Water

Water is most abundant nutrient found in every cell, around the cell, in body fluids,

and body cavities.

Water carries other dissolved nutrients around the body and assists in all their functions.

Water also aids in digesting food, removing wastes, regulating body temp, and cushioning vital organs.

Dehydration – not enough water in body tissues

Muscle cramps Death

We lose 2-3 quarts of water a dayWe need 2-3 quarts of water a day (6-8

glasses)

Physical activity can cause more

Amount of body weight that is water Females- 50% Males- 55%

Water Intoxication- Disturbance of brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of the safe limit.

Vitamins

-Vitamins are not digested by the body.

-They are absorbed by the body’s tissues

-- Helps build bone and tissue

- Helps change carbs and fat into energy

-Vitamins do not provide energy to the body

-Needed in small amounts for life and growth and the prevention of diseases

-They work with carbs, proteins, and fat to promote growth and regulate body processes

Deficiency- having too little of a necessary substance

Fat Soluble Vitamins- dissolve in fat and are stored in the body. Found in oils, green vegetables, milk, eggs

Water Soluble Vitamins- do not stay in the body long. Are not stored in the body and must be eaten more often. Found in fruits and vegetables

Enriched Foods- Having had vitamins and minerals that were lost in the processing restored to them.

Fortified Foods- Vitamins and minerals that do not occur naturally are added to them.

Minerals

Minerals are non living chemical substances that comes from the soil.

Plants store minerals in their stems and leaves

Animals get minerals when they eat plants

The human body does not make minerals on its own- we need to get them from the foods we eat.

2 groupsMajor Minerals- 250 milligrams of each

every day-Calcium-Magnesium-Phosphorus-Sodium- Potassium-Chloride-Sulfur

Trace Minerals- Do not need nearly as much as major- but they are just as important as major

Iron Zinc Copper Iodine Fluoride

Osteoporosis- too little Calcium Hypertension- too much Sodium Anemia- too little Iron

Electrolytes-Sodium/Potassium which regulate water balance

 

Calorie- a measure of the energy content of food.

Hyperglycemia- blood sugar too high

Hypoglycemia- blood sugar too low

Ephedra- substance that increases metabolism. It is banned in US