WB AMR(GBSS14.0_01)
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Transcript of WB AMR(GBSS14.0_01)
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WB AMR GBSS14.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue 01
Date 2012-04-28
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: [email protected]
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GSM BSS
WB AMR Contents
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
i
Contents
1 Introduction to This Document ............................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Change History .............................................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 2-1
3 Technical Description .............................................................................................................. 3-1
3.1 WB AMR Encoding and Decoding ................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment ............................................................................................................... 3-1
3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation ......................................................................................... 3-1
3.4 Power Control ................................................................................................................................ 3-2
3.5 TFO ............................................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.6 WB AMR in A over IP Mode .......................................................................................................... 3-2
3.7 Impact on KPIs .............................................................................................................................. 3-3
4 Engineering Guidelines ........................................................................................................... 4-1
5 Parameters.................................................................................................................................. 5-1
6 Counters ...................................................................................................................................... 6-1
7 Glossary ...................................................................................................................................... 7-1
8 Reference Documents ............................................................................................................. 8-1
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 1 Introduction to This Document
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
1-1
1 Introduction to This Document
1.1 Scope
This document describes the WB AMR feature. It describes Wide Band Adaptive Multi Rate Codec (WB AMR) speech encoding/decoding, rate adjustment threshold adaptation, WB AMR power control, enabling Tandem Free Operation (TFO) and Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) in the case of WB AMR. (GBFD-115507 WB AMR)
1.2 Intended Audience
Users of this document are assumed to be familiar with GSM basics and have a working knowledge of GSM telecommunication.
This document is intended for:
Personnel working on Huawei GSM products or systems
System operators who need a general understanding of this feature
1.3 Change History
This section provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
Feature change: refers to a change in the WB AMR feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change: refers to a change in wording or the addition of information that was not described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
01 (2012-04-28)
Draft A (2012-02-15)
01 (2012-04-28)
This is the first release of GBSS14.0.
Compared with issue draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0, issue 01 (2012-04-28) of GBSS14.0 has no change.
Draft A (2012-02-15)
This is a draft.
Compared with issue 01 (2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0, Draft A (2012-02-15) of GBSS14.0 incorporates the changes described in the following table.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 1 Introduction to This Document
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
1-2
Change Type
Change Description Parameter Change
Feature change
Deleted the description for DTX. Deleted the following parameters:
FRDLDTX
FRULDTX
HRDLDTX
HRULDTX
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 2 Overview
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
2-1
2 Overview
The sampling frequency of the traditional narrowband speech signals is 8 kHz, and the speech frequency ranges from 200 Hz to 3400 Hz. With the development of communication technologies, users have higher requirements for speech quality. The narrowband speech signals, however, cannot always meet users' requirements for speech quality. WB AMR is introduced to provide high-grade speech quality.
The sampling frequency of WB AMR is 16 kHz, and the speech frequency ranges from 50 Hz to 7 kHz. Compared with AMR, WB AMR has wide high frequency extension and low frequency extension. Therefore, WB AMR can provide better speech quality.
In the GSM system, WB AMR specifies five speech encoding rates. In addition, WB AMR occupies only full-rate channels.
Currently, Huawei WB AMR supports only one Active Codec Set (ACS). The ACS contains three speech encoding rates: 6.60 kbit/s, 8.85 kbit/s, and 12.65 kbit/s. The BSC automatically selects an appropriate speech encoding rate from the ACS.
Table 2-1 lists the speech encoding rates supported by WB AMR.
