Voltaire Index

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V O L T A I R E

I N D E XTO HIS

W ORKS, GENIUS, AND CHARACTER

WITH AN

A P P R E C I A T I O N

OF VOLTAIRE

BY

O L I V E R H . G . L E I G H

AND A PORTRAIT STUDY IN PHOTOGRAVURE

“He goes to te !otto" o# e$e%& s'!(e)t, *+e e o-& see"s to s+" te s'%#/)e.0

AKRON, OHIO

T H E W E R N E R C O 1 P A N Y



I am a heritage because I

brine, you years of tboupbt

and the lore of time ^-^

I impart yet I can Dot speaks

I have treaveled a mo 105 tbe

peoples of tbe eartb -^ I

am a rover-^ Oft-trpes

I strc^y fron! tbe "ire side,

of tbe oi!# u$bo loves ard

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*his sketch is an attempt to realise the dignity of char-

acter that must al>ays have given unusual impressiveness

to a face so lit up >ith rench vivacity. *he fe> por-

traits that have come do>n to us are the >ork of artists

>ho >ere chieAy attracted by oltaireBs brilliance. *he

admirable bust by 7oudon C>ho >as brought to this

country to take a life-mask of ashington for the na-

tional statue, depicts the keen critic and satirist rather

than the student and philosopher. Its smirk and gesture,

its theatrical air, convey little or no suggestion of the

philanthropist, the life-long champion of the persecuted,

the author of the epoch-making <*reatise on *oleration.<

7uberBs miniature outline sketches cleverly portray the

>onderfully eEpressive face in a number of character

and caricature types, >ith a success fe> actors can hope

to approach. *he portraits of oltaire as a young man

and in mid-age are only conventional, and even the later

ones, >hen time and ripe genius had graven those elo-

Fuent lines that give such po>er to a naturally fascinating

countenance, are rendered tame by the absurd >igs and

frills that have robbed us of the veritable likenesses of so

many famous men.

*his, then, is an honest attempt to reproduce the linea-

ments of oltaire from the several accurate, but single-

mood, portraits. It seeks to combine the lighter char-

acteristics of the many-sided and gifted >it and philosopher

>ith those profounder Fualities of heart and brain, sho>-

ing him in his mello> years, the champion of right victo-

rious, and the pioneer of our centuryBs enlightened thought,

a noble face that >ould have given distinction to any

eFually gifted >earer of the 'apal tiara.

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:ustom dulls our perceptions of the ludicrous, as

the conventionalities of our familiar speech and

manners prove. It is responsible for graver o@enses

than that of enslaving us to harmless absurdities. It

has lent a make-believe verity to many a deep-

rooted delusion, and HEed rose-tinted spectacles on

eyes that have never since tried to see the truth

in plain daylight. ?ost of us >hose mother tongue

is )nglish >ere brought up in the vague belief that

:o>perBs <brilliant renchman,< oltaire, >as an

atheist. In our mildest moods he >as at best an

<inHdel.< 'ious custom, >ell-meaning in its good

old grandmotherly >ay, deemed it right and >ise

to administer this sort of soporiHc so liberally that

the average lifetime might glide a>ay >ithout our

a>akening suciently to see that the only <inH-

dels< are those >ho, professing a belief, become

secretly unfaithful to it. *his absurd, or heinous,

inHdelity is more apparent in those >ho >ear the

livery and accept the >ages of an established pro-

fession, >hose instructions they evade or defy, yet

do not resign.

J

K /ppreciation

*o this po>erful source >e o>e me curious fact

that four generations of enlightened /merican and

;ritish people have gro>n up in less pardonable ig-

norance than that of :hristianiLed heathen tribes,

respecting the character and motives, the philosoph-

ical, philanthropic, and literary life->ork of ol-

taire. 8trange indeed that the vast po>er of the

:hurch in its myriad manifestations should have

spent itself these hundred and Hfty years in sho>ing

bitter intolerance, and inspiring its very children

>ith intolerance, against the greatest /postle of



*oleration kno>n to these generations, the like of

>hom the :hurch cannot point to >ithin its pale,

unless it rashly names that universally revered ?ar-

tyr to churchly intolerance, >ho neither founded,

nor dre> up a creed for, the once despotic organiLa-

tion that used 7is name as its phylactery.

:hampions and martyrs have never been lacking

on the side of intellectual liberty against dogmatic

theology and its resultant intolerance of free think-

ing and plain speaking. ;ut the philosophic tem-

per is averse to the Hghting methods >hich delight

the multitude. It vie>s >ith smiling disdain the

encounters bet>een belligerents ill eFuipped >ith

the kind of >eapons that strike deep and deal mortal

blo>s unperceived by the spectators. 'erhaps the

scholar has not even yet received his due for the

Fuiet but tremendous upheaval he has >rought in

the siege of the mediaeval fortress of ignorance.

)rasmus is even yet virtually unkno>n to those >ho

all but deify his boisterous out-door >orkman,

uther.

/ppreciation %



*here has been no champion but oltaire >ho has

combined the Fualities of the philosopher >ith those

of the agile master of the fencing art, >ho has

played so lightly around his adversary >hile serv-

ing such subtle thrusts as are possible only to men

of the profoundest learning. 7e is a phenomenon

among ordinary mortals in the variety and solidity

of his gifts and accomplishments, but more con-

spicuously so in this that a man so over>helmed

>ith the honors, the re>ards, the intoEicating de-

lights of the gay >orld in >hich empresses, kings,

the famous men of )urope, >ere his Aattering

friends, and the people of 'aris, adorers of his >it

and dramas, should at the same time be the most

po>erful advocate of the rights of the >eak poor

against oppressive kings and prelates.

*his amaLing duality of character is matched by

the versatility of resources >hich enabled him at

any moment to cross s>ords >ith a doLen opponents,

coming at him from di@erent points >ith di@erent

>eapons, and to leave them Aoundering.

;efore eEamining the evidence it is >ell to trace

the inAuences that developed oltaireBs character.



:hief among these inAuences >as the nearly three

yearsB visit he paid to )ngland. Intolerance it >as

that caused that fortunate eEperience. 7e had been

consigned to the ;astille a second time, and >as

freed on his promise of self-eEpatriation. oltaire

must himself be consulted to get a full understand-

ing of the impression made on him by the sight of

a people happy under la>s >hich secured them lib-

erty of religion, of thought, and speech. ess

io /ppreciation

liberty than >e are supposed to en&oy to-day, no

doubt, but perhaps as much as they could safely

stand in those days, and at any rate beyond the

dreams of the rench.

In olume 666I6, and freFuently through the

others, oltaire sho>s that he had seen a great

light, and having kindled his torch he >as resolved

to spread it in his o>n darker land. 7is character-

istic thoroughness is to the fore here as every>here.

8o famous >as his name, even in a country bigoted

against everything rench, that, though not yet



thirty-three, he >as enthusiastically >elcomed by the

intellectual ranks. e can hardly realiLe the >eight

of )nglandBs tribute to oltaireBs genius and char-

acter implied in the bare statement that he >on the

friendship of /leEander 'ope, a :atholic$ Dean

8>ift $ +oung, the poet $ ord :hesterHeld $ the

Duchess of ?arlborough$ Mames *homson, the

poet $ ord ;olingbroke, Oliver oldsmith, ay,

;ubb Dodington, :ongreve, 8ir )verard alkener,

and many eFually gifted. *hese names stand for

social eminence, and much more than that. 8ir

Isaac e>ton had oltaire as a true mourner at his

funeral, and as a life-long disciple >ho translated

and eEpounded the e>tonian philosophy for the

rench, and to him the )nglish o>e the story of the

falling apple that started e>ton on his famous

discovery. oltaire >as elected a ello> of the

4oyal 8ociety for the /dvancement of 8cience, the

highest honor of its kind then and no>, conferred

for substantial service.

*his eEperience >as the turning point of his great

/ppreciation n



career. 7e had mastered the language, and >rote

essays and verses in it, >ithin a year. 7e absorbed

the spirit >hich, despite a thousand dra>backs, has

bred in that people a broader conception of true

liberty and has inspired them >ith a deeper rever-

ence for the la>s >hich secure it than is every>here

to be found. hen he returned to rance there set a

foot on its shore >hich from that hour kne> no rest

>hile a mission of practical sympathy >as possible

to the oppressed, or an abuse of po>er could be

kicked and trampled do>n.

*>o conspicuous traits of character must impress

the most superHcial reader. oltaire >as, in liter-

ally every sense of a >ord sadly >eakened by daily

misuse, a great >riter, great in depth, force, bril-

liance, variety, breadth of kno>ledge, and great too,

in Fuantity. ;ut he >as also great as a man of

a@airs, man of the >orld, the >orld of 'aris and

)uropean courts. 8omething stronger than >hat

>e call genius is reFuired to sustain this dual role.

Our geniuses have generally lost in backbone >hat

they gained in their brainpans. oltaire undoubt-

edly eEcelled in the courtier knack of making pro-

found obeisances to royalties, an accomplishment



>e of this plainer age vie> much as >e might

the Htness of a giant for curtseying to a midget.

;ut the backbone >as there, ever erect >hen de-

Hance became its dignity better than pliability, and,

for so attenuated a physiFue, the might of his right

arm >as astounding to the obese creatures of cor-

ruption >ho reeled under its blo>s.

henever >e think of oltaire as the >riter of

1N /ppreciation

the brightest epigrammatic prose, >e should remind

ourselves that he is the same man as the pleader

for *oleration, >ho felt he >as criminal if a smile

escaped him during those years of relentless deter-

mination to eEtort public &ustice and reparation for

the fatal torturing of the innocent alas. hen >e

lose ourselves in delight over his piercing raillery of

his dumbstruck priestly victims, >e must remember

he is also the grave discourser upon the profundities

of philosophers like Descartes, e>ton, ocke, and

the rest as far back as /ristotle and 'lato, their

eFual in keenness of logic, their superior in giving

it lucid eEpression. /nd >hile >e bo> our minds

in presence of the oltaire of the <Dictionary< the

<)ssays< and <8tudies< let us not forget that it is

the same oltaire >hose tragedies and comedies and

droll tales >ere the delight of more countries than

his o>n. /nd as >e pause to realiLe the full stature

of one >hose perfect mental proportions tend to

blind us to the heroic measure of each, >e should

make the e@ort to vie> him in his >orkaday clothes,

the shre>d, enterprising business man, >ho turned

his hand to many undertakings, toiled at them per-

sistently, and prospered as he deserved. /ll this in

the >orkshop, the >eaving mill, the chemical labora-

tory, the counting room, >hile part of each day for

siEty years he >as also the scholar and teacher, poet

and polemic, in his library$ the centre of social

brilliance in the afternoon garden fetes $ the glory

of the daLLling salon in the evenings. as ever so

thin a mortal compounded of so many distinct indi-

vidualities

/ppreciation 1#

o> let us see some of his achievements. In a

day and a continent >here industry and trade >ere

regarded >ith scorn by the aristocracy, oltaire by

his pen and personal eEample put an end to that

suicidal delusion. 7is letters from )ngland sho>

ho> strongly he >as impressed >ith her commer-

cial supremacy. 7e commends her eEample to his

countrymen. ote the pithy literary Fuality of his

short study of this feature PEEEiE. 1QR. *he

)nglish alone had passed from feudalism to the

stable footing of a commercial nation. *heir genius

for trade made them great. *heir common sense

>elcomed the younger nobility and men of learned

professions in the ranks of trade. 7o> di@erent in

ermany and rance, says he. <It appears mon-

strous to a erman, >hose head is full of the coats

of arms and pageants of his family. ... I have

kno>n more than thirty 7ighnesses of the same

name, >hose >hole fortunes and estate put together

amounted to a fe> coats of arms, and the starving

pride they inherited from their ancestors.<

/gain, coming nearer homeG <In rance every-

body is a marFuis$ and a man &ust come from

obscurity, >ith money in his pocket and a name that

ends >ith BacB or BilleB may give himself airs . . .

and hold merchants in the most sovereign contempt.

. . . I >ill not, ho>ever, take upon me to say

>hich is the most useful to his country, and >hich

of the t>o ought to have the preference$ >hether

the po>dered lord, >ho kno>s to a minute >hen

the king rises or goes to bed, perhaps to the bath-

room, and >ho gives himself airs of importance in

1S /ppreciation

playing the part of a slave in the ante-chamber of

some minister$ or the merchant, >ho enriches his

country, and from his counting house sends his

orders into 8urat or :airo, thereby contributing to

the happiness and convenience of human nature.<

oltaire >as a benefactor to his country in sound

teachings upon practical sub&ects. o> that mer-

chants are revelling in the Lenith of po>er they may

proHtably ponder upon the stagnancy from >hich he

aroused his people by his vindication of the dignity

of commerce. ;y a happy balance of favors ol-

taire it >as >ho introduced the Hrst company of

rench actors to the )nglish stage.

7o> much nineteenth century thought o>es of

its clearness and force to oltaireBs eighteenth cen-

tury labors, can hardly be estimated, and can never

be over-estimated. *he <7igher criticism,< of

>hich >e hear so much that means so little, stoops

lo>er than its self-respect should permit in conceal-

ing its indebtedness to this pioneer of criticism at

its highest, boldest, and deadliest. oltaire set the

pace and Fuality >hen prison, ignominious burnings

of his >ork by the hangman, and peril of torture or

death >ere the re>ards, rather less alluring than the

cushioned professorships and publishersB cheFues

>hich no> cro>d the safe Held >ith mediocrities,

>here the knight of valor fought alone.

/gnosticism Hnds its most distinguished ancestor

and propagandist in oltaire. ?etaphysical rea-

soners and philosophic doubters >ill see their

favorite original notions threshed out in the <Dic-

tionary< essays and papers in other volumes. ?any

/ppreciation 15

a <brilliant< essayist, novelist, ma&or and minor

poet, in more lands than one, has dug in the ol-

taire mine for gems of fancy and phrase, still

recognisable by eEperts despite the ingenious cutting.

oltaire >as compassionate to Fuacks of every kind

so long as they >ere harmless. <*he unhappy class

>ho >rite in order to live< is one kind. <:an there

be greater Fuackery than the substitution of >ords

for things, or a >ish to make others believe >hat

>e do not believe ourselves!< *his refers to a

class >ho speak more than they read, and read

more than they reAect.

/ >ord for these times in >hich >e live >as

spoken by oltaire in his /ddress to the rench

/cademy on his reception to membership. <hen

commerce is in a fe> hands, some people make

prodigious fortunes >hile the greater number remain

poor $ but >hen commerce is more >idely di@used,

>ealth becomes general, and great fortunes rare.<

or an unsurpassable eEample of mingled >it, >is-

dom, scholarship, and delicious candor in mordant

criticism, read the <Discourse to the elsh,<

PEEEvii. K%R in >hich eEcessive national vanity, in

rance and else>here, is tickled >ith a &e>elled

rapier.

<)cclesiastics are not the :hurch.< It >as against

this man-made ecclesiasticism, and not against pure

religion, that oltaire Aung his destructive thunder-

bombs. In their impious assumption of odlike

prerogatives these tonsured mummers vengefully

dubbed him <atheist,< as 8ocrates >as branded for

holding to his belief in one supreme deity. /s >ell

1Q /ppreciation

might >e charge ashington >ith <atheism.<

;ishop hite, the ather of the 'rotestant )pis-

copal :hurch in /merica, and ashingtonBs pastor,

testiHed in >riting his doubt >hether that noble

man >as <a believer in the :hristian revelation<

further than being an attendant at services but never

a communicant. 7o> far from atheism >as ol-

taireBs reverent faith and practice is sho>n in every

>riting and act. hich has laid do>n from all eternity the la> >hich

governs all things, like light from the sun.< <*he

eyes have mathematical relations so evident, so

demonstrable, so admirable, >ith the rays of light $

this mechanism is so divine, that I should be tempted

to take for the delirium of a high fever, the audacity

of denying the Hnal causes of their structure.< *he

athers of the early church built up the creed bit

by bit Pin passing, note that popular kno>ledge of

7oly rit as a guide book to heaven has never

grasped it as a >hole $ it has been a scrap-book of

bits of the ;ible onlyR, and laid great stress on its

authenticity, and on the point of faith that the saints

>ho arose at the death of Mesus, died again to rise

>ith 7im a second time. <*he fact is, Psays the

pioneer scholar-critic, and his statement is endorsed

by our foremost orthodoE scholarsR that no person

heard anything of this creed Pas it no> runsR for

over three hundred years. 'eople also say that

'aris >as not made in a day, and people are often

right in their proverbs. . . . /ll these opinions

are absolutely foreign to morality. e must be

/ppreciation 1J

good men, >hether the saints >ere raised once or

t>ice.<

8till, due deference should be paid to authority,

especially >hen it gives ocular demonstration of its

superior sources of kno>ledge. as accompanied by an angel,

armed >ith a Aaming 8>ord, >hich made the king

of the 7uns tremble. . . . *his miracle is very

Hnely painted in the atican, and nothing can be

clearer than that it never >ould have been painted

unless it had actually been true.<

Immense labor >ent into the making of his 7is-

tories. :onsidering the period, and the pressure of

his many occupations, it is nothing short of mar-

velous that oltaire >as able to ransack the

chronicles of older historians, the traditions that are

scattered through general >ritings, the private

memoranda and letters of scholars, not to count the

personal intervie>s- in >hich he eEtracted so much

of fact and valuable side light, for the purpose of

making his o>n records truthful. It is >ell >orth

>hile to turn to the passages in >hich he distin-

guishes himself, or, rather, his method and purpose,

from those of perfunctory narrators of events. 7e

pitched the keynote from >hich the ablest historians

of our time have taken their o>n, that of helping

the reader to look through the smoke of battles to

the fate of the plain people >ho su@ered so griev-

ously by the Fuarrels of kings.

/nd >hat eEFuisite simplicity marks every page.

e may smile at an eighteenth century renchmanBs

astonishment at 8hakespeareBs coarseness, and the

i2 /ppreciation

interesting criticisms upon his dramatic deHciencies.

)ven Oliver oldsmith demolished 7amletBs solil-

oFuy >ith his logic-chopping aEe, a >eapon he

probably borro>ed from oltaire. *he author of

<?erope< and <Taire< eEpressly declares, again and

again, his vie> that, at least in the supreme crises,

the language should be of the simplest, as in those

moments the briefest e&aculations only are natural.

*here is force in this, but not enough to move us

to >ish the lines of 7amlet and Othello >ere prosy.

8pots on the sun do not lessen its glory, and if

oltaire cared not, if he could, to soar >ith the lark

that sings at heavenBs gate, he stands Hrm on the

green earth as the clearest eEpresser of penetrating

and luminous thought among >riters, and he never

speaks but >ith >isdom higher than kno>ledge, and

>ith motives >hose beneHcence surpasses even the

sparkle of their eEpression.

/ study of these pages >ill assist in the pleasing

duty of doing tardy &ustice to one of the >orldBs

most gifted and po>erful intellects. *hey shed

needed light on a man >hose character, genius, and

far-reaching >ork have been obscured, but could

never be eEtinguished by the foes of truth-speaking.

O*/I4)//

*he follo>ing are among the innumerable publications

relating to oltaire >hich appeared during his life and

subseFuently.

oltaire$ a biographical critiFue, by Mohn ?orley, author

of <Diderot and the )ncyclopedists,< etc. I vol. Kvo.

ondon, 1KJN$ e> +ork and :hicago, 1%0N, in con-

nection >ith this edition.

ife of oltaire. ;y Mames 'arton. N vols. Kvo. ;os-



ton and e> +ork. 1KK1.

*he :entenary of oltaire, ?ay #0, 1KJK$ Oratorical es-

tival, 'resident, ictor 7ugo. Discourses of ??.

). 8puller, )mile Deschanel, and . 7ugo. #N1110.,

%Q pages. 'aris, 1KJK.

:entenary of oltaire. ;y ;. astineau, INmo, #Q pages.

;russels. 1KJK.

*o oltaire / 'oem on the Occasion of the :entenary

of oltaire. ;y )rnest :alonne. Kvo, J pages.

'aris. 1KJK.

ive oltaire ive 4ousseau 'oem by /ttale du

:ournan. iQmo, K pages. 'aris. 1KJK.

:entenary of oltaire. 'oem. ;y /. ;aumann yons.

1KJK.

:entenary of oltaire. /n /ppeal to the ood 8ense,

to the 7onor, and to the 'atriotism of ?en of /ll

'arties. ismes. 1KJK.

:entenary of oltaire. ;y ?embers of the 9nited ork-

men of 8t. )tienne. iQmo, K pages. 8t. )tienne.



1KJK.

*he :entenary of oltaire, follo>ed by the 8oul of rance.

;y /. ?arFuery. / song. iQmo, S pages. 'aris.

1KJK.

*he :entenary of oltaire. Sto, N pages. ?arseilles, 1KJK.

1%

NO oltaireana

*he :entenary of oltaire in rance. #N010. 'aris. 1KJK.

7istoric allery of the /ctors in the :ompany of ol-

taire. ith portraits on steel. Kvo, Nd edition. 4e-

cast and augmented. ;y ). de ?aune. yons. 1KJK.

oltaire and 4ousseau, and the 'hilosophy of the )ight-

eenth :entury, i vol. iNtno. ;y 7enri ?artin. 'aris.

1KJK.

oltaire, his ife, his orks, and the InAuence of his Ideas

upon 8ociety. I vol. INmo. 'aris. 1KJK.



oltaire in )Eile. 7is ife and his ork in rance and

in oreign ands, ;elgium, 7olland, 'russia, )ng-

land, 8>itLerland. ith 9npublished etters of ol-

taire and ?adame du :hatelet. ;y ;. astineau. I

vol. INmo. 'aris. 1KJK.

/ erman *ourist at erney in 1JJ5. ;y '. 4istelhuber.

I vol. iQmo. 'aris. 1KJK.

oltaire in 'russia. ;y /lbert *hieriot. INmo. 'aris.

1KJK.

oltaire and 4ousseau. ;y )ugene oel, i vol. iNmo.

'aris. 1KJK.

rederic II. and oltaire. Dedicated to the :entenary

:ommission. I vol. INmo. 'aris. 1KJK.

'rayers, 8ermons, and 4eligious *houghts. *ranslated

from the rench of oltaire, by M. ). Mohnson, 4ector

of 8t. Mohn the )vangelist :hurch, 'hiladelphia. I

vol. iQmo. 'hiladelphia. 1KJK.

etters of ?adame du :hatelet. )dited by )ugene /sse.

I vol. INmo. 'aris. 1KJK.



*he :entenary of oltaire as :elebrated by the ree-

masons in 4ome. Kvo, #S pages. 4ome. 1KJK.

oltairian Iconography. *he 7istory and Description of

>hat >as published upon oltaire by :ontemporary

/rt. ;y ustave Desnoiresterres. S parts, Kvo. 'aris.

1KJK.

oltaire and the :hurch. ;y the /bbe ?oussinot. I vol.

INmo. 'aris. 1KJK.

One 7undred and One /necdotes of oltaire. I vol. INmo.

;y aston de enonville. 'aris. 1KJK.

oltaireana N1

*he ood and the )vil >hich has been said of oltaire.

;y ?aEime de :ideville. I vol. INtno. 'aris. 1KJK.

*o oltaire, a 8onetto Cin Italian, >ith the *ranslation

of the same in rench. ;y ?aron /ntonio :anini.



Kvo, J pages. 'aris. 1KJK.

*he *rue etters of oltaire to the /bbe ?oussinot.

'ublished for the Hrst time from the /utographs in

the ;ibliotheFue ationale. ;y :ourtat. INmo. 'aris.

1KJ5-

ife and *imes of rancois-?arie /rouet, calling himself

oltaire. ;y rancis )spinasse. Kvo, ondon. 1KJQ.

oltaire and rench 8ociety in the )ighteenth :entury.

/ ;iography in eight volumes. Kvo. ;y ustave

Desnoiresterres. 'aris. 1KJQ.

oltaire and the 'eople of eneva. ;y M. aberel,

former pastor. INmo. 'aris. 1K5J.

*he 'hilosophy of oltaire. ;y )rnest ;ersot. INmo.

'aris. 1K5K.

Mean alas and 7is amily. /n 7istoric 8tudy from

Original Documents. ;y /thanase :oFuerel, Mun.,



'astor of the 4eformed :hurch. INmo. 'aris. 1K5K.

oltaire at erney. 7is correspondence >ith the Duchess

of 8aEe-otha. :ollected and edited by ??. )var-

iste and ;avouE. Kvo. 'aris. 1KQ0.

oltaire and 7is 8choolmasters. /n )pisode of :lassical

earning in rance. ;y /leEis 'ierron. INmo. 'aris.

