Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

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Water Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20 Chapters 13, 8, & 20

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Transcript of Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Page 1: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

WaterWater

Chapters 13, 8, & 20Chapters 13, 8, & 20

Page 2: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

WaterWater•Covers 71% of Earth’s Covers 71% of Earth’s

surfacesurface

Page 3: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Water’s ImportanceWater’s Importance•Regulates climateRegulates climate•Dilutes wasteDilutes waste•Sculpts Earth’s surfaceSculpts Earth’s surface•Major habitatMajor habitat

Page 4: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Water SupplyWater Supply

•97% salt97% salt•3% fresh3% fresh

•2.976% in ice 2.976% in ice capscaps

•0.024% 0.024% availableavailable•Groundwater, Groundwater, lakes, & riverslakes, & rivers

Page 5: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Access to Water Access to Water SupplySupply

•Women and children’s issueWomen and children’s issue•Global health issueGlobal health issue•Economic issueEconomic issue•National security issueNational security issue

Page 6: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Hydrologic CycleHydrologic Cycle•Natural recycling and Natural recycling and

purification purification •Driven by solar energy and Driven by solar energy and

gravitygravity

Page 7: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Human Affects on Human Affects on Hydrological CycleHydrological Cycle

Page 8: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Water Supply: Water Supply: GroundwaterGroundwater

•Zone of SaturationZone of Saturation• Space in soil filled with Space in soil filled with

waterwater

•Water TableWater Table• Top of zone of Top of zone of

saturation saturation

•AquifersAquifers• Natural recharge Natural recharge • Lateral rechargeLateral recharge

Page 9: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Water Supply: Surface Water Supply: Surface WaterWater

•Surface waterSurface water• Water flows across the Water flows across the

earth’s surfaceearth’s surface• Sources: precipitation & Sources: precipitation &

snow meltsnow melt

• Watershed Watershed (drainage (drainage basin)basin)• Land from where water Land from where water

drains into a particular drains into a particular waterwaywaterway

Page 10: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: US Freshwater Case Study: US Freshwater ResourcesResources

•More than enough More than enough freshwater but…freshwater but…•Unevenly Unevenly

distributeddistributed•Polluted Polluted •Droughts Droughts

Page 11: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: US Freshwater Case Study: US Freshwater ResourcesResources

•Water hotspotsWater hotspots•Identified areas Identified areas

where where competition for competition for water may water may cause conflictscause conflicts

Page 12: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: US Freshwater : US Freshwater ResourcesResources

Storages will grow due Storages will grow due to:to:

•Dry climateDry climate•DroughtsDroughts•Population Population

increasesincreases•Wasteful useWasteful use

Page 13: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: The Colorado River Case Study: The Colorado River BasinBasin

• Spans 7 statesSpans 7 states• 14 dams & 14 dams &

reservoirsreservoirs• Supplied from Supplied from

snow melt of snow melt of RockiesRockies

Page 14: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: The Colorado River Case Study: The Colorado River BasinBasin

•Many uses include:Many uses include:•Drinking waterDrinking water•ElectricityElectricity•Crop irrigationCrop irrigation•Recreation Recreation

~30 million peopleLas Vegas

Los AngelesSan Diego

Page 15: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: The Colorado River Case Study: The Colorado River BasinBasin

Major Problems:Major Problems:•Colorado basin has dry landsColorado basin has dry lands•Modest flow for sizeModest flow for size•Legal pacts allocate for more water Legal pacts allocate for more water

for human use than it can supplyfor human use than it can supply• Amount of water reaching the mouth Amount of water reaching the mouth

(Gulf of California) has dropped since (Gulf of California) has dropped since 19601960

Page 16: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

How can we increase our How can we increase our water supply?water supply?

