Warm Up: Welcome to the 2 nd day!
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Transcript of Warm Up: Welcome to the 2 nd day!
Warm Up: Welcome to the 2nd day! You have 10 minutes to finish up the
poems with your partner I will call up students to share the poems
with the class Please come to the front, speak clearly
and assertively, and introduce your partner
Goal of this activity: Students will get to know one another by expressing interests and beliefs with the class.
Poem Activity
History of the World in 7 Minutes
EARLY HUMANS
THE FIRST CIVILIZATIONS
Warm Up!1.You have five minutes to:
• Come up with a list of all of the things that might be found in the trash of your home every week.
• Include recycling as well.
Now… pair up with someone sitting next to you.
If all the items they come up with were taken to the dump, covered
with ten feet of earth, and left there, what would still be
identifiable if someone dug the items up after 100 years? After
20,000 years? After 100,000 years?
What do you know about early civilizations?
Early Civilizations were… Stepping stones for:
legal system democratic form of government many of the world’s major religions
important inventions such as the alphabet.
How do we know about early humans?
How do we know about early humans?
ARCHEOLOGISTS Archeology- the study of past
societies through analysis of what people left behind.
Anthropology- the study of human life and culture
Fossils – rocklike remains of biological organisms.
How they do it Very Scientific Methods
They excavate (dig up) land Try to find fossils or human remains
or civilization Difficult to date their finds
Must analyze all their findings What do sunflower seeds find in a
stomach show? What does a spear with a women
show?
What do these objects tell you?
Tools? Cups? Weapons?
Do they tell you the whole story of a society?
Dating Artifacts and Fossils Dating helps scientists understand where and when the first humans lived.
Radiocarbon dating C-14 50,000 years ago +
Thermoluminescense: 200,000 years ago +
Biological analysis and DNA
Thermoluminescense
Modern Archeologists 2001- Kenya, hominid species completely in
tack (3.5 million years old)
China- bird like dinosaurs 100 million years ago!
2007- intact baby mammoth in Russia
Lascaux Cave paintings
The POINT: Does archeology, fossils and artifacts tell
us everything about a culture or civilization?
How do we analyze ancient cultures with the little information that we have about them?
Assignment: Lucy article You will read the Lucy article SILENTLY
and answer the questions attached to the article
This will done in class, if not, is due tomorrow for homework.
Map Activity
Where in the world are we?
Why is this important? 2007 Miss South Carolina….see video
clip Knowing the scope of history Recognizing where each state is Understand the shaping of the world
Political Maps come election time…see SNL skit
Friday, July 27th Collect contact sheets Goals: Finish map- first 20 minutes Early humans- who were they? Why study Western Civilization?
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
Warm Up! Please take out your journal and answer this
question silently. What is your definition of art? What the purposes and uses of art are? What does art do for the viewer or
listener and for the society in which it is produced?
After you answer, please take out your homework that was due today.
Discuss: What does each of the following have
that makes it art or what does it lack that prevents it from being art?
Art? Costume jewelry? Tatoos?
Art? Finger painting Doodles
Art?
Art?
Art?
Early examples of Paleolithic Life Why are humans the only creatures that
produce art?
We are discussing today early humans and art.
Hominids Human-like creature
that walked upright Lived in Africa 4
million years ago Existed for millions
of years; changed over time
Louis and Mary Leaky discovered them
“Lucy”
Homo Habilis 2.5-1.6 million years
ago “Handy Human” May have used stone
tools Discovered near
Olduvai George
Homo Erectus “Upright
Human” 1.8 to 100,000
years ago Had arms and
legs in modern human proportion
First human to leave Africa
Homo Sapiens “Wise Humans”
Rapid brain growth
Mastered fire 200,000 B.C. to
present
100,000 B.C. to 30,000 B.C.
Buried their dead; believed in afterlife?
Wore animal skins
Homo Sapiens Sapiens Neanderthals
Migrations of Homo sapiens41
Possible coastal routes of human migrationPossible landward routes of human migrationMigrations in Oceania
Human Origins200,000-250,000
years ago
Southwest Asia100,000 years ago
Europe40,000 years ago
Siberia40,000 years ago
Australiaas many as 60,000
years ago
North America12,000-30,000
years ago
Oceania1600 B.C.E.-500 C.E.
Chile12,000-13 ,000
years ago
Language
42
Prehistory: the time before writing was developed Homo sapiens had language
so they could exchange complex ideas with each other.
and they could store and add to the ideas of previous generations.
Because they swapped ideas, they kept finding new ways of doing things. new ways of living.
Why study Western Civilizations article Please read and answer the questions
quietly
This will be due at the end of the class….no homework!
