Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does this make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Questions / Comments

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does the make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls

• There are three flight situations in which the critical AOA can be exceeded: low speed, high speed, and turning.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does the make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls

• In a turn, additional lift is acquired by applying back pressure to the elevator control.

• This increases the wing’s AOA, and results in increased lift.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls

• If during a turn the AOA becomes excessive, the aircraft stalls.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does this make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls• To balance the

aircraft aerodynamically, the CL is normally located aft of the CG.

• This makes the aircraft inherently nose-heavy, downwash on the horizontal stabilizer counteracts this condition.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does the make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls• Airfoil shape and degradation of that shape must also be considered in a discussion of stalls.

• If ice, snow, and frost are allowed to accumulate on the surface of an aircraft, the smooth airflow over the wing is disrupted.

Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:

1) What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur?

2) In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft?

3) To balance an aircraft aerodynamically, what is located aft of CoG and what does the make the aircraft “naturally feel?”

4) What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow?

5) If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Warm-Up – 11/18 – 10 minutes

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers

Stalls

• If ice is allowed to accumulate on the aircraft during flight the weight of the aircraft is increased while the ability to generate lift is decreased.

Questions / Comments

November 18 1930 — The Boeing XP-9

monoplane fighter makes its first flight in Dayton, Ohio.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION

November 18 1949 — A United States

Air Force Douglas C-74 “Globemaster” carries a record number of 103 persons.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION

Questions / Comments

SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY           

3 4 5

Chapter 4

Forces of Flight - Turns

6 7

Chapter 4

Forces of Flight – Climbs

Decents

8 9

           

10 11

No School

12

Chapter 4

Forces of Flight

Stalls

13 14

Chapter 4

Forces of Flight

Stalls

15 16

             

17 18

Chapter 4

Forces of Flight

Basic Propeller Principles

19 20

Chapter 4

Chapter 4 Quiz

Flight

Simulator

21 22

FltLine Friday

Flight

Simulator

Progress Reports

23

             

24 25

No School

26

No School

27

No School

28

No School

29

No School

30

           

November 2013

Questions / Comments

Chapter 4 – Aerodynamics of FlightFAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Mission: Identify in writing the forces acting on an aircraft in flight. Describe how the forces of flight work and how to control them

with the use of power and flight controls essential to flight. Describe the aerodynamics of flight. Describe in writing how design, weight, load factors, and gravity

affect an aircraft during flight maneuvers.

EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the

student pilot learning to fly.

Today’s Mission Requirements

Basic Propeller Principles• The aircraft

propeller consists of two or more blades and a central hub to which the blades are attached.

• Each blade of an aircraft propeller is essentially a rotating wing.

Basic Propeller Principles

• The propeller blades are like airfoils and produce forces that create the thrust to pull, or push, the aircraft through the air.

Basic Propeller Principles• The blade element

is an airfoil comparable to a cross-section of an aircraft wing.

• One surface of the blade is cambered or curved, similar to the upper surface of an aircraft wing, while the other surface is flat like the bottom surface of a wing.

Basic Propeller Principles• The chord line is

an imaginary line drawn through the blade from its leading edge to its trailing edge.

• As in a wing, the leading edge is the thick edge of the blade that meets the air as the propeller rotates.

Basic Propeller Principles

• The pitch of a propeller may be designated in inches.

• A propeller designated as a “74-48” would be 74 inches in length and have an effective pitch of 48 inches.

Basic Propeller Principles

• The pitch is the distance in inches, which the propeller would screw through the air in one revolution if there were no slippage.

Basic Propeller Principles• The shape of the

blade also creates thrust because it is cambered like the airfoil shape of a wing.

• As the air flows past the propeller, the pressure on one side is less than that on the other.

Basic Propeller Principles• The airflow over

the wing has less pressure, and the force (lift) is upward.

• Instead of a horizontal plane, the area of decreased pressure is in front of the propeller, and the force (thrust) is in a forward direction.

Basic Propeller Principles

• The reason a propeller is “twisted” is that the outer parts of the propeller blades, like all things that turn about a central point, travel faster than the portions near the hub.

Basic Propeller Principles

• Propeller blades are twisted to change the blade angle in proportion to the differences in speed of rotation along the length of the propeller, keeping thrust more nearly equalized along this length.

Questions / Comments

Lesson Closure - 3 – 2 - 1

3. List 3 things you learned today.

1. Create (1) quiz question with answer about today’s lesson.

2. List 2 things you have questions about today’s lesson.