WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITIES OF …. OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING REGULATION Environmental Law Law on...
Transcript of WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITIES OF …. OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING REGULATION Environmental Law Law on...
Workshop 2010 of Asian Network for Prevention of Illegal Transboundary Movement of Hazardous wasteTransboundary Movement of Hazardous waste
From 29 November to 02 December 2010 Allson Paradise Angkor Hotel, Siem Reap, CambodiaAllson Paradise Angkor Hotel, Siem Reap, Cambodia
WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVITIES OF CAMBODIA IN THE APPLICATION OF OF CAMBODIA IN THE APPLICATION OF
BASEL CONVENTION
Prepared by: Mr. Chin Sothun,Prepared by: Mr. Chin Sothun, Department of Environmental Pollution Control, MoE,
Cambodia.
CONTENTCONTENT
1. Overview of Solid Waste Management
System
O i f th i ti R l ti2. Overview of the existing Regulation
C b di P ti i ti i th li ti f3. Cambodia Participation in the application of
Basel ConventionBasel Convention
4 Challenges4. Challenges
1. OVERVIEW OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
MoE
Hazardous WasteMunicipal
Household Waste
- Giving license
- Control and
monitor
- Policy and guideline on household waste management Technical assistance And
Municipal Or M or PED
- Recommend in
case of having
any problem
-Technical assistance And - advisor
Private Company
Municipal Or Province Authority
M or PED
Control & monitor
any problem
Commune or District Authority - Collection, transportationfrom industries
Responsibility MWM -Control & monitor-Report to MoE and MA or PA.
Private Company
Dumping Site
from industries- All equipment ( tract, container…)- Construction and operatio
-Collection, transportation-Clean public areaDumping Site
Final Disposal
pLandfill
- Report to MoE.
Clean public area-All equipment ( tract, container…)-Report to MoE and Municipality
MUNICIPAL HAZARDOUS WASTEMUNICIPAL HAZARDOUS WASTE
C b di d t t d f h d t Cambodia do not separated of hazardous waste from household.
Do not specification of the service collection of hazardous waste.
Some kinds of hazardous waste used system to back/ 3R like as: E-waste, Lead Acid Battery…etc., y
Some kinds of hazardous waste has be found at dump-sitedump site.
Cambodia has not secure landfill for hazardous wastewaste.
COMPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE AT DUMP-SITE
Waste compositions Percentage Waste compositions PercentageWaste compositions Percentage Waste compositions Percentage
01 Plastic 15.74 07 Organic 72.38
02 Fabrics 3.60 08 Metal 0.42
03 Paper 3 45 09 Medical 1 3103 Paper 3.45 09 Medical 1.31
04 Glass 1.86 10 Gypsum 0.19
05 Poly-ethylene 0.68 11 Limestone 0.20
06 D b tt i 0 07 12 T 0 1006 Dry-batteries 0.07 12 Tyres 0.10
Sources: Report Workshop on “Establishing a policy on the Disposal ofDry Batteries in Cambodia “13-14 November 2006.
FLOW CHART OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste generator
Waste buyersIndustrial waste General waste
(office waste)
Waste buyers(sorted recyclablewaste
Waste Storage Waste storage Waste recycler
Safety dumpsite Dumpsite
Waste picker
Safety dumpsite Dumpsite
Ill l d iIllegal dumping
COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN SAROMLANDFILLLANDFILL
Composition of industrial waste
10%5% 5% 5%
garment
60%
10% slugde leatherleatherplasticpaper15% paperother
ANNUAL OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE COLLECTIONANNUAL OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE COLLECTION
Vol me of Ind strail aste at Sarom Landfill250000
Volume of Industrail waste at Sarom Landfill
172511180921
201078194011
178075 181602172511
180921
201078194011
178075 181602
200000
150000
100000
50000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20092004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
1 2 3 4 5 6
SAROM TRADING INDUSTRIAL WASTE LANDFILL
Landfill closed and soil covered Landfill operatingLandfill closed and soil covered Landfill operating
FLOW-CHART OF MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste generationWaste generation
Infectious waste Waste buyerSharp waste General waste
Waste storage
Waste recycler
Waste storage waste storage
Dumpsite
Waste picker
IncineratorDumpsite
Burry/Disposein groove
MEDICAL WASTE
2. OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING REGULATION 2. OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING REGULATION
Environmental Law Law on Environmental Protection and NaturalResource Management ( approved in Dec. 1996 )
1- Solid Waste Management 2 Water Pollution ControlS b Decree
g ( pp )
2- Water Pollution Control3- Air Pollution and Noise Disturbance4- Environmental Impact Assessment Process
Sub-Decree
DeclarationGuideline
1- Joint Declaration MoE & MoI on on household waste management.Guideline
Prakas and other letters
g2- Guideline on Plastic Waste Management.3- Guideline on Environmental Management
RELEVANT CAMBODIAN LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTIONCONVENTION
L E i t l P t ti d Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resources Management (1996)g ( ) Article 12 and Article 13 – focused on the
ti f h i t ithpreparation of mechanism to cope with toxic substances and hazardous substances in Cambodia.