Table 2-1 WB AMR speech encoding rates
Encoding Rate WB AMR
6.60 kbit/s
8.85 kbit/s
12.65 kbit/s
15.85 kbit/s -
23.85 kbit/s -
NOTE
-: not supported
: supported
WB AMR corresponds to full-rate speech version 5. That is, WB AMR is enabled only when VOICEVER is set to FULL_RATE_VER5. To enable WB AMR, the MSC must support full-rate speech version 5.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 3 Technical Description
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
3-1
3 Technical Description
3.1 WB AMR Encoding and Decoding
Encoding
The sampling frequency of the Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) code stream on the A interface is 8 kHz, whereas the sampling frequency of WB AMR is 16 kHz. WB AMR takes samples of the speech data before encoding it. In addition, WB AMR raises the sampling frequency of the PCM code stream that is decompressed according to the A-law or -law to 16 kHz before encoding it.
Decoding
After decoding, the sampling frequency of the PCM code stream is 16 kHz. The standard sampling frequency of the PCM code stream on the A interface, however, is 8 kHz. Therefore, the sampling frequency of the decoded PCM code stream needs to be decreased and compressed according to A-law or -law before being sent over the A interface.
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment
WB AMR speech rate adjustment refers to the process in which the AMR codec mode of a call on a channel frequently changes to adapt to the variations of the interference level in the radio environment.
Each WB AMR codec mode has an adjustment threshold, which is used to select the codec mode that best suits the C/I ratio of the interference level in the radio environment. The hysteresis is introduced to avoid the constant changes of the codec mode. The value of the threshold ranges from 0 to 63. Value 1 indicates 0.5 dB, and value 2 indicates 1 dB. The rest may be deduced by analogy. The value of the hysteresis ranges from 0 to 15. The hysteresis value complements the threshold.
INITCDMDWB specifies the initial WB AMR codec mode used for a call.
The speech rate adjustment policy of WB AMR is the same as the speech rate adjustment policy of AMR. For details, see AMR Feature Parameter Description.
The parameters related to WB AMR speech rate adjustment are listed as follows:
ULTHWB1
ULHYSTWB1
DLHYSTWB1
DLTHWB1
ULTHWB2
ULHYSTWB2
DLHYSTWB2
DLTHWB2
3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation
The WB AMR rate adjustment threshold adaptation function enables the BSC to monitor the speech quality in real time and to adaptively modify the threshold parameters. Therefore, an appropriate WB AMR codec mode can always be selected for the call. For details, see AMR Feature Parameter Description.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 3 Technical Description
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
3-2
3.4 Power Control
The procedure of power control for WB AMR calls is similar to the procedure of power control for AMR calls. For details, see AMR Feature Parameter Description.
3.5 TFO
Due to the high sampling frequency, WB AMR can provide more spectrum information on speech signals. The spectrum information, however, is partially lost on the A interface due to the decrease of the sampling frequency to 8 kHz. This affects the quality of services provided by WB AMR.
In A over TDM mode, the transcoder (TC) forcibly initiates TFO negotiation after a WB AMR call is set up, If both the calling and called MSs support TFO, TFO can be performed.
The TFO Message is transmitted in fixed bit spacing on the A interface. Specifically, the TFO Message is used to replace the least significant bit in the first byte of every 16 PCM bytes. In this way, the impact on speech quality is reduced to a negligible level. Messages that are transmitted in fixed bit spacing can only be transmitted on a 16 kbit/s subchannel. The TFO Frame and TFO Message are transmitted without encoding or decoding. When the TFO Frame and TFO Message are transmitted over the A interface, the sampling frequency need not be decreased. In this way, the spectrum information on speech signals can be saved and the speech quality can be ensured. Figure 3-1 shows the working mechanism of TFO.
Figure 3-1 Working mechanism of TFO
BSC
(TC)BTS MSC
BSC
(TC)BTS
Endcoding DecodingSpeech compression
PCM
PC
M
Speech
frameSpeech
frame
TFO TFODisable
Tandem
operation
Disable
Tandem
operation
Disable
Tandem
operation
Disable
Tandem
operation
The frame format used on the A interface is described as follows: The first six high bits carry the PCM frame, and the last two low bits carry the TFO Frame and TFO Message.
