WASTED FOOD IN THE US: SOURCES, AMOUNTS AND … Jain et al (2016... · SOURCES, AMOUNTS AND...
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WASTED FOOD IN THE US: SOURCES, AMOUNTS AND
ESTIMATION METHODOLOGIES Presented by:
Pradeep Jain, Shrawan Singh, James Wally, Tim Townsend Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC
Overview
• Current Estimates
• Wasted Food Generation Sectors
• Data Sources
• Methodologies
• Results
Recycling Rates of Materials in Florida
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Rec
yclin
g R
ate
(%)
Discarded MSW Composition
Glass 5% Metals
9%
Plastics 18%
Rubber and Leather
4% Textiles
8% Wood
8%
Yard Trimmings 8%
Paper and Paperboard
15%
Food 21%
Miscellaneous 4%
US EPA (2015). Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: 2013 Fact Sheet. http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/2013_advncng_smm_fs.pdf. Accessed 13 October 2015
Generation Rate (million tons per year)
Discarded (million tons per year)
US 37 35
Florida 2.2 2
Wasted Food Sources
112320 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production
112330 Turkey Production
112930 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production
311111 Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing
311119 Other Animal Food Manufacturing
311221 Wet Corn Milling
311224 Soybean and Other Oilseed Processing
311225 Fats and Oils Refining and Blending
311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing
424410 General Line Grocery Merchant Wholesalers
424420 Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers
424430 Dairy Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers
424440 Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers
424450 Confectionery Merchant Wholesalers
Industrial/commercial establishments from 84 unique NAICS codes were identified as sources of wasted food
Waste Food Generation Sectors 1. Food manufacturers and processors (e.g., bakeries, cereal
manufacturing)
2. Food wholesalers and distributors (e.g., grocery stores, supermarkets)
3. Educational institutions (e.g., universities, colleges, public/private schools)
4. Hospitality industry (e.g., hotels, casinos)
5. Correctional facilities
6. Healthcare industry (e.g., hospitals, nursing homes)
7. Food services sector (e.g., full-service restaurants, caterers)
Establishment-Specific Data Needs
• Name
• Address
• Contact number
• Location (latitude/longitude)
• Number of Employee
• Total Revenue
• Others (number of students of educational institutions, number of beds for hospitals)
Data Sources Sector Data Source Number of
Establishments in Florida
Food manufacturers and processors
Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 3,434
Food wholesalers and distributors
Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 20,784
Educational institutions National Center for Education Statistics 6,497
Hospitality industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 6,945
Correctional facilities Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 426
Healthcare industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 1,150
Food services sector US Census (2012) 33,419
Wasted Food Estimation Parameters
Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor
Food Manufacturers and Processors $ Revenue 0.053 lbs/ $ Revenue
Food Wholesalers and Distributors
Supermarkets and Grocery Stores # of Employees 3,000 lbs/employee/year
Other Food Wholesalers and Distributors $ Revenue
0.01 lbs/ $ Revenue
Wasted Food Estimation Parameters
Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor
Educational Institutions
Private Schools
# of Students
63 lbs/student/year
Public Schools 20 to 28.8 lbs/student/year
Colleges and Universities 141.8 lbs/residential student/year 37.8 lbs/non-residential student/year
Wasted Food Estimation Parameters
Sector Variable Parameter Generation Factor
Hospitality Industry # of Employees 1,168.3 to 1,984 lbs/employee/year
Correctional Facilities # of Employees 1,368.8 to 1,927.2 lbs/employee/year
Healthcare Facilities Revenue ($ million) 147.3 to 335.8 lbs/revenue ($ million)/year
Food Services Sector # of Employees 3,000 lbs/employee/year
Example Alternative Parameter
Annual Hospital Revenue (billion $)
0 100 200 300
Num
ber
of
Bed
s (i
n t
housa
nds)
0
20
40
60
80
100
y=0.269x
R2=0.9467
Based on staffed beds and hospital revenue data reported by the American Hospital Directory (https://www.ahd.com/state_statistics.html)
Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Sector Data Source Number of
Establishments in Florida
Wasted Food Estimate (tons per year)
Food manufacturers and processors
Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 3,434 107,800
Food wholesalers and distributors
Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 20,784 78,500
Educational institutions National Center for Education Statistics 6,497 55,500 - 79,300
Hospitality industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 6,945 113,200 - 192,300
Correctional facilities Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 426 34,500 - 48,600
Healthcare industry Hoovers-Dun and Bradstreet 1,150 3,800 - 8,700
Food services sector US Census (2012) 33,419 932,200
Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Rate
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
Food manufacturers and processors
Food wholesalers
and distributors
Educational institutions
Hospitality industry
Correctional facilities
Healthcare industry
Food services sector
1,150
Was
ted
Fo
od
(to
ns
per
yea
r)
34,419
3,434 20,784 6,497
6,945
426
Sector-wide Wasted Food Generation Rate
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
Food manufacturers and processors
Food wholesalers
and distributors
Educational institutions
Hospitality industry
Correctional facilities
Healthcare industry
Food services sector
1,150
Was
ted
Fo
od
(to
ns
per
yea
r)
34,419
3,434 20,784 6,497
6,945
426
As point of comparison, assuming 0.357 lbs/person/day, over 8 million households in Florida generate 1.27 million tons of wasted food
Name Rozen Plaza, Inc.
Address 9840 International Dr Orlando, FL 32819
Contact # 407-996-9840
Wasted Food Generation (tons/yr)
238-405
Wasted Food Characteristics
Complex Carbohydrates, Proteins
Anaerobic Decomposition of Wasted Food - Greenhouse Gas Generation
Time (years)
0 5 10 15 20 25
Meth
an
e G
en
era
tion R
ate
(scfm
)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
k=0.2 year-1
k=0.3 year-1
Approximately 2 million tons of wasted food was disposed of in landfills in Florida in 2014
Anaerobic Decomposition of Wasted Food - Greenhouse Gas Generation
Time (years)
0 5 10 15 20 25
Cu
mu
ma
tive
Me
tha
ne
Ge
ne
rate
d (
%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Gre
en
ho
use
Ga
s E
mis
sio
n (
mill
ion
MT
CO
2 e
q)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
k=0.2 year-1
k=0.3 year-1
Acknowledgements
• Steve Rock, EPA ORD, Cincinnati
• Amanda Hong, EPA-Region 9, San Francisco
• Charlotte Ely, EPA-Region 9, San Francisco