•GroundwaterGroundwater

Page 17: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

GroundwaterGroundwater• Provides drinking water for half the Provides drinking water for half the

worldworld

•Most are renewableMost are renewable

Page 18: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 19: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

US GroundwaterUS Groundwater•Supplies:Supplies:

• Almost all rural drinking waterAlmost all rural drinking water• 1/5 of urban water1/5 of urban water

• 37% irrigation37% irrigation

•Withdrawn at 4 times the Withdrawn at 4 times the replacement levelreplacement level

Page 20: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Fig. 13.16a, p. 308

GroundwaterOverdrafts:

High

Moderate

Minor or none

Page 21: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: Case Study: Ogallala Aquifer

• Largest known aquiferLargest known aquifer•Spans 8 statesSpans 8 states

• Irrigates the Great Irrigates the Great PlainsPlains

• Slow recharge = Slow recharge = dropping water tabledropping water table

• Supplies springs – vital Supplies springs – vital habitatshabitats

Page 22: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Case Study: California Case Study: California Central ValleyCentral Valley

•Serious aquifer depletionSerious aquifer depletion•Supplies ½ the country’s fruits & Supplies ½ the country’s fruits &

veggiesveggies

Page 23: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

How can we increase our How can we increase our water supply?water supply?

•GroundwaterGroundwater•Dams & reservoirsDams & reservoirs

Page 24: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Main goal of DamsMain goal of Dams•Capture & store runoff Capture & store runoff •Release runoff:Release runoff:

•Control floodsControl floods•Generate electricityGenerate electricity•Supply irrigationSupply irrigation•Recreation Recreation

Page 25: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Three Gorges DamThree Gorges Dam• Yangtze River, ChinaYangtze River, China• World’s largest power stationWorld’s largest power station• 1994-20121994-2012

Page 26: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 27: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

How can we increase our How can we increase our water supply?water supply?

•GroundwaterGroundwater•Dams & reserviorsDams & reserviors•DesalinationDesalination

Page 28: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

DesalinationDesalination

• Removal of salt from Removal of salt from ocean waterocean water

• Processes:Processes:• Distillation (evaporate Distillation (evaporate

& condensate)& condensate)• Reverse osmosis Reverse osmosis

(microfilter)(microfilter)

Page 29: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 30: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

DesalinationDesalination•Problems:Problems:

•ExpensiveExpensive•Large amounts of energyLarge amounts of energy•Disrupts marine ecosystemsDisrupts marine ecosystems•Brine waste Brine waste

Page 31: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Ways that Humans Use WaterWays that Humans Use Water

Page 32: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Ways that Humans Use WaterWays that Humans Use Water

Page 33: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Ways that Humans Use Ways that Humans Use WaterWater

•70% is used for agriculture70% is used for agriculture•1/31/3rdrd of US water – irrigation of US water – irrigation

Page 34: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Ways that Humans Use Ways that Humans Use WaterWater

•70% is used for agriculture70% is used for agriculture•20% industry20% industry

•Electricity generationElectricity generation•Cooling machineryCooling machinery•Refining metals/paperRefining metals/paper

Page 35: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Ways that Humans Use Ways that Humans Use WaterWater

• 70% is used for 70% is used for agricultureagriculture

•20% industry20% industry•10% household 10% household

usesuses

Page 36: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 37: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 38: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.
Page 39: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Water ConservationWater Conservation•Estimated 2/3rds of water Estimated 2/3rds of water

wastedwasted•Why?Why?

1.1. Low costLow cost

2.2. Lack of governmentLack of government

incentives incentives

Page 40: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Irrigation Irrigation ConservationConservation

Page 41: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

Household Household ConservationConservation

•Fix leaksFix leaks•Landscape smartLandscape smart•Water efficient appliancesWater efficient appliances•Recycle greywaterRecycle greywater

Page 42: Water Chapters 13, 8, & 20. Water Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface.

UNIT SEVEN: Earth’s Water

UNIT SEVEN: Earth’s Water

THE EARTH’S HYDROSPHERE The Earth’s liquid water constitutes the hydrosphere. The vast majority of Earth’s water is in the oceans (salt water), with smaller,

THE EARTH’S HYDROSPHERE The Earth’s liquid water constitutes the hydrosphere. The vast majority of Earth’s water is in the oceans (salt water), with smaller,

The Water Cycle Water, water everywhere?. The Hydrosphere Oceans cover approximately 71% of Earth’s surface.

The Water Cycle Water, water everywhere?. The Hydrosphere Oceans cover approximately 71% of Earth’s surface.

