Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Questions / Comments

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition that a T-Tail in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Flight Control SystemsT-Tail

• The forces required to raise the nose of a T-tail aircraft are greater than those for a conventional-tail aircraft.

• The pilot must be aware that the required control forces are greater at slow speeds during takeoffs, landings, or stalls than for similar size aircraft equipped with conventional tails.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Flight Control SystemsT-Tail

• When flying at a very high AOA with a low airspeed and an aft CG, the T-tail aircraft may be susceptible to a deep stall.

• In a deep stall, the airflow over the horizontal tail is blanketed by the disturbed airflow from the wings and fuselage.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition that a T-Tail in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Flight Control SystemsStabilator

• A stabilator is a one-piece horizontal stabilizer that pivots from a central hinge point.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition that a T-Tail in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Flight Control SystemsStabilator

• Because stabilators pivot around a central hinge point, they are extremely sensitive to control inputs and aerodynamic loads.

• Antiservo tabs are incorporated on the trailing edge to decrease sensitivity.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) With a T-Tail aircraft, describe what a pilot must be aware of during slow speeds.

2) Describe the condition that a T-Tail in which a T-Tail is susceptible to a deep stall.

3) Describe a stabilator on a T-Tail aircraft?4) Describe anti-servo tabs and their purpose.5) What prevents a pilot from overcontrolling a

T-Tail aircraft with a stabilator?

Warm-Up – 1/14 – 10 minutes

Flight Control SystemsStabilator

• They deflect in the same direction as the stabilator.

• This results in an increase in the force required to move the stabilator, thus making it less prone to pilot-induced overcontrolling.

Questions / Comments

January 14

• 1909 — Wilbur Wright, his brother Orville and sister Katharine, having just arrived from America, move to Pau in the south of France after completing flying demonstrations at Camp d'Auvers.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION

January 14

• 1935 — United Air Lines decides to equip its fleet with a de-icing system for airplane wings, following successful tests on a Boeing 247.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION

January 14

• 1957 — The USAF signed a $74 million contract for Convair F-102A “Delta Dagger” supersonic all-weather fighters.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION

Questions / Comments

SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY

1 2 3 4

             

5 6

Chapter 5 Flight Controls

Primary Flight Controls

7 8

Chapter 5 Flight Controls

Ailerons

Adverse Yaw Elevators Stabilators

9 10

Chapter 5 Flight Controls

Quiz

11

             

12 13 14

Chapter 5 Flight Controls

Canards

Flaps

15 16

Chapter 5 Flight Controls

Trim Systems

Autopilot

Chapter TEST

Grades Due

17

NO SCHOOL

18

           

19 20

NO SCHOOL

21 22

Chapter 6 Aircraft Systems

23 24

Chapter 6 Aircraft Systems

25

             

26 27 28

Chapter 6 Aircraft Systems

29 30

Chapter 6 Aircraft Systems

31

             

January 2014

Questions / Comments

AVIATION ACES 2APilots (A – 93 & above)

Morgan, Landon

2ACo-Pilots (B – 85 – 92)

Alvarez, Miguel Buchanan, Robert Dang, Minh Davis, Mark Frazier, Noah Hetrick, Mark Jennings, Michael Morgan, Jacob Woodruff, Michael

High Shooter (Score)96%

AVIATION ACES 3APilots (A – 93 & above)

Bingham, Jake

Camacho, Ray

Lee, John Nelson, Alex

3ACo-Pilots (B – 85 – 92)

Corlett, Marc Mickel, Dalton

High Shooter (Score)100%

Questions / Comments

Chapter 5 – Flight ControlsFAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Mission: Identify in writing the flight control systems a pilot uses to control

the forces of flight, and the aircraft’s direction and attitude. Describe how the flight control systems and characteristics can

vary greatly depending on the type of aircraft flown. Describe in writing the basic flight control system designs.

EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the

student pilot learning to fly.

Today’s Mission Requirements

Flight Control SystemsCanard

• The canard design utilizes the concept of two lifting surfaces, the canard functioning as a horizontal stabilizer located in front of the main wings.

• In effect, the canard is an airfoil similar to the horizontal surface on a conventional aft-tail design.

Flight Control SystemsCanard

• The difference is that the canard actually creates lift and holds the nose up, as opposed to the aft-tail design which exerts downward force on the tail to prevent the nose from rotating downward.

Flight Control SystemsCanard

• Theoretically, the canard is considered more efficient because using the horizontal surface to help lift the weight of the aircraft should result in less drag for a given amount of lift.

Flight Control SystemsRudder

• The rudder controls movement of the aircraft about its vertical axis.

• The rudder is a movable surface hinged to a fixed surface, in this case to the vertical stabilizer.

Flight Control SystemsRudder

• By pushing the left pedal, the rudder moves left.

• This creates a sideward lift that moves the tail to the right and yaws the nose of the airplane to the left.

Flight Control SystemsRudder

• Rudder effectiveness increases with speed; therefore, large deflections at low speeds and small deflections at high speeds may be required to provide the desired reaction.

Flight Control SystemsV-Tail

• The V-tail design utilizes two slanted tail surfaces to perform the same functions as the surfaces of a conventional elevator and rudder configuration.

• The fixed surfaces act as both horizontal and vertical stabilizers.

Flight Control SystemsV-Tail

• The movable surfaces, which are usually called ruddervators, are connected through a special linkage that allows the control wheel to move both surfaces simultaneously.

Flight Control SystemsV-Tail

• On the other hand, displacement of the rudder pedals moves the surfaces differentially, thereby providing directional control.

• A control mixing mechanism moves each surface the appropriate amount.

Flight Control SystemsV-Tail

• The V-tail design is more susceptible to Dutch roll tendencies than a conventional tail, and total reduction in drag is minimal.

Flight Control SystemsSecondary Flight Controls

• Secondary flight control systems:• Consist of wing flaps, leading edge

devices, spoilers, and trim systems.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• The most common high-lift devices used on aircraft are attached to the trailing edge of the wing, increase both lift and induced drag for any given AOA.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• Flaps allow a compromise between high cruising speed and low landing speed, because they may be extended when needed, and retracted into the wing’s structure when not needed.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• There are four common types of flaps: • plain, split, slotted, and Fowler flaps.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• The plain flap is the simplest of the four types.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• It increases the airfoil camber, resulting in a significant increase in the coefficient of lift (CL) at a given AOA.

• At the same time, it greatly increases drag and moves the center of pressure (CP) aft on the airfoil, resulting in a nose-down pitching moment.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• The split flap is deflected from the lower surface of the airfoil and produces a slightly greater increase in lift than the plain flap.

• When fully extended, both plain and split flaps produce high drag with little additional lift.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• The most popular flap on aircraft today is the slotted flap.

• Slotted flaps increase the lift coefficient significantly more than plain or split flaps.

Secondary Flight ControlsFlaps

• Fowler flaps are a type of slotted flap.

• This flap design not only changes the camber of the wing, it also increases the wing area.

• Instead of rotating down on a hinge, it slides backwards on tracks.

Questions / Comments

Lesson Closure - 3 – 2 - 1

3. List 3 things you learned today.

1. Create (1) quiz question with answer about today’s lesson.

2. List 2 things you have questions about today’s lesson.