Warm-up Week 2 # 2 1.Deep, steep-sided valleys that originate on the continental slope and may extend to the ocean basin floor are called ____. a.slope canyonsc. abyssal plains b.submarine canyonsd. trenches 2.Important mineral deposits, including large reservoirs of oil and natural gas, are associated with ____. a.rift zonesc. mid-ocean ridges b.ocean trenchesd. continental shelves 3.Sediments derived primarily from the products of weathering on the continents are called ____. a.terrigenous sedimentc. hydrogenous sediment b. biogenous sedimentd. calcareous ooze Composition of Seawater 15.1 Q: How is ocean water different than fresh water? Dissolved substances Taste! Smell! Composition of Seawater Composition = What its ________ of. 3.5% dissolved minerals Salts! MADE Salinity. Salinus = salt Salinity = amount of salt dissolved in water Parts per 1000 = Most of the salt in seawater = common table salt. Sources of Salts 1.Weathering! Chemical weathering of rocks on continents Erosion by rivers Deposition in ocean 2.Earths interior! Volcanic eruptions What affects Salinity? Amount of salt is constant Amount of water changes Ocean Temp o Variation. 1.Temp o changes with Solar Radiation. Latitude. 2.Temp o changes with depth. Thermocline = heat + slope Layer of ocean water with fast change in temp o. Density Variation Density = Mass Volume How heavy for size Dense = Sinks 1. Salinity = Density 2. Temp o = Density THERMOCLINEPYCNOCLINE: Rapid Increase in Density with Depth. Ocean Layers Layered by density. 1.Surface Zone Shallow Mixed (waves & wind) 2.Transition Zone Thermocline Pycnocline 3.Deep Zone No sunlight Cold & Dense REVIEW: 1.If we poured a cup of salt into our aquarium what would happen to the salinity of the water? 2.What is the difference between a Thermocline and a Pycnocline? 3.Where is the densest layer of the ocean located? What is it called? The salinity (amount of salt in water) would INCREASE Thermocline = layer with great change in temp o Pycnocline = layer with great change in density On the bottom, The Deep Zone