WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT & UTILIZATION IN WESTERN INDIA

ARAVAZHI.TBTE-06-002

India’s Water Budget

Annual precipitation - 4000 km3 Annual flow per year for the Indian rivers

-1953 km3. Annual replenishable groundwater

resources -432 km3 Annual utilizable surface water 690 km3

per year Annual groundwater resources 396 km3

per year Cherrapunji -Highest Rainfall in the world

Western India

   

Major Rivers Of Western India 

Name of the River Length(km) Catchment Area(sq km)

Sabarmati 371 21674

Mahi 583 34842

Narmada 1312 98796

Tapti 724 65145

Mahanadi 851 141589

Godavari 1465 312812

Basin Wise Average Flow And Utilizable Water

Name of the River Average annual flow (km³/yr)

Utilizable flow (km³/yr)

Sabarmati 3.81 3.81

Mahi 11.02 3.1

Narmada 45.64 34.5

Tapti 14.88 14.5

Mahanadi 28.48 18.3

Godavari 110.54 76.3

Rainfall Conditions

Annual rainfall of less than 500 mm is experienced in western Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat.

Some parts of Western Rajastan receives annual rainfall of less than 100 mm.

Nearly 80 per cent of the land in the Konkan, which receives the highest rainfall on the West Coast.

Average Annual Rainfall Of The Western States

State Meteorological Divisions

Average annual rainfall (mm)

Gujarat Gujarat region Saurashtra and Kachchh

1,107578

Goa Konkan and Goa 3,005

Maharashtra Konkan and GoaMadhya MaharashtraMarathwadaVidarbha

3,005901882

1,034

Rajasthan West RajasthanEast Rajasthan

313675

Irrigation Sources

Name of the state

Canals wells Tanks Other Sources (%)

Total gross irrigated Area (1000 ha)No % No % No %

Goa 12 33 - - 24 67 - 36

Gujarat 720 20 2871 79 35 1 - 3643

Maharastra 521 - - - 321 - - 3002

Rajastan 2200 33 4266 63 218 3 1 6743

D & N haveli (UT)

1 3 34 - - - 25 4

Irrigation Projects

Name of the state Major irrigation projects Medium Irrigation projects

Goa 1 2

Gujarat 22 132

Maharastra 66 273

Rajastan 10 101

Recharge Of Aquifers

In western india’s unconfined alluvial aquifers, it is being

increasingly realized that groundwater depletion can be

countered only by importing surface water.

Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP)

The purpose of the project is to identify reliable sources of

water of sufficient quantity and quality to supply.

Gross Irrigated Area

State Geographical area (m ha)

Gross Area under

cultivation (m ha)

Gross area

irrigated (m ha)

Gross area irrigated to gross area

cultivated (%)

Net area irrigated (m ha)

Goa 0.37 0.165 0.036 21.1 0.023

Gujarat 19.602 10.082 3.655 36.253 3.002

Maharastra 30.771 21.327 3.149 14.765 2.567

Rajastan 34.24 19.672 6.361 2.335 5.232

D & N haveli

0.049 0.027 0.005 18.519 0.005

Daman & Diu

0.011 0.005 0.001 20 0.001

State wise Ultimate Irrigation Potential & Potential Created

state Ultimate potetial % of PC to UIP

MMI MI-Surface MI-Groundwater

MMI MI-Surface

MI-Groundwater

Gujarat 3000 347 2756 47.67 134.87 87.59

Maharashtra 4100 1200 3652 79.00 141.17 97.37

Rajastan 2750 600 1778 90.25 34.83 260.46

State Wise Growth Rate In Groundwater Irrigated Area(1960-1

to 2002-3)

State 1960-1 to 1980-1 1980-1 to 2002-03 1960-1 to 2002-3

Gujarat 6.50 2.35 4.05

Maharashtra 3.35 3.18 2.79

Rajasthan 3.24 4.22 3.55

Reference

http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/sep102005/794.pdf

http://www.iwrs.in/iwr.htm

A.M.Michael “Irrigation theory & practice”

A. Narayanamoorthy “Trends in Irrigated Area in India: 1950-51

to 2002-03”