1KQJ.

*he *rue oltaire, the ?an, and the *hinker. ;y )d-

ouard de 'omery. / ;iography. Kvo. 'aris. 1KQJ.

oltaire. ;y David rederic 8trauss. 1KJ0.

oltaire and the rench 4evolution. ;y :. agel. Kvo,

1JQ pages. 1K#%.

*he 7ousekeeping and inance of oltaire, >ith an In-

troduction upon :ourt and Dra>ing-4oom ?anners

in the )ighteenth :entury. ;y ouis icolardot. I

vol. Kvo. 'aris. 1K5S.

*he 8lipper of oltaire. / audeville in t>o /cts. ;y



M. ;. 8imonnin. 'aris. 1K#Q.

NN oltaireana

oltaire on a 7oliday. / audeville in t>o /cts. ;y

De illeneuve and De ivry. 'aris. 1K#Q.

/ ugitive at the 7ouse of oltaire. / audeville in

one /ct. ;y 8aint-7ilaire and 8imonnin. 'aris. 1K#Q.

oltaire and ?adame de 'ompadour. / :omedy in three

/cts. ;y M. ;. '. aHtte and :. Desnoyer. 'aris.

1K##-

*he +outh of oltaire, or the irst 'riLe. /n 7istorical

:omedy in one /ct, >ith :ouplets intermiEed. ;y

8aint-7ilaire. iKmo, JN pages. 'aris. 1K##.

?adame du :hatelet, or o *o-?orro>. / :omedy in

one /ct and in 'rose, >ith 8ongs intermingled. ;y

/ncelot and ustave. 'aris. 1K#N.



/ ;reakfast at erney in 1JQ5, or the ido> :alas at the

7ome of oltaire. / Dramatic 8ketch in one /ct

and in erse. ;y /leEandre Duvoisin-:alas. ustave.

'aris. 1K#N.

oltaire among the :apuchins. / :omedy in one /ct

and in 'rose, >ith 8ongs. ;y Dumersan and Dupin.

'aris. 1K#0.

/n )pistle to oltaire in erse. ;y acroiE. 'amphlet,

S pages. ;ordeauE. 1K#1.

oltaire at rankfort. /n /necdotical :omedy in one

/ct and in 'rose, >ith 8ongs. ;y Ourry and ;raLier.

'aris. 1K#1.

)Eamination of the orks of oltaire considered as 'oet,

as 'rose riter, as 'hilosopher. ;y inFuet. Kvo.

'aris. 1KNJ.

/n )pistle to oltaire in verse. ;y ?. M. :henier. 'aris.

1K0Q and 1KNQ.

oltaire and a Mesuit / Dialogue in verse. ;y :on-

stant *aillard. #Nmo, #N pages. 'aris. 1KNQ.



?emoirs relating to oltaire and his orks. ;y ong-

champ and agniere, his 8ecretaries. ollo>ed by

various unpublished ritings of the ?arFuise du

:hatelet, 4enault, 'iron, DB/rnaud, *hieriot, and

others, all relating to oltaire. N vols. INmo. 'aris.

1KNQ.

oltaireana N #

*he 'astoral /ddress of ?onseigneur the ;ishop of

*royes, upon the 'rinting of bad books, and particu-

larly upon the :omplete orks of oltaire and 4ous-

seau. 'amphlet, JQ pages. 'aris, yons, and *ou-

louse. 1KN1.

etter from ?. *ouFuet to his grandeur ?onseigneur the

;ishop of *royes, /rchbishop elect of ienna, in

reply to his 'astoral /ddress against the editions of

the :omplete orks of oltaire and M. M. 4ousseau.

'amphlet, SK pages. 'aris. 1KN1.

ull 'resentation of the oltaire-*ouFuet, a :ollection of

the *reatises, 8entences, *ransactions, Mudgments, De-

crees, and various /cts relative to that Operation Ca



suit bet>een publishers. Uuarto, 10S pages. 'aris.

1KN#.

7istory of the ife and orks of oltaire, >ith )stimates

of that celebrated man by various esteemed authors.

;y . 'aillet de arcy. N vols. Kvo. 'aris. 1KNS.

*he aithful :atholics to the ;ishops and all the 'astors

of the :hurch of rance, on the sub&ect of the ne>

editions of the >orks of oltaire and 4ousseau. 'am-

phlet, 5N pages. 'aris. 1KN1.

'rivate ife of oltaire and ?adame du :hatelet, during

a 8o&ourn of siE ?onths at :irey. ;y the /uthor of

the 'eruvian etters C?adame de raHgny, follo>ed

by ifty 9npublished etters in verse and in prose of

oltaire, i vol. Kvo. 'aris. 1KN0.

iterary 7istory of oltaire, containing his literary and

private ife, /necdotes, and 8uccesses of each of his

>orks, >ith Details of the 7onors >hich he obtained

during his life, and those >hich >ere decreed to him at

the *emple of great ?en. ;y the ?arFuis de uchet.

Q vols. Kvo. 'aris. 1J%N.

*o the ?anes of oltaire, a 'oem >hich received the



priLe from the rench /cademy. ;y M. . dc a

7arpe. 'amphlet. 'aris. 1JJ%.

*he iftieth Dramatic /nniversary of ?. de oltaire, fol-

lo>ed by the Inauguration of his 8tatue. / ?edley

NS oltaireana

in one act and in prose, >ith songs and dances. ;y

Du :oudray. 'aris. 1JJS.

'hilosophic 'icture of the ?ind of oltaire, to serve as

8upplement to his orks. ;y the /bbe 8abatier.

Kvo. eneva and 'aris. 1JJ1.

/ 'hilosophic Delineation of the ?ind of ?. de oltaire,

to serve as a 8eFuel to his orks, and as ?emoirs

for the 7istory of his ife. ;y De :astres. Kvo.

eneva and 'aris. 1JJ1.

*he 'olitical /ge of ouis 6I., or etters of the is-

count ;olingbroke upon that sub&ect, together >ith the

pieces >hich formed the 7istory of the /ge of ?. de

oltaire, and of his Fuarrels >ith ?essrs, de ?auper-



tuis and de a ;eaumelle $ follo>ed by the Disgrace

of that famous poet. INmo, S%5 pages. 8ieclopolis.

Crankfort. 1J5#.

/ :omparison of the four )lectras, of 8ophocles, of

)uripides, of ?. de :rebillon, and of ?. de oltaire.

;y aillard. 1NS pages, INmo. *he 7ague. 1J50.

/ :ritical etter, or :omparison of the three ancient epic

'oems, the Iliad and Odyssey of 7omer, and the

^)neid of irgil, >ith the eague, or 7enry the reat,

of ?. de oltaire. ;y De ;ellechaume. 15 pages,

Kvo. 'aris. 1JNS.

*he (ing of 'russiaBs :riticism on the 7enriade of ?.

oltaire. *ranslated from the original $ >ith a preface

containing a short account of the Disgrace and 4e-

treat of that favorite. ondon. 1JQ0.

etter from ?. de oltaire to ?. 'alissot, >ith the 4e-

ply, on the occasion of the :omedy of the 'hilosophers.

'aris. 1JQ0.

O*) O *7) ID)6

/t Hrst sight the making of an indeE appears to

be a merely mechanical piece of >ork. 8o it often

is, but it may be much more than this. ;y >ay of

illustration it may be permissible to mention an

elaborate indeE made by the present >riter for a

ten volume historical >ork, of >hich the publish-

ers say in their prospectus that its original plan and

thoroughness make it <>orth in itself many times

the cost of the entire series of books.< *his ol-

taire indeE has also been constructed >ith the in-

tention of making it interesting and valuable in

itself, independently of the volumes to >hich it is

a guide.

*he editor of a voluminous author has obviously

many advantages over an indeE-maker not pre-

viously familiar >ith the >ritings and characteris-

tics of his hero. ?r. 'ercy itLgerald may be

Fuoted on this. In his prefatory note to the in-

deE he made for his famous edition of ;os>ellBs

ife of Dr. Mohnson, he saysG <o proper or su-

<cient indeE can be made vicariously$ it reFuires a

<thorough acFuaintance >ith the book treated, so

<as to anticipate by a sort of instinct >hat topics

<the reader >ould desire to search for. IndeEes

<are generally too minutely elaborate, too meagre,

<or too indeHnite.<

N5

NQ ote on the IndeE

7o> easy it >ould have been to have Hlled t>o

or three volumes >ith the usual indeE matter can

be seen in the fact that oltaireBs pen >as never

at rest for siEty-three years, and no >riter treated

so vast a variety of topics. 7o> dicult it has

actually been to make selections that shall be

eFually fair to author and reader, must be left for

the user of this indeE to discern and appraise.

*he aim has been to simplify, and in the readiest

>ay provide clues to the innumerable long and

short utterances of oltaire upon sub&ects treated

from every point of vie> and in every mood. 4e-

curring as he did to the same topics at di@erent

periods, >ith ne> side lights from intervening oc-

currences or continued study, he necessarily covers

the same ground, though usually >ith a di@erent

gait. *o make an indeE entry of each of these

virtual repetitions >ould cumber every page and

>eary the reader. /nd the multiplication of cross-

references is no less an o@ense to the readerBs in-

telligence. *hese entries are therefore economiLed,

the main clues being liberally given, leaving the

reader the pleasure akin to that of intellectual

sport in follo>ing the various trails in this and

that direction >here there seems promise of a

<Hnd.< 7e may be Fuite sure of catching some-

thing fully as >orthy of his hunt as the particular

Fuarry he started after.

/gain, there have been occasions >hen it >ould

have actually broken the continuity of a sub&ectBs

treatment if the alphabetical or chronological or-

der had been adhered to. )Eceptions are often

ote on the IndeE NJ

V



more practically valuable than rigidity of rule, and

for the liberties so taken no apologies are o@ered

eEcept that of common sense. *he reader >ill

Hnd that his interests have been given precedence

over the fads of pedants.

/s oltaire has for so long been virtually un-

kno>n to the public at large, one aim of this indeE

is to open >ide the doors of an armory, >hose ar-

ray of >eapons includes every kind ever used in

>arfare, and every one, small and large, still gleams

>ith its original brightness, mello>ed >ith the

trophy-marks of the good >ork it has done. *hese

simple-looking indeE items, rightly vie>ed, are in

one aspect the battle roll of a stupendous, single-

handed, life-long Hght by a brave truth-lover

against a Muggernaut truth-crusher$ and in another

aspect they form a cro>n of evergreen laurel

leaves, >ith >hich a some>hat forgetful generation

is prone to cro>n its o>n bro>.

oltaire is here made to portray himself. *his

aims to be an indeE, through his >orks, of the

man. or this reason there have been scattered

through the ordinary entries eEamples of his lit-

erary style and play of thought. )pigrammatic

sentences, passages from essays, dramas, and

poems, give life to the dry bones of indeE matter

and >ill prove as readable as many of the antholo-

gies and <elegant eEtracts< no> so popular, >ith

this distinction, that here >e have the utterances

of a plain speaker in the days >hen plain speech

meant peril of life and liberty. oltaireBs piercing

NK ote on the IndeE

epigrams earned for him the no>adays rarely at-

tainable honors of imprisonment and eEile.

If here and there the indeE item does not liter-

ally correspond >ith the teEt it is because the bril-

liance or pungency of oltairean rench can be

more e@ectively reproduced by a paraphrase or a

short cut than in the literal translation, and for this

o@ense the result is pleaded in mitigation. iter-

ary eEpression has changed, as >ell as incidentals

>hich make eighteenth century allusions obscure

or obsolete, and this is particularly the case in ren-

derings of the old verse. / lenient &udgment is an-

ticipated from the 8hade of oltaire, as he re-



calls his o>n dicta upon this delicate Fuestion, and

turns at our suggestion to his o>n translation of

7amletBs soliloFuy.

*he key->ords to the epigrams are, of course,

not oltaireBs. *hey are chosen sometimes as

mere titles, again as side lights, and again as pro-

vocatives for deeper thought. It can scarcely be

necessary to add that oltaire is not to be held

responsible for all the eEpressions he puts into

the mouths of his dramatic characters.

In the histories of :harles 6II. and ouis 6I.,

being master>orks of the historian, full synopses

have been given in the indeE and shorter entries

in the :ontents. here the entries are merely

of names and topics, they have been made short

for a good reason.

o compleE piece of >ork such as this is can

be perfect, and doubtless certain of the omissions

and condensations made, al>ays after careful de-

ote on the IndeE N%



liberation, >ill be condemned as defects. *he cul-

prit anticipates and accepts all criticism in ad-

vance >ith una@ected humility, having tried to

earn the solace of feeling that he, as a long-su@er-

ing victim of many brain->asting indeEes, >ould be

grateful to anyone >ho might do for a voluminous

author and his readers >hat has here been con-

scientiously attempted as helpful to students of

oltaire. O. 7. . .

))4/ :O*)*8

O

O9?)8 I 6I

Cor ist of Illustrations see p. 5%.

O. I.

'/)

o. I*4OD9:*O4+ /D ;IO4/'7I:/.

'ublisherBs 'reface 5

Introduction, by Oliver 7. . eigh %

*he ?any-8ided oltaire 1S

Incidents in 7is ife 15

Oliver oldsmith on oltaire #N

oltaireBs ife 'urpose #%

ictor 7ugo on oltaire SS

ote. or the 4ight 7on. Mohn ?orleyBs

masterly study of <oltaire< see oltaireana,

p. 1%.

b. :/DID) $ or, *he Optimist 5%

8ee introductory note on <this most eEFuisite

piece of philosophical banter ever penned.<



c. 'O)*I:/ DI88)4*/*IO.

On )Fuality of :onditions NK#

On iberty. NK%

On *he ature of ?an N%5

On ?oderation in /ll *hings #0N

O. II.

4O?/:)8, in three volumes.

Tadig, the ?ystery of ate 5

*he blind of one eye$ the nose$ the dog

#1

#N eneral :ontents

and the horse $ the envious man $ the gen-

erous$ the minister$ the disputes and the



audiences$ the >oman beater$ slavery$ the

funeral pile $ the supper $ the rendeLvous $ the

dance$ blue eyes$ the robber$ the Hsher-

man$ the basilisk$ the combats$ the hermit$

the enigmas.

8tory of Mohnny$ or, *he /theist and the 8age. . 11K

/dventures of Mohnny and his >orthy

father$ controversy of the buts$ Mohnny re-

turns to ondon $ they >ant to get him mar-

ried $ a terrible adventure $ >hat happened in

/merica$ dialogue on atheism$ MohnnyBs

marriage.

*he hite ;ull 1%S

*he 'rincess /masidia meets a bull $

'haraohBs magician $ the 'rincess and the

serpent$ they >ant to sacriHce the bull and

eEorcise the 'rincess$ th.e serpent comforts

the 'rincess >ith stories $ it fails to do so $

they >ant to behead her, but do not$ the

apotheosis of the hite ;ull.

*he ?an of orty :ro>ns NSS

ational poverty$ disaster of the man of

forty cro>ns$ conversation >ith a geome-



trician $ adventure >ith a :armelite $ the

man of forty cro>ns marries $ taEes paid to

a foreign po>er$ on proportions$ a great

Fuarrel$ a rascal repulsed$ a good supper.

O. III.

4O?/:)8, continued.

Meannot and :olin 5

?icromegas N0

/ voyage to 8aturn by an inhabitant of

8irius$ >hat befel him on our globe$ he

captures a vessel $ >hat happened in his inter-

course >ith men.

eneral :ontents ##

*ravels of 8carmentado 51

*he 7uron$ or, 'upil of ature QS



7e is converted $ falls in love $ repulses the

)nglish$ goes to court$ is imprisoned in the

;astille >ith Mansenist$ his sentiments on the

drama$ ?iss 8t. +ves consults a Mesuit$ her

death and its conseFuences.

*he 'rincess of ;abylon 1QS

4oyal contest for the hand of ormosanta$

the (ingBs council $ the birdBs eloFuent con-

versation$ /ldea elopes >ith the (ing$ or-

mosanta visits :hina$ /maLan visits /lbion,

8aturn, and 4ome $ an unfortunate adven-

ture in aul $ reconciliation.

*he orld as It oes. NQQ

*he ;lack and the hite N50

*he ood ;rahmin #1N

O. I.

4O?/:)8, continued.

/ndre Des *ouches in 8iam 5

*he ;lind as Mudges of :olor i W #

*he :lergyman ind 7is 8oul 15

:onversation >ith a :hinese NK

?emnon the 'hilosopher ##

'latoBs Dream SN

/n /dventure in India SJ

;ababec 51

/ncient aith and able 5Q

*he *>o :omforters Q1

Dialogue bet>een ?arcus /urelius and a riar. . QS

< a ;rahmin and a Mesuit J0

< ucretius and 'osidonius JQ

< a :lient and 7is a>yer %5

< ?adame de ?aintenon and

?dlle. de 1B)nclos 101

< a 8avage and a ;achelor of

/rts . EoK

#S eneral :ontents

*O)4/*IO, / *reatise on 11K

;rief account of the death of Mohn :alas

by &udicial torture, 11K$ conseFuences of his

eEecution, 1#S$ sketch of the 4eformation,

1#J$ >hether toleration is dangerous, and

among >hat nations it is practised, 1S#$ in

>hat cases toleration may be admitted, 15S$

if non-toleration is agreeable to the la> of

nature and of society, 15%$ its practice among

the reeks, 1Q1 $ among the 4omans, 1Q5 $

martyrs, 1J# $ the danger of false legends,

and persecution, 1K%$ ill conseFuences of non-

toleration, 1%K$ if non-toleration >as part of

the divine la> among the Me>s, N05$ their

great toleration, NNJ$ >as non-toleration

taught by :hrist, N#5$ testimonies against

persecution, NSQ$ conversation bet>een a dy-

ing man and one in good health, NS%$ letter

from a priest to etellier, the Mesuit, N5N$ the

only cases in >hich non-toleration makes part

of the human la>, N5J$ a controversial dis-

pute in :hina, NQ0$ >hether it is of service to

indulge the people in superstition, NQS$ virtue

better than learning, NQ%$ of universal toler-

ation, NJN$ an /ddress to the Deity, NJJ$

postscript and seFuel, NJ%. 8ee Eiv. 100$

EEEviii. NS5-NQN.

O. .

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+. In ten volumes.

C8ee EEEv. N1%-NKK$ EEEviii. N#1-NQN$ and the

philosophical <'oems.<

/. ;. :. or /lphabet, 5. /buse, /buse of ords, 5#.

/bbe, 1S. /cademy, 5J.



/bbey-/bbot, 15. /dam, Q0.

/ble-/bility, NJ. /doration, J0.

/braham, N%. /dultery, JQ.

eneral :ontents

#5

/rmation or Oath, KK.

/gar or 7agar, K%.

/lchemy, %1.

/lkoran, %#.

/leEander, 10J.

/leEandria, 115.

/lgiers, 11%.

/llegories, 1NN.

/lmanac, 1NJ.

/ltars, *emples, 4ites, 1#S.



/maLons, 1#Q.

/mbiguity - )Fuivocation,

1S1.

/merica, 1S5.

/mpliHcation, 1SJ.

/ncients and ?oderns, 15#.

/necdotes, 1JQ.

/ngels, N0N.

/nnals, N1%.

/nnats, NNN.

/nthropomorphites, NNQ.

/nti-ucretius, NNJ.

/ntiFuity, N#0.

/nti-*rinitarians, N5#.

/pis, NSS.

/pocalypse, NS5.

/pocrypha- /pocryphal,

N5Q.



/postate, N%0.

/postles, N%%.

/pparition, #1S.

O. I.

'7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+, continued.

/ppearance, 5.

/propos, J.

/rabs, K.

/rarat, 1Q.

/rianism, 1%.

/risteas, #0.

/ristotle, ##.

/rms-/rmies, SJ.

/rot and ?arot, 5S.

/rt of 'oetry, QS.

/rts-ine /rts, QJ.

/smodeus, J1.

/sphaltus, J5.

/ss, K1.



/ssassin-/ssassination, KK.

/strology, %#.

/stronomy, %Q.

/theism, 10S.

/theist, 1NK.

/toms, 1S0.

/ugury, 1SQ.

/ugustine, 151.

/ugustus COctavius, 15#.

/usterities, 1QQ.

/uthors, 1J0.

/uthority, 1JK.

/varice, 1SS.

/vignon, 1Q0.

/Eis, 1J%.

;abel, 1K1.

;acchus, 1%1.

;acon C4oger, 1%J.

;anishment, N00.

;aptism, N01.

;aruch or ;arak, and Deb-

orah, N1#.



eneral :ontents

;attalion, N15.

;ayle, N1J.

;dellium, NN0.

;eard, NN0.

;easts, NNN.

;eautiful, *he, NN5.

;ees, N#0.

;eggar, ?endicant, N##.

;ekker, N#5.

;elief, NSS.



;ethshemesh, NSJ.

;ilhah, ;astards, N51.

;ishop, N5N.

;lasphemy, N5S.

;ody, NQ0.

;ooks, NQ5.

;ourges, NJJ.

;rachmans, ;rahmins, NJJ.

;read-*ree, NKJ.

;u@oonery, ;urlesFue,

o> :omedy, NKK.

;ulgarians, N%S.

;ull, N%J.



;ull, 'apal, N%K.

:aesar, #11.

:alends, #1S.

O. II.


:annibals, 5.

:asting in ?etal, 1J.

:ato, 1%.

:elts, ##.

:eremonies-*itles, 'rece-

dence, #Q.

:ertain, :ertainty, S%.

:hain of :reated ;eings,

55-

:hain of eneration of

)vents, 5K.



C8ee isbon )arthFuake.

:hanges that have occurred

in the lobe, QN.

:haracter, QQ.

:harity, J0.

:harles I6., JJ.

:hina, J%.

:hristianity, %5.

:hristmas, 1N0.

:hronology, 1NQ.

:hurch, 1#0$ EEEvii. NS0.

:hurch of )ngland, 1JK.

:hurch 'roperty, 1K0.

:icero, 1KS.

:ircumcision, 1%1.

:lerk-:lergy, 1%J.

:limate, N0#.

:oherence-:ohesion, /d-

hesion, N10.

:ommerce, N11.



:ommon 8ense, N1S.

:onfession, N1Q.

:onHscation, N#0.

:onscience, N#S,

:onseFuence, NS#.

:onstantine, NSQ.

:ontradictions, N5%,

:ontrast, NKS.

:onvulsionaries, NKQ.

:orn, NKK.

:ouncils, N%#.

eneral :ontents

#J

O. III.




:ountry, 5.

:rimes or O@enses, II.

:riminal, 1K.

:rom>ell, N%.

:uissage, #J.

:urate Cof the country", S0.

:uriosity, SS.

:ustoms-9sages, SK.

:yrus, S%.

Dante, 5S.

David, 5J.

Decretals, QN.

Deluge C9niversal, J0.



Democracy, J5.

Demoniacs, K#.

Destiny, KQ.

Devotee, %1.

Dial, %N.

Dictionary, %5.

Diocletian, 105.

Dionysius the /reopagite,

II8-

Diodorus of 8icily and 7e-

rodotus, 11%.

Director, 1NJ.

Disputes, 1N%.



Distance, 1#S.

Divinity of Mesus, 1SS.

Divorce, 1S5.

Dog, 1S%.

Dogmas, 15N.

Donations, 155.

Drinking 7ealths, 1QK.

Druids, 1J1.

)ase, 1JS.

)clipse, 1JQ.

)conomy C4ural, 1K1.

)conomy of 8peech, 1KS.

)lias or )li&ah and )noch,

1%#-

)legance, 1%0.



)loFuence, 1%J.

)mblems, N0J.

)nchantment, NNN.

)nd of the orld, N#N.

)nthusiasm, N#K.

)nvy, NSS.

)pic 'oetry, NSQ.

)piphany, N5K.

)Fuality, NQ0.

)ssenians, NQQ.

)ternity, NJ5.

)ucharist, NJQ.

)Eecution, NK1.

)Eecutioner, N%#.

)Epiation, N%5.

)Etreme, #01.