After TFO is performed, the TC combines the 48 kbit/s PCM frame compressed according to A-law or -law with 16 kbit/s TFO Frame and TFO Message. The TC then sends the combined frame over the A interface to the MSC.
In the downlink, the TC extracts the TFO Frame and TFO Message from the last two low bits, converts the TFO Frame and TFO Message to the TRAU frame, and sends the TRAU frame. The transmission of the TRAU frame does not involve decoding.
For details on TFO negotiation, see TFO Feature Parameter Description.
3.6 WB AMR in A over IP Mode
In A over IP mode, the BSC does not perform encoding or decoding, and the Media Gateway (MGW) performs the functions of the TC. In this case, the BSS performs encoding and decoding only on channels.
To enable WB AMR in A over IP mode that requires the support from the MSC or MGW, the CN must support Transcoder Free Operation (TrFO).
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 3 Technical Description
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
3-3
3.7 Impact on KPIs
The encoding and decoding of WB AMR calls require a large number of resources. Therefore, when WB AMR is enabled, the number of speech paths supported by the BSC is reduced in A over TDM mode. In addition, like AMR, WB AMR also has an impact on the call drop rate, congestion rate, handover-related KPIs, and traffic volume. For details, see impact on KPIs in AMR Feature Parameter Description.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 4 Engineering Guidelines
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
4-1
4 Engineering Guidelines
WB AMR cannot be used together with Voice Quality Enhancement (VQE) or Enhanced Packet Loss Concealment (EPLC).
The WB AMR feature requires support from MSs. Therefore, you are advised to enable the WB AMR feature in areas that have high penetration for WB AMR-capable MSs.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 5 Parameters
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
5-1
5 Parameters
Table 5-1 Parameter description
Parameter ID
NE MML Command Description
INITCDMDWB
BSC6900 SET GCELLCCAMR
Meaning: Initial coding mode used for broadband AMR calls. The three values 0, 1 and 2 of this parameter respectively represent the lowest, low and highest coding rates in the ACS. This parameter does not take effect in A over IP mode. In A over IP mode, the TC is integrated into the UMG. The BSC6900 obtains the initial coding mode based on 3GPP TS 45.009 instead of parameter configuration.
GUI Value Range: 0~2
Actual Value Range: 0~2
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
VOICEVER
BSC6900 SET GCELLCCACCESS
Meaning: Speech version supported by a cell.
GUI Value Range: FULL_RATE_VER1(Full-rate VER 1), FULL_RATE_VER2(Full-rate VER 2), FULL_RATE_VER3(Full-rate VER 3), HALF_RATE_VER1(Half-rate VER 1), HALF_RATE_VER2(Half-rate VER 2), HALF_RATE_VER3(Half-rate VER 3), FULL_RATE_VER5(Full-rate VER 5)
Actual Value Range: FULL_RATE_VER1, FULL_RATE_VER2, FULL_RATE_VER3, HALF_RATE_VER1, HALF_RATE_VER2, HALF_RATE_VER3, FULL_RATE_VER5
Default Value: FULL_RATE_VER1-1&FULL_RATE_VER2-0&FULL_RATE_VER3-0&HALF_RATE_VER1-1&HALF_RATE_VER2-0&HALF_RATE_VER3-0&FULL_RATE_VER5-0
Unit: None
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 6 Counters
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
6-1
6 Counters
Table 6-1 Counter description
Counter ID
Counter Name Counter Description Feature ID
1282411447
CELL.INTRACEL.HO.REQ.TIMES.WBAMR.WB.NWB
H3006A:Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (WBAMR) (WB-NWB)
GBFD-115507
1282411448
CELL.INTRACEL.HO.REQ.TIMES.WBAMR.NWB.WB
H3006B:Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (WBAMR) (NWB-WB)
GBFD-115507
1282411449
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.CMD.TIMES.WBAMR.WB.NWB
H3016A:Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (WBAMR) (WB-NWB)
GBFD-115507
1282411450
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.CMD.TIMES.WBAMR.NWB.WB
