Wahhabism
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Transcript of Wahhabism
WahhabismPresenters: Khayala Jafarova Elchin Hasanov Toghrul Novruzlu
Outline
• Wahhabism in Azerbaijan
The Background of Wahhabism• Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab
(1703-1792)
Studies in Medina, Basra Dissemination of his views
• Emergence of Saudi-Wahhabi Pact
First Saudi State (1744-1818) Second Saudi State (1818-1891)
Third Saudi State (1932)
The Background of Wahhabism
Salafism or Wahhabism?
Theological FoundationsTawhid
The idea of takfir, shirk
Sources of law: “Koran” and “Sunna”
Ibn-Taymiyyah’s influence
# Non-acceptance of “ijma”, “qiyas”, “bida”
# Ijtihad
Obligations No other object for worship than Allah (the common practice of worshiping Muslim
saints was rejected), that is, intercession is prohibited
No vows to be made to any human being
Mandatory attendance at public prayers
No visit to graves
No shrines to be built over the graves
No tombstones
No celebration of the birthday of Prophet Muhammad
Obligations No other name than the name of Allah may enter a prayer;
No smoking of tobacco;
No shaving of the beard;
No abusive language;
Rosaries are forbidden; Names of God are to be counted on the knuckles of one hand
No music
Antropomorhic concepts of God are believed: Quranic text’s of God’s hand, his hearing and seeing, along with his ascent to the throne, are literrally interpreted
Links to terrorism
Jihad-e-AkbarJihad-e-Akbar
Jihad-e-AsgharJihad-e-Asghar
JihadJihad
Jihad-e-Ashgar
The concept of Jihad in Wahhabism:
1)Jihad against those who disconfirm tawhid
“Whoever affirms that there is no god but God and denies all other objects of worship, safeguards his blood, property, and fate with God”
2) Jihad against those do not act in accordance with the commands of the Wahhabi-Saudi enterprise
3)“Jihad can be declared only by the sovereign ruler”
Contemporary JihadSayyid Qutb – Chief ideologist of Global Jihad
A member of Muslim Brotherhood influenced by Ibn Taymiyyah
His concept of Jihad:
•The societies should be politically and socially guided by no other ideology but Islam
•In such states, different rulers lead the people who should be led by God only. Hence, such regimes should be overthrown
Rise of Terrorism
• Al-Saud defending Ikhwan and giving a shelter to radical Muslim Brothers
• The start of the Afghan War and Saudi support
Strategy of Global Jihad:
•Overthrowing all the “infidel” governments and creating a chaos after which the Jihadists will be invited to establish their rule
•Destroying the US
•Offensive Jihad is justifiable
The Vanguard of the Global Jihad
Osama Bin-Laden – Attended élite secular Al-Thager Model School, then, studied Economics and Business Administration at King Abdul-Aziz University
Studied at Dar-al-ulum teachers’ college, Colorado State College of Education, worked in Wilson Teachers' College in Washington, D.C, Stanford University
Ayman al-Zawahiri- A Graduate of Cairo University, with an MA degree in surgery
Anwar al-Awlaki- B.S. in Civil Engineering from Colorado State University, an incomplete degree from Education Leadership at San Diego State University; a doctorate degree on Human Resource Development at George Washington University
Abdullah Azzam- Did BA in Sharia in University ofDamascus, did MA in sharia in Al-Azhar University, earned PHD in Al-Azhar University
Conspiracy theories
Confessions of a British Spy – Published in 1888. The assumed author is Ayyub Sabri Pasha.
Wahhabism in AzerbaijanSalafi militants entering Azerbaijan from North Caucasus
Socio-economic problems creating a conducive environment
Salafists’ rights violated
Referenceshttp://books.google.az/books?id=4ezhbAk_OeIC&pg=PT163&lpg=PT163&dq=Wahhabi+rosaries+forbidden&source=bl&ots=7LuogpTuUQ&sig=RGIyvfqKbMMUWS3C7EdJR1LOORY&hl=az&sa=X&ei=S1OaUumWOsfPtQa0sICQCA&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Wahhabi%20rosaries%20forbidden&f=false
http://books.google.az/books?id=bqwrA5KlYxwC&pg=PA235&dq=rosaries+forbidden+Wahhabism&hl=en&sa=X&ei=p22fUqqZM4Wt4ASZ_oCYDg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=rosaries%20forbidden%20Wahhabism&f=false
http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/Z5212T.pdf
http://www.international.ucla.edu/cms/files/davidcomminsrvsd.pdf
http://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/cp/CP2.pdf
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVQBup4ed9Q
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeN_hCqddhs
http://www.missionfrontiers.org/pdfs/23-4-wood.pdf
http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/display.cfm?pubID=809
http://www.fpri.org/pubs/Helfont.SunniDivide.pdf
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http://article.wn.com/view/2013/10/30/127_killed_in_Nigerian_city/
http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1060479.html
Ter-Abrahamyan, Hrant, “Islamism in South Caucasus”, Iran & the Caucasus, 2007
http://www.ummah.com/forum/showthread.php?279816-Biography-of-sayyid-qutb