Water Testing Manual

Water QualityTesting FiledGuideline ManualGoB- UNICEF - Arsenic Rehabilitation Project

†jLv I m¤úv`bv :

BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` Avjx, A·dvg

mn‡hvMxZvq :

BwÄwbqvi weKvk P›`ª miKvi, A·dvg I BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` bvBgyj, A·dvg

cÖhyw³MZ mnvqZv`vbKvix :

BwÄwbqvi Beªvwng G‡KGg, Rb¯^v¯’¨ cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi I BwÄwbqvi ‡gvnv¤§` mvBdzi ingvb, Rb¯^v¯’¨ cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi

gvK© G ejUb, BD‡b‡md I †gvnv¤§` gvBbyj Bmjvg, BD‡b‡md I ‰mq` Av`bvb Be‡b nvwKg, BD‡b‡md

‡gvnv¤§` gwbiæj Avjg, BD‡b‡md I ibwRZ `vk, A·dvg I W. kvgxg, Gwkqv Av‡m©wbK †bUIqv©K

mnvqZvKvix ms¯’v : GgGgGm Ges Gm‡KGm

d‡Uv : †gvnv¤§` Avjx, ‡gvnv¤§` bvBgyj, A·dvg

cÖ”Q` : †gvnv¤§` Avjx, A·dvg

Writing and Editing:Engr. Mohammad Ali, Public Health Engineer Coordinator, Oxfam

Cooperated by:Engr. Bikash Chandra Sarker, Public Health Engineer, OxfamEngr. Md. Nimul, Monitoring Officer (Technical), Oxfam

Technical Contributors: Engr. Ibrahim AKM, SE, Ground Water Circle,Department of Public Health EngineeringEngr. Md. Saifur Rahman, EE, Arsenic Cell, Department of Public Health Engineering Mark A Bolton, Water Quality and Water Supply Specialist, UnicefFiroj Alam, WASH Officer, UnicefMd Mainul Islam, WASH Officer, UnicefSyed Adnan Ibna Hakim, UnicefMohammad Monirul Alam, WASH Specialist, Unicef Ranajit Das, PHP Coordinator, Oxfam Dr. Shamim, AAN

Courtesy: MMS & SKS

Photo Credit: Mohammad Ali, Md. Nimul – Oxfam

Cover Design: Mohammad Ali, Oxfam

welq mg~n c„ôv

1 cvwb cixÿv Ges Z_¨ msMÖn I cÖiY Kivi wbqgvejx

K) g~j/ Mather wUDe‡q‡ji ‡ÿ‡Î KiYxq

L) cvk¦e©Zx wewfbœ MfxiZvi 3wU wUDe‡q‡ji ‡ÿ‡Î KiYxq

M) cvk¦e©Zx Ab¨ 7wU Rb¨ ‡ÿ‡Î KiYxq

2 SMS Kivi wbqg

3 cvwb cixÿv DcKi‡bi ZvwjKv

4 Water table ev cvwbi ¯Íi cwigvc Kivi Dcvq

5 Water Point Depth ev wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv cwigvc Kivi Dcvq

6 Purgin ev cvwb cixÿv Kivi Rb¨ cvwb bgybv mMÖ‡ni Dcvq

7 Av‡mwb©K cixÿvi avc mg~n

8 cvwb‡Z g¨v½vwbR (Mn) cixÿvi avcmg~n

9 cvwb‡Z Avqib cixÿv Kivi wbqgvejx

10 mZ©KZv

11 gv‡V hvIqvi Av‡M cÖ¯‘wZ

12 †gvev‡ji Gcm Gi gva¨‡g GPS Location wb©Yq ev †KvwW‡bU wb©Yq

cvwb cixÿv Ges Z_¨ msMÖn I cÖiY Kivi wbqgvejx

K) g~j/ Mather wUDe‡q‡ji ‡ÿ‡Î

Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e 01) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii bvg 02) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii wcZv/ ¯^vgxi bvg 03) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii †gvevBj b¤^i 04) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii RvZxq cwiPq cÎ bs 05) MÖv‡gi bvg

ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e 01) wUDe‡q‡ji Kvh©KvixZv 02) wUDe‡q‡ji cøvUdi‡gi Ae¯’v 03) wUDe‡q‡ji AvBwW-i Ae¯’v 04) wbKUe©Zx ‡jwUªb †_‡K wUDe‡q‡ji `~iZ¡

cwigvc Ki‡Z n‡e 01) Water table ev cvwbi ¯Íi 02) Water Point Depth ev wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv 03) cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©K cwigvb 04) cvwb‡Z g¨v½vwbR (Mn) cwigvb 05) cvwb‡Z Avqib cwigvb 06) GPS Location wb©Yq

L) cvk¦e©Zx wewfboe MfxiZvi 3wU wUDe‡q‡ji Rb¨ g~j/ Mather wUDe‡q‡ji gZ GKB Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|

M) cvk¦e©Zx Ab¨ 7wU Rb¨ g~j/ Mather wUDe‡q‡ji gZ GKB Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e:

Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e 06) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii bvg 07) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii wcZv/ ¯^vgxi bvg 08) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii †gvevBj b¤^i 09) †Kqvi‡UKv‡ii RvZxq cwiPq cÎ bs 10) MÖv‡gi bvg

ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e 05) wUDe‡q‡ji Kvh©KvixZv 06) wUDe‡q‡ji cøvUdi‡gi Ae¯’v 07) wbKUe©Zx ‡jwUªb †_‡K wUDe‡q‡ji `~iZ¡

cwigvc Ki‡Z n‡e 01) Water table ev cvwbi ¯Íi=> g~j/ Mather wUDe‡q‡j hv cvIqv †M‡Q Zv wjL‡Z n‡e 02) Water Point Depth ev wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv => ‡Kqvi‡UKv‡ii ev gvwj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K ï‡bwb‡Z n‡e 03) cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©K cwigvb 04) GPS Location wb©Yq

04

SMS Kivi wbqgcÖwZwU wUDe‡q‡ji Z_¨ 2wU SMS gva¨‡g DPHE - cvVv‡Z n‡e | 11 wU wUDe‡q‡ji Rb¨ 22wU SMSKi‡Z n‡e |

SMS -1 FORMAT:Q<20digit WPID>V<2digit Well verification/assesment type>A<2~5digit ArsenicValue>I<2~5digit Iron Value>M<2~5digit Manganese Value>

g~j ev Mather Gi Water point ID: 2009-1-05-04-65-28-13-00-138 Gi cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©Kcwigvb 0.05 mg/l, cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©K cwigvb 0.2 mg/l , cvwb‡Z g¨v½vwbR (Mn) cwigvb 2.0 mg/l n‡j,cÖ_g SMS n‡e|

g~j ev Mather Gi ‡ÿ‡Î V c‡i 00 Ab¨vb¨ 10wUi ‡ÿ‡Î Zvi wmwiqvj b¤^i ( †hgb: 01 A_ev 02 ...10)wjL‡Z n‡e

Q20091050465281300138V00A0.05I0.2M2

SMS -2 FORMAT:P<20digit WPID>V<2digit Well verification/assesment type>F< 1digitFunctionality>T<2~5digit Water Table>D<2~5digit Tubewell Depth>

g~j ev Mather Gi Water point ID: 2009-1-05-04-65-28-13-00-138 Gi cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©Kcwigvb 0.05 mg/l, Water table ev cvwbi ¯Íi 25 , Water Point Depth ev wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv 150wdU n‡j, wØZxq SMS n‡e|

P20091050465281300138V00F2T25D150

SMS f~j Ki‡j

mwVK SMS Av‡M ïay R †hvM K‡i Avevi cvVv‡Z n‡e

SMS -1 FORMAT:RQ<20digit WPID>V<2digit Well verification/assesment type>A<2~5digit ArsenicValue>I<2~5digit Iron Value>M<2~5digit Manganese Value>

