“Walk to Work” Housing Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) Group Rapid Transit (GRT)
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Transcript of “Walk to Work” Housing Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) Group Rapid Transit (GRT)
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Leading Edge Transportation Planning and Transportation
Steve Raney, Executive Director, Cities21.org
• “Walk to Work” Housing
• Personal Rapid Transit (PRT)
• Group Rapid Transit (GRT)
• Digital Hitchhiking
• Oil price spike planning.
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Walk to Work Housing• Inefficient U.S. settlement patterns
• For U.S. suburbs, we drive everywhere– 12,000 km commute per year per person.
Home Job
Grocery, recreation
20 km
5 km5 km
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Walk to Work Housing• U.S. Policy solution: “walk to work housing”
– Apply to large, new housing developments– Housing prioritized for short commutes
• Commute distance verified by employer / tax records
– Monthly 400Y tax for long commutes
• Best traffic reduction solution ever.
Home Job1 km
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Walk to Work Housing - Tianjin• Government strongly influences residential location,
but not as much as 20 years ago• Beijing study: Commute time increased by 30%.
Home Job distance increased. "Transportation Implications of
Land Development in a Transitional Economy: Evidence from Housing Relocation in Beijing, China" (TRB 2006, #06-0670)
• Tianjin government could exert stronger influence over car owners’ residential location selection– Tax long commutes
• Comments?.
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PRT – Personal Rapid Transit• Similar to a monorail. Video, MS Campus
• No waiting, cars wait for you
• 50 km/hour
• Bypasses intermediate stations – Non-stop
• 3 person, electric vehicles
• Automated, driverless, 24x7.
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PRT – Proposed for Microsoft Campus• See map
• 40,000 employees, 4 square km
• Train, bus, carpool PRT network– Distribute bus passengers to 29 PRT stations
• 17 km elevated PRT guideway
• Cost estimate: 48MM Y per km.
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4 PRT Developments• For 2010 operation
• “ULTra”, Cardiff, United Kingdom– 80 MM Y British Airport Authority
investment for small Heathrow airport system
• Korean steelmaker Posco, 320 MM Y – First system: Uppsala, Sweden
• Korea Railroad Research Institute: 240 MM Y
• Dubai has a PRT procurement.
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PRT – Proposed to Guangzhou
• Proposed to Nansha Vice Mayor– Develop as Chinese export industry
• Vice Mayor said, “China will have much lower cost than 48 MM Y per km”
• Vice Mayor said No to proposal. No good local application. Driverless is too advanced
• Comments?.
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GRT – Group Rapid Transit• GRT: Morgantown, West Virginia
• 13 km, 5 stations, 71 23-person vehicles
– third rail, rubber tires, steer
• 2.5 BB Y (2006 $)
• 30 years automated operation
• Heated guideway melts snow.
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GRT – Morgantown: station design
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GRT: Cybertran - SF Bay Area• Development has stalled
• 15 passengers, 12 m vehicle
• Steel wheel on steel rail
• Third rail
• Columns on railroad ballast– Upon earthquake, realign.
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GRT• Bishop Austrans – Australia
– Under development– 9 passenger vehicles – Steel wheels / rail– Third rail
• Megarail – Texas– Under development– 16 passenger vehicles– Rubber tires– Third rail– Can couple vehicles.
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GRT - Tianjin• As feeder for metro
• Could have drivers
• Couple vehicles into trains
• Could stop at every station– Online stations
• Simple stations
• Export industry
• Comments?.
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Digital Hitchhiking Proposal
• Leaves: Microsoft campus
• Trunk: 6 km, 30 minute bus, 400 workers
• Roots: 2,000 cars enter trunk, pick up workers. High frequency
• RFID & cellular..
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Oil Price Spike Planning• Dirty bomb at Saudi oil fields
– Gas price doubles
• U.S. does not plan
• United Kingdom does plan:– Increase biking, telecommuting, transit service– Restrict driving, reduce speed limit
• Tianjin?
• THE END