to report programs. Create an attribute in the

context of the MAIN view named HELLO of type String. Create a caption in the layout and bind

the text property of the caption to HELLO attribute of the context. Now we are going to set the

text we have in the Text Symbols to this caption using the following code.

method WDDOINIT .

data txt type string.

txt = wd_assist->if_wd_component_assistance~get_text( key = '001' ).

wd_context->set_attribute( exporting name = 'TEXT' value = txt ).

endmethod.

And we get the following output.

+1 Recommend this on Google

Monday, October 22, 2012

How to Create a Context Menu in Web Dynpro ABAP

Creating customized menu for right click is always cool and creating such menu's in Web

Dynpro ABAP is quite easy. In this article we are going to see creating context menu for a

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TextEdit UI element which has to be filled with the text 'Hello World' on clicking an action in

the menu.

Begin by creating a new component and place a TextEdit UI element in the layout with the ID

as TEXT_EDIT. Now you need a context attribute to bind TEXT_EDIT. Create an attribute

named TEXT of type STRING under the context and bind it to value property of TEXT_EDIT.

Now we have to create the context menu. Right click CONTEXT_MENUS just above the

ROOTUIELEMENTCONTAINER in the layout and create a new menu, then create a

MenuActionItem under the menu. Use the naming as shown in the picture below. Create an

action named SAY_HELLO for the MenuActionItem SAY_HELLO.

In the action, we have to write the code for filling the TextEdit UI element with 'Hello World'

which in turn means we have to set 'Hello World' to attribute TEXT of context root node.

method ONACTIONSAY_HELLO .

wd_context->set_attribute( exporting name = 'TEXT' value = 'Hello World' ).

endmethod.

Now we have to specify for which element the context menu should be shown. This is done

through coding as I'm using NetWeaver 7.00. However, in recent versions you will have the

property ContextMenuId on certain UI elements (UI elements that inherit

CL_WD_CTXT_MENU_PROVIDER) and you don't have to write the following code if you have

that property.

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 2:45 AM 2 comments:

We have a method named WDDOONCONTEXTMENU by default with three parameters as shown

below.

CONTEXT_MENU_EVENT contains the information about on which element right click took

place. CONTEXT_MENU_MANAGER has all the menus associated with a view and the returning

parameter MENU is the menu shown on the right click.

method WDDOONCONTEXTMENU .

if context_menu_event->originator->id = 'TEXT_EDIT'.

menu = context_menu_manager->

get_context_menu( 'TEXT_MENU' ).

endif.

endmethod.

Now the menu appears only if you click above the TEXT_EDIT.

+1 Recommend this on Google

Thursday, October 18, 2012

Anatomy of Table UI and Creating Customized Table UI

Dynamically

Whenever we want to create a Table UI dynamically, we go to CREATE_TABLE_FROM_NODE

method of CL_WD_DYNAMIC_TOOLS (see here). However in some cases we want the Table to

be very much customized. For example, you may need to create a Table UI bounded to only

three attributes of a node which already has four attributes and you may also want to

represent each column with different UI element. ‘Yes, situations like this are there’. If you are

making a service call, it will create a set of context nodes in the component controller. Now if

you want to create a table dynamically and bind it to an already existing node, where you

don’t want all the fields to be bound.

Let’s see the anatomy of Table UI so that we can understand better.

Anatomy of Table UI

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The above diagram gives the anatomy of Table UI. Cell Editor can be any of the following UI

elements. All these UI elements that inherit the interface IF_WD_TABLE_CELL_EDITOR (See UI

Element Hierarchy).

UI Element Class

Button CL_WD_BUTTON

Caption CL_WD_CAPTION

CheckBox CL_WD_CHECKBOX

DrobDownByIndex CL_WD_DROPDOWN_BY_IDX

DropDownByKey CL_WD_DROPDOWN_BY_KEY

FileDownload CL_WD_FILE_DOWNLOAD

FileUpload CL_WD_FILE_UPLOAD

Image CL_WD_IMAGE

InputField CL_WD_INPUT_FIELD

LinkToAction CL_WD_LINK_TO_ACTION

LinkToURL CL_WD_LINK_TO_URL

ProgressIndicator CL_WD_PROGRESS_INDICATOR

RadioButton CL_WD_RADIO_BUTTON

TextView CL_WD_TEXT_VIEW

ToggleButton CL_WD_TOGGLE_BUTTON

TristateCheckBox CL_WD_TRI_STATE_CHECKBOX

So creating a table dynamically involves creating all these parts dynamically and assembling

them to form the desired Table UI. You have to do this all in WDDOMODIFYVIEW (If you are

aware not of this, please check out ‘Creating UI Elements Dynamically’).