RQ20091050465281300138V00A0.05I0.2M2

SMS -2 FORMAT:RP<20digit WPID>V<2digit Well verification/assesment type>F< 1digitFunctionality>T<2~5digit Water Table>D<2~5digit Tubewell Depth>

RP20091050465281300138V00F2T25D150

05

06

cvwb cixÿv DcKi‡bi ZvwjKv

µwgK bs weeiY cwigvb

01 Av‡m©wbK wKU eK&ª 2 wU

02 Avqib wKU eK&ª 01 wU

03 g¨v½vwbR wKU e· 01 wU

04 ¯øvB‡iÄ 2 wU

05 n¨vP‡Kv †eë 01 wU

06 cø¨vm 01 wU

15 gviZzj 01 wU

07


01 cvBe †iÂ 01 wU

08 eªvk 2 wU

09 Avqib eªvk 01 wU

10 A‡Uv †PK f¨vj¦ 01 wU

11 bvU I ‡evë 04 wU

12 G‡gv wgUvi 01 wU

13 evjwZ 01 wU

08


14 Szwo 01 wU

16 bvUvB (myZv mn) 01 wU

17 is †KŠUv 2 wU

18 wdZv 01 wU

19 Zviwcb 01 ‡evZj

20 ‡gvevBj (wmg mn) wmgdwb/m¨vgmvs 01 wU

21 MvBW jvBb 01 wU

09


22 ev‡KU 01 wU

23 Zvi 40 wdU

24 wUm¨y 01 eK&ª

25 ZvIj 01 wU

10

Water table evcvwbi ¯Íi cwigvc Kivi Dcvq

‡eB‡R †cø‡UibvU - †evë Lywj

wUDe‡q‡ji gv_v Ges †PK

fvj¦e mwi‡q ‡dwj

G‡gv wgUvi Gi mv‡_ ˆe`ywZKZv‡ii mv‡_ ms‡hvM Kwi

ˆe`ywZK Zv‡ii Acigv_v wUDe‡q‡jicvB‡ci g‡a¨ ‡mvRvfv‡e XyKv‡Z _vwK

hZÿzb cih©šÍ G‡gv wgUv‡i KvUvAe¯’vi cwie©Zb bv nq

Water table ev cvwbi ¯Íi cwigvc Kivi Dcvq

11

Water Point Depth ev wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv cwigvc Kivi Dcvq

wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv cwigvc Kivi Rb¨ bvBjb myZvi GKgv_vq fvix GK UzKiv †jvnvi `Û ‡e‡a wUDe‡q‡ji cvB‡ci g‡a¨ XyKv‡Z _vwK

hZÿzb ch©šÍ †jvnvi `ÛwU cvB‡ci †kl As‡k ‡cŠQv‡bv c©hšÍ bvBjb myZv Qvo‡Z _vwK

Gevi m¤ú~b© bvBjb myZv ˆ`N¨ cwigvc Kwi

gvcvi myweavi‡Z cÖwZ 50 dy‡U GKwU wMU w`‡q wPý ivwL

wM‡Ui msL¨v Ges Aewkó Ask wdZv w`‡q cwigvc Kwi

‡PKfvj&fwU emvB

‡eB‡R †cø‡Ui bvU - †evë jvMvB

cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q cÖvgvBs Kwi

12

Purgin ev cvwb cixÿv Kivi Rb¨ cvwb bgybv mMÖ‡ni Dcvq

cÖwZ `k Pv‡c wK cwigvb cvwb D‡V †mUvi wnmve K‡i wK cwigvb Purgin ev wK cwigvb cvwbi ‡P‡c †dj‡Z n‡e Zv wb©bq Kivi Rb¨ 10 wjUv‡ii GKwU evjwZ fi‡Z Kqevi Pvc‡Z nq Zv wnmve Kwi|

D`vnib 01:8 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ 10 Pv‡c,1 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ 10/8 Pv‡c100 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ (10*100)/8 Pv‡c = 125 Pvc

D`vnib 02:6 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ 10 Pv‡c,1 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ 10/6 Pv‡c50 wjUvi cvwb I‡V cÖwZ (10*50)/6 Pv‡c = 83 Pvc

Dc‡ii wnmve gZK‡i cvwb Pv‡c †d‡j, cvwbi bgybv msMÖn Kwi

cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q cÖvgvBs Kwi

wUDe‡q‡ji MfxiZv I Purgin Gi cvwb cwigv‡ci wfwË‡Z wUDe‡q‡ji cvBwci mg¯Í cvwb DwV‡q †dj‡Z n‡e | cªwZ 3 wdU MfxiZvi Rb¨ GK wjUvi cvwb Zz‡j †dj‡Z n‡e| †hgb 300wdU Mfxi n‡j 100 wjUvi cvwb †P‡c †dj‡Z n‡e|

13

cvwb‡Z Av‡mwb©K (As) cixÿvi avcmg~n t

Av‡mwb©K cixÿvi avc mg~n t

avc 01 t GKwU †Uwe‡j wKU e‡·i DcKib¸wj mvwR‡q †bB

avc 02 t cwi¯‹vi cv‡Î/Møvm cvwb msMÖn Kwi|

avc 03 t †evZj cvwb w`‡q cwi¯‹vi K‡i 50 wgwj cvwb wb‡Z n‡e| (`vM eivei)

avc 04 t wewµqv †evZ‡j †Mvjvcx is Gi 1 PvgyP wi-G‡R›U †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e (Tartaric Acid)

avc 05 t jvj †Kc jvwM‡q 15 †m‡KÛ/ evi SuvKv‡Z n‡e Dci †_‡K wb‡P|

avc 06 t wewµqv †evZ‡j jvj PvgyP Gi 1 PvgyP wi-G‡R›U †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e

avc 07 t cy‡e©i gZ 15 †m‡KÛ SuvKv‡Z n‡e| Dci †_‡K wb‡P (Potassium Peroxymono per sulfate) GLb 2 wgwbU A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici mv`v Uv‡iU XvKbvi mv‡_ Av‡m©wbK cixÿv óªxchy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

14

avc 08 t mv`v ‡Kc XvKbvwU Aek¨B ïK‡bv n‡Z n‡e| gviKvwi ‡eªvgvU Gi B‡óc (†ccvi) mv`v is Gi †K‡ci g‡a¨ Ggb fv‡e ̄ ’vcb Kwi †hb jvj AskwU evwn‡ii w`‡K _v‡K|

avc 09 t wewµqv †evZ‡j mv`v PvgyP- Gi 1 PvgyP wi- G‡R›U †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e Ges 5 †mt SvKv‡Z n‡e (Zinc) Gici `ªæZ jvj XvKbvwU Ly‡j mv`v ‡KcwU XvKbvwU jvMv‡Z n‡e|

avc 10 t Zvici 10 wgwbU A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡eGes 12 wgwb‡Ui †ewk bq Gi g‡a¨ cixÿv óªxcwU †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 11 t 30 †mt Gi g‡a¨B Av‡m©wbK KvjviPv‡U©i m‡½ wgwj‡q wb‡Z n‡e|

avc 12 t cixÿvi óªxc¸‡jv used packet G ivL‡Z n‡e|

avc 13 t is Kivi Av‡M wUDe‡q‡ji gyLwU †jvnvi eªvm w`‡q N‡l †bB

15

cvwb‡Z g¨v½vwbR (Mn) cixÿvi avcmg~n t

avc 14 t Av‡m©wb‡Ki gvÎv 0.05 wg.wj. MÖvg/ wjUvi Gi †ekx n‡j Zv jvj is Kwi

avc 14 t Av‡m©wb‡Ki gvÎv 0.05 wg.wj. MÖvg/ wjUvi Gi Kg ev mgvb n‡j Zv meyR is Kwi

avc 01 t cÖ_‡g cvwb msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e (cvwb w`‡q cvÎwU cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e)