OVERVIEW HAZARDOUS WASTE DEFINITIONOVERVIEW HAZARDOUS WASTE DEFINITION
Based on Sub decree No 36 issue date 27 May 199 onBased on Sub-decree No. 36 issue date 27 May 199 on Solid waste management in article 3 point c were stipulated the definition of hazardous waste as:
“ Hazardous waste refers to radio activity substances, Explosive substances, toxic substances, inflammables
substances pathogenic substances irritatingsubstances, pathogenic substances, irritating substances, corrosive substances, oxidizing substances, or other chemicals substances which may ycause to danger to human(health) and animal or danger plants, public property and the environment The hazardous waste may be generated from dwellinghazardous waste may be generated from dwelling houses, industries, agricultural activities, business and service activities, mining, etc. The type of hazardous waste is listed in the Annex of this sub decreewaste is listed in the Annex of this sub-decree.
RELEVANT CAMBODIA LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTION (CONT )CONVENTION (CONT.)
Sub-Decree on Solid Waste Management (1999) Article 20: “The exportation of the hazardous
t f th Ki d f C b di t b dp
waste from the Kingdom of Cambodia to abroad could be conducted if there are an agreement from the Ministry of Environment, export license y , pfrom the Ministry of Trade, and permit from the import country .
The exportation of the hazardous waste shallThe exportation of the hazardous waste shall be consistent with the provisions and principles of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal in1989 which come into force on May 05 1992”on May 05, 1992 .
RELEVANT CAMBODIA LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTION (CONT )CONVENTION (CONT.)
Article 21: “The importation of hazardous waste from abroad intohazardous waste from abroad into the Kingdom of Cambodia is strictly prohibited ”prohibited.”
Other relevant Article in Chapter 3 pand Chapter 4 Hazardous waste criteria highlightedHazardous waste criteria highlighted in the Annex of the Sub-Decree
RELEVANT CAMBODIA LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTION (CONT )CONVENTION (CONT.)
Article 8 of the Sub-Decree on Water Pollution Control stipulated that “The disposal of solidControl, stipulated that The disposal of solid waste or any garbage or hazardous substances into public water areas or intosubstances into public water areas or into public drainage system shall be strictly prohibited The storage or disposal of solidprohibited. The storage or disposal of solid waste or any garbage and hazardous substances that lead to the pollution of water ofsubstances that lead to the pollution of water of the public water areas shall be strictly prohibited ”prohibited.
RELEVANT CAMBODIA LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTION (CONT )CONVENTION (CONT.)
Custom and Excise General Dept. Announcement on the Ban of importation of old computersof importation of old computers and spare-parts for occupation purpose, except, for self consumption and/or charity inconsumption and/or charity in minor amount (12/03/02).
RELEVANT CAMBODIA LEGISLATION TO BASEL CONVENTION (CONT )CONVENTION (CONT.)
Sub Decree on Business Facilitation by Risk Management Sub-Decree on Business Facilitation by Risk Management (2006) is another important legal instrument of Cambodia, aiming at: improving the imported/exported processes of goods and
other facilities in complying with the national laws/regulations and international agreements/protocols;laws/regulations and international agreements/protocols;
effective management and monitor; providing low cost in service comparing to other adjacent providing low cost in service comparing to other adjacent
countries; authorizing functions/duties of line institutions at check-g
points; facilitating a rapid and easier way to importers/exporters.