)Lekiel, #05.

able, #11.

action, #NN.

aculty, #N#.

aith, #NQ.

alsity, ###-

alsity of 7uman irtues,

##S-



eneral :ontents

O. I6.


anaticism, 5 $ EEEviii, NS%.

ancy, #0.

asti, #N.

ather-?other-:hildren, ##.

avor, #Q.

avorite, #K.

easts, #%.



errara, S5,

ever, SK.

iction, 51.

ierte, 5#.

igure, 5S.

igurative, QS.

igure in *heology, QJ.

inal :auses, J5$ EEEviii,

N#K.

inesse, ineness, K%.

ire, %N.

irmness, %5.

lattery, %5.

orce C'hysical, %K.

orce C8trength, 100.

ranchise, 10N.

rancis 6avier, 10#.



ranks, rance, rench,

no.

raud, 1N#.

ree ill, 1NK$ EEEviii, N#K.

rench anguage, 1#N.

riendship, 1#Q.

rivolity, 1#K.

allant, 1S0.

argantua, 1SN.

aLette, 1SQ.

enealogy, 1S%.

enesis, 15%.

enii, 1KK.

enius, 1%N.

eography, 1%Q.

lory-lorious, N00.

oat, 8orcery, N0%.

od-ods, N1N$ EEEv. N1%,

N55$ EEEviii. N#K$ see <is-

bon )arthFuake.<

ood-*he 8overeign, N5N.

ood and )vil, N5%.

ospel, NQK.

overnment, NJ1.

ourd, or :alabash, #0#.

race, #0S.

rave, ravity, #1J.



reat, reatness, #1%.

reek, #NS.

uarantee, #NJ.

regory II, #N%$ EEv,

5-

O. 6.


7appy, 7appily, 5.

7eaven C:iel ?ateriel, %.

7eaven of the /ncients, 15.

7ell, N1.

7ell Cdescent into, ##.



7eresy, #Q.

eneral :ontents

#%

7eresies, eEtirpation of, S#.

7ermes, 5#.

7istoriographer, 5J.

7istory, Q1.

7istoric proofs, K1.

7onor, %%.

7umility, 101.

7ypatia, 10#.

Idea, 10S.

Identity, 11S.

Idol-Idolater, Idolatry, 11%.

Ignatius oyola, 1#K.



Ignorance, 1S#.

Imagination, 155.

Impious, 1JN.

Impost, 1JS.

Impotence, 1K1.

Inalienation-Inalienable,

1KJ.

Incest, 1KK.

Incubus, 1%0.

InHnity, 1%#.

InAuence, 1%%.

Initiation, N05.

Innocents, ?assacre of the,

N1S.

InFuisition, N1K.

Instinct, NS1.



Interest, NS#.

Intolerance, NSK.

Inundation, N51.

Mehovah, N5#.

Mephtha, N55.

Mesuits, or 'ride, N5K.

Me>s, the, NQQ.

Me>s, Dispersion of, NKQ.

Mob, #1S.

O. 6I.


Moseph 5.

Mudea, K.

Mulian, 10.

Must and 9n&ust, NJ.

Mustice, #0.

(ing, S%.

(iss, 5#.

aughter, 5K.



a> Catural. Q0.

a> C8alic, QS.

a>, undamental, QQ.

a> C:ivil and )cclesias-

tical, JJ-

a>s, J%.

a>s, 8pirit of, 100.

ent, 10K.

eprosy, 11N.

etters, ?en of, 11J.

ibel, 11%.

iberty, 1N1.

iberty of Opinion, 1NQ.

iberty of the 'ress, 1#0$

EEi, NQ5.

ife, 1#S.



ove, 1#J.

ove of od, 1SN.

ove C8ocratic ove, 1SJ.

uEury, 15S.

?adness, 15%.

?agic, 1Q#.

eneral :ontents

?alady-?edicine, 1QQ.

?an, 1J0.

?arriage, 1%Q.

?ary ?agdalen, N05.

?artyrs, N11.

?ass, NN%.

?assacres, N#Q.

?aster, N#Q.

?atter, NS0.

?eetings, NSJ.



?essiah, NS%.

?etamorphosis, NQK.

?etaphysics, NQ%.

?ind Cimits of the 7u-

man, NJ1.

?iracles, NJN.

?ission, #0N.

O. 6II.


?oney, 5.

?onsters, 1#.

?orality, 1K.

?oses, N0.

?otion, S1.

?ountain, S5.

ail, SQ.

ature, SK.

ecessity, ecessary, 5N.

e>, ovelties, 5J.



udity, 5K.

umber, Q0.

umbering, QS.

Occult Uualities, J#.

O@ences Cocal, JS.

Onan, JQ.

Opinion, J%.

Optimism, K0.

Oracles, K%.

Ordeal, 10J.

Ordination, 11Q.

Original 8in, 11K.

Ovid, 1NJ.

'aradise, 1#K.

'assions, 1S1.

'aul, 8t., 1SQ.

'ersecution, 15S.

'eter, 8t., 15Q.

'eter the reat and M. M.

4ousseau, 1QS.



'hilosopher, 1Q% $ EEEv, N1%.

'hilosophy, 1KK.

'hysicians, 1%J.

'irates, or ;uccaneers, N00.

'lagiarism, N0#.

'lato, N05.

'oets, N15.

'oisonings, NN0.

'olicy, NN5.

'olypus, N#N.

'olytheism, N#5.

'opery, NSN.

'opulation, NSS.



'ossessed, N5%.

'ost, NQ0.

'o>er, Omnipotence, NQ#.

'o>ers, *he *>o, NJ1.

'rayer, 'ublic *hanksgiv-

ing, NK0.

're&udice, NK%.

'resbyterian, N%#$ EEEiE,

NiQ.

eneral :ontents

'retensions, N%5.

'ride, #0N.



'riests, #0#.

'riests of the 'agans, #05.

'rior, ;utler and 8>ift,

#0J$ EEEiE, KN.

'rivilege, 'rivileged :ases,

#1S.

O. 6III.


'roperty, 5.

'rophecies, u.

'rophets, NS.



'rovidence, NK.

'urgatory, #0.

Uuack, or :harlatan, #K.

4availlac, SS.

4easonable, 4ight, SK.

4elics, 51.

4eligion, Q1.

4hyme, KK.

4esurrection, %N.

4ights, 10S.

4ights, )cclesiastical, 11S.

4ivers, 1#%.

4oads, 1S#.



4od, 150.

4ome, :ourt of, 15#.

8amothrace, 1Q0.

8amson, 1Q5.

8aturnBs 4ing, 1Q%.

8candal, 1J0.

8chism, 1JS.

8crofula, 1J%.

8ect, 1K1.

8elf ove, 1K5.

8ensation, 1KJ.

8entences, 4emarkable, 1%0.



8entences of Death, 1%5.

8erpents, 1%K.

8hekel, N01.

8ibyl, N0#.

8inging, N0K.

8laves, N1N.

8leepers, *he 8even, NNN.

8lo>-bellies, NN5.

8ociety, 4oyal of ondon,

NNK.

8ocrates, N##$ Evi, NJ0.

8olomon, N#Q.

8omnambulists and

Dreamers, NS%.

8ophist, N5%.



8oul, NQ1$ EEEv, N1%-NJ5$

EEEvii, 15N.

8oul, Immortality of the,

#0K.

8pace, #N0.

8tage, 'olice of the, #NN.

8tates, overnment, #NJ.

8tates-eneral, ##N.

O. 6I.


8tyle, 5$ EEEvii, J0-115$

EEEiE, 1NN-1JS.



*oleration, 100$ iv, 11K$

EEEvii, 15%$ EEEviii, NS5.

*ophet, 11N.

*orture, 11S.

*ransubstantiation, 11%.

*rinity, 1N0.

*ruth, 1N%.

*yranny, 1#S.

*yrant, 1#5-

9niversity, 1#K.

9sages, 1S1.

ampires, 1S#.

eletri, 1S%.

enality, 15N.

O. 6.

C8ee ol. 6I6, N#5N%#, for 'refaces to these 'lays.

/lso 666I6, 1NN 1JS, for /cting$ Dramatic :onstruc-

tion$ :riticism$ *ragedy and :omedy.

D4/?/8.

?erope.

Dramatis 'ersons #

Dedicatory etter 5



enice, 15#.

erse, 15Q.

iands, 15J.

irtue, 1Q0.

ision, 1Q5.

ision of :onstantine, 1J0.

o>s, 1K0.

oyage of 8t. 'eter to

4ome, 1KS.

aller, 1%1.

ar, 1%#.

eakness on ;oth 8ides,

N00.



hys, *he, N0J.

icked, *he, N15.

ill, *he, N1%$ see Des-

tiny, od, iberty, e-

cessity.

it, 8pirit, Intellect, NN1.

omen, N55.

omen, 'olygamy, NQ1.

6enophanes, NQ%.

6enophon, NJ1.

+vetot, NK0.

Teal, NKQ.

Toroaster, N%%$ EEEv, NJ5.

Declaration of the /ma-



teurs, InFuirers, and

Doubters, #0Q.

eneral :ontents S#

etter to the /uthor N0

/ns>er by the /uthor NQ

/cts I N%

Olympia.

Dramatis 'ersons 100

/cts I 101

*he Orphan of :hina.

Dramatis 'ersonae . 1JS

Dedication 1J5

/cts I 1K1



;rutus.

Dramatis 'ersonae N#K

/cts I N#%

O. 6I.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

?ahomet.

Dedication 5

/uthorBs etter to the (ing of 'russia 5

/uthorBs etter to 'ope ;enedict 6I 1N

/ns>er of 'ope ;enedict 6I 1N

Dramatis 'ersonae 1Q

/cts I 1J

/melia$ or, *he Duke of oiE.



Dramatis 'ersonse KK

'refatory ote KK

/cts I . . . K%

C)dipus.

Dramatis 'ersonae 1SK

'refatory ote 1SK

/cts I 1S%

?ariamne.

Dramatis 'ersonae N10

'refatory ote N10

/cts I N11

8ocrates.

Dramatis 'ersonae NJ0



/cts I III NJ1

SS eneral :ontents

O. 6II.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

/lLire.

Dramatis 'ersonae S

'refatory ote S

/cts I 5

Orestes.

Dramatis 'ersonae QS

Dedication Q5

/cts I Q%



8emiramis.

Dramatis 'ersonae 1SQ

/cts I 1SJ

:atiline.

Dramatis 'ersonae NNQ

'refatory note NNQ

/cts I NNJ

'andora.

Dramatis 'ersonae N%0

/cts I N%1

O. 6III.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

*he 8cotch oman.



Dramatis 'ersonae S

'refatory ote S

/cts I 5

anine.

Dramatis 'ersonae %0

'refatory ote %0

/cts I III %1

*he 'rude.

Dramatis 'ersonae 1Q0

'refatory ote 1Q0

/cts I 1Q1

*he *aller.

Dramatis 'ersonas NQN



/ct I N1 8cenes NQ#

eneral :ontents S5

O. 6I6.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

Taire.

Dramatis 'ersonce S

'refatory ote S

Dedication 5

/cts I N#

:cesar.

Dramatis 'ersonae %Q

/cts I III %J

*he 'rodigal.



Dramatis 'ersonae 1SS

'refatory ote 1SS

/cts I 1S5

'refaces to 'lays.

?ariamne N#5

Orestes NS1

:atiline N55

?erope NQ5

*he 'rodigal NQ%

anine NJ5

8ocrates. NK#

?ahomet NKJ

Mulius :cesar N%#



*7) 7I8*O4I)8. O. 66.

7I8*O4+ O :7/4)8 6II O 8)D).

In t>o volumes. C8ee IndeE for full synopsis.

'reliminary discourse, 5 $ sketch history of 8>e-

den before the reign of :harles 6II, n$ a soldier-

king at eighteen, SS$ :harles nominates the (ing of

'oland, 10N$ the defeat at 'oltava, 1S%$ intrigues of

:harles >hile the guest of the 8ultan, 1KJ$ is made

a prisoner by the *urks, N#0$ :harles returns to

8>eden, NQQ.

O. 66I.

Death of :harles 6II, 5. /ddenda etter to

?arshal 8chulenburg, 5# $ letter to :haplain orberg,

5%-

SQ eneral :ontents

4)IIO98 /D )::)8I/8*I:/ ?O)?)*8.



*he :ouncil of *rent, QJ$ )cclesiastical /@airs in

rance, %0$ :alvinism, 10J$ Mansenism, 1S1$ Uuietism,

1J%$ the Me>s, 1%#$ 4emarks on 'ascalBs *houghts,

N1N$ On 'rinted ies, NQ5.

O. 66II.

*7) /) O ouis 6I.

In t>o volumes. C8ee IndeE for full synopsis.

Introduction, 5 $ the state of )urope before the reign

of ouis 6I, 1#$ victories of the rench, #Q$ the

:ivil ar, SQ$ the :ivil ar until 1Q5S, Q0$ death

of :ardinal ?aLarin, J5 $ ouis 6I governs alone,

10Q$ conFuest of landers, 1N0$ the peace of /iE la

:hapelle, 1NJ$ magniHcence of ouis 6I, 1#5$ 7ol-

land evacuated, 1QS$ death of ?arshal *urenne, 1J5$

the 'eace of imeguen, 1K%$ the taking of 8trasburg,

N0Q$ Mames II of )ngland dethroned, NN#$ )urope

until 1Q%J, NS1 $ the treaty >ith 8avoy, NQS.

O. 66III.

*he >ar of 1J01, 5$ loss of the battle of ;lenheim,

NK $ losses in 8pain, S1 $ ouis 6I, humbled, 5Q $ ouis

solicits peace, K1 $ the a@airs of rance retrieved, %S$



/necdotes of ouis 6I, 10%$ additional memoirs,

1JQ$ last years of ouis 6I, N0#$ government,

commerce, la>s, N#0$ Hnance under ouis 6I, NQ1$

progress of the sciences, NJJ $ the polite arts, NKQ $ the

children of ouis, N%K$ celebrated artists and musi-

cians, #00.

O. 66I.

/:I)* /D ?OD)4 7I8*O4+.

In seven volumes. C8ee IndeE.

:hina, ;. :., to )urope, eleventh century.

'refatory note, #$ advertisement to the 1JQN edi-

tion, 5$ Introduction$ plan of the >ork$ summary

of the >estern nations, % $ :hina, its antiFuity, strength

eneral :ontents SJ

and la>s, 1%$ its religion, #1$ 66I6, 1J#$ the

Indies, #K$ 66I6, 1K0$ 'ersia, /rabia, ?ahomet,

S#$ 66I6, 1%N$ Italy and the :hurch before :har-

lemagne, Q5 $ source of the papal po>er, K# $ the )ast-



ern :hurch before :harlemagne, K% $ :harlemagne, %5 $

manners and customs of his period, m$ the pre-

vailing religion, 1NS$ seFuel of the customs, 1S0$

ouis the Debonnaire, 1SQ$ state of )urope, 15J$

the ormans in the ninth century, 1QQ$ )ngland, 1JS$

8pain and the ?ussulmans, 1J%$ empire of :onstan-

tinople, 1%0$ Italy, the 'opes, and the :hurch, 1%J$

the schism bet>een the )astern and estern

:hurches, N0S$ state of the estern )mpire, N1#$

the erman )mpire, N1Q$ Otho the reat, tenth cen-

tury, NN0$ the papacy, NNN$ Otho II and III, N#S$

rance in the time of 7ugh :apet, NS0$ in the tenth

and eleventh centuries, NSJ, and 66I6, N#Q, NS1$

conFuest of aples and 8icily, N5N $ conFuest of )ng-

land by the ormans, NQ%$ 66I6, N#%$ state of

)urope in tenth and eleventh centuries, NJQ$ 8pain

and the ?oors, NKN$ religion and superstition in the

tenth and eleventh centuries, N%0$ 66I6, NSN.

O. 66.

/:I)* /D ?OD)4 7I8*O4+, continued.

ermany, 105Q, to )ngland, 1S00.

)mpire of Italy, 5$ 7enry I and 'ope regory

II, 5 $ I6, #N% $ 7enry and 4ome until the time of



;arbarossa, NS$ rederick I, 115N, #1$ 7enry I and

4ome, S0$ rance and )ngland during the t>elfth

century$ murder of *homas a ;ecket, /rchbishop of

:anterbury, S5 $ Otho I $ )ngland and rance in

the thirteenth century, Q1 $ rederick II, his Fuarrels

>ith the 'opes and erman )mpire, Q%$ the :ru-

sades, K# $ 8t. ouis and the last :rusade, 1#S $ 66I6,

N55$ capture of :onstantinople, 1SQ$ enghis (han,

151$ 66I6, NQN$ :harles of /n&ou, the 8icilian

SK eneral :ontents

espers, 1QQ$ crusade against the /lbigenses, 1J1$

66I6, NJ#$ )urope in the thirteenth century, 1J%$

66I6, N%1 $ 'hilip the air and 'ope ;oniface III,

1%J$ suppression of the (nights *emplars, N0Q$ the

revolution in 8>itLerland in the fourteenth century,

N1S$ seFuel of fourteenth century a@airs, N1%$ Moan,

Uueen of aples, N#0$ )mperor :harles I and the

return of the 'opes from /vignon, N#J$ the great

schism of the est, NS# $ :ouncil of :onstance, N5N $

Mohn B 7uss and Merome of 'rague, NQ0 $ state of

)urope, NQ%$ rance and )ngland under )d>ard III,

NJJ$ rance under (ing Mohn, N%5.



O. 66I.


rance, 1#KS, to )urope, 15%%.

*he ;lack 'rince, Don 'edro the :ruel, the :on-

stable du uesclin, 5 $ rance and )ngland during

the reign of :harles , u$ invasion of rance by

7enry of )ngland, 1K$ rance under :harles II,

#N $ Moan of /rc, ## $ manners and customs in the

thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, SN $ privileges of

to>ns, Q1 $ taEes and coins, Q5$ the 'arliament, J0$

the :ouncil of ;asel, JK$ fall of the reek )mpire,

KJ$ *amerlane, %N$ *urks and reeks, 10N$ 8can-

derbeg, 10J$ the *urks take :onstantinople, no$

ouis 6I of rance, 1#Q$ ;urgundy and the 8>iss

nation in the Hfteenth century, 1S%$ chivalry, 155$

feudal government, 1Q1 $ :harles III and the con-

Fuest of aples, 1QJ $ )urope at the end of the Hf-

teenth century, 1J0$ 7enry the Impotent, 1JN$ Italy,

1KS$ 666, 5#$ the papal state, 1KK$ 'ope /leEander

I, 1%N $ 8avonarola, N00 $ 'ico de ?irandola, N0# $

ouis 6II, N0J$ the villainies of 'ope /leEander I

and :esare ;orgia, N1Q$ the eague of :ambray$ 'ope

Mulius II, NNQ$ erdinand the :atholic and 7enry



III of )ngland, N#Q$ )ngland, its troubles, ?ar-

garet of /n&ou, >ife of 7enry I, NSN$ )d>ard I$

eneral :ontents S%

the murder of 7enry I, N51$ 4ichard III, 7enry

II, N5Q$ general vie> of the siEteenth century, NQQ$

:harles of 4ussia $ about apland, NJ1 $ 'oland,

NJJ$ 8>eden and Denmark, NKN$ 7ungary, N%#$

8cotland, #0# $ ermany, #05 $ customs of the Hfteenth

and siEteenth centuries, #10$ 666, 5K$ printing, Q0.

O. 66II.


:harles , 151N, to 'hilip II, 15KS.

:harles and rancis I, 5$ capture of rancis I

at the battle of 'avia, 1%$ his intervie> >ith :harles

, and death, #1$ 666, QN, Q5, K0$ greatness, dis-

grace, and abdication of :harles , SN $ 666, QJ $

'ope eo 6, SJ$ 666, QK$ uther and Tuinglius,

5K$ progress of utheranism, JN$ 666, Q%, JJ$

massacres in 8>eden, J#$ the /nabaptists, JQ$ 666,



JK$ eneva and :alvin, K1 $ 666, #0N$ :alvin and

8ervetus, KQ$ 7enry III and the )nglish religion,

%N$ ;loody ?ary, in$ burning of :ranmer, 11#$

?ary 8tuart, 11J$ religion in rance, 11K$ the reli-

gious orders, 1#1$ 666, KS$ the InFuisition, 150$

discoveries of the 'ortuguese, 1Q#$ Mapan, 1JN$

/byssinia, 1K%$ :olumbus and /merica, 1%#$ er-

nando :ortes, N0K$ conFuest of 'eru, N1K$ Hrst

voyage round the >orld, NNJ $ /sia, :hina, N#1 $ the

*artars, N#%$ the ?ogul, NSN$ customs of 'ersia in

siEteenth century, NS%$ the Ottoman )mpire, N5K$

battle of epanto, NQQ$ coast of ;arbary, NJN$ 'hilip

II of 8pain, NJ5$ the 9nited 'rovinces of the

etherlands, NKJ$ misfortunes of Don 8ebastian of

'ortugal, #05.

O. 66III.


*he /rmada, 15KK, to :rom>ell, 1Q5K.

*he Invincible /rmada, 5$ )ngland under )d-

>ard I, ?ary, and )liLabeth, 1J$ Uueen )liLabeth,



50 eneral :ontents

N# $ ?ary Uueen of 8cots, #0 $ rance at end of the

siEteenth century, #% $ under :harles I6, S5 $ massacre

of 8t. ;artholome>, 5K$ 7enry III, QQ$ 7enry I,

%0$ assassination of, 1N1$ :ardinal de 4ichelieu and

ouis 6III, 1NS$ administration of, 15K$ 8pain, 'hilip

II to 'hilip I, N15$ ermany until the 'eace of

estphalia, NNQ$ )ngland until 1QS1, N50$ the un-

po>der 'lot, N5# $ misfortunes and death of :harles

I, NQJ$ Oliver :rom>ell, N%1$ 666, N%J$ 666I6,

10#.

O. 66I6.


)ngland, 1QQ1, to :hina, Mapan, 1Q%0.

)ngland under :harles II, 5 $ :ouncil of *rent,

Italy at end of siEteenth century, 1J$ 'ope 8iEtus ,

N% $ his successors, #% $ enice, 50 $ ?alta, 55 $ 7ol-

land, 5J$ Denmark, 8>eden, 'oland, QK$ 4ussia in

siEteenth and seventeenth centuries, K# $ Ottoman

)mpire $ siege of :andia $ false ?essiahs, %5 $ 666,

N%1$ *urkey, siege of ienna, 11#$ 'ersia, the 8hah

adir, 1N1 $ the ?ogul, 1#S $ :hina in seventeenth

and eighteenth centuries, 1SS$ Mapan, 15Q.

/DDI*IO8 to </ncient and ?odern 7istory.<

*he ermans, 1Q5$ changes in the globe, 1QQ$

:hina, India, 1QK, 1J#$ ;rahmins, the edas, 1K0$ ?a-

homet, 1%N $ the (oran, N01 $ the 'opes, N1N $ the

anointing of (ing 'epin, N1#$ the papal po>er, N1J$

:harlemagne, N1K$ manners, customs, NN0$ religion,

NNS$ purgations, NNK$ state of )urope, NNK$ the or-

mans, 8pain and the ?oors, NN%$ the reek )mpire,

N## $ a monk >hipped for the saving grace, N#S $ Otho,

N#5 $ 7enry I of rance, tenth and eleventh centuries,

N#Q$ conFuest of )ngland by illiam the orman, N#%$

)urope in tenth and eleventh centuries, NS1 $ religion

and superstition, NSN$ )mperor 7enry I, NSJ$

;arbarossa, NSK $ feudal la>, NS% $ divorce of ouis the

+oung, N50$ 7enry II of )ngland, N5N$ ouis III,

eneral :ontents 51

N5# $ 'alestine and the :rusades, N55 $ taking of

:onstantinople, N5K$ 8t. rancis dB/ssissi, NQ0$ 8t.

ouis, NQN$ enghis (han, NQN$ ?anfred, NQQ$ the

/lbigenses, NJ#$ the 'apacy in fourteenth century,

NJK$ science in the thirteenth century, NJ%$ 8pain,

NK1 $ 'hilip the air and ;oniface III, NKN $ 8>itLer-

land, NKK$ the olden ;ull, NK%$ )urope in thirteenth

and fourteenth centuries, N%1 $ )d>ard III, 7enry

and the 8alic la>, N%N, N%J $ :harles II of rance,

N%K$ 'arliament of 'aris, #0S.

O. 666.

/DDI*IO8 *O /:I)* /D ?OD)4 7I8*O4+, continued.

8upplementary otes.

