WatsonNicoleJordanChrisNick

Where Have You Heard of Watson?•February 14th, 2011 Watson competed on

Jeopardy•In a three day match, Watson won a one

million dollar prize•Jeopardy also spent time introducing

Watson’s development and capabilities.

What is Watson?

•Watson is a machine that can understand and answer natural language.

•Basically, Watson acts as a search engine you can speak to.

•IBM plans to develop Watson beyond Jeopardy, to advance certain fields.

•Although Watson is very smart, it does not have the ability to think as a human.

Development of Watson

What does Watson need for it to be successful?• The ability to discern double meanings of

words, puns, rhymes, and inferred hints

• Extremely rapid responses

• The ability to process vast amounts of information to make complex and subtle logical connections

Focus on 3 key capabilities•Natural language processing

•Hypothesis generation

•Evidence-based learning

Development into a Jeopardy! powerhouse•2006: Watson could get 15% of the

questions correct•2007: A team of 20-25 people, led by

David Ferrucci, were given 3-5 years to solve the problems surrounding Watson

•2008: Watson could compete with Jeopardy! Champions

•2010: Watson could regularly beat human Jeopardy! contestants

HOW WATSON FIGURES OUT THE ANSWERS ON

JEOPARDY!

4 Not-So Simple Steps

•Question Analysis•Hypothesis Generation•Hypothesis and Evidence Scoring•Final Merging and Ranking

Question Analysis

•Splits question into parts of speech•Identifies each part of speech as a role in

the sentence

Hypothesis Generation

•Quick search through hundreds of millions of documents

•Quantity over accuracy

Hypothesis and Evidence Scoring•Finds passages from the remaining

sources for positive or negative evidence•Scoring algorithms rate the quality of

these answers

Final Merging and Ranking

•Weigh the importance of the different types of evidence

•Weighted evidence scores are merged into a final ranking▫If the ranking is below 50%, Watson won’t

answer▫No fixed confidence level for whether

Watson will answer or not

Current Uses

Jeopardy! Winner!

•Has 200 million pages of information.

•Ken Jennings •Brad Rutter

Health Care

•WellPoint Inc. and Seton Health Family•Better than a doctor?•Data Mining.•Patients Information.•Results.

Finance

•CitiGroup•The process •Data Mining•Next Data Analysis

Supercomputer or Superhero?

1. Finance2. Healthcare3. Public Services

Dr. Watson

Finance

Most financial services firms are dying of thirst in an ocean of data- IBM Chang

•Big Data vs. Big Strokes•Watson vs. Computer Farms•Patterns vs. Algorithms

Healthcare

"The way we doctors work,…we ask our colleagues, we ask specialists in the field. In essence, Watson will have that capability.” - Dr. Kris Watson

•Dr. Watson•Information database•Diagnosis and Prescription

Public Services•Traffic Flow•Energy Use

Final quote?

Watson is not a deterministic system. Watson learns, based on the information that's fed to it. It's also trained; it's a machine-learning system. It's only as smart as the information it's fed. It's the way any human being would learn.

Works Cited• http://www.startribune.com/business/163187546.html?refer=y• http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2012/06/13/health/ibm-watson-medical-technology/• http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2012/06/13/health/ibm-watson-medical-technology/• http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-03-05/ibm-s-watson-computer-gets-wall-street-job-one-year-after-je

opardy-win.html• http://www.forbes.com/sites/schifrin/2012/05/09/will-supercomputer-watson-be-a-superhero-for-banking/• http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Cloud-Computing/IBM-Exploring-New-Use-Cases-Business-Model-for-Watson-Cl

oud-Services-493686/• http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-02-16/don-t-read-this-unless-you-want-to-know-if-ibm-won-jeopardy-

.html• http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watson_(computer)• http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/science-behind_watson.shtml• http://www.inc.com/guides/201103/leading-the-ibm-watson-team-to-innovate.htmlhttp://

www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/what_makes_watson_different.shtml• http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903532804576564600781798420.html• http://omaha.com/article/20120311/MONEY/703119891• http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/putting_watson_to_work.shtml• http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/watson_in_healthcare.shtml• http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/watson_in_finance.shtml

Based on what we have presented on IBM’s future expectations of Watson, how do you feel that this machine will have a large impact on our futures?

What field do you think Watson may have the largest impact in? Why?

What part of Watson’s development do you find most innovating?