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Vocabulary Activity

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DIRECTIONS: Fill in the Blanks Select a term from below to complete each

of the following sentences.

1. The constant movement of water, a process known as the

, can be broken into steps: first, of water occurs in

which liquid water changes into . In high, cool air,

of water vapor occurs, and clouds are formed. , such

as rain, snow, or sleet, falls back to Earth.

2. is a combination of temperature, wind, and water effects in the Pacific

Ocean.

3. Mid-latitude climates include two coastal climates,

and , as

well as the inland and the

, found near the Tropics.

4. In the , or the regions near the Equator, you may find a lush

of tall trees with canopies that block the sun or

a broad grassland area with few trees called a .

5. Under the earth’s surface, can accumulate in an , or

a rock layer that water flows through.

6. is what a day is like outside, but is what most days

are like this time of year in this area.

7. The first step in managing water supplies is , or the careful use of resources.

8. are places where the plants and animals are dependent upon one another

and their surroundings for survival.

marine west coast climate condensation El Niño climatehumid subtropical climate Tropics rain forest water cycle

Mediterranean climate evaporation water vapor aquiferhumid continental climate savanna groundwater weather

precipitation conservation ecosystems

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WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Chapter Map Activity

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N

E

S

W

The W

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d: O

cean C

urr

ents

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WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Chapter Map Activity

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N

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The W

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Word Unscramble

Directions: Look at the letters below. Unscramble the letters to form important

terms from this chapter. After you unscramble the term, write a definition for that

term without using your textbook.

1. N O D C S A N N T I E O

2. L I C A G R E

3. T R A H E W E

4. P P T E E S

5. V A N S N A A

6. L M A E T C I

7. V E A P T O R A I N O

8. M S T Y C O E S E

9. D R U T N A

10. S S I I P C D T E E

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WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Take-Home Review Activity (continued)

Name Date Class

There are an average of 100 different species of large trees in a singleacre of rain forest.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

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HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY ACTIVITIES

Name Date Class

GEOGRAPHY AND THE WORLD

Guided Reading Activity 1

Name Date Class Name Date Class

WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

The Water Planet

DIRECTIONS: Reading for Accuracy Reading the section and completing the

activity below will help you learn more about Earth’s water. Use your textbook to

decide if a statement is true or false. Write T or F, and if a statement is false, rewrite

it correctly.

1. The three forms of water found on the earth are liquid, ice, and water vapor.

2. The total amount of water on the earth is always changing.

3. The water cycle is the movement of water from surfaces of lakes, rivers, andoceans to the air; then to the ground; and then back to the oceans.

4. Cold air can hold more water vapor than warm air.

5. Condensation occurs when warm air rises and cools, losing its ability to hold humidity.

6. People and fish are the only creatures that really need water.

7. There is more water found in lakes and rivers than in groundwater.

8. Glaciers and polar ice caps hold about 2 percent of the earth’s freshwater.

9. About 95 percent of the earth’s water is salt water.

10. The four major oceans are the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic.

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Guided Reading Activity 2

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WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Climate

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DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks Reading the section and completing

the sentences below will help you learn more about climate. Refer to your text-

book to fill in the blanks.

(1) describes the unpredictable changes in air that occur

over a short period of time. (2) is the usual, predictable pattern

of weather in a certain area over a long period of time. It is affected by the sun, wind,

ocean currents, (3) , and people. Scientists look at the extremes

of (4) and precipitation in order to understand the

(5) of an area.

Climate is also affected by the (6) at which the

(7) rays hit the earth. The areas near the Equator are known

as the (8) . Here you would almost always experience a hot

climate. (9) are seasonal winds that blow over continents for

months at a time, mainly in (10) and Africa. Thunderstorms

may produce dangerous (11) , or funnel-shaped windstorms.

(12) form when cold winds from the east are weak. When the

winds from the east are strong, (13) occur.

The warm current called the (14) flows along the east

coast of North America and crosses to Europe, where it is called the

(15) . The climate on the (16) side of

mountains is moist and foggy, making vegetation very green. By the time the air moves

over the top, it becomes cool and dry, creating a (17) .

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GEOGRAPHY AND THE WORLD

Guided Reading Activity 3

Name Date Class Name Date Class

WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

Climate Zones and Vegetation

DIRECTIONS: Answering Questions Reading the section and answering the

questions below will help you learn about climate zones and vegetation. Refer to

your textbook to write the answers.

1. What are the two types of tropical climate regions?

2. What is the main difference between the two tropical climates?

3. What are the different types of climates found in the mid-latitude region?

4. Which climate has a strong growth of deciduous trees and coniferous forests?

5. Where are the high latitude climates located?

6. What is a tundra?

7. What are the only things that can grow in the ice cap climate?

8. How much rainfall do the driest climates receive?

9. Describe the steppe climate.

10. What is the timberline?

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GEOGRAPHY AND THE WORLD

Guided Reading Activity 4

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WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION

An Environmental Balance

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DIRECTIONS: Answering Questions Reading the section and answering

the questions below will help you learn more about how people can affect the

environment. Use your textbook to write answers to the questions.

1. What are the four basic parts of the earth’s physical geography?

2. What are the three global effects of air pollution?

3. What happens when the chemicals in air pollution combine with precipitation?

4. How does deforestation affect topsoil?

5. Why do some farmers practice crop rotation?

6. About what percent of the world’s freshwater is used for farming?

7. What two steps are involved in managing water supplies?

8. How can the pesticides that farmers use to help increase food production also be harmful?

9. What are ecosystems?

10. What is included in a wetland’s biodiversity?