What are Wastes?

Glass Cans Tins Fruit or vegetable residue

Plastics Leather Food wastes Used up paper

Definition of Wastes.Basel Convention Definition of Wastes

“substances or objects which are disposed of or are intended to be disposed of or are required to be disposed of by the provisions of the law”

Disposal means“any operation which may lead to resource

recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses (Annex IVB of the Basel convention)”

Kinds of Wastes

Solid wastes: domestic, commercial and industrial wastes especially common as co-disposal of wastes

Examples: plastics, styrofoam containers, bottles, cans,

papers, scrap iron, and other trash

Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form

Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste water from ponds,

manufacturing industries and other sources

Classification of Wastes according to their Properties

Bio-degradable:can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)

Non-biodegradable:cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines, cans, styrofoam containers and others)

Used up paper

Plastics

Classification of Wastes according totheir Effects on Human Health and the

Environment

Hazardous wastesA hazardous waste is waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment.

Non-hazardousA non-hazardous waste is a waste that is safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally and economically.

Sources Of Wastes.• Residential• Industrial• Commercial• Institutional• Construction and demolition• Municipal services• Process (manufacturing, etc.)• Agriculture

State No. of Industries as per HWM Rules, 1989

Total HW generation in TPA

HW generating Industries (No.s) as per HWM Rules, 2000/2003

Total HW generation in TPA

1. AP 501 1,11,098 1532 507046

2. Assam 18 1,66,008 23 4,000

3. Bihar 42 26,575 31 Not given

4. Chandigarh 47 305 271 8,425

5. Delhi 403 1,000 1777 17,000

6 Goa 25 6,598 49 Not Provided

7. Gujarat 2984 4,30,030 6052 12, 07,000

8. Haryana 309 31,046 889 14,972

9. Himachal 116 2159 575 Not given

10. Karnataka 454 1,03,243 1589 92,013

11. Kerala 133 1,54,722 423 83,530

12. Maharashtra 3953 20, 07,846 4571 14,07,480

13. MP 183 1,98,669 753 Not given

14. Orissa 163 3,41,144 257 74,918

15. J & K 57 1221 207 Not provided

Hazardous Waste Generating Industries & Hazardous Waste Generation

– Comparative Figures

EFFECTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED WISELY

• Affects our health• Affects our socio-economic

conditions• Affects our coastal and marine

environment• Affects our climate

Ways to minimize waste

ReduceReuse is to use an item more than once

ReuseReducing the amount of waste produced by a

person or a society.

RecycleRecycling involves processing used materials

into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE(The 5 R’s)

• Reduce Waste- Reduce office paper waste by implementing a formal policy to duplex all draft reports and by making training manuals and personnel information available electronically.

- Improve product design to use less materials.

- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while maintaining strength.

- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return program.

- Switch to reusable transport containers.

- Purchase products in bulk.

Reuse

- Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally.

- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice envelopes, file folders, and paper.

- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups, and glasses.

- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.

- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than purchase new ones.

RECYCLE

-Proper waste SEGREGARTION.

-Learn COMPOSTING.

-Know about nearby RECYCLING CENTRES.

-Spread awareness.

-Get people involved.

RECOVER

-Collect your used cooking oil as it may be used for furnaces.

-It also helps reduce the growing dependence on coal or fossil fuel.

-INCINERATE. Incineration involves the burning of organic waste for energy.

Residual Management

- Know your wasteBe aware of the possible harm it can do not only to the

environment, but also to other living organisms. 

-Follow your leadersFor sure, big companies and schools are taking action to preserve the environment, and have organized efforts to

minimize pollution through effective and efficient means of waste management. These rules mean nothing if no one

would follow.

-Send alerts if necessaryAs a member of your community, inform the authorities of any

possible dangers coming from waste disposal sites.

Donate/Exchange

- old books

- old clothes

- old computers

- excess building materials

- old equipment to local organizations

Preventing Waste

- packaging waste reductions and changes in the manufacturing process

- use biodegradable materials

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: EMS

• What is an EMS?

An EMS is a formal set of policies and procedures that define how an organization will evaluate, manage, and track its environmental

impact. It follows the basic model:

• Plan > Do > Check > Act

This facilitates cost-effective environmental performance by defining and continuously improving

the process and actions that an organization undertakes to meet its environmental goals.

Principles of an Effective EMSFor better environmental and overall organizational performance, an EMS

should:

1. Focus on continual improvement2. Serve the organization and its mission

3. Receive top management support4. Remain dynamic and flexible

5. Fit the culture of the organization6. Represent employees and their actions7. Establish employees awareness and

involvement

Why Should an Organization Adopt an EMS?

1. Improve environmental performance It helps monitor energy and water conservation, resource efficiencies, and pollution prevention.

2. Better regulatory complianceIncrease regulatory compliance which is especially important for organizations that spend time and

resources with regulatory violations.

3. Certification and recognitionEMS implementation can enhance an organization’s

image and improve public community relations.

• That ends my presentation.

-I hope this lecture about WASTE MANAGEMENT will make you aware of what is happening to our environment.

-Now I urge you to to help build a better house for humanity!

Thank you for listening!