NutNet data update 15 Aug 2011 Data management update Taxonomic resolution update
WALDHeP Update
description
Transcript of WALDHeP Update
-
Monitoring canine populations as part of a dog health program in Australian
Indigenous communities
Elizabeth Tudor, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of Melbourne, Victoria Australia
-
Dogs in Australian Indigenous communities
Over 600 remote Indigenous communities in Australia
Most have significant dog populations Many receive no veterinary care
-
Dog populations in Indigenous communities
The issues: Dog numbers Dog noise- barking and fighting at night disturbs peoples sleep Dog litter - faeces - spilling of rubbish and scavenging Dog bites Dog diseases- zoonosis Cruelty to dogs
-
The canine health program: WALDHeP
West Arnhem Dog Health Program
(WALDHeP) established and supported by Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne
-
The canine health program: WALDHeP
Goals: To make a measurable difference to the health
and well being of dogs of West Arnhem and thereby to contribute to the well being of their owners.
Annual visits provide: Surgical de-sexing program House to house consultation with parasite control
program and other veterinary care Support for ongoing Council-run parasite control
program Annual audit of dog population and health status
-
Western Arnhem Land Dog
Health Program
-
Does your dog need an operation? Does your dog have bad skin? Would you like him to see the vet?
Rick and Liz, Lucy, Frances and the Durruk Doctor Mob
will be in Gunbalanya next week (Monday July 14th- Friday July 18th)
Please talk to Janetta at the Council office
and let her know where you live and which of your dogs needs treatment.
-
Population control - surgical de-sexing
-
Community outreach and parasite control program
-
Capacity building in parasite control program
-
Measures of dog population health
Population size Percentage entire dogs Body condition score Skin score
-
Map of Gunbalanya Three camps
Arguluk
Middle Camp
Banyan
-
Results of longitudinal dog audit April- October 2009
118 115
105 105 99
88
58 65
61
52 52 46
35 29
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
April May June July August September October
Arguluk Middle Camp
Numbers of identifiable (microchipped) dogs in each of two camps over 7 month period
-
Body condition
score a 1-9 scale
-
Skin Scoring 1-5 scale
1
2
3 4
5
-
Audit of skin health
Skin health Higher
proportion of entire dogs have poorer skin health
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1 2 3 4 5
Per
cent
age
of d
ogs
Skin Score
Male Entire, n=60
Female Entire, n=31
Male Desexed, n=37
Female Desexed, n=25
-
Measures of dog population health 2007-2010
Population size decreased from >400 dogs to 320 dogs
Percentage entire dogs decreased from 80% to 17%
Body condition score improved- 85% of dogs in ideal body condition
Skin score improved - 75% of dogs have no evidence skin
disease
-
Ongoing Monitoring- File maker Pro
-
Search and Sort Find function Houses with two entire
dogs
-
Keys to successful programs in Indigenous communities
Relationship building Reliability Sustainability
-
Acknowledgements Faculty of Veterinary Science, UoM
West Arnhem Shire Council Colleagues
Dr Lucy White Dr Frances Higgins Dr Matthew Ray Dr Alison Ray Professor Robin Gasser Assoc Professor Jenny Charles Dr Brian ODonohue Dr Ewen Macmillan
Students of Western Arnhem Land Dog Health Program Lilly Brophy, Julie Ward Daniel Tung, Nicola le Blanc Smith, Kate Thompson Lizzie Goldstraw, Nao Takeuchi, Kathryn Andrews Lachlan Hughes, Keshe Shuan Chow Hugh Crockford, Rose Hadden, Clare Matheson Wei Kee Ang, Julia de Bruyn, Ben Kaye Trent Taylor Jarrett Brown, Elana McKeown, Jaclyn Gatt, Sally Anne Richter Cassie Nelson, Ashley Phipps, Roslyn Choi, Jemima Amery-Gale,
Yvette Lam, Rebekah Liffman, Nadia Wong Rikki Ciolek, Karienne Black, Lexi Austen-Wishart, Crystal Lord,
Stacia Thompson, Natalie Roadknight, Penny Witt Jurox Pharmaceutical Bayer Animal Health Braun Surgical
-
The screening of canine populations for parasites with zoonotic potential, as part of a canine health program in Australian
Indigenous communities
-
The zoonotic risk
A tropical climate Poor sanitation
-
The zoonotic risk People live in close association with
their dogs
-
The zoonotic risk Dogs are free roaming
-
Canine infectious agents with zoonotic potential
Ectoparasites Sarcoptes scabiei var canis (scabies) Ctenocephalides spp (Fleas)
Endoparasites Nematodes
Ancylostoma (hook worm) Toxocara canis ( round worm) Strongyloides stercoralis (putative zoonosis)
Protozoans Giardia duodenalis spp Cryptosporidium parvum and hominis
-
Estimating burden of zoonotic disease
Ectoparasite infestation
Assessment of skin health, confirmed by skin scraping
Endoparasite infestation Faecal examination
Flotation method with microscopic identification of egg (helminths) or parasite (protozoans)
Molecular methods
-
Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burden
Allow identification and genetic characterization of canine parasites of zoonotic potential
Methodology: faecal samples collected from ground or directly
from the dog (during handling for other surgical procedures)
Stored frozen for transport to laboratory polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based mutation
scanning and sequencing employed to screen for helminths and protozoa with zoonotic potential
-
Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burden
Four samples were positive for
the macropod helminth Labiostrongylus spp
One sample was positive for the porcine helminth Metastrongylus spp
In both cases, positive samples were obtained from dogs residing in areas close to a household that owned an animal of the host species
The positive identification was assumed to be the result of coprophagy and passage of eggs or worms through the dog
Sites of collection of faecal samples positive for macrpod helminth Labiostrongylus spp (red)
and porcine helminth Metastrongylus spp (blue) in Gunbalanya
-
Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burden
21% of 130 samples were positive for A. Caninum (hookworm) despite a community wide monthly treatment program
1% of 130 samples were positive for Giardia duodenalis (assemblage C)
Sites of collection of faecal samples positive for A Caninum in Gunbalanya
-
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that molecular methods are sensitive
tools for screening animal populations for diseases with zoonotic potential
Large sample numbers can be collected readily, and screened for a range of infestations
Future work can expand the application of these techniques to screen for other parasite species, and to improve understanding of the reservoir of infection in the canine population, and the potential for transmission to people
Careful sampling and recording will inform the ongoing dog health program, as well as health management strategies for Indigenous people.
Monitoring canine populations as part of a dog health program in Australian Indigenous communities Dogs in Australian Indigenous communitiesDog populations in Indigenous communitiesSlide Number 4 The canine health program: WALDHeP The canine health program: WALDHePSlide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Community outreach and parasite control programSlide Number 11Slide Number 12 Measures of dog population healthMap of GunbalanyaResults of longitudinal dog audit April- October 2009Slide Number 16Skin Scoring1-5 scaleAudit of skin health Measures of dog population health 2007-2010Ongoing Monitoring- File maker ProSlide Number 21Search and Sort Keys to successful programs in Indigenous communitiesSlide Number 24The screening of canine populations for parasites with zoonotic potential, as part of a canine health program in Australian Indigenous communitiesThe zoonotic riskThe zoonotic riskThe zoonotic risk Canine infectious agents with zoonotic potential Estimating burden of zoonotic disease Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burden Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burden Molecular methods for estimation of parasite burdenConclusions