Now we will start an example. We are going to create a simple Table UI with just two columns,

where one column will be input field and the other will be text view. We will be showing data

from the database table KNA1 (Customer Master). If we would have created this example

statically, the Table UI structure would be as follows.

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Create a context node named CUSTOMER with dictionary structure KNA1 and select only the

four fields which are shown on the following image as attributes.

This is the node which we are going to bind to the Table UI that we are going to create

dynamically. This node has to be filled with data, so that our Table UI can have data on the

output. The following code on WDDOINIT fills data to the node from KNA1 table.

method WDDOINIT .

data:

node type ref to if_wd_context_node,

tab type wd_this->elements_customer.

select * from kna1 into corresponding fields of table tab.

node = wd_context->get_child_node( 'CUSTOMER' ).

node->bind_table( tab ).

endmethod.

Finally we are going to write the code in WDDOMODIFYVIEW.

method WDDOMODIFYVIEW .

data:

node type ref to if_wd_context_node,

my_table type ref to cl_wd_table,

my_col1 type ref to cl_wd_table_column,

my_col2 type ref to cl_wd_table_column,

flow_data type ref to cl_wd_flow_data,

root type ref to cl_wd_uielement_container,

input_field type ref to cl_wd_input_field,

text_view type ref to cl_wd_text_view,

caption type ref to cl_wd_caption.

cl_wd_table=>new_table(

exporting

id = 'TABLEID'

bind_data_source = 'CUSTOMER'

visible_row_count = 5

receiving

control = my_table

).

my_col1 = cl_wd_table_column=>new_table_column( ).

input_field = cl_wd_input_field=>new_input_field(

bind_value = 'CUSTOMER.KUNNR' ).

my_col1->set_table_cell_editor( input_field ).

caption = cl_wd_caption=>new_caption( ).

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 3:41 AM 1 comment:

Labels: Dynamic UI, UI Elements

my_col1->set_header( caption ).

my_col2 = cl_wd_table_column=>new_table_column( ).

text_view = cl_wd_text_view=>new_text_view(

bind_text = 'CUSTOMER.NAME1' ).

my_col2->set_table_cell_editor( text_view ).

caption = cl_wd_caption=>new_caption( ).

my_col2->set_header( caption ).

my_table->add_column( my_col1 ).

my_table->add_column( my_col2 ).

root ?= view->get_root_element( ).

flow_data = cl_wd_flow_data=>new_flow_data( my_table ).

my_table->set_layout_data( flow_data ).

root->add_child( my_table ).

endmethod.

In the above code, we are creating a Table UI, attaching two columns to it where each

configured with its own cell editor and caption. Usually CL_WD_CAPTION should be the

column header and here I’m binding it without any caption text so that the system will

automatically take the field labels of data elements KUNNR and NAME1. You can also override

the default column header with your own by giving some text while creating the caption.

And you finally we get the output.

+1 Recommend this on Google

Monday, October 15, 2012

Creating Table UI Dynamically

Many a time you come across a situation of creating a Table UI dynamically. Especially, when

you want to create Table UI based on certain conditions which will be known only during the

run time. However, Table is not a simple element, it comprises of Columns, Cell Editors and

Popins. To make our job simple, SAP has provided a built in method to create a simple table

which can only display data. In this article we are going to use this method to create a Table

UI dynamically.

SAP has provided the class CL_WD_DYNAMIC_TOOLS which contains some of the static

methods which can be useful for programming dynamically. Now we are going to use the

method CREATE_TABLE_FROM_NODE. This comes very handy whenever we want to create a

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simple table for displaying data. As the name suggests, this method creates a table from a

given node making each attribute of the node as a column in the table. Column headers will

be same as the field name of the corresponding data element.

