WEANING FEED WEANING FEED YOUNG CHILDYOUNG CHILD

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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

To learn optimum practices of To learn optimum practices of weaning during infancyweaning during infancy

To counsel & guide mothers & To counsel & guide mothers & families about the quality, families about the quality, quantity, frequency and quantity, frequency and consistency of food for an infant consistency of food for an infant

WEANINGWEANING

Addition of supplementary feed Addition of supplementary feed to the primary feedto the primary feed

WEANING AGE: 4 – 6 monthsWEANING AGE: 4 – 6 months

EARLY WEANINGEARLY WEANING

Can lead to Can lead to Infections Infections due to due to immature process & incomplete immature process & incomplete cellular lining of intestinescellular lining of intestines

Indigested / undigested food Indigested / undigested food cross & result in excessive cross & result in excessive production of IGE production of IGE AllergiesAllergies

LATE WEANING LATE WEANING

Can cause:Can cause: Fall in weight gain Fall in weight gain

Growth Retardation due to PEMGrowth Retardation due to PEM Fe & Vitamin requirements not Fe & Vitamin requirements not

fulfilledfulfilled Reflexes are developed enough to Reflexes are developed enough to

manage semisolids manage semisolids

Gradual Process:Gradual Process:

Breast Milk Breast Milk fluids fluids semisolids semisolids solids solids Transitional Period: Transitional Period: 6months – 30 months6months – 30 months

WEANINGWEANING

Addition of supplement Food to Addition of supplement Food to previous feedprevious feed

Weaning means giving family Weaning means giving family food in addition to the breast food in addition to the breast milk, it is a gradual process by milk, it is a gradual process by which the infant become which the infant become accustomed to the adult diet accustomed to the adult diet

Weaning Age: 4-6 monthsWeaning Age: 4-6 months

Weaning Food should beWeaning Food should be Cheap, Palatable, Nutrition's of Cheap, Palatable, Nutrition's of

socially acceptable socially acceptable

REQUIREMENTREQUIREMENT

Cals:Cals: 110 – 120 cals / kg first 6 110 – 120 cals / kg first 6

monthsmonths

100 cals / kg by the end of 1 yr 100 cals / kg by the end of 1 yr

50 cals / kg – adult50 cals / kg – adult

PROTIENPROTIEN

2.5 G / kg – 12.5 G / kg – 1stst yr yr 2 G / kg – 22 G / kg – 2ndnd yr yr 1.8 G /kg – 5 yr1.8 G /kg – 5 yr

FluidsFluids 110-150 ml / kg – 1110-150 ml / kg – 1stst year year 15 – 18 ml / kg - Adult15 – 18 ml / kg - Adult

Feeding of childrenFeeding of children

Exclusive breast feedingExclusive breast feeding 0-4 months0-4 months Juice ,fruit, vegetable ,cereals 2/dayJuice ,fruit, vegetable ,cereals 2/day 4-5 months4-5 months Butter ,meat etc more food 3-4/dayButter ,meat etc more food 3-4/day 5-7 months5-7 months Can eat family diet fish, egg small Can eat family diet fish, egg small frequent feed 12 monthsfrequent feed 12 months

Nutrition of InfantsNutrition of Infants

4 – 6 Months:4 – 6 Months: Give Br. Milk 6 times / day on demandGive Br. Milk 6 times / day on demand Feed semisolid foodsFeed semisolid foods 7-9 Months:7-9 Months: Continue Br. FeedingContinue Br. Feeding Feed semisolid foods, increase quantity Feed semisolid foods, increase quantity Include foods from each groupInclude foods from each group 10-12 Months10-12 Months Continue Br. FeedingContinue Br. Feeding increase quantity can eat family diet by 12 increase quantity can eat family diet by 12

m m

Food Squares for Infant DietsFood Squares for Infant DietsStaple foodStaple food Rice, wheat, maize, Rice, wheat, maize, potatoespotatoes

Protein foodsProtein foodsBean, dal, peas, Bean, dal, peas, groundnut, milk, groundnut, milk, yoghurt, cheese, yoghurt, cheese, fish, meat, eggs fish, meat, eggs

Vitamin and mineral Vitamin and mineral foodsfoodsDark green leafy Dark green leafy vegetable, tomatoes, vegetable, tomatoes, carrots, fruits carrots, fruits

Energy foodEnergy foodButter oils, sugars, Butter oils, sugars, Soya oil, corn oilSoya oil, corn oil

Breast Milk

Suggested diet should be:Suggested diet should be: PracticalPractical Specific Specific AffordableAffordable Acceptable / appropriateAcceptable / appropriate Based on the results of dietary Based on the results of dietary

assessmentassessment

Daily Food Guide Young ChildDaily Food Guide Young Child

FoodFood 1-3 yrs1-3 yrs 4-6 yrs4-6 yrs

StapleStaple 2 roti ( 200 cal)2 roti ( 200 cal) 4 rotis4 rotis

FruitFruit 2 pieces2 pieces 2 pieces2 piecesVegetableVegetable ½ Pao½ Pao ½ Pao½ Pao

LegumesLegumes ¾ Pao¾ Pao ½ Pao½ Pao

MeatMeat 1/8 Pao1/8 Pao½ chi tank½ chi tank

1/8 Pao1/8 Pao½ chi ½ chi tank tank

MilkMilk ½ liter½ liter ½ litre½ litre

Oils /FatsOils /Fats 2 TSF2 TSF 4 TSF4 TSF

COUNCELLING MOTHERSCOUNCELLING MOTHERS

Instructions should be practical &Instructions should be practical & early understoodearly understood Locally available foods & within family Locally available foods & within family

budgetbudget Food should be prepared specially for Food should be prepared specially for

baby during 1baby during 1stst few months ( 4-12 months) few months ( 4-12 months) Feed each weaning food repeatedly till Feed each weaning food repeatedly till

baby develops a taste for itbaby develops a taste for it Food should be from all 4 groupsFood should be from all 4 groups

Basic Principles for feeding young Basic Principles for feeding young childrenchildren

Continue breast feedingContinue breast feeding Variety of foods & use of weaning Variety of foods & use of weaning

mixes (from all 4 groups)mixes (from all 4 groups) Soft consistencySoft consistency Gradually increase serving sizeGradually increase serving size Encourage children to eat moreEncourage children to eat more High energy density (add oil)High energy density (add oil) Small frequents mealsSmall frequents meals

Should be from family table, preferably freshly Should be from family table, preferably freshly cookedcooked

Good energy staple foods are bulky enrich with low Good energy staple foods are bulky enrich with low bulk high energy foods e.g. fatsbulk high energy foods e.g. fats

Expensive foods such as meat & eggs may be Expensive foods such as meat & eggs may be nutrition's but they are not necessarynutrition's but they are not necessary

Legumes i.e. dals re the best low cost source of Legumes i.e. dals re the best low cost source of ProteinProtein

Seasonal fruits & vegetables are added to the Seasonal fruits & vegetables are added to the infant’s dietinfant’s diet

Avoid dilution of foods with water as it reduces Avoid dilution of foods with water as it reduces energy densityenergy density

Good weaning food is mixture of different groups Good weaning food is mixture of different groups

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