Warm-Ups

WARM-UPS

Chapter 5 - Muscles

Warm-Up (1)

Which type(s) of muscle is described by the following?1. Contains striations2. Arranged in spiral or figure 8-shaped

bundles3. Involuntarily controlled4. Propels substances along a definite

tract, or pathway, within the body.5. Found in the heart

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Which type(s) of muscle is described by the following?1. Contains striations SKELETAL AND

CARDIAC2. Arranged in spiral or figure 8-shaped

bundles3. Involuntarily controlled4. Propels substances along a definite


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bundles CARDIAC3. Involuntarily controlled4. Propels substances along a definite


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bundles CARDIAC3. Involuntarily controlled SMOOTH AND

CARDIAC4. Propels substances along a definite tract,

or pathway, within the body.5. Found in the heart

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or pathway, within the body. SMOOTH5. Found in the heart

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or pathway, within the body. SMOOTH5. Found in the heart CARDIAC

Warm-Up (2) microanatomy

1. What are the tiny contractile units in skeletal muscle?

2. Which filaments extends the entire length of the Dark A Band?

3. What are the names of the projections found on myosin filaments that link the thick and thin filaments together during contraction?


1. What are the tiny contractile units in skeletal muscle? SARCOMERES

2. Which filaments extends the entire length of the Dark A Band?




2. Which filaments extends the entire length of the Dark A Band? MYOSIN (THICK) FILAMENTS




2. Which filaments extends the entire length of the Dark A Band? MYOSIN (THICK) FILAMENTS

3. What are the names of the projections found on myosin filaments that link the thick and thin filaments together during contraction? CROSS BRIDGES OR MYOSIN HEADS

Warm-Up (3 microanatomy)

1. What is the name of the connective tissue sheath that encloses each muscle fiber?

2. What is the name of a bundle of muscle fibers?

3. What is the connective tissue that binds together many fascicles (covers the entire muscle)?

4. What is the name of the fibrous membrane that is wrapped around several muscle fibers?


1. What is the name of the connective tissue sheath that encloses each muscle fiber? ENDOMYSIUM

2. What is the name of a bundle of muscle fibers?





2. What is the name of a bundle of muscle fibers? FASCICLE






3. What is the connective tissue that binds together many fascicles (covers the entire muscle)? EPIMYSIUM





3. What is the connective tissue that binds together many fascicles (covers the entire muscle)? EPIMYSIUM

4. What is the name of the fibrous membrane that is wrapped around several muscle fibers? PERIMYSIUM

Warm-Up (4) contraction

1. What is the name of one neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates?

2. What is the name of the region where a motor neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell?

3. A sudden inward rush of Na+ causes an “upset” that generates an electrical current called –

4. What two events cause the cell to return to its resting state?


1. What is the name of one neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates? MOTOR UNIT

2. What is the name of the region where a motor neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell?





2. What is the name of the region where a motor neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell? NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION





2. What is the name of the region where a motor neuron comes into close contact with a skeletal muscle cell? NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

3. A sudden inward rush of Na+ causes an “upset” that generates an electrical current called – ACTION POTENTIAL



4. What two events cause the cell to return to its resting state? 1. Diffusion of potassium (K+) ions out

of the cell.2. Operation of the sodium-potassium

pump (moves the sodium and potassium ions back to their initial positions).

Warm-Up (5) respiration

Choose from the following: Aerobic Respiration, Anaerobic Glycolysis, or Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate

1. Requires the presence of oxygen 2. Produces lactic acid3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20

seconds4. Produces carbon dioxide and water5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-

60 seconds of strenuous muscle activity



1. Requires the presence of oxygen AEROBIC RESPIRATION

2. Produces lactic acid3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20

seconds4. Produces carbon dioxide and water5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-60

seconds of strenuous muscle activity



2. Produces lactic acid ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20 seconds

4. Produces carbon dioxide and water5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-

60 seconds of strenuous muscle activity

Warm-Up 5 (respiration)


2. Produces lactic acid ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20

seconds PHOSPHORYLATION OF ADP BY CP4. Produces carbon dioxide and water5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-60

seconds of strenuous muscle activity



2. Produces lactic acid ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20

seconds PHOSPHORYLATION OF ADP BY CP4. Produces carbon dioxide and water AEROBIC

RESPIRATION

5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-60 seconds of strenuous muscle activity



3. Supplies are exhausted in about 15-20 seconds PHOSPHORYLATION OF ADP BY CP

4. Produces carbon dioxide and water AEROBIC RESPIRATION

5. Provides most of the ATP needed for 30-60 seconds of strenuous muscle activity ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS

Warm-Up (6) contraction processPut the following phrases in chronological

order: An action potential is generated and it travels

over the entire surface of the sarcolemma Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft

and attaches to receptors Contraction of the muscle cell occurs. Skeletal muscle cells are stimulated by nerve

impulses. The sarcolemma becomes temporarily

permeable to sodium ions (Na+), which rush into the muscle cells.

Warm-Up (6) contraction processPut the following phrases in chronological


over the entire surface of the sarcolemma Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft

and attaches to receptors Contraction of the muscle cell occurs.1. Skeletal muscle cells are stimulated by nerve



Warm-Up (contraction process)Put the following phrases in chronological


over the entire surface of the sarcolemma 2. Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft








impulses. 3. The sarcolemma becomes temporarily



order:4. An action potential is generated and it travels



impulses. 3. The sarcolemma becomes temporarily



order:1. Skeletal muscle cells are stimulated by nerve

impulses. 2. Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft

and attaches to receptors 3. The sarcolemma becomes temporarily


4. An action potential is generated and it travels over the entire surface of the sarcolemma

5. Contraction of the muscle cell occurs.

Warm-Ups

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