Waste Management.ppt

14
By S. VIJAYAKUMAR M. K. SANIL M. NISHA T. M. SHABIN ALI

Transcript of Waste Management.ppt

Page 1: Waste Management.ppt

By

S. VIJAYAKUMAR

M. K. SANIL

M. NISHA

T. M. SHABIN ALI

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WASTE WASTE MANAGEMENT

An unusable / unwanted substance or material.

Rejected as worthless.

Eg) Rubbish, trash, garbage or junk

Collection source separation storage transportation transfer processing treatmentdisposal of waste

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AIM OF WASTE MANAGEMENT @ To extract maximum practical benefits.

@ To generate minimum amount of waste.

@ Reduce negative impacts - on environment & society.

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TYPES OF WASTES

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SOURCES OF WASTES*Domestic wastes - Eg) paper, plastic,

glass, ceramics, vegetable wastes

*Commercial wastes - Eg) printer paper, meat remnants

*Ashes - Eg) coal, wood and coke.

- Open burning of wastes also generates ashes

*Animal Wastes - Eg)dung of animals

- rejected feed

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*Biomedical Wastes - Eg) expired drugs, plastic syringes, surgical dressings

*Construction Wastes - Eg) metal rods, bricks, cement, concrete, roofing materials

- digging activities Eg) telephone, electricity, drainage

*Industrial Solid Wastes -Eg) garment factory would dump textiles of various kinds

*Sewer - removed from sewerage - left on the roadside

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*Hazardous wastes - potentially dangerous

- react explosively with air or water- Change in the genetic structure of

individuals

*E - Waste - electronics disposed

-E.g.) Secondary computers, electronics, mobile phones, television sets & refrigerator

*Nuclear waste - containing radioactive material

- product of a nuclear fission

 

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Effects of waste If not managed

Affects our healthAffects our socio-economic conditionsAffects our coastal and marine

environmentAffects our climateRise in global temperatures ‘Rise in sea levels

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Methods of Waste Mgmt. Disposal Methods

a) Land fills Convenient

Inexpensive

Destruction of food sources

Desalination Incineration

Requires minimum landCan be operated in any

weather Expensive to build and

operate

Continuous maintenance

Recycling methods

a) Biological reprocessing

b) Energy recovery i)Pyrolysis ii)Gasification

Key to providing a livable

environment for the future Expensive Some wastes cannot be recycled Technological push needed

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Practical Issues

Lack of awarenessUnplanned growth and development of citiesLand availabiltyUn sorted waste. mixture of bio-degradable

and non bio-degradableSome wastes cannot be recycled Unsightly - smell, waste, vermin requires proper planning, design, and

operation

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Bio-Methanation ProcessMaterials that are organic in nature, such as

plant material, food scraps convert starch or sugary agricultural feed

stock into a methane rich gas mixture three stages, namely, hydrolysis, acid-genesis

and methane formation Process is very slowInstalling is expensive.

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Suggestions Improve product design to use less materials. use biodegradable materials maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets At Source Treatment, Separation of materials

should be done at source Encourage eople to reuse materials rather

than purchase new ones.

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Case Study Name of Project : CochinWaste 2 Energy Pvt Ltd Type of Process : BESI W2E Gasification Technology Capacity : 35 tons/day Land Area : 1 Acre Location : Willington Island, Cochin Type ofWaste : Industrial effluent Sludge, e-waste,Biomedical

waste,food waste, Wood waste, Power Generation : 1 Mega Watt per hour. SolidWaste generated from Plant: Recovered sterilized metals for

recycle. Vitrified glass. Inert Ash Revenue Stream : Tipping fee. Sale of Power generated. Residue.

Carbon Credits Collection Mechanism :Through specially designed enclosed

refuse trucks meeting international norms Waste Stream Analysis : School of Environmental Studies,

CUSAT