Water and Sanitation Status in the Kilifi DSS.

B.K.Tsofa

The Kilifi DSS

• Was set up by KEMRI-WTRP in 2000 to, To establish a population framework for epidemiological studies of

diseases of local importance

To measure mortality trends accurately over time (in the absence of accurate vital statistics)

To evaluate the impact of interventions of national public health importance

• Comprises of 80% of the clients who utilize KDH for health services

• Enumeration is done 3 times in a year

Introduction• A total of 247,624 residents from 15 locations in the Kilifi DSS

were involved in the water sources and sanitation survey none in the DSS round 19 enumeration.

• The question asked were;1. What is the main source of water?2. Do you(DSS resident) boil, treat, filter water before drinking?3. What is the main type/mode of human waste disposal?

• 2299 (0.9%), 3931(1.6%) and 3003(1.2%) answered “don't know” to the first, second and third question mentioned above respectively

• Majority (82.62%) of DSS residents were resided in the rural areas

Water sources

• Overall, 80 % of Kilifi DSS residents had access to piped water

• 7.8 % of the residents used water from unprotected wells

• Ponds, dam, rivers, harvested rain water, and water vendors accounted for about 1 %

• Inter-location rates for piped water ranged between 44% in Junju location and 99 % in Sokoke location

Water sources by region in Kilifi DSS

Water Sources by location

Modes of Human Waste Disposal

Achievements-Triggered plus spill over

Division No. Villages

Villages triggered

No. ODF villages

Villages below 50%

Villages above 50%

Latrine coverage

Kikambala 86 9 0 5 4 51%

Chonyi 57 7 0 0 7 71.9%

Bahari 108 18 0 5 13 63.1%

Jaribuni 34 18 1 8 9 51.5%

Ganze 57 4 0 2 2 60.7%

Vitengeni 181 70 17 0 53 60%

Bamba 87 15 0 15 0 14%

District 610 141 18 35 88 48.5

Division Pop. HH HH with latrines as at 1st July 10

Latrine coverage (1 st July 10)

HH with new latrines

HH with latrines at 31st …2010)

% Cov. ForAug2010

Chonyi 57234 8776 6366 72.5 23 6406 73

Bahari 121198 17458 10686 61.2 107 11016 63.1

Kikambala

157365 20707 8942 43.2 30 9024 43.58

Ganze 21009 3047 1785 58.6 34 1849 60.7

Bamba 52752 13795 1881 13.6 7 1930 14

Vitengeni 63998 7326 3687 50.3 525 4216 57.5

Jaribuni 18117 2497 1252 50.1 9 1287 51.5

District 491674 73606 34599 47 735 35728 48.5

Kilifi district latrine coverage by Division

Modes of Human Waste Disposal

• Approximately 49 % of the residents used covered pit latrines

• 37 % go to the bush for defecation• 5.8 % used uncovered pit latrine• 0.4 % used other modes like bucket latrines, main

sewer, and cess pool, etc

Cont...

• Inter-location rates for pit latrine usage ranged between 15 % in Jaribuni location and 76.4 % in Ziani location

• The use of bush for defecation ranged between 10.8 % in Ziani location and 80.2% in Jaribuni location

• The coverage of VIP latrines ranged between 2.4 % in Roka location and 6.9 % in Ngerenya location

Pit latrine Coverage

ODF Prevalence

Water Treatment at Point of Use

• 93.4 % of the residents in the DSS did not treat, boil or even filter the water before drinking

• Only, about 6.6 % of all the residents reported to boil, treat or filter water before drinking

• More residents (4.84 %) treated water before drinking than they boiled water before drinking 1.25 %

Cont...

• Residents using water from improved water sources were 37 % less likely to disinfect drinking water compared to residents using water from unimproved water sources

• Those residing in the peri-urban areas were 73 % more likely to disinfect drinking water than those residing in the rural areas

Planned work

• Base line data for prevalence of water (fecal mater ) contamination

• Continuous monitoring of water contamination levels with improved sanitation

• Case –control studies for water-borne and water-washed diseases

Thoughts on CLTS in Kilifi• Piloted in Jaribuni village, in July 2007,as a

collaborative effort between MoH ,Plan Kilifi and the community

• DHMT, all PHOs & PHTs and some Plan Kilifi staff were trained on the CLTS concept in May 2008

• Lots of enthusiasms for scale up spearheaded by DHMT

Profiling Kilifi Sanitation

• We have profiled Kilifi and hosted all sorts of visitors

• Global media coverage; press media and internet network

• Positioned Kilifi on the ‘Global sanitation map’

• Can we sustain this momentum and our position on the global sanitation map?

Sustaining the momentum by the community after CLTS triggering, inadequate follow up of natural leaders and officers in triggered villages.

High water tables/collapsible soils/hard rocks requiring special latrine technology out of reach to the community.

Some CHWs and provincial administrators expected to be role models have not taken leading roles.

Termites infestation Seasonality and its effect on community participation in CLTS

e.g. prolonged drought and rains.

Challenges as per Sigomaba’s Presentation

Opportunities

• Inherent capacity after the training of 2008• Dedicated and true partners, community

members, community leaders, Plan Kilifi• Established network of community leadership;

CHWs, Village elders

Thoughts in Moving forward

• Lets empower the communities to take a lead roleWho among us here went to trigger Ngamani.

Village.???Why are they ODF...???

• Let the community engineers exercise their skills