3. CAMBODIA PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(CONT )CONVENTION(CONT.)
Cambodia signed as a party of the BC on 02 Cambodia signed as a party of the BC on 02 March 2001 which that Department of Environmental Pollution Control, MoE is the ,competent authority and focal point.
Set-up working group/steering committee for li t f B l C ti likapplicants of Basel Convention like as:
• MoEM I• MoI
• MoEF(General Department of custom and Excise)M C(CAMCONTROL” C b di i t E t• MoC(CAMCONTROL” Cambodia import Export Inspection fraud Repression Directorate General”
3. CAMBODIA PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(CONT )BASEL CONVENTION(CONT.)
• MoP(Ministry of Planning) ( y g)• MoH(Ministry of Health)• MAFF(Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and fishery)MAFF(Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and fishery)• MoFA(Ministry of Foreign affair and International
Cooperation)Cooperation)• MoWT(Ministry of Public Work and Transportation)• MIME (Ministry of Industry Mines and Energy)• MIME (Ministry of Industry Mines and Energy)• MoW( Ministry of Women Affair)
MoLVT(Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training)• MoLVT(Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training) • MPP(Municipality of Phnom Penh)
RUPP(R l U i i f Ph P h)• RUPP(Royal University of Phnom Penh)
3. CAMBODIA PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
Relevant activities have done by yCambodia under the BC’s Framework include as follows:Framework include as follows:
1.Environmentally Sound Management of Used Lead Acid Batteries(ULAB) withUsed Lead Acid Batteries(ULAB) with both financial and technical support from th S t i t t th B l C tithe Secretariat to the Basel Convention. Technical report and National action plan
BATTERY WASTE IMPORT OF LEAD, ACID AND BATTERIES
ItemYear
Lead(t) Acid(l) Battery(t)
2000 10,930 139,276 5,289,6272001 110 1 999 770 4 663 8832001 110 1,999,770 4,663,8832002 2,000 1,808,067 3,122,4932003 10 109 965 280 4 126 5902003 10,109 965,280 4,126,590Total 23,148 4,912,393 17,202,593Estimated number batteries available for recycling
1999 2000 2001 20027,559 7,733 9,202 7,143
3. CAMBODIA PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
2. Project survey of the import and the environmentally sound management of electronic waste. Project has been jsupported between the Asia- Pacific Regional Centre for HWM Training and g gtechnology Transfer(BCRC- China).
Repot on Inventory outcome of ElectronicRepot on Inventory outcome of Electronic and Electric Waste in the Kingdom
The table of disposal of Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment by estimated.
Year Used Electrical and Electronic Equipment (UEEE) (sets)
TV Air-conditioner Refrigerator Computer hand phone 2004 157,096 28,408 15,172 26,3422005 162,557 26,450 9,460 1,863 7,3562006 163 663 44 920 14 645 1 990 12 2222006 163,663 44,920 14,645 1,990 12,222 2007 111,538 36,698 9,895 1,852 142,9902008 126,773 15,070 16,606 1,514 113,6052009 95,269 19,331 13,464 9,381 86,3482010 86,438 23,114 12,513 3,115
T t l 903 334 193 391 91 935 46 057 362 611Total 903,334 193,391 91,935 46,057 362,611
Source: Draft Repot on Inventory outcome of Electronic and Electric Waste in the Kingdomof Cambodia (Cambodia Environmental Association Report 2007)
3. CAMBODIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
3. Environmentally sound management of y gelectrical and electronic waste( personal PC, TVs refrigerators air-conditioners MobileTVs, refrigerators, air conditioners, Mobile phones and washing machine): Project has been supported MoE of Japan andbeen supported MoE of Japan and Implemented by EX corporation company in Japan that contracted with Cambodia Environment Agency.g y
Technical Report on National Inventory of Used EEE in CambodiaUsed EEE in Cambodia.