avc 02 t cÖ_g wUD‡e 5 wgwj wb‡Z n‡e|

16

avc 03 t 1g wUDwU e‡· evg wQ‡`ª emv‡Z n‡e|

avc 04 t †evZ‡ji Mjv ch©šÍ cvwb wb‡Z n‡e|

avc 05 t †evZ‡j 1bs wi-G‡R›U (evdvi) †gkv‡Z n‡e Ges 10-15 evi SvuKv‡Z n‡e|

avc 06 t †evZ‡ji gyL eÜ K‡I 10-15 evi SvuKv‡Z n‡e|

avc 07 t †evZ‡j 2bs wi-G‡R›U †mvwWqvg cviAvq‡WU) †gkv‡Z n‡e

avc 08 t 10-15 evi SuvKv‡Z n‡e|

avc 09 t 1 wgwbU ivL‡Z n‡e| cvwb‡Z g¨v½vwbR _vK‡j Zv †Mvjvcx is avib Ki‡e

avc 10 t †gkv‡bv cvwb w`‡q wØZxq †UówUDe cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|

17

avc 11 t 2q wUD‡e G †evZ‡ji cvwb 5 wgwj wb‡Z n‡e

avc 12 t Kvjvi g¨vwPs Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 13 t djvdj wba©vib Ki‡Z n‡e (Av‡jvi w`‡K ai‡Z n‡e)|

avc 14 t wi-G‡R›U wgkv‡bv cvwb gqjvhy³ ¯‘c/†Wª‡b †dj‡Z n‡e|

avc 15 t wUDe `yBwU cwi¯‹vi cvwb w`‡q ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e|

avc 16 t mKj DcKiYmn e· msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|

18

cvwb‡Z Avqib (Fe) cixÿvi avcmg~n t

cvwb‡Z Avqib cixÿv Kivi wbqgvejx t

avc 01 t wKUe·mn gv`vi bjKz‡ci wbKU †h‡Z n‡e|

avc 02 t cwi¯‹vi cvÎ/Møvm/g‡M cvwb msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 03 t e‡·i wfZ‡i Kvjvi wW· †mU Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 04 t ̀ yBwU wUDe mswkøó cvwb Øviv cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 05 t 1g wUD‡e 05 wgwj cvwb wb‡q e‡· evg wQ‡`ª emv‡Z n‡e|

avc 06 t 1g wUDwU e‡· evg wQ‡`ª emv‡Z n‡e|

avc 07 t 2q wUD‡e 05 wgwj cvwb wbB |

19

avc 08 t wi-G‡R›U Gi c¨v‡KU KvUv wPwýZ¯’v‡b wQi‡Z n‡e|

avc 09 t wi-G‡R›U Gi c¨v‡KU KvUv wPwýZ¯’vb dvKv K‡i wb‡q 2q wUD‡e my›`ifv‡e †X‡j w`‡Z n‡e|

avc 10 t 2q wUD‡ei gyL/KK© AvUwK‡q 5-7 SuvKwb w`‡Z n‡e| cvwb‡Z Avqib _vK‡j Zv jvj eY© avib Ki‡e|

avc 11 t 2q wUDewU e‡·i 2q wQ‡`ª emv‡Z n‡e|

avc 12 t Av‡jv‡Z Kvjvi wW· Nywi‡q Avqib g¨vwPs Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 13 t cwi¯‹vi djvdj wm‡U †bvU Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 14 t wi-G‡R›U wgkv‡bv cvwbgqjvhy³ ¯‘c/†Wª‡b †dj‡Z n‡e|

20

mZ©KZv:

gv‡V hvIqvi Av‡M cÖ¯‘wZ:

1) eëüZ wi -G‡R‡›Ui c¨v‡KU †hLv‡b †mLv‡b †djv hv‡e bv| Avjv`v cwje¨v‡M Zv Awd‡m enY K‡i

Avb‡Z n‡e Ges †m¸‡jv wb©w`ó ¯’v‡b †dj‡Z n‡e|

2) Qvqvhy³ RvqMvq wKU e· ivwL

3) cixÿvi ¯’vb n‡Z wkï‡ì `~‡i ivwL

4) Kuv‡Pi wUDe I †evZj mveav‡b eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|

1) mg¯Í gvjvgvj †PKwjU a‡i wgwj‡q †bB|

2) ‡gvevB‡j h‡_ó cwigv‡b UvKv Av‡Q wKbv Zv †`‡L †bB|

3) ‡gvevB‡j h‡_ó Pv©R Av‡Q wKbv Zv †`‡L †bB|

avc 15 t wUDe `yBwU cwi¯‹vi cvwbw`‡q ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e|

avc 16 t mKj DcKiYmn e·msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|

21

†gvev‡ji Gcm Gi gva¨‡g GPS Location wb©Yq ev †KvwW‡bU wb©Yq

avc 01: GPS Test – GcmwU Ly‡R †eiKwi|

avc 02: GPS Test – GcmwU On Kwi|

avc 03: 5 wgwbU †Lvjv AvKv‡mi wb‡P `vovB

avc 04: 5 wgwbU `vov‡bvi ci GiKg†`L‡eb

avc 05: Dc‡ii gZ †ekx †m‡UjvB‡Ui mv‡_ms‡hvM n‡j 2q Adm‡b wKwé Kwi Ges N IE gvbwU wj‡L †bB|

22

Water Point –Gi †KvwWs

Water Point Coding:

Year of InstallationLand use

Ownership Type

Warter Point Type

DistrictUpazilla

Union

VillageSerial Number

YYYY R OO WW ZZ TT UU VV NNN

∙ 20 Digit Code∙ Serial NUmber adjustment Upazilla wise and year wise

23

cvwb‡Z dm‡dU cix¶vi avcmg~n

DcKimg~n

cøvw÷K cvÎ

wiG‡R›U

Kvjvi K¤cv‡iUi

24

avcmg~n wPÎ

avc 1t cÖ_‡g GKwU cwi®‹vi cv‡Î cvwb msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 2t cøvw÷K cv‡Îi XvKbv Ly‡j 10 wgwj `vM ch©šÍ cvwb †bB|

avc 3t 1 c¨v‡KU dm‡dU wiG‡R›U cøvw÷K cv‡Îi g‡a¨ Xvwj|

avc 4t cøvw÷K cv‡Îi XvKbv jvwM‡q 10-15 evi SvwK‡q cvwbi mv‡_ wi G‡R›U fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q †bB|

avc 5t 1 wgwbU †i‡L †`B|

25

cÖ_g †U‡÷ hw` dm‡dU Gi gvÎv 5 Gi †ewk nq Zvn‡j Avevi 2q av‡c †U÷ Ki‡Z n‡e|

avc 6t 1 wgwbU c‡i Kvjvi K¤cv‡iUi cv‡Îi g‡a¨ wiG‡R›U hy³ cvwb Xvwj|

avc 7t Kvjvi g¨vwPs Kwi|

avc 1t cøvw÷K cvÎwU fv‡jvfv‡e cvwb w`‡q cwi®‹vi K‡i †bB|

avc 2t cøvw÷K cv‡Î 5 wgwj `vM ch©šÍ cvwb †bB|

avc 3t Gici 5 wgwj WvBI•vBW cvwb †bB|

avc 4t 1 c¨v‡KU dm‡dU wiG‡R›U cøvw÷K cv‡Îi g‡a¨ Xvwj

26

avc 5t cøvw÷K cv‡Îi XvKbv jvwM‡q 10-15 evi SvwK‡q cvwbi mv‡_ wi G‡R›U fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q †bB|avc 6t 1 wgwbU †i‡L †`B|avc 7t 1 wgwbU c‡i Kvjvi K¤cv‡iUi cv‡Îi g‡a¨ wi G‡R›U cvwb Xvwj|avc 8t Kvjvi g¨vwPs Kwi|

Water Testing Manual

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