1 CHAPTER 3 LIFE IN WATER. 2 Hydrological Cycle –Over 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Oceans contain over 97% of the water in the biosphere,

1 CHAPTER 3 LIFE IN WATER. 2 Hydrological Cycle –Over 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Oceans contain over 97% of the water in the biosphere,

Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface and is the dominant agent governing environmental processes. The rates of human usage of water outpace the natural.

Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface and is the dominant agent governing environmental processes. The rates of human usage of water outpace the natural.

4.3 Water, Air, & Land Resources. The Water Planet Water covers over half of Earth’s surface (71%) Saltwater Freshwater < 1% of the water on Earth is.

4.3 Water, Air, & Land Resources. The Water Planet Water covers over half of Earth’s surface (71%) Saltwater Freshwater < 1% of the water on Earth is.

The Oceans & Waves Steve Terrill/Stock Market. I. SEAWATER Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface Nature of seawaterNature of seawater.

The Oceans & Waves Steve Terrill/Stock Market. I. SEAWATER Covers 71% of Earth’s surfaceCovers 71% of Earth’s surface Nature of seawaterNature of seawater.

1 Water Use and Management. 2 Water as a Resource Covers 71% of earth’s surface Important properties –Polar –Moves easily –Changes temperature slowly.

1 Water Use and Management. 2 Water as a Resource Covers 71% of earth’s surface Important properties –Polar –Moves easily –Changes temperature slowly.

Oceans The Last Frontier. Ocean Facts About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water Average depth.

Oceans The Last Frontier. Ocean Facts About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water Average depth.

HAPTER 13 MS Earth’s Fresh Water - GRYGLA PUBLIC SCHOOL · 13. MS Earth’s Fresh Water CHAPTER 13 MS Earth’s Fresh Water Chapter Outline 13.1 WATER ON EARTH 13.2 SURFACE WATER

HAPTER 13 MS Earth’s Fresh Water - GRYGLA PUBLIC SCHOOL · 13. MS Earth’s Fresh Water CHAPTER 13 MS Earth’s Fresh Water Chapter Outline 13.1 WATER ON EARTH 13.2 SURFACE WATER

Water of the Earth Water covers approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface.

Water of the Earth Water covers approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface.

Water - Met Office€¦ · Approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water and nearly all (about 96%) of the Earth’s . ... However, water in the atmosphere can appear

Water - Met Office€¦ · Approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water and nearly all (about 96%) of the Earth’s . ... However, water in the atmosphere can appear

Ocean Biomes. Oceans Locations Oceans = 71% of earth’s surface.

Ocean Biomes. Oceans Locations Oceans = 71% of earth’s surface.

We Are Misusing Our Freshwater Earth’s surface is 71% saltwater Water is necessary for life, food, and shelter Global Health Issue – lack of water.

We Are Misusing Our Freshwater Earth’s surface is 71% saltwater Water is necessary for life, food, and shelter Global Health Issue – lack of water.

Exploring the Oceans Chapter 13. Oceans of the Earth 71% of Earth’s surface is water 98% of water on Earth is ocean water What/where is the rest of Earth’s.

Exploring the Oceans Chapter 13. Oceans of the Earth 71% of Earth’s surface is water 98% of water on Earth is ocean water What/where is the rest of Earth’s.

The World’s Oceans 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by ocean water. The oceans contain 97% of the earth’s water. All the oceans and seas are.

The World’s Oceans 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by ocean water. The oceans contain 97% of the earth’s water. All the oceans and seas are.

100% - branding.ifas.ufl.edubranding.ifas.ufl.edu/media/brandingifasufledu/banners/IFAS_Water3.pdf100% ifas.ufl.edu OF IT 71% OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE IS WATER. WE’RE WORKING TO

100% - branding.ifas.ufl.edubranding.ifas.ufl.edu/media/brandingifasufledu/banners/IFAS_Water3.pdf100% ifas.ufl.edu OF IT 71% OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE IS WATER. WE’RE WORKING TO

Water and Water Use II. Earth’s Water Compartments.

Water and Water Use II. Earth’s Water Compartments.

Water Systems: Earth’s Supply of Water

Water Systems: Earth’s Supply of Water

The Wonderful World of Water. The importance of water Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface.

The Wonderful World of Water. The importance of water Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface.