Vulnerabilities and Small Islands October 24, 2002 COP 8 New Delhi, India.
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Transcript of Vulnerabilities and Small Islands October 24, 2002 COP 8 New Delhi, India.
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Vulnerabilities and Small Islands
October 24, 2002COP 8 New Delhi, India
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The Maldives
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Geography
• A chain of coral atolls 860 km long, 80 -120 km wide
• 26 geographical atolls
• Over 5,000 separate reefs
• 1,192 islands
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Geography - islands• average height above
mean sea level is 1.5 m• over 80% of land area less
than 1m above mean sea level
• size: from 0.5 to 2 sq.km• 3 islands greater than 3
sq.km• total land area:
approximately 300 sq.km
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Vulnerabilities to Climate Change
1. Land loss and beach erosion
2. Infrastructure damage and economic impacts
3. Food security
4. Damage to coral reefs
5. Water resources
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Sea level rise
• Most susceptible – least defensible
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Land loss and beach erosion
• 80% land area less than 1 m above MSL
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Beach erosion
• Severe beach erosion in over 50% of islands
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Infrastructure damage and economic impacts
• Airport is extremely vulnerable• Ground level of airport does
not exceed 1.7m above MSL• Runway of airport partly
flooded during high wave incidence of 1987
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Infrastructure damage and economic impacts
• Tourism – major source of revenue• Marine dive sites at risk• Infrastructure damage – investment risks
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Fisheries
• Tuna main source of protein
• 85kg/yr/capita consumption
• Main export
• Tuna affected by seasonal monsoon as well as ENSO events
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Food security
• Agriculture
• Heavy import dependency
• Food storage and distribution
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Damage to coral reefs
• Bleaching
• 80% in shallow water
• 30-45% at depths of 10-30m
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Water resources
• 25% groundwater
• 25% desalinated water
• 50% rainwater
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Thank you