*he seeming union of the reek and atin

churches, 5 $ :ouncil of ;asel, Q $ taking of :onstan-

tinople, J$ ?ahomet II, %$ reece under the Otto-

mans, II $ chivalry, nobility, 1N$ tournaments, N5$

duels, #N $ the Me>s in )urope, S5 $ ;ohemians, )gyp-

tians, ypsies, 50 $ Italy in the Hfteenth century, 5# $

'ope Mulius II and ouis 6I, 5J $ siEteenth century

customs, 5K$ printing in, Q0$ rancis I, QN-Q5, K0$

:harles , QJ$ eo 6, QK$ uther, Q%$ Tuinglius, JN$

utheranism, JJ$ /nabaptists, JK$ religious orders,

KN$ Mesuits, KS$ nuns, KQ$ the polite arts, KQ$ ceremo-

nies, 11K$ 4ecapitulation of /. and ?. 7istory, 1##,

NSJ $ 8upplementary otes on the </ge of ouis

6I,< 1S5$ the ?an >ith the Iron ?ask, NQ#$ death

of 7enry III, NJN$ 7enry I of rance, NJ#-NKS$

4ichelieu, NKS$ the Mesuit :aussin, NK5$ 'hilip I of

8pain, NKQ $ 8abati 8evi, N%1 $ death of :rom>ell, N%J $

ouis 6I, #00$ :alvinism, #0N$ *houghts on the

panorama of history, #05.

O. 666I.

//8 O *7) )?'I4), in t>o volumes.

:harlemagne, JSN, to 7enry II, 1#1#.

'refatory note, I $ Introduction, 5 $ :harlemagne,

5N eneral :ontents

1S$ Psee IndeE for :harlemagne, and the )mper-

orsR.

O. 666II.

//8 O *7) )?'I4), continued.

ouis of ;avaria, 1#15, to erdinand II, 1Q#1.

P8ee 666III, <*he ar of 1JS1,< p. N5%, for sup-

plementary matter, carrying the history of the )m-

pire from 1Q#N to the reign of eopold I, the forty-

eighth )mperor, the siege of ienna, and the 'eace

of :arlo>itL, 1Q%%.R

O. 666III.

*7) /4 O 1JS1.

*he state of )urope prior to the ar, 5$ death of

:harles I, #J$ the )lector of ;avaria made )m-

peror, SJ$ the ne> )mperorBs misfortunes, Q#$ )u-

rope during the ar, %S$ the battle of Dettingen,

1NS$ troubles of :harles II, 1SN$ the 'rince of

:onti forces the passage of the /lps, 1Q1 $ ouis 6

victorious in landers, 1QJ $ the 'rince of :onti >ins

in Italy, 1KS$ the siege of reiburg, 1%S$ the (ing of

'oland &oins ?aria *heresa, 1%K$ death of :harles

II, N0S$ siege of *ournay$ battle of ontenoy, N1%$

666I, 15Q.

8upplementary notes to //8 O *7) )?'I4),

N5%$ see 666I and 666II.



O. 666I.

7I8*O4+ O *7) 4988I/ )?'I4) 9D)4 ')*)4 *7)

4)/*, in t>o volumes.

/uthorBs 'reface, 5$ Introduction, 1Q$ description

of 4ussia, 1J$ population, Hnances, etc., SK$ ancestors

of 'eter the reat, Q5$ sedition among the 8tre-

litLes, J5$ administration, K0$ the reign of 'eter the

irst, K%$ treaty >ith the :hinese, %J$ conFuest of

/Lov, 101 $ travels of 'eter the reat, 10K $ changes

in customs, manners, and church, 1NN$ >ar >ith 8>e-

eneral :ontents 5#

den, 1#5$ 'eterBs triumph at ?osco>, 1SN$ 4eforma-

tion of ?osco>, 15N $ conFuest of Ingria, 1Q1 $ vic-

tories of :harles 6II of 8>eden, 1QQ$ his advance

to>ards 4ussia, 1J# $ defeated by 'eter the reat,

1J%$ the battle of 'oltava, 1%1$ conFuests of 'eter

the reat, 1%%$ campaign of the 'ruth, N1J$ conclu-

sion of the a@airs of the 'ruth, NSJ$ marriage of

'eter and :atherine, N5#$ events of the year 1J1N,

NQ#$ successes of 'eter the reat, NKN$ his prosperity

at its Lenith, N%0$ 'eter travels through )urope, N%Q$

4eception of the :Lar in rance, #01.

O. 666.

7I8*O4+ O *7) 4988I/ )?'I4), continued.

4eturn of the :Lar, 5$ proceedings against 'rince

/leEis, ii $ national progress after 1J1K, Q0$ trade of

4ussia, QQ $ the la>s, J# $ religion, JQ $ *reaty of y-

stad, KS$ conFuests in 'ersia, %S$ death of 'eter the

reat and :oronation of :atherine I, 10K$ original

documents of 8tate, 1N1 $ /ppendiE $ climate, cus-

toms, government, la>s, religion, manners and cus-

toms, 1S#, 151 $ language, learning, arts, manufac-

tures, commerce, 1J1 $ anecdotes of 'eter the reat,

1%S.

*7) IO4/* '7IO8O'7)4. 8ee <'hilosophical Diction-

ary,< 8oul $ 8pinoLa.

Uuestions on eEistence, N1%$ our >eakness, NN0$

ho> am I to think, NN1 $ the philosophers, NNN $ beasts,

NNS$ eEperience, NN5$ substance$ narro> limits, NNQ$

impossible discoveries $ the foundation of despair,

NNJ$ doubt, NN%$ am I free! N#0$ is everything eter-

nal! N##$ intelligence, N#5$ eternity$ incomprehensi-

bility, N#Q$ inHnity, N#J$ my dependence, N#K$ eter-

nity again, N#%$ a fresh Fuestion, NS0$ a sole supreme

artist, NS1 $ 8pinoLa, NS# $ absurdities, N50 $ of the best

of >orlds, N5N $ see <:andide,< monads, N55 $ plastic

forms, N5Q$ ocke, N5J$ is there any morality!

5S eneral :ontents

NQ#$ real utility$ the notion of &ustice, NQ5$ is

universal consent a proof of truth! NQJ$ against

ocke, NQK$ 666I6, ##$ nature every>here the

same, NJ# $ 7obbes, NJS $ universal morality, NJ5 $

Toroaster, NJ5 $ the ;rahmins $ :onfucius, NJJ $ the

recian philosophers, NJK$ the 8toics, NK0$ ysop, NKN$

peace, the o@spring of philosophy, NK#$ Fuestions, NKS$

ignorance, NK5 $ the da>n of reason, NKK.

/n Indian /dventure, NK%$

*he Dauphin of rance, N%#.

O. 666I.

*7) I8;O )/4*7U9/() and other 'O)?8.

/uthorBs 'reface, 5. *he isbon )arthFuake, K$

note on philosophical theories, n$ 'reface to

poem on *he a> of ature, 1%$ the *emple of

*aste, S0$ *he *emple of riendship, J0$ *houghts

on the e>tonian 'hilosophy, JS$ )pistle on the

8ame, N%%$ On the Death of /drienne ecouvreur,

JJ$ *he orldling, KS$ On :alumny, K%$ hat

'leases the adies, 101 $ *he )ducation of a 'rince,

11J$ of a Daughter, 1NQ$ *he *hree ?anners, 1#1$

*helema and ?acareus, 1SQ$ *he ;attle of ontenoy,

15Q$ *he ?an of the orld, 1J0$ *he 'adlock, 1JQ$

)nvy, 1K# $ *he ature of irtue, 1KK $ *he ature of

'leasure, NSN$ *he 4eFuisites to 7appiness, NQJ$

anaticism, NJ0. 8ee IndeE, <'oems,< for minor

pieces in this volume. /lso ol. I, NKN-#05$ and

666III, <*he 7enriade.<

O. 666II.

)88/+8, on iterature, 'hilosophy, /rt, 7istory.

oltaireBs /ddress on his reception into the

rench /cademy, 5 $ uneral )ulogium on the O-

cers >ho died in the ar of 1JS1, NJ$ the </nti-

ucretius< of :ardinal de 'olignac, SK $ on able, 5N $

it, 5J$ / :ustom in 7olland, QK$ *he 'rofession

of etters, J0$ On :orruption of 8tyle, JJ$ to a :er-

eneral :ontents 55

tain 9pper :lerk, K0 $ / 4emarkable :ircumstance,

K5$ / Discourse to the <elsh< Crench, K%$ /n-

cient and ?odern *ragedy, 115$ the 'olitical *esta-

ment of :ardinal /lberoni, 1SN$ *he 8oul, 15N$ *ol-

eration, 15%$ Descartes and e>ton, 1QS$ e>tonBs

:hronology, 1JJ$ Dissertation by Dr. /kakia, 1K#$

7o> ar e 8hould Impose on the 'eople, 1%%$

*itles of 7onor, N0#$ :ommerce and uEury, N11$

?oney and the 4evenues of (ings, N1%$ *houghts on

the 'ublic /dministration, NNQ$ Dialogue on )Ecom-

munication, NS0$ Observations on 7istory, N5J$ *he

8kepticism of 7istory, NQ%$ etter to a 'rofessor of

7istory, NK0.

O. 666III.

*7) 7)4I/D)G etters by and to oltaire and ?iscel-

laneous 'apers.

/n )pic 'oemG

*7) 7)4I/D).

Introduction to <*he 7enriade,< 5$ :anto 1, %$ II,

N#$ III, #K$ I, 5#$ , J0$ I, K#$ II, %Q$ III,

115$ I6, 1#N$ 6, 1SS.

)**)48, by and to oltaire $ Introductory note, 1Q1 $ ac-

simile of a letter by oltaire, N#0.

;98I)88 )**)48 of oltaire, 1K5-N#0.

?I8:)/)O98 '/')48G On 8pinoLa, N#1$ on the )Eist-

ence of od, N#K$ reasons in favor of, N#%$ argu-

ments against a creative po>er, NSN$ 666, N1%$ the

amilies of :alas and 8irven, NS5$ I, 11K$ anati-

cism, NS%$ )vil Murisprudence, N5N$ ree *oleration,

N5S$ /nti-*oleration, N5K$ oreign causes of, NQ0$

'arty 8pirit, NQN $ see /theism, *oleration, od.

riters in the 4eign of ouis 6I, NQJ-#0K. 8ee 66II$

66III, 10%.

O. 666I6.

87O4* 8*9DI)8 in )nglish and /merican 8ub&ects.

'refatory note. *he )nglish 'arliament, 5$ :on-

5Q eneral :ontents

stitution, %$ )nglish :ommerce, 1Q$ Inoculation, 1%$

:hancellor ;acon, NJ$ ocke, ##$ 666, N5J$

8uicide, #%$ )nglish *ragedy, SS$ :omedy, 5N$

earned :ourtiers, J5$ 4ochester and aller, JJ$

'rior, ;utler, 8>ift, KN$ 6II, #0J$ 'ope, %#$ the

earned 8ocieties and /cademies, %Q$ :rom>ell,

10#, 66II, N%1$ 666, N%J$ the ?isfortunes of

:harles I, in$ )ngland under :harles II, 11S$ *he

)nglish theatre, 1NN$ :riticism of the 'lay of 7am-

let, 1NS$ <*he Orphan,< plan of, 1S0$ 4evolutions in

the *ragic /rt, 151$ On *ragedy, 1JS$ *he 4eligion

of the Uuakers, 1%N $ *he :hurch of )ngland, N1N $

'resbyterians, N1Q$ 9nitarians, N1%$ *he 'eopling of

/merica, NNN$ conFuest of 'eru, N#S$ the egro, NS0$

the rench in /merica, NSN$ the rench Islands, N51$

the )nglish and Dutch 'ossessions, NQ0$ 'araguay,

NQ% $ the :hanges in Our lobe, NJ%. 8ee Drama $ and

'refaces to 'lays, 6I6, N#5.

O. 6.

*7) ?/ID O O4)/8 G a 'ucelle dBOrleans.

In t>o volumes.



'refatory note, # $ Dedication of the translator to

the /cademic ranchise, 5 $ )pistolary 'reface, J $

etter of oltaire to the rench /cademy, N# $ 4e-

ply, NQ$

:anto IG *he chaste loves of :harles II and

/gnes 8orel $ Orleans besieged by the )nglish $ ap-

parition of 8t. Denis, ## $ notes, S%.

:anto IIG Moan, armed by 8t. Denis, repairs to

the court of the (ing, at *ours$ occurrences on her

&ourney, and ho> she received the ;revet of ir-

ginity, QJ$ notes, KJ.

:anto IIIG *he 'alace of olly$ combat near Or-

leans $ /gnes disguises herself in the armor of Moan

to go in pursuit of her lover$ she is taken prisoner

eneral :ontents 5J

by the )nglish, and her modesty is put to great

straits, 101 $ notes, 11J.



:anto IG Moan and Dunois combat the )nglish$

>hat occurs to them in the :astle of 7ermaphro-

diE, 1#5$ notes, 15%.

:anto G risbourdon the :ordelier, >ho sought

to violate Moan, is &ustly consigned to the infernal

regions, >here he details his adventure to the de-

mons, 1J#$ notes, 1K5.

:anto IG /dventure of /gnes and ?onrose$ the

*emple of ame$ tragical recital concerning Dorothy,

1%5$ notes, N1#.

:anto IIG 7o> Dunois rescued Dorothy, con-

demned to death by the InFuisition, NN5 $ notes, N#%.

:anto IIIG *he captivating a *rimouille

meets an )nglishman at the church of otre Dame

of oretto, and >hat after>ards ensued >ith Dor-

othy, NS#$ notes, N5%.

:anto I6G *rimouille and /rundel Hnd their mis-

tresses in 'rovence$ the strange adventure >hich

took place at the rock of 8t. ;alme, NQ#$ notes, NJJ.

:anto 6G /gnes 8orel is pursued by the /lmoner



of Mohn :handos$ lamentations of her lover$ >hat

happened to the beautiful /gnes in a convent, NK1 $

notes, N%J.

O. 6I.

*7) ?/ID O O4)/8, continued.

'reface of the editors of the (ehl edition, 5$ 'ref-

ace of Don /puleius 4isorius, the ;enedictine, 1#$

7istorical problem respecting the eEecution of a

'ucelle, 1%.

:anto 6IG :onvent sacked by the )nglish$ battle

bet>een 8t. eorge of )ngland and 8t. Denis, the

patron saint of rance, #%$ notes, 55.

:anto 6IIG ?onrose kills the /rmorer$ :harles

discovers /gnes, >ho consoled herself >ith ?onrose

in the :astle of :utendre, 5%$ notes, J5.

5K eneral :ontents

:anto 6IIIG Departure from :utendre$ combat



bet>een Moan and Mohn :handos$ singular la> of

arms, >hereto the ?aid is obliged to submit $ vision

of ather ;onifouE and the miracle >hich saves

MoanBs pudicity, J%$ notes, %J.

:anto 6IG /@ront o@ered by Mohn :handos to

the devout Dorothy$ combat bet>een *rimouille and

:handos $ >ho dies by the hand of Dunois, 10% $

notes, 1N#.

:anto 6G 8plendid feast at the ?ansion 7ouse

of Orleans, follo>ed by a general assault $ :harles

attacks the )nglish$ >hat happens to the lovely

/gnes and the companions of her &ourney, 1NJ$ notes,

1#J.

:anto 6IG 7o> 8t. 'eter appeased 8t. eorge

and 8t. Denis, promising a noble recompense to him

>ho should produce the best ode$ death of the lovely

4osamore, 1#%$ notes, 155.

:anto 6IIG 7o> :harles II., /gnes 8orel,

Moan, Dunois, a *rimouille, all became fools$ ho>

they regained their senses by the eEorcism of the

4ight 4everend ather ;onifouE, the (ingBs con-



fessor, 15%$ notes, 1J5.

:anto 6IIIG Disgrace of :harles and his olden

*roop, 1J%$ notes, 1%#.

:anto 6I6G Death of the brave and tender *ri-

mouille and of the charming Dorothy $ the obdurate

*yrconnel becomes a monk of the Order of :har-

treuE, 1%J$ notes, N11.

:anto 66G 7o> Moan fell into a strange tempta-

tion$ tender temerity of her ass, and the noble re-

sistance of our ?aid, N1#$ NNJ.

:anto 66IG *he chastity of Moan demonstrated$

malice of the devil$ rendeLvous given to *albot by

the >ife of ouvet the 'resident $ services rendered

by ;rother ourdis$ charming conduct of the dis-

creet /gnes $ repentance of the ass $ eEploits of Moan $

triumphs of the good (ing :harles II., NN%$ notes,

NSJ, N51.

I8* O I98*4/*IO8

I *7)

O9?)8

O. I.

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O*/I4) ID)6

P:onsult also the entries under <'hilosophical Dictionary,< at foot

of each letter of the IndeE.R

MG /'7/;)*$ origin of language, v. 5.

/;;)+, /;;O**$ historico-theological eEposition, v. 15.

/;D-)4-4/7?/ $ overruns rance and 8pain in the eighth

century, EEiv. 1KN.

/B;):()*, *7O?/8, EEv. 50, 111%-11J0$ a la>yer >ho be-

came chancellor to 7enry II. and after>ards 'rimate

of )ngland and egate of the 7oly 8ee $ he asserts the

churchBs po>er over the civil la>, 51 $ refuses to an-

s>er charges so is imprisoned by the bishops and lords $

Aies to rance, returns in 11J0 and eEcommunicates

those >ho had condemned him, 51 $ the king asks if no

one >ill rid him of the insolent prelate, >hereupon

/B;ecket >as murdered at the altar of :anterbury

cathedral, 11JN. (ing 7enry submits to penance and

discipline at the tomb, by command of the 'ope, 5#$

canoniLed as a saint.

/;)/4D /D 7)OI8), 10J%-11SN, Ei. 1S1$ and 8t. ;ernard,



EEvi. 5S.

/;)I/8$ nudity their rule in >orship, Eii. 5K.

/;), ability, v. NJ.

/;O4*IO, the sonnet of the$ a court poem of 1QJ#, EEiii.

1JN.

/;4/7/?, his age and career, v. N%$ his &ourney to )gypt,

#%$ his relations >ith Mehovah, S%$ the thrifty man of

business, viii. 1K1.

/;8O9*IO, fees for, in cases of homicide, bigamy, heresy,

and permission to read forbidden books, Eiii. 1#Q$ Eiv.

Q5-

/;98), abuse of >ords, v. 5#.

/;+88II/, its eEploration by /lvareL, EEvii. 1K%.

QJ

QK oltaire IndeE

/:/D)?I)8 and learned societies$ 7omer, ?ichelangelo,

8ophocles and irgil >ere not academicians, Eiii. NNK.

/:/D)?I) 4/:/I8), suggestions to>ard its improvement,

Eiii. N#N.

/::ID)*/8.

< 9pon occasion, time and place,

Depend your glory or disgrace$

One day by all youBre idoliLed,

*he neEt insulted and despised.<

)pistle 6III. EEEvi. N1#.

/:7?)* III., )mperor of the *urks, entertains :harles

6II. of 8>eden lavishly at ;ender, EE. 1KJ.

/:*O48 /D :794:7 :)894)8, EEEvii. NS0$ used to be

eEcommunicated, Eiii. #NN.

/:*O48 ;O*7. <'rudes love coEcombs.< *he 'rude,

Eviii. 1J%.

/D/?, unkno>n to his descendants, v. Q0$ lived nine hun-

dred and thirty years after eating his apple, though

<in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely

die,< Eii. 11K$ the old theologians in doubt >hether

/dam had or had not a navel, Eli. 1JQ.

/D/?I*)8, a :hristian sect that deprived themselves of

clothing in public >orship, Eii. 5K.

/DDI8O on literary taste, Eiv. 5N.

/DO4/*IO O / OD preceded all forms of religion, Eiv. K#.

/D4I/ I., the Hrst 'ope >ho made himself a prince$ in

the eighth century, EEiv. KK.

/D4I/, 'ope and the 7incmar case, viii. Q5.

/D4I/ I., 'ope, d. 115%$ >as an )nglish beggar named

icholas ;reakspere, the son of a beggar, EEv. #0.

/D4I/, espasian, erva, *itus, *ra&an, the /ntonines $

these 4oman )mperors never persecuted the :hris-

tians, EEiv. QK.

/D4I)) ):O94)94 on the death of, EEEvi. JJ.

</D)*94) I IDI/, /$< see 4O?/:)8.

/)4I/ O+/) O 7/;/((9(, #00 miles, suspended by a

single hair of his head, Eiii. N5.

p, other>ise ocman, a 'ersian, EEiv. S5$ EEEv. NKN.

oltaire IndeE Q%

</ge of ouis 6I., *he,< 1Q#K-1J15$ 66II$ 66III. 8ee

EEEviii. NQJ.

<In >riting this history the author >as forty years

seeking the truth, and he has delivered it.<

eneral 7istory, EEE. NQS.

8tate of )urope before ouis 6I., EEii. 1# $ ictories

of the rench, #Q$ the :ivil ar, SQ$ until 1Q5S, Q0$

death of :ardinal ?aLarin, J5 $ ouis governs alone,

10Q $ :onFuest of landers, 1N0 $ 'eace of /iE la :hapelle,

1NJ$ ?agniHcence of ouis the rand, 1#5$ )vacuation

of 7olland, 1QS$ Death of ?arshal *urenne, 1J5$ 'eace

of imeguen, 1K%$ the taking of 8trasburg, N0Q$ Mames



II. of )ngland dethroned, NN# $ )urope until 1Q%J, NS1 $

*reaty >ith 8avoy, NQS.

*he >ar of 1J01, EEiii. 5 $ loss of the ;attle of ;len-

heim, NK $ losses in 8pain, S1 $ ouis 6I. humbled, 5Q $

he solicits peace, K1 $ the a@airs of rance retrieved, %S$

/necdotes of ouis 6I., 10%$ additional memoirs, 1JQ$

last years of ouis, N0#$ government, commerce, la>s,

N#0 $ Hnance, NQ1 $ progress of sciences, arts, NJJ $ the

children of ouis, N%K$ famous artists and musicians,

#00.

/iE / :7/')), the 'eace of, EEii. 1NJ.

/(/(I/ D4., 'hysician to the 'ope Pa satire on ?au-

pertuisR. )ssays, EEEvii. 1K#.

/ (IB8 /DI:) *O (I8 $ >ritten by ouis 6I., EEiii.

N11.

/;)4OI, :/4DI/, 1QQS-1J5N, pledges the assistance of

8pain to :harles 6II. of 8>eden, >ho >as seeking

to retrieve his fortunes, and makes friends >ith 'eter

the reat, EEi. NK$ his 'olitical *estament, EEEvii.

1SN.

/;I)8)8, :rusade against the$ called heretics, 1N0J,



EEv. 1J# $ EEiE. NJ#.

/:)8*I8 /D /D?)*98, note, El. NQ1.

/:7+?+, note, El. 1N1.

/:9I, the )nglish monk, engaged by :harlemagne to

teach book learning at court, EEiv. 1NN$ he soon pos-

JO oltaire IndeE

sesses three abbeys >ith eEtensive territories, and

t>enty thousand slaves, 1#1.

/)6/D)4 *7) 4)/*, ;. :. #5Q-#N# $ v. 10J.

/)6/D)4 I., 'ope, 1S#1-150#$ publicly accused of in-

cest, EEvi. N0J$ disgraceful nuptial festivities in the

atican, N0K$ bargains >ith ouis 6II. of rance for

a divorce, N10$ ouis invades Italy, N11$ his con-

Fuests, 1S%%, N1N$ the villainies of the family of this

'ope and :aesar ;orgia, N1Q$ murders, oppressions,

cheatings, hypocrisies, N1J $ his strange death, NN1 $

leaving a more detestable memory than did ero or

:aligula, NNN. ote, Eli. 10N.

/)6/D)4 III., 'ope, 1Q10-1Q%1 $ no man in the ?iddle

/ges ever deserved so >ell of mankind, EEE. 1#J.

/)6/D)4B8 )/8*, by Dryden, a masterpiece of lyric

verse, viii. NS#.

/4)D *7) 4)/*, KS%-%01. as in the >orld a man more >orthy of the

regard of posterity than /lfred the reat, >ho rescued

his bleeding country from slavery, and governed her

like a good king.< eneral 7istory, EEiv. 1JQ.

/94)?)*. ith Ao>ers, if I >ould dra> them to it.<

:asar, EiE. 10%.

/O).

<In this distressful hour the >orld forsakes me.<

Taire EiE. 5%.

/'7O8O, called the reat, ninth century, (ing of 8pain,

>ho put out the eyes of four of his brothers, EEiv. 1K5.

/*)/, the destruction of, :harles 6II. of 8>eden, EE.

NK5.

/*49I8?.

<hat I still >ould litigate >ith po>er,

I give to friendship$ nay, I can do more,

I can subdue the >eakness of my heart,

/nd plead a rivalBs cause.< /melia, Evi. %1.

oltaire IndeE J1

//, DO, 150K-15KN, his career of unsoldierly brutality,

EEvii. N%1.

/?;/88/DO48.

<*rue ambassadors interpret la>s,

;ut never break them$ serve their king, but neBer

Dishonor him $ >ith them reposed in safety

ie the Hrm ties of faith Bt>iEt man and man,

/nd of their holy ministry the fruit

Is grateful peace.< ;rutus, Ev. N%J.

/?;I*IO.

<+ouBve touched him in the tenderest part,

/mbition >ill urge him on.< :atiline, Evii. NKQ.

/mbition Hrst corrupted the earth, Eiv. N1J.

/?)4I:/, its discovery foretold by 8eneca, though not a

sacred prophet, viii. 5N.

once supposed to have been coloniLed by (amschat-

kans, Eii. N55.

colony founded by 'enn, vii. 1QQ. 8ee 'enn, 'enn-

sylvanians, Uuakers, Dunkers. 8ee EEEiE.

discovery by :olumbus, EEvii. 1%#$ his troubles and

successes, 1%S$ treatment by erdinand and Isabella,



1%5$ the egg story told of ;runelleschi long before

:olumbus >as born, EEvii. 1%K$ mineral and other

>ealth of the ne> country, N0N$ inAuence on )urope,

N0#$ massacres of the natives by 8panish governors,

N0Q.

and 8pain, EEEvii. N1#.

/?)4I:/ :/I;/I8?, EEEvii. NJ5.

Indians, have hairless faces, E. 1SQ.

8ub&ectsG 8hort 8tudies on, *he 'eopling of /mer-

ica $ :onFuest of 'eru $ *he egro $ *he rench,

)nglish, and Dutch 'ossessions$ 'araguay, EEEiE.

NNN-NJ%.

/?O948 O ouis 6I., EEiii. in$ ?aria ?ancini, 11S.

8ee a alliere, ?ontespan, ?aintenon.

/?94/*7 II., a philosophic *urkish monarch, >ho t>ice

resigned his cro>n, EEvi. 10#$ >ars >ith adislaus

I. of 'oland, and concluded a treaty of peace in

JN oltaire IndeE

1SSS, 10S$ >hich >as violated on the :hristiansB side,

>ho >ere routed by /murath at the battle of arna,

1SSS, leaving the empire to his son, ?ahomet II., 10J.

//;/'*I8*8, *he, EEvii. JQ$ fanatics >ho massacred the

enemies of the ord, according to 8cripture, EEvii. J% $

EEE. JK.

//4:7+ /D D)8'O*I8?, EEEvii. N#Q.

/:)8*4+.

</ hundred kings for his proud ancestors,

*he boasted honor of a race divine.<

?erope, Ev. #.

< /ncient and ?odern 7istory.<

8even volumes, EEiv-EEE.

:hina, ;. :, to )urope, eleventh century, EEiv.

ermany, 105Q, to )ngland, 1S00, EEv.

rance, 1#KS, to )urope, 15%%, EEvi.

:harles ., )mperor, 151N, to 'hilip II., 15KS, EEvii.

/rmada, *he 8panish, 155K, to :rom>ell, 1Q5K,

EEviii.

)ngland, 1QQ1, to :hina and Mapan, 1Q%0, EEiE.

8upplementary otes, covering all the periods $ the

'olite /rts $ 4ecapitulation $ 8upplementary otes

to <*he /ge of ouis< Csee EEii-EEiii, EEE.

8ee /dditions, EEiE. 1Q5.

/:I)* /;)8, EEEvii. 5N.

< aith and able.< 8ee 4omances.

>riters, delightful self-complacency of, >ho thought

they thought, E. 1%.

< and ?odern 7istory,< additions to, EEiE. 1Q5 $

EEE. 5.

</D4) D)8 *O9:7)8 I 8I/?.< 8ee 4omances.

/)8. <8cotus has counted a thousand million of

angels. It is not kno>n precisely >here they d>ell,

>hether in the air, in the void, or in the planets. 'ope

regory I. HEed the number of angels in nine choirs,

forming three hierarchies$ the Hrst consisting of the

seraphim, cherubim, and thrones $ the second of the

dominations, virtues, and po>ers $ the third, of the

oltaire IndeE J#

principalities, archangels, and angels. It is hardly per-

missible for anyone but a 'ope thus to settle the di@er-

ent ranks in heaven.< v. N0N.

/)4.

<*hat anger >hich soon kindled

Is soon eEtinct, >hich, doubtful still and blind,

)Ehausts its feeble po>ers in sudden transports.<

?ariamne, Evi. NSK.

/I?/ITI. book against

the human race. I thank you for it. o one has ever

employed so much intellect in the attempt to prove us

beasts.< etter to M. M. 4ousseau, EEEviii. NN#.

S B/nnals of the )mpire,< EEEi-EEEii, continued in EEEiii.

:harlemagne, /. D. JSN, to 7enry II., 1#1#, EEEi. 1S$

ouis of ;avaria, 1#15, to erdinand II., 1Q#1, EEEii. 5$

to eopold, EEEiii. N5%. 8ee oltaireBs etter to a 'ro-

fessor of 7istory, EEEvii. NK0. 8ee :harlemagne, for

names of the )mperors.

/), *he 7eroic ife of 8t., the ?other of ?ary, dic-

tated by 7erself to ather ?alagrida, EEE. NS#.

/), Uueen of )ngland, 1QQS-1J1S, hated because she

had caused peace, EE. N%J$ EEii. N%Q.

/OD+), *7) 8O.

<*ime, my lord,

ill bring back order and tranFuillity.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N1 1.

/*7O+ O //44), father of 7enry I., EEEviii. NJ.

/*I:74I8*. <*he Mesuit, ?olina, Binvented the doc-

trine of concomitant concurrence, of intermediate kno>l-

edge, and congruism.B 7e >as denounced for this as

the forerunner of /ntichrist.< Mansenism, EEi. 1SS.

/*I'/*7+. <*here is no reason >hy, because >e

canBt love, >e should hate each other.<

anine Eviii. 15S-

/*IU9I*+, ables and history in, EEEvii. N5J.

/*I-*O)4/*IO. ?iscellanies, EEEviii. N5K-NQ0. 8ee

*oleration.

/*8 /D ;))8, their model governments, Ei. KJ.

JS oltaire IndeE

/I, B*I6* 7/??)4 /D. orld >e are reduced to being either the anvil or the

hammer.< Eiv. 1#5.

/'/?I8, 8tory of, EEEvi. 1S1.

/'I O*7)48. </pes >ere made for imitation, but

man should act from his o>n heart.<

anine, EEiii. %J.

/'O:/+'8), *7). <*he houses in the e> Meru-

salem of a thousand years >ere to be Hve hundred

leagues high. It >ould be rather disagreeable to live

in the upper story, but >e Hnd all this in the t>enty-

Hrst chapter.< v. NS5.

/'O:4+'7/, e> *estament. <8t. :lement the 4oman

says, in his second )pistle, B*he ord, being asked >hen

his reign should come, ans>ered, <hen t>o shall make

one, >hen that >hich is >ithout shall be >ithin, >hen

the male shall be female, and >hen there shall be

neither female nor male.ere they married! v. N%%.

:reed, not >ritten by them, vii. 11Q$ ho> formu-

lated, 11K$ disputes among the, 1#K.

/'O8*OI:/ :O8*I*9*IO8 /D :/O8, v. NJK.

/'O8*OI: O4II O *7) IU9I8I*IO, E. N1K.

/''/4I*IO8, v. #1S$ of Mesus in a rench church, Eiv.

N0$ of ?adame 8t. ?emin, and her eEtraordinary

ne>s from hell, as reported before a rench la>

court, Eiv. 1QJ.

/'')/4/:), vi. 5.

/'')/4/:)8 ?I8*/() O4 4)/I*I)8, E. n.

/'')/4I /D ;)I. <7e has a noble heart, and

you may one day kno> he is not >hat perhaps he might

appear to be.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N#K.

/''4):I/*IO.

<'resumptuous ignorance long has spurned the head

Of patient merit, >hich defenceless lay.<

erses to rederic of 'russia, EEEvi. K0,

oltaire IndeE J5

/'4I 8(I)8.

<ought has earth but shado>s vain,

Of pleasures follo>ed close by pain$

8oon her >inged transports Ay,

8oon her roses fade and die.<

'andora, Evii. #0N.

/U9I/8, 8*. *7O?/8, 1NNJ-1NJS, <the )agle of *he-

ology,< EEvii. 1#%.

/4/;I/, the genius of its people, its greatness for three

centuries under the :aliphs, EEiv. Q0.

/4/;I: /9/). <It >as HEed before the time of

?ahomet and has not been altered since, and there is

not the least trace in it of any &argon spoken at that

time in )urope.< eneral 7istory, EEiv. Q5.

/4/4/*, ?O9*, on >hich the /rk rested$ story of ship

built by 6iEuter on the advice of 8aturn, >hich

>eathered the Deluge and >as left high and dry on

the top of a mountain in /rmenia, vi. 1Q.

/4;4I88), 8*. 4O;)4*, a stronger 8t. /nthony, El. 1SS-

1QS.

/4:7I?)D)8, a problem in love and fate for, iE. N5S.

/4IO8*O, viii. N5Q$ forty-eight thousand rhymes >ithout

>earying the reader, Eiii. %1 $ Eli. %J.

/4I8*)/8, story of 'tolemy 'hiladelphus, vi. #0.

/4I8*O*), vi. ## $ on eloFuence, viii. 1%% $ adored and

cursed by the ignorant men of learning in the church,

Eiv. N0#.

/4I8*O:4/:+. <*he man of >orth, >ho has modesty

>ith courage, and the >oman >ho has sense and spirit,

though >ithout fortune, rank, or title, are, in my eyes,

the Hrst of human kind.< anine, Eviii. %Q.

/4I98, d. ##Q, his Hght >ith /thanasius, vi. 1%.

/4(, O/7B8, its >onderful capacity, viii. J0. 8ee /4/4/*.

/4?/D/, the Invincible, of 'hilip II, 15KK, EEviii. 5. 8ee

'7II' II.

/4/9D, disciple of 8t. :yran, champion of Mansenism,

EEi. 1SQ-15J.

/4* /D )I98. </rt and genius consist in Hnding

JQ oltaire IndeE

everything >ithin the sub&ect, and never going out of

it in search of additional ornaments.<

'reface to Orestes, Evii. QJ.

/4* /* I*8 7I7)8*. <7o> astonishing it is that

in every art it should be so long before >e arrive at the

simple and natural.< 'reface to Taire, EiE. 15.

</4* O O),< the true cause of OvidBs banishment, Eii.

1N%.

/4* O 4I*I, Mesus never condescended to practise the,

Eiv. 10S.

/4*/6)46)8 and the retreat of the ten thousand, an eE-

amination of the curious story, Eiv. NJN.

/4*II:I/ 4)IIO encourages holy >ars and atrocities,

Eiv. 1%Q.

/4*I)4+ introduced ten years before the battle of :recy,

in 1#SQ, EEv. NKK.

/4*8, the Hne, banished from rance by the revocation of

the )dict of antes, vi. QJ.

</s ) O4I) O94 D);*O48.< Do >e! vi. NJ0.

/8I/ in the thirteenth to the siEteenth centuries, EEvii.

N#1. 8ee )7I8 (7/, :7I/, */?)4/).

/8?OD)98, seducer of )ve and 8arah, vi. JN.

/88 O /:O/, *7).

<o>, in the pomp of apostolic state,

8upreme, and cro>ned >ith empire, C'ope 8iEtus sate$

If fraud and churlish insolence might claim

4eno>n, no monarch bore a fairer name.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. Q0.

/ss O )4O/, *7), >hich >alked on the sea from

Merusalem, EEiE. #0N.

/88/88I8. <7e >ho takes

/notherBs life should lose his o>n$ no rights,

o la>s, should plead for him.<

:atiline Evii. NJS.

fortiHed by receiving the blessed sacrament, Eiv. NQ $

absolution obtainable before perpetration of crimes,

EEvii. #01.

/88)8, talking, vi. K1.

oltaire IndeE JJ

<*he feast of the /ss of erona >as celebrated in

the churches. *here >as a long procession, headed by

a young >oman >ith a child in her arms, mounted on

an ass, representing the irgin ?ary going into )gypt.

/t the end of the mass the priest brayed three times

>ith all his might, and the people ans>ered in chorus.<

vi. KJ.

;alaamBs ass, El. %S$ Eli. N5Q.

/88I88I, 4/:I8, EEiE. NQ0$ note, El. K%. 8ee DB/ssissr.

/8*4OO+. <*his credulity, >hich is the most infallible

mark of ignorance, prevailed so much that an astrologer

>as kept concealed in the chamber of Uueen /nne of

/ustria, >hile she >as in labor of ouis 6I.<

/ge of ouis 6I , EEii. #S.

possibly provable, vi. %#$ note, El. N%K.

/8*4OO?+, evidence of universal la>, vi. %Q.

/*7//8I98, 8*., N%Q-#J#, his hair-splitting creed, vi. N1.

/*7)I8?. <7eBs a heretic, he denies the plurality of

gods 7eBs a deist $ he believes in only one od, heBs

an atheist< 8ocrates, Evi. N%K.

un>isdom of, vi. 10S $ arguments revie>ed, philoso-

phy of, 1N%$ Ei. 1%#.

</*7)I8*,< 8ocrates so called because he believed in one

od only, Eiii. N#S.

/*4O:I*I)8 of kings and Fueens in the eighth and ninth

centuries, EEiv. 1%1.

/998* :)4)?OI)8 in >orship need not involve myste-

ries, Eiii. Q#.

/998*I), saint and man, #5S-S#0, vi. 151 $ an /frican

debauchee and penitent, ?anichoean and :hristian,

tolerant and persecuting, >ho passed his life in per-

petual self-contradiction, Eii. 11K$ his opinion of 8t.

'aul, vii. 1#%-15J$ stories of his miracles, and of 8t.

Merome, Ei. NJ%$ his testimony respecting the custom

of having drinking bouts at the tombs of the early

:hristians, Eiii. 5J $ note, El. NK0, Eli. N55.

/998*I) *7) ?O(, d. Q0J, >ho :hristianiLed )ngland,

Hrst archbishop of :anterbury, EEiv. 1#%.

JK oltaire IndeE

/998*98, deiHcation of the )mperor, Eiv. 1S%.

/949-T);, 1Q1K-1J0J, EEiE. 1#5$ enormous >ealth of,

1#J-

/98*4I/ 89::)88IO. 8ee </4 O 1JS1,< EEEiii. 10#.

/9*7O48 >ho had better have been mechanics, vi. 1JQ.

/9*7O487I'. <I had rather be read than be sold$

truth is above trade, and reputation above money.<

etters, EEEviii. N1#.

/9*O D/ . 8ee IU9I8I*IO.

/TO/, story of, EEEvi. 151.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

I *) O9?)8 -6I.

O. . / *O /''/4I*IO.

C8ee foot of each letter for 'hilosophical Dictionary

contents.

/, the Hrst, and therefore the sacred letter, v. 5.

/, ;, :, or /lphabet, 5$ ancient pronunciations, %$ no

primitive language, 10.



/;;), i. e. father$ /bbey, /bbot, 15$ the nightly knocks

of 8t. ;enedict, 1Q$ 7enry III. of rance >anted to

seculariLe the /bbeys, but >as assassinated, NQ.

/;), /bility, NJ.

/;4/7/?, as saint and man, N%$ our diculty in the

matter of passing o@ his >ife as his sister, #N$ his

activity at one hundred and forty years of age $ 8arah

bears Isaac >hen only ninety-four, S%.

/;98), in government, 5# $ of >ords, 5# $ fatal mistake, 5S.

/:/D)?+, the rench, 5J.

/D/?, his descendants, eEcepting one small tribe, never

heard of him, Q0$ >as he a hermaphrodite! QQ$ >e

kno> too fe> anecdotes of our famous family, Q%.

/DO4/*IO, in all ages and lands, J0.

/D9*)4+, JQ$ a plea for >ives, K#.

/I4?/*IO, or oath, KK.



//4, or 7agar, K%.

/:7)?+, %1.

oltaire IndeE N0

/(O4/, *he (oran, %# $ ?ahometBs regulations >ith re-

spect to >ives, %Q$ vi. 5S.

/)6/D)4, ;. : #5Q-#N#, contradictions in the character

of heroes, 10J.

/)6/D4I/, 115.

/I)48, the Hrst design of ouis 6I., 11%.

/)O4I)8, the macaroni style of pulpit oratory, 1NN.

/?//:8, pagan and :hristian, 1NJ.

/*/48, *emples, 4ites, 8acriHces, 1#S.

/?/TO8, 8emiramis to Moan of /rc, 1#Q.



/?;I9I*+, )Fuivocation, useful to certain cults, 1S1.

/?)4I:/, ho> Hrst peopled, 1S5.

/?'II:/*IO, in poetry and preaching, 1SJ.

/:I)*8 /D ?OD)48, their rival claims to intellectual

supremacy, 15#$ their eloFuence compared, 1QQ$ ord

:hesterHeld on the manners of the gods, 1J5.

/):DO*)8, untrust>orthiness of historical, 1JQ$ 7enry

I., ouis 6I., :rom>ell, ouis 6, :harles .,

4availlac, Damiens$ the ?an in the Iron ?ask, 1K%$

:ardinal 4ichelieu, 1%N$ *heodoric, 1%Q$ ather

ouFet, 1%K$ the Mesuits in :hina, N01.

/)8, the beliefs of India, 'ersia, of the Me>s, reeks,

and 4omans, N0N$ doctrine of angels older than that

of immortality, N1#.

//8 of the ancients, N1%.

//*8, royal and ecclesiastical. eEtortion, NNN.

/*74O'O?O4'7I*)8, a bearded deity, NNQ.



/*I-9:4)*I98, :ardinal 'olignacBs poem, NNJ.

/*IU9I*+, )dinburgh the original )den! N#0$ antiFuity

of beliefs and usages, N#S$ festivals founded on chi-

meras, N#%$ origin of the arts, NS1.

/'I8, the >orship of, NSS.

/'O:/+'8), reasoning of the early athers, NS5.

/*I- *4II*/4I/8, N5#.

/'O:4+'7/, /pocryphal, N5Q$ the canonical ;ooks of

?oses, NQ0$ the t>o stories of his death, NQQ$ the

e> *estament /pocrypha, NQK$ /postolical consti-

tutions and canons, NJK.

Ko oltaire IndeE

/'O8*/*), Mulian the )mperor, N%0.

/'O8*)8, >ere they married! N%%$ their histories, #0N.

/''/4I*IO8, seeing the unseen under inAuence of strong

emotions, #1S.

O. I. /'')/4/:) /Eis.

/'')/4/:), the un>isdom of being dogmatic, 5.

/'4O'O8, a gospel of luck, J.

/4/;8, their poetical genius, K$ on Mob, the /rab, 1#.

/4/4/*, and the anchorage of the /rk, 1Q.

/4I/I8?, the immortal Fuarrel bet>een /rius and /tha-

nasius, 1% $ :onstantine the villain, N1 $ ho> an

emperor and :hurch :ouncils settled the *rinity and

the /nti-*rinitarians, NN$ ho> :alvin settled 8ervetus,

NK$ 8ocinus and modern 9nitarianism, N%.

/4I8*)/8, his story of 'tolemy 'hiladelphus, #0.

/4I8*O*), ;. :. #KS-#NN, his ogic, 'hysics, ?etaphysics,

?orals, 4hetoric, and dicta on 'oetry, ##.

/4?8, /rmies $ ;rahmins and <'ennsylvanians< have no

use of them$ only <:hristians< countenance Hghting

organiLations, SJ.

/4O* /D ?/4O*, 5S. 8ee (O4/.



/4* O 'O)*4+, QS. 8ee 'O)*4+.

/4*8, ine /rts, >hat they o>e to ouis 6I., QJ.

/8?OD)98, his loves and fate, J1.

/8'7/*98, the bituminous lake of 8odom, J5$ diculties

in the legend of the Hve destroyed cities, JJ $ a theory

touching otBs >ife, J%.

/ss, the talking ass of 8ilenus, K1 $ and others, KS.

/88/88I, /ssassination, KK.

/8*4OO+, possibly provable, %# $ yet probably >rong, 101.

/8*4OO?+, evidence of la>, %Q.

/*7)I8?, impolicy of, 10S$ revie> of the arguments pro

and con, 10%$ /*7)I8*8 among the early :hristians,

1NK$ philosophy of, 1N%$ *7)I8*8, their reasonable-

ness, 1#J.

/*O?8, doctrines of the philosophers, 1S0.

//4I:), t>o vie>s of, 1SS.

oltaire IndeE K1

/994+, among 7ebre>s and 'agans, 1SQ.

/998*I), #5S-S#0, the saint as a man, 151,

/998*98, Octavius, ;. :. Q#-/. D. 1S, his morals, 15#$

his cruelties, 155.

/IO, a monument of ecclesiastical ambition and holy

>ars, 1 Q0.

/98*)4I*I)8, ?ortiHcations, lagellations, 1QJ.

/9*7O48, elasticity of the designation, modesty of the

/postles, 1J0$ <authors< >ho should be mechanics,

1JQ.

/9*7O4I*+, 1JK.

/Eis, some ancient chimeras, 1J%.

C)nd of 'hilosophical Dictionary.

<;/;/;):.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

;/;), *O)4 O, vi. 1K1.

<othing of this famous to>er, nor of this story of

the confusion of tongues, is found in any book. oth-

ing remains to us but faith in the ;ible, and happily that

is an infallible guide.< vi. 1K1.

<7igh Dutch >as the language spoken before that

tongue >as further confused.< ote, El. 1Q1.

;/;+O, *7) '4I:)88 O. 8ee 4O?/:)8.

;/::798, resemblance to ?oses, vi. 1%1.

;/:(;O). <*he irresolute alone

Is s>ayed by others, but the blood of heroes

ill guide itself.< ?erope, Ev. K%.

;/:O, O4D, 15Q1-1QNQ, the father of eEperimental phi-

losophy, EEEiE. NJ.

;/D ?)B8 :O?O4*.

<*he people by degrees forget their >rongs,

Or pardon them.< Orphan of :hina, Ev -an.

;/M/T)* ID)4I?, 1#SJ-1S0#, the *hunderbolt, his defeat

of the rench, >hom he put to death, as they had

slain their *urkish prisoners, EEvi. %0$ defeated by

*amerlane, 1S01, %5.

KN oltaire IndeE

;///?B8 /ss" note, El. %S$ Eli. N5Q.

;//:) O 'O)4, intrigues of )ngland and 7olland to

secure the, <ar of 1JS1,< EEEiii. 10Q.

;/'*I8?, of the dead, vi. N0#$ by aspersion, N0S$ by a

cold bath, N05 $ a mitigated hell for unbaptiLed infants,

N0Q$ baptism by sand and muddy >ater$ young con-

verts made to say, ho had me ill baptiLed,< N0J$ Uuakers do not use

baptism because Mesus did baptiLe his follo>ers, N11$

baptism in India, N11.

;/'*I8*, MO7 *7), a leader >ith a greater reputation

than Mesus, vi. N10.

;/4;/4O88/, )mperor rederick I., 11N#-11%0, called$ the

>ars of the 'opes and (ings, EEv. NS$ as great a

monarch as Otho and :harlemagne, #1 $ he refuses to

kiss the 'opeBs feet before receiving the cro>n, but

ultimately consented, as an empty form, ##, telling the

people of 4ome, as cro>ned by the 'ope, 1155$ in 11JJ B

the )mperor >as forced to make his submission to

the 'ope, #K, and died, 11%0, #%$ 11K$ EEE. Q5.

;/4;/4O98 ')48):9*IO O *7) 8I4) /?I+, viii. NS.

;/4;/4+, *unis, /lgiers, eL, ?orocco, in the siEteenth

century, EEvii. NJN$ EEE. NQJ.

;/4))D*, MO7 O, 15SJ-1Q1%, EEiE. QN.

;/4*7OO?) ?/88/:4), 15JN, had been planned for t>o

years, EEviii. 5K$ a procession of thanks to od or-

dered on each anniversary, QS$ the (ing shoots his

'rotestant sub&ects, Eli. NKS$ the historic massacre

pictured in *he 7enriade, EEEviii. #0-#J.

;/8I *7) 4)/*, 8*., #N%-#J%$ EEvii. 1#N.

;/8IID)8, MO7, EEvi. NJN$ 4ussia in the siEteenth cen-

tury, EEvi. NJN, EEiE. K5.

;/8II8(, *7), note, Eli. 15Q.

;/*7I, as a religious ceremony, vi. N0K.

;/**)8, historical narratives of.

<e> capable of a@ording the reader the smallest in-

struction $ every>here else I can see nothing but man-

oltaire IndeE K#

kind cutting one anotherBs throats and nothing more.<

On 'rinted ies, EEi. NK1.

;/+/4D, :7)/I)4, 1SJ5-15NS, the Ao>er of chivalry,

EEvii. 1J.

;/+), 'I)44), 1QSJ-1J0Q, on David the 'salmist, viii. 5J$

on the philosophy of Ovid, Eii. 1#1 $ a criticism upon,

EEEviii. NJ1.

;)/4D, the impiety of picturing od >ith a, E. 1J#$ Auc-

tuations of fashion, EEvi. #1%.

;)/8*8, the souls of, vi. NNN.

;)/8*8 /D ?). <Dogs bite from an instinct of

courage, and this fello> from an instinct of meanness.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. N%.

;)/9?)), /94)* D) /, note, El. N1K$ Eli. 1K5-1%5.

;)/9*+, >hen out of its place, is beauty no longer, Eiv.

N#5-

;)/9*+B8 /II8. ould prefer ugliness and

a@ability to beauty >ith pride and arrogance.<

anine, Eviii. %S.

;))8, contrasted >ith ourselves, vi. N#0.

;)I 4I7*. <If you once make yourself ridiculous,

in early life, the >orld >ill think you al>ays so.<

*he *aller, Eviii. NQ#.

;)7)/DI8. <*houghts on overnment,< EEEvii. N#S.

;))-I8), ?arshal relieves 'rague, >hich >as su@ering

severely, <ar of 1JS1,< EEEiii. %0.

;)I), believing that >e believe, vi. NSS.

;)II, )*I), the painter, 1501, note, Eli. NQJ.

;))DI:*, 8*., d. 5SN, EEvii. 1#N.

;))DI:*I) ?O(8, their services to posterity in raising

to>ns around the monasteries, >hich >ere centres of

learning and good >ork among the poor, and a refuge

from tyranny, EEiv. 1#N$ note, El. 9%iQS.

;))DI:* 6I., 'ope, friend of oltaire, a man of letters

and a lover of peace, EEE. NNQ.

;))I:):) to>ards our neighbor, this is virtue, Eiv. 1Q#.

KS oltaire IndeE

;))I:)* I/D)48.

<:onFuerors$ some >ere sent by heaven

*o guide our footsteps in the paths of truth,

*o teach us arts unkno>n, immortal secrets,

*he kno>ledge of mankind, the arts, my son,

*o speak, to think, to live, and to be happy.<

/lsire, Evii. N5.

;))I* O :)4+, meaning of term, vii. 1%J.

;)M/?I, the tribe almost eEtirpated by civil >ar$ they

kill all the men, married >omen, and >ido>s, taking

siE hundred virgins to repair their tribe, EEi. 1%J.

;))*, ?O/8*)4+ O 8*., >here /gnes 8orel >as buried,

note, Eli. NQ0-NQN.

;)U9)8*8, a kind of asconade, EEEvii. 151.

;)4())+, ;I87O', 1QKS-1J5#, his paradoEical doctrine of

matter, vi. NQ1.

;)4/4D, 8*., 10%1-115#, of :lairvauE, v. 1K$ leader of a

:rusade, EEv. 10%.

;)4II, :7)/I)4, Italian architect, employed and hon-

ored by ouis 6I., EEiii. NS0.

;)4O898, ;. :. #00, the veracious historian and his schol-

arly Hsh, E. 1S5.

;I;), history of the Me>s, EEi. 1%#.

;IO*-;49*)8.

<8ee cruel men a burying place refuse

*o her >hom reece had >orshipped as a muse$

hen living, they adored her po>er divine,

*o her they bo>ed like votaries at a shrine.<

/drienne ecouvreur, EEEvi. JJ.

;IO*-7/*4)D.

<'re&udice and passion blind thee$ I eEcuse

*hy >eakness, but canst thou hate me!<

:asar, EiE. 1#1.

;IO*-8/D)4. <;ut >hat sort of impiety!< <O,

every kind$ ho>ever, >e had best accuse him at once

of not believing in the gods$ thatBs the shortest >ay.<

8ocrates, Evi. N%#.

oltaire IndeE K5

;IO*-T)/.

<isdom must yield to superstitionBs rules,

ho arms >ith bigot Leal the hands of fools.<

a 'ucelle, El. 1%5.

;IO*8, '9'I*)D.

<7e is a >retch indeed >ho still for pelf

Damns others, and >ould almost damn himself.<

)nvy, EEEvi. 1KQ.

;IO4/'7I:/ /::O9* O O*/I4), i. 15.

;I87O' O ;I8:/+, *7), and his heretical ram, iE. N1.

portrait of a prelate in fashionable society, vi. N5N.

arburtonBs contention that Mob did not believe in

immortality, Eiii. NKN$ rise of bishops, EEiv. 1N%.

;I**)48))*. <ove is a passion learned >ith ease.<

'andora, Evii. #00.

;/:( '4I:), )D/4D *7), 1##0-1#JQ, victor at :recy

and 'oitiers, EEv. NKK, EEvi. K, %, II, 1N.

;/(), /D?I4/, 15%K-1Q5J, EEii. K5.

;/( )48II)48, because they are incapable of rhyme,

Eiii. %0.

;/8'7)?+, nature and degrees of, vi. N5S.

;/8'7)?+, 'IO98.

</ man does not so much blaspheme,

Denying od, the &udge supreme,

/s >hen he paints 7im to mankind

/s cruel, and to >rath inclined,

*aking delight in human >oes,

7is creatures treating as 7is foes.<

anaticism, EEEvi. NJ1.

;)7)I?, battle of, EEiii. #0.

;ID /8 M9D)8 O :OO4, *7). 8ee 4O?/:)8.

;ID ;)I).

<?anBs credulous, and by his >avering mind

/ll is received$ it is a clay reHned,

ith ease impressed$ >hat strongest >ill appear

Is dire surprise or uneEpected fear.<

a 'ucellt, El. 1#J.

KQ oltaire IndeE

;ID)D I*)):*.

<+our lo>, grovelling sect

Debases man, unnerves his active soul,

/nd makes it heavy, phlegmatic, and mean.<

?ahomet, Evi. S1.

;ID ?) asking each other >hat light is $ such is our

Fuest after kno>ledge of the soul, Eiii. NQ#.

;I88 I ;4/I)88)88. <or heavenBs sake take

care ho> you recover your senses $ believe me, it >ould

be the >orst thing you ever did in your life.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N#J.

;OOD+ ?/4+, 151Q-155K, EEvii. in$ a baby, born as the

mother >as burning at the stake, >as cast back into

the Aames by order of the :atholic &udge$ hundreds

of 'rotestants sent to the stake, EEvii. 11#.

;OOD 89:()48 $ the legendary vampire survives in city

stock brokers, >ho drain our substance in broad day-

light, and live, not in cemeteries, but in Hne palaces,

Eiv. 1SS.

;9) ;OOD /D 4)D.

<*he blood of beggars and the blood of kings $

/re they not eFual in the sight of heaven!<

Olympia, Ev. 11J.

;O/;DI, nephe> of /bdallah, (ing of ranada, 1S%1,

EEvi. 1JJ$ presented the keys of ranada to erdi-

nand and Isabella, after a siE yearsB struggle, 1JJ.

;O::/::IO, 1#1#-1#J5, EEvi. 51.

;OD+, resurrection of the, a cannibalistic diculty, Eiii. %J.

;OI)/9 O / O*/I), viii. #1S, EEEvi. QQ.

;OD)88. <*he strong and brave

/re born to rule $ the people to obey.

abor and courage conFuer all.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N1J.

;OI;4O(), O4D, 1QJK-1J51, ho> he e@ected the treaty

bet>een Uueen /nne and ouis 6I., vii. 5%$ he

doubted the eEistence of ?oses, Eii. N#$ his doctrine

that <allBs for the best,< K5.

oltaire IndeE KJ

;OD/).

<+our la>s are tyrants, and their barbarous rigor,

Deaf to the voice of merit, to applause,

*o family and fame, thro>s do>n distinction,

*he senate grind you, and the people scorn.<

;rutus, Ev. N5%.

;OI/:) III., 'ope, 1NNK-1#0#, his lavish donations of

(ingdoms and ;ulls, EEiE. NKN.

;OI4), consign eEisting la>s to a, and make ne> ones

that >ill >ork Fuickly, e@ectually, and cheaply, Ei. J%.

;OO(8, >hat >e o>e to the earliest >ritings, vi. NQ5$

perils of >riting and reading, NJ0.

;OO(-4)/DI. </ person may be touched >ith the

shining beauties of a >ork at the Hrst reading, and

after>ards condemn faults that had then escaped his

notice.< Mansenism, EEi. 1Q0.

;O4I/, :)8/4, /rchbishop, 1SJQ-150J, son of 'ope /leE-

ander I., his unsavory reputation, EEvi. N0J$ his

villainies, N1Q.

;O889)*, 1QNJ-1J0S, the only eloFuent man of his order,

Eiv. NN5, EEi. 1K5 $ his style, EEE. %1, EEEvi. Q5,

EEEviii. NJ#.

;O8O4*7, battle of, 1S15, death of 4ichard III., EEvi. NQN.

;O9:7/), :O9* O.

<;y turns a soldier and a saint >as he,

o> all for arms, and no> a devotee,

/nd bathed remorseless in his countryBs blood

*he hand he had devoted to his od.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. 5S.

;O9)48, ?/487/, EEii. N5%.

;O94D/O9), )4), his style, EEE. %0, EEEviii. NJQ.

;O94IO, /*OI)**), a >ealthy fanatic, EEi. 1QN.

;O94I), /;;) D) /, fanatical 7uguenot, encouraged a

revolt in the :evennes after the eEpulsion $ going to

ondon in 1J11, he >as arrested for betraying the

)nglish ministry. /t his eEamination he snatched a

knife and >ounded the ord *reasurer 7arley, and

killed himself in prison, EEi. 1##,

KK oltaire IndeE

;4/7), *+:7O, 15SJ-1Q01, astronomical discoveries, EEviii.

NNQ.

<;4/7?I /D / M)89I*.< 8ee DI/O9)8.

the ood. 8ee 4O?/:)8.

-and the eda, EEiE. 1K0-1%N.

-origin of 'urgatory, Eii. #J.

;4/)4+ O :7/4)8 6II. >hile >ounded, EE. 1J5.

;4)/D *4)) /D :O4, in the 'hilippines and /merica,

vi. NKJ.

;4I;)4+. <*he grand corrupter, gold,

7as bought him to our interest.<

/lsire, Evii. SQ.

;4ID)*, 8*., born in 8>eden, settled in 4ome, her letters

being dictated by an angel, EEv. NSN.

;4II ;/:( *7) D)/D to settle an estate, and letting

him return >ithout o@ering so little as a glass of >ine,

Eiv. 1S%.

;4III)48, ?archioness, 1Q#0-1QJQ, >ho poisoned her

father, t>o brothers and sister, EEiii. 1Q%.

;4O*7)48-I-/. <*he author >ould have us

believe that >e are all brethren, all born eFual and on

a level >ith each other$ but Btis an idle chimera$ I

canBt reconcile myself to his doctrine.<

anine, Eviii. 10S.

;4O*7)47OOD.

<8ons of one od, in these our days of >oe

etBs live like brothers >hile >e d>ell belo>.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #S.

;49:), 4O;)4*, 1NJS-1#N%, (ing of 8cotland, defeats the

)nglish, EEv. NJ%.

;49O, 8*., founder of the :arthusians, note, Eli. N11.

;49*) I?/I/*IO, E. 1QJ.

;9;;)8, O/*I. <omen are strange creatures $

nay, and so are the men too.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1%5.

;9::/))48, demons >ho might have founded a po>er,

Eii. N00.

;9:(I7/?, )O4) II)48, 15%N-1QNK, Duke of, his

oltaire IndeE K%

inAuence over Mames I., his character and intrigues,

EEviii. N55. 8ee 4ichelieu.

;9, 'apal $ the ;ull 9nigcnitus and the Mesuits, vi. #0J.

so called because :harles I. of uEemburg, (ing of

;ohemia, >ho published the <olden ;ull< constitu-

tion in 1#5Q, >ith a bulla, or golden seal, aEed to

it, EEv. N#J.

of 'ope Mulius II., permitting the eating of meat in

ent on payment of fees, EEvi. 1KN.

*he hite. 8ee 4omances.

;9?'*IO98)88 not greatness, iE. 5#.

;9:O, the (ing of, his adoration of the 'ope, EEiE. NK.

;94/4IO98 /4.

<*o leave our bleeding country thus enslaved

;y )uropean robbers, those assassins

ho thirst for blood and gold, these proud usurpers,

ho >ould eEtort by every cruel art

Of punishment those riches >hich >e hold

?ore cheap, more >orthless than themselves,

B*is >orse than death.< X/lLire, Evii. 1K.

;94I/ I :O8):4/*)D 4O9D, the churchBs eEclusion

of actors, EEEvii. NS0.

;98I)88 )**)48 O O*/I4), EEEviii. 1K5.

;98+-;OD+, *7). <et me advise you, madam, to

make use of everything you kno>, and of everything you

do not kno>.< *he 8cotch oman, Eviii. N%.

;98+ O?). <7o> very little >omen kno> of busi-

ness.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1JS.

;9*:7)48 /D 9**O8, vegetarian philosophers can not

prevail against them, Eiv., 1Q0.

;9*:7)4+ O 8)DI87 8)/*O48, bishops and noblemen

at the kingBs banFuet, by order of the (ing and

/rchbishop, authoriLed by the 'opeBs bull, 15N0, EEvii.

JN.

;9**)4I)8. <ive along >ith us >ithout care or solici-

tude, never go too deeply into things, but Aoat upon

the surface.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N50.

%O oltaire IndeE

;9*)4, 8/?9), 1Q1N-1QK0, an estimate of his 7udibras,

Eii. #0%.

;+, /D?I4/, 1J0S-1J5J, his un&ust trial and sentence,

EEE. N0S.

;+8*/D)48. <*hree parts of the >orld are good for

nothing, either knaves or fools, and as for the fourth

they keep to themselves.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. #1.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.



O. I. :ontinued.

;/;) :/)D8.

;/;), three meanings of the >ord, 1K1 $ confusion in the

;iblical tradition, 1KN.

;/::798, resemblance to ?oses, 1%1.

;/:O, 4O)4, 1N1S-1N%N, his scientiHc lore, 1%J.

;/I87?)*, N00.

;/'*I8?, in India, )gypt, and 'alestine, N01 $ of the dead,

N0#$ by dipping, sprinkling, by rose>ater, by sand,

N0S $ the sect of Mohn the ;aptist, N0%.

;/49:7, ;arak and Deborah, her hospitality to 8isera,

N1#.

;/**/IO, revived by ?achiavelli, N15.

;/+), 'I)44), 1QSJ-1J0Q, a defense of, N1J.

;D)I9?, NN0.

;)/4D, fashions in the )ast and est, NN1.

;)/8*8, <od is the soul of the brutes,< and man, NNN.

;)/9*I9, *7), >hy the author does not deHne it, NN5.

;))8, contrasted >ith ourselves, N#0.

;)/4, ?endicant$ pulpit counsel to the, N##.

;)(()4, ;/*7/T/4, 1Q#S-1Q%Q, his <*he orld ;e-

>itched,< N#5 $ >itch-killing in )urope, N#J.

;)I), on believing that >e believe, and the various rea-

sons for it, NSS.

;)*787)?)87, the eEtraordinary tragedy that happened

there, NSJ.

oltaire IndeE %1

;I7/7, ;astards, the la> of inheritance in certain cases,

N51-



;I87O', portrait of a prelate of fashionable society, N5N.

;/8'7)?+, nature and degree of the o@ense, N5S$ its

accidental variations, N5J.

;OD+, ;ishop ;erkeleyBs philosophy sho>n to be para-

doEical, NQ0.

;OO(8, >hat >e o>e to the earliest >ritings, NQ5$ some

perils of bookmaking, NJ0$ and of reading, NJS.

;O94)8, its antiFuity, NJJ.

;4/7?I8, ;rachmans, their gentle religion, NJJ$ their

doctrine of metempsychosis, NK1 $ self-burning of

their men and >omen, NK#.

;4)/D-*4)), and corn as food in the 'hilippines and

/merica, NKJ.

;9OO)4+, ;urlesFue, o> :omedy, in ;utlerBs 7udi-

bras, arthBs Dispensary, 'riorBs /lma, and in ?o-

liere, 8carron, a ontaine and ontenelle, NKK.

;9/4I/8, a troublesome people, N%S.



;9, the animal, and the 'apal decree, N%J$ various

claims asserted by the 'opes, N%K$ ;ull of the :ru-

sade, #05$ ;ull 9nigenitus, #0J$ story of the Fuarrel

bet>een the Mesuits and 'ort 4oyal, #0J.


:/)8/4 /D /)6/D)4, their ages and career, EEi. N51.

:/)8/4B8 ))4O8I*+ I*7 '9;I: 9D8, Eiii., 1S5.

://?I*I)8 4O 4O? //*I:I8?, /D I* ;+ 89')4-

8*I*IO, Eiv. ##.

://8 /D 8I4). /n address to the public upon the

parricides imputed to them, EEEvii. NS5. C8ee also

*O)4/*IO, iv. 11K.

:/I, 150%-15QS, /D 8)4)*98, EEvii, KQ, story of the

scholarly good man, and the diabolical-minded re-

ligionist, >ho sent 8ervetus to the stake, to the greater



%N oltaire IndeE

glory of his alleged god. :alvinBs self-convicting

letter, K%$ Eiii., 1%K.

then caused 8ervetus to be baked to death, vi. NK.

roasted 8ervetus the heretic on a slo> Hre of green

fagots, Eiv. 1N%.

:/II8? $ persecution created by dogmatism, EEi. 10J $

ho> the churches proHted by mutual >ars for plunder,

10%$ 'rotestanism stamped out >hen practicable, no$

7uguenots only a t>elfth part of the rench nation,

in$ >hen secular governments >ere strong, the

church behaved itself, but broke into violence >hen

the civil po>er gre> >eak, in$ 7enry I. grants

the )dict of antes in 15%K, tolerating :alvinism,

11N$ ouis 6I. sanctions attempts to make children

and others renounce their :alvinism, 1N# $ the 7ugue-

nots rose against these proselytiLing measures, they

>ere remorsely crushed out, and the grandson of the

minister >ho had dra>n up the )dict of antes

>as broken on the >heel, 1NS$ ouis 6I. sent



dragoons into 'rotestant districts to force the people

to become :atholics, 1NJ $ revocation of the )dict of

antes in 1QK5, 1NJ$ all ministers >ho refused to re-

nounce 'rotestantism had to leave the country >ithin

Hfteen days $ Hfty thousand families left rance in

three years, planting in )ngland and other lands

industries and arts >hich greatly in&ured rance, 1N%$

ministers >ho returned >ere martyred, 1#N $ rise of

fanatical sects, attacked and put to torture deaths

by troops, they retaliated in like manner >hen they

caught any soldiers, 1#S$ an amnesty o@ered by ?ar-

shal illars$ their leader, :avalier, description of by

oltaire >ho kne> him, 1#5$ conspiracies suppressed

by force, 1#K$ the main hope for religious and civil

peace lies in the spread of reason and toleration, 1#%.

:/II8? I ))/, EEvii. K1, musical instruments

abolished for t>o hundred years, KS$ EEE. #0N. C8ee

O'*I?I8?, 4)) I, I;)4*+.

oltaire IndeE %#

:/II8?.

<8ervetus, born in torments to eEpire,

;y :alvinBs self >as sentenced to the Hre.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi., #N.

:/II8*, *O *7) 8O94.

< If, then, you needs must be damnation speed,

;e damned for pleasure, Btis the >isest deed.<

a 'ucellc, El., 1%Q.

<:andide,< or, the Optimist$ i. 5%-N0%.

:/I/:, ?/4U9I8 D), EEiii. N0N.

:/I;/I8? / ?/**)4 O */8*), vii. 5$ at the siege of

8amaria, II. ;ook of (ings, vii. II.

:/O / :O:)4I I?'O*):), E. 1KN $ the gospels on

divorce, 1K# $ no ?osaic reference to it, 1K# $ the cases

of 7enry I. of 8pain, /lfonLo of 'ortugal, and

the ?arFuis de angeais, 1KS.

:/O /, must be sub&ect to civil la>, Eiii. 11S.

:/*)?I4, '4I:), of ?oldavia, by treachery to the *urks,

helps :harles 6II. to rout the :Lar, EE., NN0.

:/*I:)8 O 8OO?O, the only book of love from a

7ebre> source, simple and beautiful but <rather

strong as an allegory< of :hrist and his :hurch,

Eiii. NSJ.

:/9*) O D)?/4(, d. 10#Q, called the reat, his great-

est acts being cruelties, EEiv., NJ0.

:/')*, 797, d. %%Q, and feudal rance, EEiv. NS0$ la>s

and customs, armor in battle, NS#$ eight centuries of

:apet rule, NS5.

:/'9:7I ?O(8, *7), and the )mpress :atherine II.,

Eii., NJ#.

:/4DI/, the stu@ that makes a :ardinal, Eiv. %#.

:/4DI/ I4*9)8, fortitude, prudence, temperance, and

&ustice$ the last is the >hole, if it includes beneH-

cence, the others are but useful Fualities, Eiv. 1Q1.

:/4*)4)* O4D, 1Q%0-1JQ#, his >arlike policy$ an )nglish

army marches into landers, EEEiii, KN.

:/8/9;O, I8//:, on 'eterBs treatment of /nanias !nd

8apphira, Eii. 15%.

%S oltaire IndeE

:/89I8*, *7).

< ever did fair appearance gild so >ell

*he specious covering of a happy falsehood.

ith >hat deEterity I played on him,

/nd blended truth >ith artiHce.<

?ariamne Evi. NSJ.

:/89I8*4+. <hat after all is truth! a conformity

>ith our o>n ideas$ >hat one says is al>ays con-

formable to the idea one has >hilst one is talking,

therefore, properly speaking, there is no such thing as

a lie.< <+ou seem to be an eEcellent logician.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. N% $ note, El. 1%0.

:/*7)4I), >ife of 'eter the reat$ her lo>ly origin and

adventures, EE. NNN.

:/*7)4I) II., )?'4)88, letter to oltaire, on monkish

intolerance, Eii. NJ#.

:/*7)4I) O 8I)/, >ho received, in the fourteenth cen-

tury, a ring and a diamond from Mesus to ratify their

nuptials. 'eter of :apua sa> this saint <transformed

one day into the Hgure of a man, >ith a little beard

upon his chin, and this Hgure >as eEactly that of

Mesus.< eneral 7istory, EEv. NSN.

:/9*IO. <8he seems a most amiable girl, but in this

>orld one should s>ear to nothing.<

anine, Eviii. 1S0.

://I)4, eEtraordinary leader of 7uguenot fanatics, his

character and methods pictured by oltaire, >ho

kne> him, EEi. 1#5 $ a bakerBs boy able to negotiate

a peace >ith ouis 6I. and accept a high salaried

colonelcy, 1#J.

:)I;/:+ O :)4+, vii. 1%K.

:)898, by ?oses, Eii. QS$ his people punished because

David counted them, Q5.

:)*/948 /D ?O8*)48 seen by Merome and /ugustine,

Ei. 1J5-

:)4;)498, the three-headed >atch-dog of hell, E. NN.

:)4)?OI)8, curious observances, their causes and e@ects,

vii. N0J.

oltaire IndeE %5

:)4)?OI)8, of the Mesuits and :hinese, EEE. 11K-N%#.

:7/I O ))*8, great e@ects of small causes, vii. 5K.

:7/D)/ /8*4OO?+ O4*7+ O 4)8'):*, E. 1J.

:7/:).

<7eBs *urk or Me>, 'agan, or :hild of race,

ayman or monk, according to his race.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. N%.

:7/)8 I *7) O;), EEiE., 1QQ.

:7/')/I, M)/, his <?aid of Orleans,< EEEviii. NJK.

a serious poem, note El. 50.

:7/'')), EEEvi. Q0-NJ%.

:7/4/:*)4 /D :I4:9?8*/:)8.

as born ambitious, Herce of soul,

+et brave and virtuous but >e all must yield

*o our condition.< :aesar, EiE. 101.

