Warm Up & EQ
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Transcript of Warm Up & EQ
Warm Up & EQ
Scientific MethodHow do scientists solve problems?
Scientific Method
Series of problem-solving procedures that help scientists conduct experiments
Scientific methods are used by scientists to help organize and plan their experiments and investigations.
Factors of the Scientific Method
1. Hypothesis: testable explanation of a situation that can be supported or disproved
2. Experiment: classified as an organized procedure that involves making observations and measurements to test a hypothesis.
Factors of the Scientific Method
3. Variable: factor that can cause a change in the results of an experiment• Independent variable: the factor that is
changed by the experimenter• Dependent variable: a factor that is affected
by changes in the independent variable.
4. Control: factor that does not change when other variable do• used in an experiment to show that the
results of an experiment are a result of the condition being tested.
Data
• Two Types of Data
1. Qualitative Data: Express with Numbers
2. Quantitative Data: Express with
Descriptions
• Display in graphs (Bar, Line, Circle) and/ or
tables
o X axis: Independent Variable
o Y axis: Dependent Variable
Analyze Results
1. If results are consistent with hypothesis, communicate and publish results.
2. If results are not consistent with hypothesis, modify experiment.
Communicating Results
1. Lab Reports
2. Graphs and tables
3. Models
4. Theories
5. Laws
Graphs
Line graphs, the independent variable is plotted on the horizontal (x) axis, and the dependent variable is plotted on the vertical (y) axis
Circle graphs show a fixed quantity using slices representing parts of the whole.
Bar graphs represent quantitative data using bars.
Models
A scientific model is an idea picture, a system, or a mathematical expression that represents the concept being explained.
Theories and Laws
A scientific theory is an explanation based on many observations during repeated investigations.
A scientific law is a principle that describes the behavior of a natural phenomenon.
Reliable Experiments
1. Other scientists must be able to repeat the experiment and obtain the same results.
2. The bigger the sample the more reliable the results.
3. The more an experiment is preformed the more reliable the results.
Assignment
This car will not start.
start
1.What are some possible reasons the car will not start?
2.How would you test your guesses?
Everyday Science
Scientific Method in everyday
1. Car will not start =____________
2. Out of gas? = _________________
3. Adding gas and seeing if car starts = ___________________________
4. Car doesn’t start = _____________
5. It wasn’t out of gas = _____________________________ (disproves hypothesis this time)
Everyday Science
Scientific Method in everyday1. Car will not start =Observation
2. Out of gas? = Hypothesis
3. Adding gas and seeing if car starts = Experiment
4. Car doesn’t start = Data/Results
5. It wasn’t out of gas =Conclusion/ Revise (disproves hypothesis this time)
Assignment: Write a hypothesis for each of the following research problems. Identify the dependent and independent variable for each.
1. What effect does high temperature have on onion growth rates?
2. What effect does light have on plant growth?
3. What effect do different mouthwashes have on bad breath?
4. What effect does light have on plant growth?
Warm up
1. What does physiology mean?
2. Who needs to study anatomy?
Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 1
Pg. 2-11
Overview
Anatomy: the study of the structure and shape of the body
1. Gross anatomy
2. Microscopic anatomy
Physiology: the study of how the body functions Physio- nature -ology: study of
Anatomical structure determines physiology. Example: The structure of the heart is hollow, so blood can
flow through it to be pumped throughout the body.
Anatomy vs. Physiology
1. ____ Understanding the function of each body system.
2. ____ Identifying all the organs of the digestive system.
3. ____ Knowing that the heart has four chambers.
4. ____ Drawing blood to test for iron amounts.
5. ____ Dissecting a mink to determine what the intestines look like.
6. ____ Knowing that the lungs exchange CO2 for O2
What are the levels of structural organization of the body?
1. Atom
2. C e l l
3. T i s s u e
4. O r g a n
5. S y s t e m
6.O r g a n i s m
What are the body systems?
1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Cardiovascular
6. Respiratory
7. Digestive
8. Lymphatic
9. Urinary
10. Reproductive
11. Endocrine
Sometimes Urinary and Reproductive are merged together into the urogenital system.
How does the body function to maintain life?
1. Maintaining boundaries2. Movement3. Responsiveness4. Digestion5. Metabolism6. Excretion7. Reproduction8. Growth
What does the body need to survive?
1. Nutrients- energy for the body Body System-
2. Oxygen- for respiration Body System-
3. Water- 60-80% of body weight Body System-
4. Body temperature- 98 degrees F Body System-
5. Atmospheric pressure- respiration depends on pressure
Body System-
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis: the ability of the body to regulate its self.Homeostatic balance occurs when the body
has everything it needs to run correctly or it is healthy
Homeostatic imbalance: when the body is not functioning properly or it is unhealthy Example: infection, disease, decrease in body
temperature, dehydration
How the body maintains homeostasis.
3. Control center
1. stimulus
2. receptor
4. effector
Warm Up
List any body cavities you may knowWhat is another name for your head?What part of the body is your heart found
in?What part of the body is your stomach
found in?
Anatomy Language
Pg. 11-17
Anatomical Position
Body erect Legs parallel Arms hanging down
with palms up
Why is it important that you understand the anatomical position?
Terminology Groups
1. Directional
2. Regional
3. Planes
4. Cavities
Describe each type of term using your textbook
Warm up: Atomic structure
Protons Positive charge Inside nucleus
Neutrons No charge Inside nucleus
Electrons Negative charge Orbits nucleus
1. Draw a diagram of a nitrogen atom using the periodic table on pg 542.
2. What is the atomic number of nitrogen?3. What is the symbol?
Biochemistry
Chapter 2
Atomic Symbols
1. O2. C 3. K 4. I 5. H 6. N 7. Ca 8. Na 9. P 10. Mg 11. Fe
Organic vs Inorganic
Organic- containing C, living1. Carbohydrates2. Lipids3. Proteins4. Nucleic acid
Inorganic- lack C, non living1. Salts2. Water3. Acids4. Bases
Water
Why water essential to the human body?
1. High heat capacity- prevents sudden temperature changes
2. Polarity- excellent solvent
3. Chemical reactivity
4. Cushioning- protection for the body