Water sampling for line people
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Transcript of Water sampling for line people
SAMPLING IN A BOTTLING FACTORY
George Dialynas
a Seminar for Line People
Specific feature
• In bottling facilities, a great part of the samples do not need to be “extracted” and put into a container: the end-product itself (a bottle of water) is the sample
• Then, 2 sampling procedures– Water before bottling and in the facility– Bottled water
Organize sampling in factory: water before bottling and facilities
Select Personnel and train themSelect proper bottles/closures for the parameters
to be analyzedSelect how to package and transport samplesSelect equipment for preservation and preventing
undesirable changes to the samples, until the time of the analysis Target: the sample analyzed should be representative of the water and facility at the moment of sampling
Organize sampling in factory: bottles Select Personnel and train themSelect the number and timing of filled bottles to be
analyzedSelect materials for packaging and transportation Select equipment for preservation and preventing undesirable changes to the samples, until the time of the analysis
Target: the sample analyzed should be representative of the bottled water at the moment of sampling
A. Bottling Factory
Quality control in the following points:• Source water• Storage tank (if any)• Before and after each permitted Treatment
/Filtration• Fillers• Final Product from the production line (after
filling)• Finished product warehouse• Sampling-analysis during and after cleaning-
disinfecting the production and the filling line
Where Do We Sample?
Sampling frequency
POINTS OF SAMPLINGCONTROL-MONITORING
TYPE OF ANALYSIS VOLUME PRODUCTION
FREQUENCYOF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
WATER RESOURCESPRING/DRILLING
WELL/PUMPING STATION
OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
COMPLETE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
TABLE WATER, 4 TIMES /YEAR)
SAMPLING TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MINIMUM 4 TIMES PER YEAR
SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
≤20 m3/day ONCE PER YEAR
≤50 m3/day ONCE PER MONTH
≤100 m3/day ONCE PER 4 DAYS
≥100 m3/day 1 for each 5 m3/day and part thereof of the total volume
TANKS OF STORAGE OR SAMPLING TAP BEFORE THE FILTRATION
SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
INTERMEDIATE FILTERS OR TREATMENT (IF > THAN 1 )
OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
FINAL TANK STORAGE OR SAMPLING TAP AFTER FILTRATION
SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
BOTTLING OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*) AT LEAST ONCE DAILY TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS (*)
AFTER BOTTLING OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSISCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
(*)
REGULAR SAMPLING FOR TABLE WATER
CRITICAL LIMITS : QUALITY OF WATER GUIDELINES 98/83-EU (*) DEFINED BY THE PROGRAM FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL AND BY THE PRODUCTION MANAGER
Sampling frequency
POINTS OF SAMPLINGCONTROL-MONITORING TYPE OF ANALYSIS VOLUME
PRODUCTIONFREQUENCYOF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
WATER RESOURCESPRING/DRILLING
WELL/PUMPING STATION
OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
COMPLETED CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MINIMUM 1 PER YEAR
SAMPLING TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MINIMUM FOUR TIMES PER YEAR
SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
≤20 m3/day ONCE PER YEAR
≤50m3/day ONCE PER MONTH
≤100m3/day ONCE PER 4 DAYS
≥100m3/day 1 for each 5 m3/dayand part thereof of the total volume
TANKS OF STORAGE SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
FILTERS OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
DISINFECTION SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
FINAL TANK STORAGE SAMPLING MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)
BOTTLING OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (*)AT LEAST ONCE DAILY
TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS (*)
AFTER BOTTLING OPTICAL CONTROLSAMPLING
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSISCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
(*)
REGULAR SAMPLING FOR MINERAL WATER
CRITICAL LIMITS : QUALITY OF WATER GUIDELINES 98/83-EU (*) DEFINED BY THE PROGRAM FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL AND BY THE PRODUCTION MANAGER
How and where to sample?