H3016B:Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (WBAMR) (NWB-WB)
GBFD-115507
1282411451
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.FAIL.TIMES.WBAMR.WB.NWB
H3026A:Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (WBAMR) (WB-NWB)
GBFD-115507
1282411452
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.FAIL.TIMES.WBAMR.NWB.WB
H3026B:Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (WBAMR) (NWB-WB)
GBFD-115507
1282411478
CALL.CELL.DROP.WBAMR.CALL.FAIL.TIMES
M0121C:WBAMR Service Channel Call Drop Times
GBFD-115507
1282411479
CELL.CALL.SPEECH.VER.5.REQ.TIMES.TCHF
A0402D:Request Times Of Full Rate Speech Version 5
GBFD-115507
1282411481
CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TIMES.TCHF.WBAMR
A0409Q:WBAMR TCH Successful Call Occupancy Times (Service Channel)
GBFD-115507
1282411508
CELL.ASS.CMP.TIMES.SPEECH.VER.5.NOT.INCLUDE.DR.TCHF
A3113:Speech Version 5 Completed Assignments (Excluding Directed Retry) (TCHF)
GBFD-115507
1282411509
CELL.ASS.CMP.TIMES.SPEECH.VER.5.DIRECT.RETRY.DR.TCHF
A3114:Cell Assignment Complete Times of Speech Version 5 (Direct Retry) (TCHF)
GBFD-115507
1282423798
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.SUCC.RATE.WBAMR.WB.TO.NWB
TH3036A:Success Rate of Internal Intra-Cell Handover (WBAMR) (WB-NWB)
GBFD-115507
1282423799
CELL.INTRACELL.HO.SUCC.RATE.WBAMR.NWB.TO.WB
TH3036B:Success Rate of Internal Intra-Cell Handover
GBFD-115507
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 6 Counters
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
6-2
Counter ID
Counter Name Counter Description Feature ID
(WBAMR) (NWB-WB)
1282423817
CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHF.WBAMR.TRAF.AVE
AR3556C:Traffic Volume on WBAMR TCHFs
GBFD-115507
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 7 Glossary
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
7-1
7 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
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GSM BSS
WB AMR 8 Reference Documents
Issue 01 (2012-04-28) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
8-1
8 Reference Documents
[1] 3GPP TS 28.062 "Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of speech codecs; Service description; Stage 3"
[2] 3GPP TS 48.060 "In-band control of remote transcoders and rate adaptors for full rate traffic channels"
[3] BSC6900 Feature List
[4] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
[5] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
[6] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
[7] BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference
[8] AMR Feature Parameter Description
[9] TFO Feature Parameter Description
[10] Discontinuous Transmission and Discontinuous Reception Feature Parameter Description
1 Introduction to This Document1.1 Scope1.2 Intended Audience1.3 Change HistoryDocument Issues01 (2012-04-28)Draft A (2012-02-15)
2 OverviewTable 2-1 WB AMR speech encoding rates
3 Technical Description3.1 WB AMR Encoding and DecodingEncodingDecoding
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation3.4 Power Control3.5 TFOFigure 3-1 Working mechanism of TFO
3.6 WB AMR in A over IP Mode3.7 Impact on KPIs
4 Engineering Guidelines5 ParametersTable 5-1 Parameter description
6 CountersTable 6-1 Counter description
7 Glossary8 Reference Documents[1] 3GPP TS 28.062 "Inband Tandem Free Operation (TFO) of speech codecs; Service description; Stage 3"[2] 3GPP TS 48.060 "In-band control of remote transcoders and rate adaptors for full rate traffic channels"[3] BSC6900 Feature List[4] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description[5] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference[6] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference[7] BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference[8] AMR Feature Parameter Description[9] TFO Feature Parameter Description[10] Discontinuous Transmission and Discontinuous Reception Feature Parameter Description