Warm-Up: 10-16 and 10-19 Make sure your notebook is organized and your table of contents is in order...
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Transcript of Warm-Up: 10-16 and 10-19 Make sure your notebook is organized and your table of contents is in order...
Warm-Up: 10-16 and 10-19 Make sure your notebook is
organized and your table of contents is in order for the notebook quiz today!
Table of Contents Update: Page 35: Notebook Quiz #1 Page 36: Notes: Hinduism
and Buddhism
Agenda: 10-16 and 10-19 1. Warm-Up: Judaism/Hebrews
Review 2. Notebook Quiz #1 (1-25) 3. Notes: Hinduism and Buddhism 4. Primary Source Analysis Group
Activity
HOMEWORK: Read/notes - Ch. 3, Sec. 1 in textbook; study for RELIGIONS QUIZ
World Religions:Hinduism
Background Info Hinduism is a religion that
began in India. The religion dates back to
1500 B.C., making it the world’s oldest religion.
There are 750 million Hindus in the world today.
No concrete, single founder for the Hindu faith.
The vast majority of Hindus live in India and Nepal.
Place of Origin/Current “Heart” of Hinduism
Basic Beliefs: Hindus believe in a single
Divinity or supreme God that is present in everything called Brahman.
Belief in different “forms” of supreme God as well EX: Shiva, Shakti, and Ganesh.
Hinduism’s Holy Place Could
include various cities throughout India
Varanasi is a good example
Basic Beliefs Reincarnation:
Belief that the soul repeatedly goes through a cycle of being born into a body, dying, and being reborn again in a new body.
Karma: Determines quality of each life,
depending on how well one behaved in a past life.
Hindus = we create karma by our actions on earth If you live a good life, you create good
karma. If you live a bad life, you create bad karma.
Basic Beliefs Concept of moksha
Each time a Hindu soul is born into a better life, it has the opportunity to improve itself further, and get closer to moksha, or “ultimate liberation”
This liberation is called Moksha.
The way to get to Moksha is to not create any BAD karma.
Sacred Writings/Holy Writings The Vedas
Collections of Sanskrit hymns (written down 1200-900BCE, but based on older oral versions).
The UpanishadsThe inner/mystic teaching
passed down from guru (teacher) to disciple (student).
Sacred Writings/Holy Texts Mahabharata = “great story” One of the great epic poems of
ancient India. It was written between 300 BC and
AD. 300. The story is about the battle of one
family over a kingdom in northern India.
The Bhagavad Gita (Song of God) is contained in the Mahabharata. It is dialogue between Krishna and the hero Arjuna on the meaning of life.
Religion’s Impact on Society Each Hindu has 4 daily
duties based on respect and honor: 1. Revere the deities 2. Respect ancestors 3. Respect all beings 4. Honor all humankind
Religion’s Impact on SocietyInstitution of the caste systemBrahmin : priests
Kshatriya: warriors, administrators
Vaistrya: farmers, merchants, teachers, artisans
Sudras: servants, laborersUntouchables
World Religions:Buddhism
Background Info Followed by 300 million people “Buddhism” comes from budhi, or
'to awaken'. Has origins about 2,500 years
ago Founder = Siddhartha
Gautama (Buddha), “awakened” (enlightened) at the age of 35.
The Buddhist faith has its roots in India.
The largest concentration of Buddhists today is in East Asia/China.
Place of Origin/Current “Heart” of Hinduism
Buddhism’s Founder Siddhartha Gautama
Born into a royal family in northern India Realizes wealth and luxury did not
guarantee happiness Decides to leave the palace and see the
world GOAL: to find the key to happiness Meditates for 6 years Discovers enlightenment becomes
known as the Buddha Spends the rest of his life teaching Buddhism
enlightenment
Buddhism’s Holy Place Lumbini and
Kusinara
Lumbini = where Buddha found his enlightenment
Kusinara = where Buddha died
Basic BeliefsConcept of nirvana
Reaching total enlightenment
Follow Four Noble Truths, 8-Fold Path to achieve nirvana
Basic BeliefsThe Buddha taught many
things, but the basic concepts in Buddhism can be summed up by the 1) Four Noble Truths and the 2) Noble Eightfold Path.
Basic Beliefs Four Noble Truths 1. Life is suffering: meaning life includes
pain, (getting old, being lonely, being sad, disease and ultimately death).
2. Suffering is caused by cravings and desires.
3. Suffering can be overcome by eliminating our wants and our desires, leading one on the path towards nirvana.
4. Suffering can be overcome by following the Eightfold Path.
Basic Beliefs Eightfold Path – leads to end
of suffering
Sacred Writings/Holy Writings The Tripitaka The Sutras
Religion’s Impact on Society Buddhism supports a
society sustained by karma, compassion, and wisdom.
Goal of Buddhism: Give a purpose to society, to explain injustice/inequalities, give society a means to find happiness