Welcome!!! Look Up your number on the table up
front from the roster Look at the corresponding number on
the desk chart…..this is your seat! Once you are in your seat, please take a
piece of blank paper, and make a “hot-dog” name tag with a marker and your first name
Jorge
Vanessa
Armando
Alan
Tomas
Sean
Sydney P
Quintan
Steven
Catalina
Karina
Armani
Jonathan
Jordan
Alexis Sydney Estrella
Mariyah Aliza Grayson
Elizabeth
Sydney K
Andres
Jakob
Jaylen
Jared
Javier
Zoe
Destini
Manuel
Kyle B
1Desiree
DOOR
Teacher’s Desk
Gabriella
1st Hour
Anna
Jax
22
27
32
23
28
33
24
29
34
25
30
35
26
31
16 17 18
11 12 13
7
14
1
4
8
2
5
9
6
10
20
15
DOOR
Teacher’s Desk
21
2nd Hour
19
3
Osceola
Jaren
Aisiano
Mauricio
Charles
Jose
Roberto
Diana
Andrew
Mario
Aisake
Mauricio
Halle
Aiden
Liliana Sarah Kiana
Hermosillo Jackson Austin
Alejandro
Luis
Ethan
Gerardo
Edgar
Carolina
Gianni
Jessica
Eduardo
Alejandro
Juliana
Caitlin
DOOR Teacher’s Desk
Eunice
3rd Hour
Daniel
Jessica M
Adriana Nick
Ivanna
Andrew Alexis M
Rosalia
Lauren
Jasmine
Marco
SerinaDestinee
Alexis
IsaihaEdward
Austin
William
Taylor
Adi
John
Tyrin
Marcos
Bryan
Sonia
Yakia
Kohl
Harrison
JuanDaniel
MichaelAndrea
Elmer
Brian
DOOR
Teacher’s Desk
Odalis
5th Hour
Kura
Adrian
36
FredericoNicholas
Juedial
Denise Antonio
Joy
Giovany
Ruben
Claudia
RaulConrad
35
HaleyTravys
Janette
Jacqueline
Brianna
Kyejah
Shannon
Ingrid
Andrew
Moses
Alexander
Audrey
Jeremiah
Carmen
Brieanna
Anthony
Diego Richard
Briana
Ricardo
DOOR
Teacher’s Desk
Sid
6th Hour
Joshua
Taylor
36
Warm Up! When seated, please open up your
journal and respond to this question: If you were stranded on a desert island for
the rest of your life, what five things would you bring to survive?
Write a 6 sentence explanation about why you would bring these five items.
PALEOLITHIC WAY OF LIFE
Characteristics of Paleolithic Age 2,500,000 B.C. to 10,000 B.C. Humans used simple stone tools Often called “Old Stone Age”
Early Housing of Paleolithic Area
Hunting and Gathering Relied on hunting and gathering Close relationship with environment
Berries, plants, fruits, nuts, grains Hunted horses, bison, buffalo, fish and
shellfish
Paleolithic Way of Life1. Made stone tools from flint Hand axes were most common
Handles made them easier to use Spears were later used
Later, invented: Bow and arrow Spear Fish hooks Bone needles
Paleolithic Way of Life cont. 2. Had to follow animal
migrations and vegetable cycles Nomads- people who
move from place to place to survive.
Lived in small groups of 20-30.
Hunting depended on careful observation and group cooperation
Roles of Women Women: bear and
raised children; stayed closer to camp Acquired berries,
nuts, grains. Taught children
what was edible. Trapped small
animals, kept camp safe
Roles of Men and Women Main job of people: finding enough to eat
Parents: passed on skills to children to survive
Men: Hunt herds of animals Traveled far distances
EQUALITY
Adapting to Survive Shelter in natural
caves New types of
shelter: Wood with animal
hides Large bones of
mammoths
Use of Fire Homo Erectus was the first
Piles of ash in caves As long as 500,000 years ago
Provided: Warmth Protection from animals Light Cooked food
Occurred differently at different places and times
Ice Ages 100,000 B.C.
Fire was important for survival Thick sheets of ice moved down Europe,
America and Asia Serious threat to human life
Had to adapt
Mammouth Activity You will be in groups of three Read the background paragraph and
group directions. Make a list of the critical needs for
these Paleolithic humans to live. Brainstorm and make a list of how the
mammoth can be used to satisfy these needs.
Will return as a class to discuss our findings.
Homework Ice Man- frozen in time
Read the article and then answer the questions after
THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION
Warm Up! What does farming give the world?
Name at least 5 things
Where would the world be without farming?
How does agriculture affect our society?
How does agriculture affect our society?
Is a foundation because it provides food for populations
Without agriculture, people would have to hunt and gather to survive.
refers to a measure of what we have relative to what we need for subsistence.
Objective Shelter, food, clean water,
and access to health care. To measure- demographers
calculate statistics such as life expectancy, daily caloric intake, and literacy rates.
refers to the degree of satisfaction we feel about our lives.