Create a node under context as the following picture.

Here all the three attributes are of the type STRING in order to give you a simple example. And

so you will not be seeing any column header as it is not a data element. Say if the type of CODE

is KUNNR, then the column header would be "Customer Name".

method WDDOMODIFYVIEW .

data:

my_table type ref to cl_wd_table,

root type ref to cl_wd_uielement_container,

my_node type ref to if_wd_context_node.

if first_time = abap_true.

root ?= view->get_root_element( ).

my_node = wd_context->get_child_node( 'DYNTAB' ).

call method cl_wd_dynamic_tool=>create_table_from_node

exporting

ui_parent = root

table_id = 'MYTAB'

node = my_node

receiving

table = my_table.

endif.

endmethod.

Write the above code in WDDOMODIFYVIEW of the view. In the above code, we just pass the

reference of the container to which the table should be added, the ID of the table and

reference to node according to which the table should be created and bound. The method

automatically creates the required table and adds it to the container.

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Posted by Fareez Ahamed at 10:22 AM 1 comment:

Labels: Dynamic UI

The above pictures shows the output. The table is empty as there is no data bound to the node

(assuming that you know how to work with nodes and data).

This is the simplest way to create a simple table to just display the data. However, its not

flexible so that you can create any type of table. In this way, you cannot create a table which

contains of table cells made of drop down list or progress bar. You can ask the question 'Can't

I create as rich as I do statically?'. 'Of course you can, but with a little longer code for little more

enjoyment'. Check out that 'Anatomy of Table UI and Creating Customized Table UI

Dynamically'.

+1 Recommend this on Google

Thursday, October 4, 2012

Creating UI Elements Dynamically

SAP Web Dynpro ABAP is an excellent tool to create huge data related applications easily and

efficiently. However most of the time we create applications that has predefined screen

design. So most of the people are quite unaware about manipulating UI elements

dynamically. But Web Dynpro indeed has the capability to do anything dynamically. It is a

perfect Object Oriented System just like Java Swing or .NET's Forms. I would like to give a

brief introduction to create UI elements dynamically.

There is a simple rule. Whatever you want to do dynamically with the UI elements, you have to

do at WDDOMODIFY function of the view. WDDOMODIFY will be called every time the screen

updates. And the screen is updated every time an action takes place on the view.

The parameter VIEW is the key to access the UI elements of a view which is not available on

other WD methods such as WDDOINIT. FIRST_TIME parameter is very useful to create and

populate UI elements on the view during the start of the application.

Now we will see the architecture of UI elements. Each type of UI element has a corresponding

class with name of the UI element preceded by CL_WD_. For example CL_WD_INPUT_FIELD is

the class of the element input field. All these classes are similar to UI classes in Java Swing or

.NET Forms. You can not only access any property of a UI element but also bind attributes of

context nodes to any property using the methods available on these classes.

The following code will create a new input field and add it to view.

method WDDOMODIFYVIEW .

data:

input_field type ref to cl_wd_input_field,

flow_data type ref to cl_wd_flow_data,

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uicont type ref to cl_wd_uielement_container.

if first_time = abap_true.

input_field = cl_wd_input_field=>new_input_field(

bind_value = 'NODE.TEXT' ).

flow_data = cl_wd_flow_data=>new_flow_data( input_field ).

input_field->set_layout_data( flow_data ).

uicont ?= view->get_element( 'ROOTUIELEMENTCONTAINER' ).

uicont->add_child( input_field ).

endif.

endmethod.

The bind_value attribute carries the name of the attribute in the context node which should be

bound to the input field (context nodes and attributes can also be created dynamically, I

would like to write about that some other day). Here create the context node as follows.

Every UI element should have the layout information needed. So we have to add the layout

information and this layout information should be compatible with the layout of the parent

container. The following picture helps you understand what is layout information in the

context of static input fields (This changes with the type of layout of the parent container).

By default, ROOTUIELEMENTCONTAINER has flow layout associated with it. We have added

our input field to the root container.

Similarly CL_WD_GRID_DATA is the class for grid layout. Browse through SE24 and find the

other layout classes.

Thus elements can be created dynamically and bound to context attributes.

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