OUT COME OF REPORT
140000160000180000
160,000
180,000Sets
100000120000140000
TVMP
80000
100,000
120,000
140,000TVAir-conRefrigeratorC t
400006000080000 PC
Air-conRef.20000
40,000
60,000
80,000 ComputerMobile PhoneWashing machine
02000040000
2004 2006 2008 2010
e0
20,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year 2004 2006 2008 2010
Estimated residues 2004 2010Imported EEE bet een 2000 Estimated residues, 2004-2010 (set)
Imported EEE between 2000-2006
3. CAMBODIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
4 a)Training Programme on E-waste for4. a)Training Programme on E-waste for key stakeholders
Government Officials Workers/Scavengers Workers/Scavengers
b) Demonstration of ESM of E-waste Collection Scheme at Recyclable waste Collection Site Collection Site
CAMBODIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
5. National Training workshop for ESM of E-g pwaste organized by MoE, Cambodia and Supported SBC which started from April-Supported SBC, which started from AprilMay-June 2008 and workshop location at Phnom Penh Preash Sihanoukville cityPhnom Penh, Preash Sihanoukville city, Kampong Cham province, Siem Reap Province and Battambang province.
6. Training Course for the ESM of E-wastes in6. Training Course for the ESM of E wastes in Phnom Penh on 31 March- 01 April 2010 Organized by MoE Cambodia and SupportedOrganized by MoE, Cambodia and Supported by SBC.
CAMBODIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT )BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
7. Project on WEEE /E-waste i Ph P hin Phnom Penh supported by UNEP-DTIE IETC has provided:DTIE-IETC has provided:
Stakeholders Workshop on e-waste managementon e waste management.
Training manual of e-waste inventory/management for 3days to national and local government officialslocal government officials and academic sector.
OVERVIEW OF EEE FLOWOVERVIEW OF EEE FLOW
ImportSelling and Repairing Users Junk shops E tImport Repairing
shopUsers Junk shops Export
Recycling
Residues
Recycling
E-WASTE CONCERNED 3R PRINCIPLE
Percentage E-Waste Fractions generated during repaire/refurshment & Dismantling
Washing Machine
Refrigerator
Air Conditioner
Residues
MP
gRecyclableReusable
TV
PC
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
TV
% % % % % % % %
Source: CEA report on e-waste management in Phnom Penh 2009
EXISTING AND PROJECT E-WASTE FRACTION (METRIC TONS)(REPORT ON E WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PHNOM PENH 2009)(REPORT ON E-WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PHNOM PENH 2009)
6000
Existing and Projected E-Waste Fraction(metric tons)
4000
5000
6000
2009 Reusable
2009 Recyclable
2000
30002009 Recyclable
2009 Residues
2019 Reusable
0
1000
TV PC MP Refrigerator Air Washing
2019 Recyclable
2019 Residues
Conditioner Machine
Source: CEA report on e waste management in Phnom Penh 2009Source: CEA report on e-waste management in Phnom Penh 2009
CAMBODIAN PARTICIPATION IN THE APPLICATION OF BASEL CONVENTION(C0NT.)
8. On Going project supported g jby Government of Japan.
Training on ESM of E Training on ESM of E-waste to stakeholder i linvolve.
Televised debate on E-Waste
Demonstration programme Demonstration programme on E-Waste at Recyclable work collection sites.
TRAINING COURSE TO GOV. OFFICIALS AND STUDENTS
TRAINING COURSE TO GROUP OF SCAVENGERS TRAINING COURSE TO GROUP OF SCAVENGERS
BEFORE PROJECT IMPLEMENTBEFORE PROJECT IMPLEMENT
DURING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
SCREEN DISMANTLING
4 CHALLENGES4. CHALLENGES
Lack of technical and financial support for : Lack of technical and financial support for : Case study/survey to make data sheet/
information related to home compliance such as fluorescent lamp, up-date ULAB.p, p
Hazardous waste from chemicals waste/ waste containing toxic substances(Industrialwaste containing toxic substances(Industrial, Consumers product, Agriculture sector…)
Lack of the facility for treatment, recycling and disposal of Hazardous wastedisposal of Hazardous waste.
THANK YOU VERY MUSH THANK YOU VERY MUSH FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION