Watch the following clip How is brain surgery different today different from brain surgery in the...
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Transcript of Watch the following clip How is brain surgery different today different from brain surgery in the...
• Watch the following clip
• How is brain surgery different today different from brain surgery in the 1940’s?
• Why did the patient need to be awake?
Learning Objectives
• Describe the structure of the brain.
• Recall how scientists learn about the brain.
• Discuss some of the ethical issues involved in the study of the brain.
The Brain
On the right hand page you are going to make notes and complete activities throughout the lesson
For the end of the lesson
Left hand side, right hand side
Paired interview
Read through the information on your card.
Make summary notes in your exercise books (you can talk to your partner about this!)
Don’t forget to write title and the date!!
Paired interview
In pairs interview the pair opposite about the information on their card.
Your pair will then be interviewed.
Make notes about the other pairs information
You can only do that AFTER the interview is finished
The Brain
• Simple Animals – have a large mass of neurons at the head end
• Complex animals – have a brain made of billions of neurons– It has many areas, each carry out a
function– Allows you to learn from experience
Cerebellum
• Latin for “Little Brain”• Primitive part of the brain• Survival• Responsible for Fight or Flight and
Reproduction
Temporal Lobe 1
• Links the nervous system with the endocrine system
• Release oxytocin from pituitary gland (Chemical of love)
• Responsible for protection and nurturing instincts
Temporal Lobe 2
• Storage of traumatic memories• Fear conditioning (e.g. phobias)• If the amygdala is damaged then
organisms can become fearless– Is this a good thing?
Brain labelling
• Use the information around the room to label your diagram of the brain.
• Add detailed notes from the slide to your diagram.
Finding out...MRI and fMRI scans
are one way we find out about the structure of the brain.
The patient is awakeThe skull is not cut
openNormal life can
continue after the scan
Injured Brains
• Awake Brain Surgery• People who have had
accidents e.g. Phineas Gage
• Stroke Victims
• Are there any problems studying brains in this way?
Finding out...
write down some ethical issues associated with finding out about the brain in this way
Past QuestionStuart is a doctor studying the Cerebral
Cortex of the brain. One of Stuart’s patients has damage to her cerebral cortex. Suggest two processes that are most damaged by this. [2 marks]
Suggest how Stuart could find out exactly which parts of the brain are damaged [2 marks]
Answers
a) Memory, speech, b) Look at images on an MRI Scan,
apply an electrical charge to different parts of the brain.