Don’t forget: for microbiological analysis5 empty bottles and 5-10 caps are necessary
For Microbiological Analysis:
Before Bottling: • Choose proper sampling tap (faucet), • “burn” the outlet of the tap with a piece of cotton, moistened with alcohol. After 5-
10 minutes sample can be taken• If the faucet has not been used for a long time, leave it flowing for a minute to take a
fresh-representative sample
Materials: Glass bottles of 1000 mL, with special glass caps, For pathogens’ analysis use more bottles for at least 4000 mLFor disinfected water with residual chlorine, add 0.3 mL of solution of Na2S2O3
(3%w/v), per 500 mL of sample
Sampling water from a tap for microbiological analysis
1. Carefully clean and disinfect the inside and
outside of the tap.
2. Open the tap and let water flow for 2-3 minutes or until the water temperature
has stabilized.
5. Take a water sample with the
sample container
3. Turn off the tap and sterilize the spout by heating it with a blow lamp, gas torch or by
igniting a piece of cotton wool soaked
with methylated spirits until any water in the tap
boils.
4. Take care not to allow the container to touch the tap.
How and where do we sample?
* Do not extract consecutive bottles from the line
take samples:After bottles are closed (capped)*
5 bottles of each product (0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 8, 10, 12, 20 liter) after the point of capping
Finished products from storage
5 bottles of each product (0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 8, 10, 12, 20 liter) from the same lot.
After Bottling (finished product and storage)
General Requirements1. Meet the requirements of the sampling program2. Handle sample so that it does not deteriorate or
become contaminated or compromised before being analyzed
3. Ensure sampling equipments are clean and its quality assured before using them
4. Use clean and free of contaminants sample containers
General Requirements5. Pre-rinse sample containers with water to be
sampled 6. Make a record of every sample collected and
identify every single bottle7. Label bottles and document sufficient
information for sample identification8. Before collecting samples from distribution
systems, flush lines with 3-5 pipe volumes (or until water is being drawn from the main source)
Do not open the sample container
until just before taking the water sample
At no time should the sampler’s
fingers come in contact with the
inside of the sample container
Collect samples for microbiological
examination in sterile containers
The time between collection and the start of analysis shall not exceed 24 hours, with
minimum possible mixing of the
sample
Use a new pair of rubber gloves for each sample
Sterilize the gloves if not sterilized
ΜΕΘΟΔΟΛΟΓΙΑREMARKS for PERSONEL IN CHARGE OF SAMPLING
Sampling bottled water
1. Take samples of bottled water carefully
2. Ensure always that the bottled water
samples are filled and capped correctly
6. Keep aware the responsible person for
the sampling, the sending and delivery of the samples to the lab
3. Be sure that a label has been put on the sample, with all the
information required
4. Keep the sample in the refrigerator
until the moment of sending the sample
to the lab
Target: the quality of the samples analyzed should be representative of the water quality at the moment of sampling.
5. Samples should be placed on ice in an insulated container until delivering the samples to the lab
Documentation and sufficient information for sample identification (indicative)
Put labels in any sample(including bar-code labels) - every sample a unique identification number Include - name of the sample collector - date and exact time- exact location of sampling- sample type- kind of analysis to be performed - water temperature during sampling
• Bacteria do not survive well in water• Temperature can affect bacteria survival• Samples should be placed on ice in an insulated
container if they cannot be tested right away• Ideally – all samples should be tested within 6 hours of
sampling• If the time exceeds 6 hours, note this in your report• Samples exceeding 30 hours (between collection and
testing) should be avoided to be tested and in any case note this in your report
Transporting Samples
SELECTING PROPER MATERIALS OF THE SAMPLING BOTTLES/CONTAINERS
• For chemical analysis: PET or Glass Bottle
• For pesticides-herbicides analysis: Glass dark bottle or covered with dark cover. If bottled in PET, decant immediately in a glass bottle
• For radioactivity measurement: PET or glass bottle. Acidize the sample to pH 2.5-3.0 with an acid (e.g. ΗΝΟ3, ΗCl)
Thank you!!