Subjective. Happiness, family,
love To measure: how one
feels in relation to others
Standard of Living Quality of Life
Think about Hunter-Gatherers in the article…
What would they say about their standard of living and their quality of life?
What about early farmers? What about people today? Is the standard of living and quality of
life the same for everyone today? What is the point of view in the article?
Neolithic Revolution 8000 B.C.- 4000 B.C. Shift from hunting and
gathering to systematic agriculture Began planting crops Domesticating animals Can live in settled
communities What kind of influence
does farming have in our lives?
Growing of Crops Southwest Asia- wheat, barley, pigs, cows,
goats, sheep. Spread to South-eastern Europe 4000 B.C.- farming established in Europe and
Mediterranean Sea. 6000 B.C.- wheat and barley in Egypt and Africa
Yams, bananas Moved to India
5000 B.C. –Meso-Americans Bean, squash, maize
Farming Villages Catalhuyuk
In modern turkey Covered 32 acres
6700 B.C.- 5700 B.C. 6,000 inhabitants
Food surpluses Specialization Had homes
Beginning of a Traditional Economic System Based on agriculture and limited trade`
Shrines to god and goddesses Women nursing or giving birth figurines
Effects of the Neolithic Revolution
Cause Effect
Settling in small towns and villages
Build walls for protection , store houses for goods
Storing surplus products
Encouraged trade
Artisans more skilled Made more refined tools
Men more active in herding and farming; women cared for children, clothes and home
Women stayed in one place; men moved around; men more dominant in society
People mastered farming
Complex societies and villages with armies, walls,
In the Near East, many varieties of the wild cereal grasses, wheat and barley, shown below were exploited as major food sources.
In contrast to hunting and gathering as a mode of life, agriculture means modifying the environment in order to exploit it more effectively. Agriculture alters both the animals and plants it domesticates. Ultimately, it changes the very landscape itself.
Domestication of Animals
End of Neolithic Age 4000-3000 B.C.
Discovered heating rocks could turn into metal
Liquid metal could be made into tools with molds
Use of metal=new level of control of environment.
1st- Copper 2nd- Bronze
Bronze Age- 3000 B.C. to 1200 B.C. Iron Age- 1000 B.C.
Activity: Pick up the article, “Was Farming a good
idea?” from the front room. Read it silently and begin to answer the
questions throughout the reading.
Write as many advantages and disadvantages for each way that you can think of (in the text, on your own!)
Do this with a partner.
Advantages/Disadvantages?
CIVILIZATION EMERGES
What is Culture? Culture- the way of life 1,000s of years- in small nomadic
(moving) tribes Farming=staying in one place
Culture became more complex as a reslt
Complex culture developed into civilization
Civilization Civilization- a complex culture in which
large numbers of human beings share a number of common elements
Six basic characteristics of civilizations”1. Cities2. Government3. Religion4. Social Structure5. Writing6. Art
Six Basic Characteristics of Civilizations
Cities First civilizations developed in river
valleys This is where people could farm on a large
scale Close to water Could feed a large population
As there was more food, there were more people that came to the city
Government Governments- organize and regulate
human activity. What is the purpose of government? Do we need government?
What Governments do Provide smooth interaction between
individuals and groups.
Monarchs-kings or queens who rule a kingdom they organized armies- to protect people Made laws – to regulate the people
Religion Developed religions to explain the forces
of nature and their roles in the world.
Belived god and goddesses were important to the communities success
Priests Priests- supervised rituals aimed at
pleasing Gods Were given special power Made them very important people Ruled by divine approval- approval by God
Social StructurePriests, government
officials, warriors
Free people: farmers, artisans, and craftspeople
Slave Class
Social Structure-Trade growing
Upper class wanted jewelry and pottery• The artisans created them
Cities traded with towns for raw materials• They made the items out of those materials
• Trade grew
Contact with other civilizations was common• Transfer of new
technology (metal for tools, new farming techniques)
Writing Very important
Used to keep accurate records
Creative as well
Art Temples and pyramids
Places for worship Sacrifice Burial of kings
Painters and Sculptors Stories of nature Depictions of rulers and the gods they
worshipped
Tools and Fire: Cause & Effect
Early humans learn to
make tools and fire
• Tools make hunting easier
• Early humans become more efficient hunters
Cooking food over the fire
improves nutrition
Fire keeps humans warm in cooler
climates
Agriculture: Cause & Effect
After the ice age ends,
temperatures rise and humans
begin to practice systematic agriculture
• A steady food supply leads to humans to settle in farming villages
Civilizations: Cause & Effect
Civilizations develop in
river valleys in
Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China
• Governments develop to organized and protect the cities
Division of labor leads to
a social structure
Not all villagers are needed for farming, so
some become artisans,
government workers, priests,
artists, and scribes
Surplus food and products
are traded with other
settlements