:7/4)?/) / )4?/, iE. 11Q.

JSN-K1S, son of 'epin, the greatest >arrior of his

time, >aged a thirty yearsB >ar against the 8aEons

before they >ere subdued, EEiv. %J$ his career, %K$

conHnes royal foes in cloisters, 10#$ assumes the iron

cro>n of 'avia, 10# $ proclaimed emperor of the est

during service on :hristmas day in 4ome, the year

K00, by eo III., 105$ his gift of territory to 8t.

'eterBs successors, 105$ his inhuman >ife, Irene, 10J$

his pomp and state, 10K$ his contemporary, 7aroun-

al-4aschid, surpassed him in &ustice, science, and hu-

manity, no.

EEiE. N1K-NNS$ religion in his time, NNS-NNK.

</nnals of the )mpire,< in three volumes, EEEi.-EEEii.-

EEEiii., /. D. JSN-1Q%%$ :harlemagne called to the

)mpire, EEEi. 1S$ born a erman in JSN$ does hom-

age to the 'ope, 1J$ causes himself to be cro>ned

(ing of /ustrasia, NN$ cro>ned (ing of Italy, in

'avia, N5$ conFuests and massacres, NK$ la>s and

customs in his reign, #1 $ the church under his rule,

#S$ prices for the right to commit crimes, #%.

%Q oltaire IndeE

*7) )?')4O48, 7O8) :/4))48 /4) 'I:-

*94)D I *7) <//8.<

:harlemagne, Hrst emperor, EEEi. 1S$ ouis le

Debonnaire, second emperor, 50$ otharius, third, QN$

ouis II., fourth, QK$ :harles the ;ald, Hfth, JS$

ouis III., the 8tammerer, siEth, JJ$ :harles III., the

at, seventh, JK$ /rnold, eighth, KK$ ouis I., ninth,

%1 $ :onrad I., tenth, %1 $ 7enry the o>ler, eleventh,



%#$ Otho the reat, t>elfth, %Q-111$ Otho II., thir-

teenth, in$ Otho III., fourteenth, 11Q$ 7enry II,

Hfteenth, 1NN$ :onrad II., siEteenth, 1#1$ 7enry III.,

seventeenth, 1#5$ 7enry I., eighteenth, 1S0$ Psee

regory II., 'opeR 7enry goes to :anossa, 1SK$

7enry ., nineteenth, 1Q0$ otharius II., t>entieth,

1Q%$ :onrad III., t>enty-Hrst, 1JN$ rederick I., ;ar-

barossa, t>enty-second$ 1JJ-N0Q$ 7enry I., t>enty-

third, N0J$ 'hilip I., t>enty-fourth, N15$ Otho I.,

t>enty-Hfth, NN0$ rederick II., t>enty-siEth, NNJ-

N51 $ :onrad I., t>enty-seventh, N51 $ 4udolph I., of

7apsburg, Hrst )mperor of the house of /ustria,

t>enty-eighth )mperor, NQJ-NK1 $ /dolphus of as-

sau, t>enty-ninth, NK1 $ /lbert I. of /ustria, thir-

tieth, NK5 $ 7enry II. of uEemburg, thirty-Hrst, N%#.

ouis . of ;avaria, thirty-second )mperor, EEEii.

5-##$ :harles I., thirty-third, ##-Q0$ enceslaus,

thirty-fourth, Q0$ rederick of ;runs>ick, thirty-Hfth,

assassinated before his coronation, Q%$ 4obert, :ount

'alatine of the 4hine, thirty-siEth, Q%$ Moshua, thirty-

seventh, JJ$ 8igismund, (ing of ;ohemia, 7ungary,

and ;randenburg, JJ-%5$ /lbert II., of /ustria, thirty-

eighth, %Q$ rederick III. of /ustria, thirty-ninth,

100-1NJ$ ?aEimilian, fortieth, 1NJ-15%$ :harles .,

forty-Hrst, 15%-NS5$ ?aEimilian II., forty-third, N5N$



4udolph II., forty-fourth, NQ#-NKJ$ ?atthias, forty-

Hfth, NKK$ erdinand II., forty-siEth, N%5, continued

in EEEiii. N5%-NJS$ erdinand III., forty-seventh,

EEEiii. NJS$ the 'eace of estphalia, NK%$ description

oltaire IndeE %J

of ermany from the 'eace to the death of erdi-

nand III., N%Q$ eopold, 1QS0-1J05, forty-eighth, #00$

7ungary and the *urks, #0S $ siege of ienna, its con-

seFuences, #0Q.

:7/4)8 I. O )/D, 1Q00-1QS%, EEviii. N5K$ troubles

>ith parliament, N5% $ impeachment of ;uckingham $

church strifes, NQN$ 4ichelieuBs mischievous inAuence,

NQ# $ the 8cots take up arms, NQ5 $ the 8tar :hamber,

NQQ$ the (ingBs rash treatment of 'arliament, his

disloyalty to 8tra@ord, NQJ$ massacre of 'rotestants

by the Irish :atholics, 1QS1, NQK$ the protesting bish-

ops sent to the *o>er, NJ0$ the (ing invades the

7ouse of :ommons to impeach Hve members for trea-



son, after>ards >ithdra>ing the step, NJ1$ the civil

>ar, NJN$ :harlesBs >ife, 7enrietta, daughter of

7enry I. of rance, sells her &e>els to aid him$

battles of the campaign, NJ# $ the 8olemn eague and

:ovenant of 8cotch and )nglish 'uritans, NJ5$ /rch-

bishop aud beheaded, NJJ $ :rom>ell routs the (ingBs

army at aseby, 1QS5, NK1 $ :harles is impeached and

beheaded, 1QS%.

his fanatical murder, Eiii. 1%1$ EEEiE. in. C8ee

:4O?).

:7/4)8 II. O )/D, 1Q#0-1QK5, a refugee in rance,

EEii. K0 $ restoration to the throne, 1QQ0, EEiE. 5 $

the bones of :rom>ell hung in chains, K$ the 4oyal

8ociety for the advancement of science founded, 1QQ1,

%$ plague of ondon, 1QQ5$ the great Hre, 1QQQ, II $

rench gayety at :ourt, 1N $ 'arliament dissolved for

trying to eEclude Mames from the succession, 1#$

:harles a pensioner of ouis 6I. $ encouragement

of commerce, 15$ EEEiE. 11S.

:7/4)8 8*9/4*, 'retender to the )nglish :ro>n, EEEiii.

150. ouis 6. supports his claim, sends a Aeet to

&oin >ith one from 8pain, 15N$ the Dutch side >ith



)ngland, 15#$ the battle of *oulon, a Herce but inde-

cisive Hght, 15K.

%K oltaire IndeE

:7/4)8 ?/4*), QK%-JS1, 8t. )ucherBs dream about, v. 1K.

:7/4)8 *7) ;/D, KN#-KJJ, opposes his brother othar-

ius, EEiv. 15J$ the empire laid >aste in KS1, 15K$ he

died a fool, in a monastery, after having lived a ty-

rant, 1Q1.

:7/4)8 *7) /*, )mperor of rance, KKJ$ dethroned as

incapable, EEiv. 1Q5$ EEvi. 1Q1.

:7/4)8 . *7) I8), O 4/:), 1##J-1#K0, a poisoner,

viii. NKQ.

:7/4)8 *7) ?/D, 1##N-1#KJ, EEiv. NNN.

:7/4)8 I. *7) 8I+, O 4/:), 1#QK-1SNN, death of,

and conseFuences, EEE. 1Q1.

:7/4)8 II., 1S0#-1SQ1, and Moan of /rc, EEvi. #N. 8ee



MO/ and O4)/8, note El. 51, Q1.

:7/4)8 *7) 4/87, 1S##-1SJJ, of ;urgundy, EEvi. 1S%.

:7/4)8 . )mperor, 1500-155K, EEvii. 5$ rival of rancis

I., made /drian 'ope, stirred 7enry III. against

rance, defeats rancis at 'avia, 15S5, imprisons him

in ?adrid, cripples his po>er in the treaty of :am-

bray, NJ$ receives the imperial cro>n from the 'ope,

>hose master he >as, NK$ drove the *urks out of

7ungary, liberated 1K,000 :hristian captives at *unis,

15#5. aspired to universal monarchy, S# $ Hnds ene-

mies leagued against him, SS $ fails to take ?etL, S5 $

resigns his cro>ns at Hfty-four, undeceived in every-

thing, after having attempted everything, SQ$ his re-

lations >ith the :ouncil of *rent, EEi. QK$ note Eli.

IOO.

:7/4)8 I6. O 4/:), 1550-15JS, a blood-thirsty ty-

rant, EEviii., 5%$ gloated over the body of the mur-

dered :oligny, QN$ his eEtraordinary death at NS, QQ$

as a poet, vii. JJ.

:7/4)8 ;O44O?)O, 8*., 15#K-15KS, his >ork as reformer,

EEiE. NS.

:7/4)8 II. O 8'/I, 1QQ1-1J00, ho> his testament af-

fected the state of )urope, EEii. NJK.

:7/4)8 I., )mperor 1QK5-1JS0, EEEiii. NN-##$ death of,

#J$ the succession disputed, #%.

oltaire IndeE %%

:7/4)8 /;)4*, )):*O4, O ;//4I/, 1Q%J-1JS5, victories

and defeats of, EEE. 1J0-1K5.

:harles 6II. of 8>eden, 7istory of, EE.-EEi. $ born NJ

Mune, 1QKN, <the most eEtraordinary man, perhaps, that

ever appeared in the >orld,< EE. 1%$ character as a

boy $ succeeded to throne, 1Q%J $ his three enemies,

rederic I. of Denmark, /ugustus of 8aEony and

'oland, and 'eter the reat, NQ$ the 7olstein >ars,

NJ $ sudden development of his manhood, SS $ under-

takes a >ar against his three foes, SK$ courage in the

Held, 50$ his rigid discipline, 5N$ Hnished the Danish

>ar in siE >eeks, 5# $ defeating eighty thousand 4us-

sians >ith eight thousand 8>edes, 5J $ victory at arva,

thirty thousand 4ussians surrendered to seven thou-



sand 8>edes, Q1 $ description of 'oland, its government

and social system, Q% $ >ars, intrigues, and do>nfall of

the (ing before :harles 6II., %0$ eEaction of a hun-

dred thousand cro>ns from DantLic, %K$ :harles 6II.,

aged t>enty-t>o, o@ered the :ro>n of 'oland to

/leEander, 101 $ 8tanislaus ecLinski elected (ing of

'oland, 10N$ :harles takes the 4ussian to>n of eo-

pold, 105.

arsa> taken by /ugustus, 10J$ :harles forbids

ecclesiastics to interfere in a@airs of state, 11#$

consecration of 8tanislaus and his >ife as (ing

and Uueen, 11S$ 'eter the reat takes arva by

siege and assault, 1J0S, during the absence of :harles,

115$ 8>edish army s>am across rivers, 1N0$ massa-

cred the defeated 4ussian soldiers, 1NN$ reFuisitions

on 8aEony, 1N#$ severe discipline of :harlesB troops,

1NS $ /ugustus sues for peace, 1N5 $ >ins a losing vic-

tory, 1NK$ :harles in Hghting costume, 1N%$ :harles

causes 'atkul, ambassador and general of 'eter the

reat, to be tortured to death, 1#N$ 'eter re-enters

'oland >ith siEty thousand men, 1#5 $ 8>edish troops

pursue the 4ussians, 1#J$ amusing anecdote of the

Duke of ?arlborough and :ount 'iper of 8>eden,

1S0$ :harles bitter against 'eter, 1SN$ humiliates the



loo oltaire IndeE

)mperor of ermany, 1S#$ ho> :harles spent each

day, 1SQ$ is nearly trapped in Dresden, 1SK$ Fuits

8aEony in pursuit of 'eter, >ith an army of S#,000

men, >ell eFuipped >ith money and armor, 1S%$

friendly overtures by the *urks, 150$ the :Lar Aies

at the approach of :harles >ith siE hundred men,

151 $ an arduous chase, splendid feats of his army,

15S$ :harles eEpects to receive 'eterBs surrender at

?osco>, 155$ march through the :ossack country,

15K$ the strange story of ?aLeppa and his horseback

ride, 15%.

:harles gets into diculties, 1QN$ is defeated at

esno, 1QS$ terrible su@erings of the 8>edes in

the >inter of 1J0%, 1Q5 $ only eighteen thousand

soldiers remaining, 1QJ$ the Taporavian freebooters

and their strange customs, 1QK$ :harles lays siege

to 'oltava >ith a ragged army of #0,000, 1Q%$

'rince ?enLiko@ is reinforced by the :Lar >ith

J0,000 men, 1Q%$ :harles has his heel crushed by a

shot, but stayed siE hours in the saddle, until pain

caused him to give up $ he held his leg >hile the



surgeon operated, 1J0$ ordered another assault for

the morro> $ after nine years of victories, :harles

>as defeated at 'oltava by 'eter the reat, Muly K,

1J0%$ description of the battle, 1J#$ the horses that

bore the litter in >hich :harles lay >ere killed early

in the morning$ he ordered another pair, >hen a

second cannon shot broke the litter to pieces, overturn-

ing the (ing, and t>enty of his t>enty-four body

guards >ere killed, 1JS$ :harles decides to seek shel-

ter >ith the *urks, 1JK$ capitulation of the 8>edes,

1K1 $ 'eter sends his prisoners to 8iberia, 1KN.

:harles has lost the fruits of a hundred battles

and nine years of conFuest, 1KS$ :harles the guest

of the *urks at ;ender, >here he and his large

retinue are entertained like conFuerors, 1KQ$ :harles

received Hve hundred cro>ns a day from the *urkish

)mperor, besides entertainment for his eighteen hun-

oltaire IndeE 101

dred follo>ers$ advised by 'oniato>ski he enters on

intrigues, hoping to induce the *urks to &oin him

against the :Lar, 1%1 $ cross purposes bet>een host and



guest, 1%5$ :harles ignores hints suggesting that he

should depart to his o>n country, N00$ events in 'o-

land$ all the dominions of :harles no> invaded by

'eter, N0N$ ouis 6I. friendly to>ards 4ussia, N0#$

the treaty of *he 7ague, 1J0%, N0S$ triumphant entry

of 'eter the reat into ?osco>, 1J10, >ith trophies

of his victories over :harles, N0Q$ 8>eden had lost

Fuarter of a million men in the >ars, yet they >on

a victory over the Danes at this time, N0%$ curious

system of choosing iLiers, their rise and fall by

seraglio intrigues, N11 $ 'rince :antemir of ?oldavia

aids :harles by treachery to>ards their *urkish bene-

factor, and they inAict a defeat on the :Lar near

the 'ruth, NN1.

'eter the reat falls in love >ith :atherine, an illit-

erate but remarkably able young >oman, NN# $ her inAu-

ence in securing good terms for the :Lar, NNJ$

fury of :harles, >ho arrived too late to impose

his harsh intentions, NNK$ continued intrigues$ the

*urks fail to coerce :harles into >ithdra>al, he makes

his house a fort, and >hen he is about to be e&ected by

an army, he and his forty henchmen defend them-

selves and kill a number of their assailants before Hre

destroys the house$ :harles is at last captured and

made a prisoner, after having received incredibly



generous treatment, besides vast sums of money,

from the hospitable *urks, NQS. 'rogress of intrigues,

Fuarrels and revolutions in the seraglio, NQJ$ 'oland

in further trouble, NQ% $ :harles conHned at Demirtash,

NJ%$ cruel destruction of the to>n of /ltena by the

8>edes under eneral 8tenbock, NKS$ pitiful fate of

the populace, their to>n burnt, and their >omen

and children forced to perish in the sno> at mid-

night of Manuary %, 1J1#, NKS$ :harles at last leaves

the dominion of the *urks, escorted in royal style,

ION oltaire IndeE

after en&oying Hve years sanctuary, >ith honors

>orthy of a victorious rather than a broken monarch,

N%0$ :harles arrives at 8tralsund, ovember N1, 1J1S,

after siEteen daysB travel >ithout sleep on a bed, N%5 $

state of )urope since :harles had left 8>eden$ splen-

did career of 'eter the reat and gro>th of his em-

pire, #00.

O. 66I.

?isfortune follo>s :harles 6II.$ ismar be-

seiged by erman and Danish troops, >hile #Q,000



8aEons and Danes march upon 8tralsund, and the

:Lar >as threatening an invasion of 8>eden, EEi., 5 $

:harlesB uphill Hght on the isle of 4iigen, 1N$ he is

>ounded, and for the second time is saved by

'oniato>ski, 1S$ besieged in 8tralsund, :harles

>orks hard and is undismayed under Hre, 1Q$ he es-

capes at midnight, December N0, 1J15, in a small

boat >ith ten follo>ers, 1K$ he raised another army

and Aeet, and instead of defending his o>n country,

he invaded or>ay >ith N0,000 men, N1 $ Mealousies

among the enemies of :harles, N# $ his counsellor,

oetL, advises him to purchase a peace from the :Lar,

NS $ >hose adviser and 'rince ?enLiko@ persuade the

:Lar, >ho agrees, NQ$ the :orsairs of ?adagascar

o@er their Aeet to :harles, and :ardinal /lberoni, of

8pain, pledged his aid, NK $ intrigues and alliances, #1 $

oetL and the 8>edish /mbassador arrested in 7ol-

land and ondon, spoiling the grand scheme, ##. *he

:Lar makes friendly overtures to rance during his

visit to 'aris in 1J1J, #S$ the 8>edish envoys released,

>hereupon oetL successfully appeals to the :LarBs

ambition, #J$ his scheme for magnifying the currency,

#%$ incurs popular hatred but is trusted by the (ing,

S0$ :harles starts an eEpedition to or>ay in Octo-

ber, 1J1K, S#$ the >inter siege of rederikshall, SS$

:harles sho>s his mettle by neither eating nor drink-



ing for Hve days, SS$ >hile >atching the making of

trenches :harles is instantly killed by a half-pound

oltaire IndeE 10#

grapeshot, >hich struck him on the right temple, SQ$

:harles had eEperienced all the grandeur of prosperity

and all the hardships of adversity, >ithout being soft-

ened by the one, or the least disturbed by the other,

SJ. 7is character, his evil inAuence on his country$

an eEtraordinary rather than a great man. 'ersonal

characteristics, religion, SK. oetL beheaded, by de-

cree of the 8enate of 8tockholm, 5N.

etter of oltaire to ?arshal 8chuelenburg, dated

1JS0, upon matters concerning :harles 6II., 5#.

etter of oltaire to ?. orberg, :haplain to

:harles 6II., on his inaccurate ife of the (ing, 5%.

:7/4)8 98*/98 6., O 8)D), EE. 1K$ EEEvii. NJJ.

8ee 98*/98 /8/, 98*/98 /DO'798, ')*)4 *7)

4)/*.

:7/4*)4 O I;)4*+. <*he true charter of liberty

is independence, maintained by force.< Eiv. 155.

:7/4*I)4, //I, 1#%0-1S5K$ the Hrst melodious poet of

rance. ote, El. 5S.

:7/4*4)96 ?O(8 may not eat half an ounce of mutton,

but may devour the entire fortune of a family, Eiii. NNN.

:7/8*I*+, o>s O, vii. 1%K.

:7/8*I8)?)*. . < hateBer the gods

7ave done but Hlls my soul >ith sad dismay.<

8emiramis, Evii. N1%.

:7/9I)9, /;;), EEEvi. 5%, NJ%.

:7):()4)D.

< Oft man from good to hated evil Aies,

one in all moments virtuous are or >ise.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #0.



:7))(, a medium for acFuiring the gift of prophecy,

Eiii. 1%.

:7)8*)4I)D, O4D, 1Q%S-1JJ#, on the manners of the gods,

v. 1J5-

:7)/I)4 D) ;/44), tortured to death for singing impious

songs, in the eighteenth century, Eiv. 11%.

:7II, :/4DI/, sent to o@er the 'opeBs apologies to

ouis 6I., EEii. 11#$ EEiii. 1S0.

IOS oltaire IndeE

:7ID4) are not made by a stroke of the pen, not even

the early children of Israel, Eii. #1.

:7I')4I:, (I O 8OI88O8, EEiv. 11#, 1%%$ d. SK1.

:7I/, its religion, toleration, civiliLation, vii. J%$ its early

civiliLation, EEiv. 1%$ in the seventeenth century, EEiE.

1SS, 1QK.

:7I)8) have an ample allo>ance of good sense and a

very small one of industry, Eiv. K#.

B :eremonies, EEE. 11K$ ho> they >orried the 'opes,

1NS.

:7I/4+, deHnition of, EEvi. 1#Q$ rites on admission to

the knightly order, 15J $ three centuries of chivalry $

the Orders of the arter, the olden leece, of 8t.

?ichael and 8t. eorge, the *emplars, (nights of

?alta, the *eutonic Order, 15%$ decline of, #1N.

:74I8* poor, the 'ope rich, poverty a virtue, Eiii. S%$ the

forged passage in Mosephus, vii. 10Q$ the acrostic, and

alleged letter of, in$ his infancy, 11N.

:74I8*I/ :794:7, its early history not to be studied

critically, but >ith humble faith, vii. 1#0$ <od 7im-

self came do>n from heaven and died to redeem man-

kind and eEtirpate sin forever from the face of the

earth$ and yet 7e left the greater part of mankind a

prey to error, crime, and to the devil. *his, to our

>eak intellects, appears a fatal contradiction,< 105.

:74I8*I/ II., or D)?/4(, 1SK1-155%, a monster of vice,

EE. 1S.

:74I8*I/I*+ >as born in an age >hen magic Vvas

a potent force, E&ii. KN,

s

hich old erestan many a time hath told me

ould >ipe o@ every tear, and make mankind

One s>eet united family of love.

/ :hristian must be happy.< Taire, EiE. NK.

:74I8*I/, U9)) O 8)D), 1QNQ-1QK%, gave up her

throne to cultivate the arts, EE. 1J. 7er eEtraor-

dinary character and talents $ reasons for resigning

her cro>n, EEii. K%.

oltaire IndeE 105

:74I8*?/8, conAicting dates of, vii. 1N0$ festival of the

ne> birth of the sun celebrated on Dec. N5, EEii. 1NN.

:74OI:)8 of the Me>ish (ings, E. %#.

:74OOO+, as reformed by e>ton, )ssays, EEEvii. 1JJ.



:794:7, its rise, its claims, its turbulent career, vii. 1#0$

ho> it took revenge on its former enemies, 15N$ its

losses and conFuests, 15# $ its la>s not binding on the

citiLen, Eiii. 11Q.

the, during the eighth and ninth centuries, EEiv. 1%J $

>holesale eEcommunications for unsanctioned royal

marriages, N0N$ schisms and heresies, N0S.

:ouncils, their Fuality, and settlement of pious di-

culties, vii. 11Q, 1J0.

of )ngland, vii. 1JK. 8ee )/D.

estivals. / festival of ools, >ho >ere made bish-

ops, and an ass, in cape and biretta, >as marched into

church. or over seven centuries these customs >ere

kept up, >ith feasting on the altars and playing le>d

farces. *he 4oman church forbade these, EEiv. N%%.

and 8tate antagonism in rance, 1J50, EEE. N11.

property, vii. 1K0$ >herever it gro>s rich the country

gro>s poor, Eiii. K.

:I:)4O, ;. :. 10Q-S#, his life and career, vii. 1KS.

:I?/;9), iotto, ;runelleschi, uido, EEvi. 5#.

:I4:9?:I8IO, vii. 1%1.

:I4:9?8'):*IO. oman of virtue, or she >ould not lodge >ith you.<


:I*I)8, reat, of :hina, EEiv. N# $ and boroughs in )urope

in the t>elfth century, EEv. SJ.

:II: 7OO4.

< In our corrupted days it is not name,

Or family, that 4ome has need of$ no,

B*is virtue.< :atiline, Evii. N#5.

:^I4/96 /;;)+, its great >ine barrel, note, El. 1Q0.

:/4(), 8/?9), the /rian, viii. NJ5.

:/88I:/ versus modern poetry, )ssays, EEEvii. 10J.

:)?)* II, 'O'), d. 15#S, vii. 1NS.

ioQ oltaire IndeE

:)?)* III., 'O'), 15#Q-1Q05, his pretensions, Eii. N%5.

:)4+ against seculars in rance, 1J50, EEE. N11.

<:)4+?/ /D 7is 8O9, *7).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

<:I)* /D /+)4.< 8ee DI/O9)8.

:I?/*), its inAuence on mental activity, vii. N0#.

