Voting Maching

7/28/2019 Voting Maching

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RFID BASED VOTING MACHING

Submitted By:

INTRODUCTION


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Many secure systems, such as contactless credit cards and secure

entrance systems, are built with contactless smartcard RFID

technologies.

In many cases these systems are claimed to be secure based on the

assumption that readers and tags need to be in close proximity

(about5cm) in order to communicate. However, it is known that

this proximity assumption is false: Relay attacks are a class of

hardware-based attacks which compromise the safety of suchsystems by dramatically extending interrogation range of the

contactless system. Interestingly, the proposed Israeli e-voting

scheme is based on contactless smartcards. In this work we show

how the proposed system can be completely compromised using

low-cost relay attacks. Our attacks allow an adversary to read out

all votes already cast into the ballot box, suppress the votes of one

or several voters, rewrite votes at will and even completely

disqualify all votes in a single voting station. Our attacks are easy

to mount, very difficult detect, and compromise both the

confidentiality and the integrity of the election system.


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HARDWARE USED

1. 89S52 Microcontroller

2. Voltage regulator 7805.

3. Diode IN4007

4. RFID Module.

5. Some other components.

SOFTWARE USED

1. Keil u-Vision 3.0

Keil Software is used provide you with software development tools

for 8051 based microcontrollers. With the Keil tools, you can

generate embedded applications for virtually every 8051

derivative. The supported microcontrollers are listed in the -

vision.

2 PRO51 Programmer Software


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AN INTRODUCTION TO 8051

MICROCONTROLLER:

When we have to learn about a new computer we have to

familiarize about the machine capability we are using, and we can

do it by studying the internal hardware design (devices

architecture), and also to know about the size, number and the size

of the registers.

A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor

(the CPU), non-volatile memory for the program (ROM or flash),

volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a clock and an I/O

control unit. Also called a "computer on a chip," billions of

microcontroller units (MCUs) are embedded each year in a myriad

of products from toys to appliances to automobiles. For example, a

single vehicle can use 70 or more microcontrollers. The following

picture describes a general block diagram of microcontroller.

INTRODUCTION TO RFID


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Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an automatic

identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving

data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. The

technology requires some extent of cooperation of an RFID reader

and an RFID tag.

An RFID tag is an object that can be applied to or incorporated

into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification

and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from

several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader.

An RFID tag is an object that can be applied to or incorporated

into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification

and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from

several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader.

What is RFID?

A basic RFID system consists of three components:

a) An antenna or coil

b) A transceiver (with decoder)

c) A transponder (RF tag)

Electronically programmed with unique information. There are

many different types of RFID systems out in the market. They are


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categorized according to their frequency ranges. Some of the most

commonly used RFID kits are as follows:

1) Low-frequency (30 KHz to 500 KHz)

2) Mid-Frequency (900KHz to 1500MHz)

3) High Frequency (2.4GHz to 2.5GHz)

These frequency ranges mostly tell the RF ranges of the tags from

low frequency tag ranging from 3m to 5m, mid-frequency ranging

from 5m to 17m and high frequency ranging from 5ft to 90ft. The

cost of the system is based according to their ranges with low-

frequency system ranging from a few hundred dollars to a high-

frequency system ranging somewhere near 5000 dollars.

Typical Applications for RFID Automatic Vehicle identification

Inventory Management

Work-in-Process

Container/ Yard Management

Document/ Jewelry tracking

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT


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KEYPAD

P89C51

MICRO

CONTROLLER

REGULATED

POWER

SUPPLY

BUZZER

LCD

DISPLAY

RFID READER

& TAG

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