:O9D-:7/4IO*8 of the gods, E. 1J.

:O9D)88. <One may safely tell her age$ she is &ust

eighteen.< *he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 5K.

:9?8I)88 of the rench language, EEEvii. #J, 100, 105.

:OI8 *7) 4)/*, SQ5-511, his failing for assassination,

EEiv. 11#$ note, El. 1K%.

:ODO?I4, of rance, EEiv. 11#.

:O*7 /4I98, S%J-5Q1, (ing of rance, EEiv. 11#.

:ODO/DO, >ho became 8t. :loud, EEiv. 11#.

:O)94 D) IO, 4I:7/4D, (ing of )ngland, treacherously

captured, 11%0, and sold as a slave, EEv. S1$ his atro-

cious revenges, SN$ succeeds 7enry II., 5S$ see :49-

8/D)8.

:O;)4*, 1Q1%-1Q##, the founder of rench commerce, em-

ployed useful 7uguenots, EEi. 11%$ he used >ise dis-

crimination in protecting sectaries >hose rights he,

and up to a point, ouis 6I., had ackno>ledged,

1N0$ his >ise administration of the Hnances, EEii. 11S$

7ainaultBs libellous sonnet, EEiii. 1NS, 1NQ, NQ1 $ :ol-

bert and ouFuet, EEE. N%K $ EEEvi. %N $ EEEviii. 10K.

:OD 87O9D)4. <*he >orld is very indi@erent

about the poor and unfortunate.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 1%.

:OI+, /D?I4/, 151J-15JN, the most resourceful man

of the age, EEviii. 5Q $ his noble character, EEEviii. NK $

assassinated in the ;artholome> ?assacre, #N.

:O)) O I8DO?, a satire on the 8orbonne, EEEvii. 1%1.

:O9?;98, :74I8*O'7)4. 8ee /?)4I:/.

:O9?;98, the malady he brought from /merica, Eiv. N1Q.

:O?)D+, art of, EEE. 10%$ )nglish, EEEiE, SS.

:O?)D+, I)B8. <8heBs a peevish, impertinent, proud,

opinionated creature and one >ho never had the least

regard for me, and said < >as a babbler.<

aninc, Eviii. 1#S.

oltaire IndeE 10J

:O?)D+ /D *4/)D+, EEEiE. 1NN-1JS$ EEEvii. 115.

<:O?O4*)48, *7) *>o.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

:O??)4:), the cause of )nglandBs po>er, vii. N1N.

not ecclesiasticism, makes nations great, Eiii. %.

and uEury. )ssays, EEEvii. N11.

:O??)4:).

<*hat minister, C:olbert as >ise as great

;y luEury enriched the state,

7e the great source of arts increased

rom orth to 8outh, from est to )ast.<

*he ?an of the orld, EEEvi. 1J#.

:O??O 8)8), >eakened by faith and fear, vii. N1S.

:O??9IO, )ucharist$ ho> it has varied through the

centuries, EEiv. 1#S.

:O??9IO, 7I7.

<*he mind let loose from its corporeal chains,

/ conversation >ith its od maintains.<

*houghts on e>ton, EEEvi. JQ.

:O?'/IO87I'.

<*he only solid bliss that mortals kno>

8prings from the tender sympathy of hearts,

rom the blest transports friendshipBs force imparts.<

*o rederic the reat, EEEvi. N5#.

:O?'/+ I 8O44O.

<It pours some &oy into the bitter cup

Of sorro>, thus to miE my tears >ith thine.<

Orestes, Evii. J1.

:O?')8/*IO.

<7e has virtues that >ill recompense

7is >orst of faults.< /melia, Evi. go.

:O?'4O?I8).

<?arriage is the greatest good, or the greatest evil$

*here is no such thing as a medium in it.<

*he 'rodigal, EiE. 1Q1.

:O?4/D)87I'.

< hat soldier, >ho eBer held his honor dear

ould >ish for freedom >hilst his chief remains

In slavery!< Taire, EiE. #J.

ioK oltaire IndeE

:O?98, note, Eli. 1N#.

:O:)I*. <O uneEpected happiness my lover is >orthy

of me< *he 8cotch oman, Eviii. KK.

<:O:)I), if you can, a stick >ithout t>o ends $ in-

Hnite po>er can make one, though inHnite >isdom

does not,< E. 1%%.

<:O:)88IO8 of privileges are but titles of servitude,<

Eiv. 155.

:OD), ouis of ;ourbon, Duke dB)nghien, after>ards

the reat :onde$ 1QN1-1QKQ$ <most great generals

have become so by degrees, but this prince >as born

a general.< -X/ge of ouis 6I., EEii. #K.

abandoned by his partisans, J# $ a great march, K5,

1J%, 1KK$ 'rince of, death, EEiii. 1K0$ EEEviii. NJ,

no$ note El. 11J.

:OD9:*. <O my daughter,

et virtue guide thy steps in dutyBs path

/nd lead thee on to bliss.< /lLire, Evii. 1S.

:O)88IO, a pagan practice, vii. N1Q$ a scandal in the

early church, N1K$ ouis 6 and the ?archioness de

;rinvilliers made it a rule to confess before com-

mitting each crime, NN0$ >omenBs confessions ordered

by 'opes to be divulged, NN# $ the value of the con-

fessional, NNK$ Eii. %J$ introduced in the siEth cen-

tury, EEiv. 1#5 $ the most e@ectual restraint upon

secret crimes $ confession allo>ed to a layman or a

>oman, for a time, 1#Q$ turned into a political >ea-

pon by bigots, 1#J $ confession practiced by the an3

cient )gyptians and reeks, 1#J.

:O)88IO/, *7).

</uricular confession gave rise to regicide in 'ortu-

gal, as it had before done in many other countries.

8uch is the deplorable state of human nature, that an

institution, in its origin intended as an eEpiation for

crimes, has been made use of to encourage the com-

mission of them. *he conspirators, being provided >ith

their pardons for the neEt >orld, lay in >ait for the

(ing.< eneral 7istory, EEE. NS1.

oltaire IndeE 10%

:OI8:/*IO, a ;iblical precedent cited in a rench

court, vii. N##.

:O9:I98, ;. :. 551-SJ%. vii. J%$ his pure morality$ an

able mathematician, EEiv. N0$ his religion, #1$ EEiE.

1J1 $ EEEv. NJ0.

:OOI88)948 have redeemed reputations >hich >ere mis-

&udged by the voE populi, Eiv. 5K.

:OU9)4O4 :9'ID. <7enceforth

I have no la>s, no friends, no king, but thine,

8o love commands and love shall be obeyed.<

/melia, Evi. 1N0.

:OU9)8*8, /I4.

<;ut most of loveBs be>itching draught be>are,

*he bravest hearts are conFuered by the fair.<

X-*he 7enriade, EEEviii. 1K.

:OU9)8* O )/D by illiam of ormandy, EEiv.

NQ% $ he had no right to )ngland nor even ormandy

as an illegitimate, NJ1$ a strong ruler and la> giver$

established schools, NJS.

:O8:I):).

<Depend upon it thereBs a time the heart

*o virtueBs paths by instinctBs force returns,

/nd >hen the memory of former guilt

ith terror harro>s up the frighted soul.<

Olympla, Ev. 10J.

:O8)U9):)8. <hat has he to fear >ho does his

duty.< 8ocrates, Evi. NKJ.

:O8)4/*I)8. <7o> hard a matter it is to dis-

cover truth in this >orld, and those >ho kno> it best

are the last to divulge it.< etters, EEEviii. 1JK.

:O8O/*IO. <*he only comfort left me is to

doubt.< /lLire, Evii. N%.



:O8*/*I), )?')4O4, NJS-##J, a villain, but a man of

sense and a &ust reasoner, vi. N1 $ ho> he attained

po>er and established the :hurch, vii. 150$ his times,

character and career$ master of the :hurch though

unbaptiLed, and an unrepentant murderer, NSQ$ he

Hrst tolerated, and then persecuted religionists, Eiv.

no oltaire IndeE

100$ his rise to the throne, EEiv. JS$ his method of

getting rid of his family, J5$ a saint or a monster,

his policy, JQ, JK.

:O8*/*IO'), )mpire of, eighth century, atrocities of

its monarchs, during t>o centuries, EEiv. 1%1.

captured and ravaged by :hristians in the crusades,

1N0S, EEv. 1N#, 1SQ$ captured by the *urks, EEvi. in $

EEiE. N5K$ EEE. J.

:O8*I'/*IO a hindrance to saintliness, even in 8t. 'aul,

Eiii. NNQ.

:O8*I*9*IO O )/D, *7), iE. N%#.

:O*I, /4?/D, 'rince of, commanding rench against

)nglish, EEii. N5#, NJ#.

:O*4O, O8I. <e are led aside from error to

error, and from crime to crime, till our heads turn

round, and >e fall do>n the precipice.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N#0.

:O)*8, ho> they might beneHt the population, EEEvii.

NNK.

<:O)48/*IO I*7 / :7I)8).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

:O)48IO.

</ sinner >ouldst thou to repentance call !

;igot, miE honey >ith thy sermonBs gall.<

)nvy, EEEvi. 1K5.

:O)4*8, <at Hrst they >ill submit to be hanged, after-

>ards they >ill hang in their turn,< Eiv. 10#.

:O98IO/4I)8 O 4/:), their blood-thirsty fanati-

cism, iE. 1K.

:O98IO8 O /*94), legendary and actual, vii. QN.

:OO()4+ / /4*.

<*he man >ho can in cookery shine

?ay >ell be deemed a man divine.<

*he orldling, EEEvi. KJ.

:O')4I:98, 1SJ#-15S#, not anticipated by the ancients,

Eiv. #K$ his astronomical discoveries, EEviii. N#S.

:OU9), ?/4I) / /, of the Incarnation, note, Eli. 1J5.

:O4D)I)48, or ranciscan friars, their inAuence in the

fourteenth century, EEv. NNQ$ their >orld-rending

oltaire IndeE III

kitchen garden Fuarrel, Eiv. N0# $ note, El. KK $ Eli. N5Q.

:O4)I), 'I)44), 1Q0Q-1QKS, defects in his heroes, Eiv.

NS5$ EEiii. 115, 11%$ EEE. 100$ EEEviii. NJ%.

:O449'* OI:I/8. *he great fault of almost all

>ho govern, is having but half >ills and half means,

Eiv. 15#.

:O449'*IO O 8*+). )ssays, EEEvii. JJ.

:O48I:/8, *7), in the eighteenth century, EEE. 15%.

:O4*)8, )4/DO, EEvii. N0K$ his eEpedition of 151%, the

:ity of ?eEico described, N0%$ ?onteLumaBs progres-

sive government, N10$ reckless of human life, he en-

couraged the arts, the education of both seEes, N1N$

his behavior to the 8paniards, N1# $ cruelty and re>ard

of :ortes, N1J.

:O9:I8 O *7) )/4+ :794:7, general and particular,

N%J$ :ouncil of ice, vii. 11Q$ ho> it dre> up the

creed, N%%$ contradictory legislation on relics, Eiii. 5S.

* of ;asel, fourteenth century, on the double proces-

sion of the 7oly host, deposes the 'ope, EEvi. K#.

of :onstance, EEv. N5N$ lasted from 1S1# till 1S1K.

of *rent. 8ee *4)*.

:O98)8 ;+ ouis 6I., EEiii. N15.

:O9*4+ :)4+?/, *7), and his hell-deserving parish-

ioners, E. #N.

:O94/). <*o subdue

Our haughty foes one thing aloneBs reFuired,

/nd that is not to fear them.< /lLire, Evii. NS.

:O94* I) O ouis 6I., EEiii. 115.

:O94*-:4/*.

n old in the chicanery of a court.<

;rutus, Ev. NQ#.

:O94*)8+, 7umility, vii. S1.

:O94*+ I4*9).

<irtue, Btis said, can sometimes penetrate

*o courts, and lurk behind the pomp of state.<

*he ature of irtue, EEEvi. 1KK.

7N oltaire IndeE

:O, *7) ?O6(B8 $ cause of a hundred years of strife,

note, Eli. 1JJ.

:4/?)4, /4:7;I87O', 1SK%-155Q, his career and fate,

EEvii. 11#.

:4)/*IO, the story of, iE. 15%.

:4)/*94)8 O :I4:9?8*/:).

<:ourage, as directed, forms

*he mighty hero, or the mighty villain $

/nd he >ho is reno>ned for guilt alone,

7ad glory Hred his breast, to him had been

*he incense poured, to him the temple raised

or his eEalted merit.< :atiline, Evii. NKQ.

:4)DI;II*+ O *7) O8')8, vii. 10J.

:4)DO, oltaireBs, Eiv. #Q.

:4))D, *7) /'O8*)8, on the descent into hell, E. #S $ dicta

of the early athers, #5.

:4))D 4)I8IO.

<*hese reverend fathers are eEceeding slo> $

'erhaps uncertain, trembling for their fate,

*hey kno> not ho> to act.< :atiline, Evii. NQ5.

:4I?), perils of false testimony, viii. 1Q.

:4I?)8 of horror most freFuent in superstitious times,

Eiv. #0.

:4O?), OI)4, 15%%-1Q5K$ portrayed by oltaire, a hero

and fanatic, viii. N%$ iE. NQ$ the most terrible of all

Fuacks, Eiii. SN $ his death might have saved :harlesB

life, 1%Q$ enslaved )ngland >ith the gospel in one

hand, the s>ord in the other, and the mask of re-

ligion on his face$ concealing under the Fualities of

a great king, all the crimes of a usurper, EEii. N1 $

got himself appointed ord ieutenant of Ireland,

EEviii. N%1 $ eneral of the )nglish /rmy, 1Q50, and

defeated the 8cotch, N%S$ pursues :harles , N%5$ dis-

solves 'arliament, convenes his ;arebones 7ouse of

:ommons, N%K$ is made 'rotector, N%%$ his po>er

ackno>ledged by all the nations $ his character, #01 $

and death, #0N. 8ee EEii. KJ. 7is bones dug up and

hung in chains, EEiE. K$ EEE. N%J$ EEEiE. 10#.

oltaire IndeE 11#

:4O88, di@erent sorts of nails sho>n as relics of the, Eii.

SQ.

:4O8 O *7O48.

<)ven in that hour of triumph and success,

)ven in the bosom of prosperity,

*he heart of ma&esty >as pierced >ith grief.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1S%.

:4O8, *he ?an of orty. 8ee 4O?/:)8.

:498/D)8, *7), history of, EEv. K#$ 'alestine in the elev-

enth century, KK$ captured by Omar, >ho built the

great mosFue in Merusalem, K%$ 'eter the 7ermit, %0$

'ope 9rbanBs ambition, %1 $ promises remission of sins

and penalties to all >ho >ould ravage 'alestine$ t>o

hundred and eighty thousand vagabonds and dissi-

pated knights march <to defend Mesus :hrist and eE-

terminate the Me>s,< %#$ the crusaders capture Meru-

salem and massacre all but :hristians, 10N$ odfrey

of ;ouillon chosen Duke of Merusalem, 10S$ >ars of

*urks and :hristians, 10Q$ crusaders cut to pieces

by the troops of 8olyman, 10J$ the (nights *emplars,

10J$ failure of the Hrst crusades, 10K$ incidental >ars,

10%$ 8t. ;ernard of :lairvauE, no$ disasters to the

rench, 11#$ 8aladin, his noble character and vic-

torious career, 11S-1N1$ the :hristians plunder :on-

stantinople and massacre the people, 1N#-1SQ$ capture

of Damietta, 1N%$ dread of enghis (han, 1#N$ 8t.

ouis a virtuous (ing, his early victories against

)ngland, 1#5 $ his rash and costly crusade, 1#J $ is

taken captive, returns in four years, 1SN$ his >ise-

rule, 1S#$ he died >hile besieged by the ?oors, aged

Hfty-Hve, >ith the piety of a monk and the courage

of a hero, 1SS.

:4+I. <4idiculous I never >ept in my life$ our

eyes >ere never given us for that purpose.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. JK.

:9I88/), the right of, on the marriage of common people,

Eiv. QQ.

7S oltaire IndeE

:9?O)/, 8+;I, *7)$ introduced :hristian doctrine,

Eiii. N0J.

:9)9D/, >ife of 7enry II. of ermany, >alks bare-

foot over nine red hot ploughshares, unhurt, proving

her Hdelity, EEiv. N%J.

:94) ;), no tyrannical la>$ it >as necessary to

guard their rude >ooden houses from Hre, EEiv. NJS.

:94IO8I*+, highest prices paid to see brutal spectacles $

the fearful torture-death of Damiens, viii. SS.

:94IO98 */;) O '4I:)8 O4 :794:7 8/:*IO8, Eiv. QK.

:944):+, EEEvii. N1%.

:98*O?. <*he dominion of custom is much more eE-

tensive than that of nature, and inAuences all manners

and all usages. It di@uses variety over the face of the

universe.< eneral 7istory, EEE. 1SS$ vii. S5.

:+'4I/, 8*., N00-N5K, his picture of the priests of his day,

vii. 1QN.

:+4/O D) ;)4)4/:, Eii. 1NQ$ Eiii. 1S1, 1J0.

:+498, ;. :. 5%0-5N%, the <ordBs /nointed< and an <il-

lustrious robber,< viii. S%.

:T/4 ')*)4 *7) 4)/*, 1QJN-1JN5, <is, perhaps, of all

princes, the one >hose deeds are most >orthy of being

transmitted to posterity.<

)mpire of 4ussia, EEEiv. 5.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. I. :ontinued.

:/)8/4 :/)D8.

:/)8/4, ;. :. 100-SS, idolatrous >orship of their tyrant

by the rench, #11.

:/)D8, early church feasts of ools, /sses and Inno-

cents. #1S.

oltaire IndeE 115

O. II.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.



:O*I9)D.

:/I;/I8? :O9:I8.

:/I;/I8?, a matter of taste, 5$ or necessity, K$ not

conHned to any race or period $ siege of 8amaria, see

8econd ;ook of (ings, n$ ?ontaigne on, 15$ )ng-

lish candles, 1J.

:/8*I8, in metal, 1J.

:/*O, ;. :. %5-SQ, on suicide, 1%$ varied causes and mo-

tives, N1 $ singular suicides, NS $ la>s against suicide,

N%$ the :hurchBs verdict on Mudas, ##.

:)*8, are they ;abel folk! #5.

:)4)?OI)8, *itles, 'recedence. / free people, fe> cere-

monies, fe>er titles, #Q$ etiFuette of armchairs, #J$

the hypocrisy and vanity of titles, S1.

:)4*/I, :ertainty. )rring like men of genius and form-

ing decisions like fools, S%$ the cases of :alas and

?artin, 50$ death by torture decreed blunderingly, 51$

mathematical demonstration not al>ays possible, 5#.

:7/I O :4)/*)D ;)I8, 55$ chain or generation of



events, 5K$ ord ;olingbroke indebted to the petty

Fuarrels bet>een the Duchess of ?arlborough and

?rs. ?asham for his opportunity to conclude the pri-

vate treaty bet>een Uueen /nne and ouis 6I. *he

political conseFuences, 5%.

:7/)8 that have occurred in the lobe, QN$ mythical

and actual convulsions of nature, Q# $ 'latoBs story

of the lost /tlantis, QS$ oahBs Aood, QQ.

:7/4/:*)4. Inherited temperament$ the physiognomy of

rancis I. of rance, QJ$ the temper of 'ope 8iEtus

., QK.

:7/4I*+. :haritable Institutions. 4oman usage, J0$

modern 4ome and its care of the poor, J#$ prevention

of poverty better than its cure, J5.

:7/4)8 I6., 1550-15JS, (ing of rance, as a poet, JJ.

nQ oltaire IndeE

:7I/, its antiFuity, J%$ religion, toleration, civiliLation,

J%$ pure morality of the teachings of :onfucius, KN$



the eEpulsion of missionaries not persecution, K#$

the :hinese not atheists, KK. hy should our split-up

sectarians disturb the :hinese in their liberal and ad-

mirably ancient religion! %S.

:74I8*I/I*+, the sects and factions in 'alestine under

the rule of 7erod, %5$ the 8amaritan Me>s, %J$ the

7ierosolymites, the 7ellenic and the )gyptian Me>s,

%% $ inAuence of 'latonism on the gospel >riters, 101 $

rise of :hristianity, 10N $ ho> the ne> system gre>,

105 $ silence of Mosephus upon cardinal points in the

gospel narratives, 10Q$ diculties in the several his-

tories by sacred >riters, 10J $ the state of religion and

literary morality at that period, no$ the /pocryphal

scriptures, in$ etters of the irgin ?ary$ 8imon

the Aying magician, 11#$ /bdias, his history of the

apostles, 11S$ the /postlesB :reed not >ritten by

them, 11Q$ ho> it >as formulated, 11K$ the /rians

and /thanasians, and the decision of the :ouncil of

)phesus in S#1, 11%.

:74I8*?/8, conAicting dates of the ativity, 1N0$ the

pagan festival of the ne> birth of the sun held on

December N5, 1NN$ :lement, Mustin ?artyr, and *er-

tullian on the ativity, 1NS.



:74OOO+, the >orthlessness of early systems, 1NQ.

:794:7, summary of early church history, 1#0$ the nine

Me>ish sects, 'harisees, 8adducees, )ssenes, Mudaites,

*herapeutae, 4echabites, 7erodians, the disciples of

Mesus, the disciples of Mohn, 1#1 $ personal descrip-

tion of the /postle 'aul, 1#S$ his attitude to>ard his

discarded faith, 1#Q$ beginnings of persecution, 1S0$

po>er of driving out devils given to the :hurch, 1SN$

early martyrs, Ignatius, 4omanus, and others, 1SS.

7o> :onstantine established the church, 150$ it

took ruthless revenge on its former persecutors, 15N$

its bishops became princes, losing half of )urope by

the 4eformation it conFuered a larger territory in the

oltaire IndeE 11J

/mericas, 15# $ e@orts of the primitive society to found

a commune, 15%$ their love feasts degenerated, 1Q1 $

8t. :yprian pictures the >orldliness of the priests of

his day, 1QN$ siE centuries of schisms, >ars, and plun-

der, 1Q# $ 7ildebrand as 'ope, 1QS.

*he Uuakers return to primitive :hristianity, 1Q5$

illiam 'enn and his colony, 1QQ$ his code more

liberal than those of 'lato and ocke, 1QJ$ in his day

'hiladelphia deserved its name, 1QK.

*he split bet>een the atin and reek churches,

1J0$ bearded versus beardless priests, 1J#$ the ortho-

doEy of blood puddings, 1JS$ the 7oly 8epulchre at

)aster, 1JJ.

:794:7 O )/D, po>erful because of its privileges,

1JK$ freedom of its clergy, 1J%.

:794:7 property, gro>th of >ealth in the early church,

1K0$ >here the once common fund goes, 1KN$ monks

as slave-o>ners, 1K#.

:I:)4O, ;. :. 10Q-S#, an estimate of his life and career,

1KS.

:I4:9?:I8IO, 7erodotus on, 1%1 $ adopted by the Me>s

from the )gyptians, 1%#.

:)4(, :lergy, meaning of term <beneHt of clergy,< 1%J$

celibacy of, 1%K$ ;ishop 'aphnucius held that marriage

is chastity, 1%%$ second marriages by the clergy, N00$



'ope regory eEcommunicated married priests, N01 $

'ius II. upheld the marriage of 'opes, N01 $ :lerks of

the :loset became 8ecretaries of 8tate, N0N.

:I?/*), its inAuence on mental activity, N0# $ physical

causes for modes of ceremonial >orship, N0J.

:O7)4):), :ohesion, /dhesion, e>tonBs theory of at-

traction, N10.

:O??)4:), the 'ortuguese once great in trade, N11$ the

cause of )nglandBs po>er, N1N.

:O??O 8)8), ho> blind faith and fear kill it, N1S.

:O)88IO, a practice in )gypt, reece, and among the

Me>s, N1Q$ scandals of public confession, N1K$ ouis

6I. and the ?archioness de ;rinvilliers confessed be-

nK oltaire IndeE

fore each crime, NN0 $ four 'opes ordered that >omenBs

confessions should be disclosed, NNN $ the civil la> and

the confessional, NN# $ female confessors, NN5 $ confes-

sion tickets, NNJ.

:OI8:/*IO under the 4oman la>, N#1 $ ;iblical prece-

dent relied on in a rench court, N#N.

:O8:I):) not innate, N#S $ ToroasterBs rule, N#Q $ >hether

a &udge should decide according to his conscience or

according to the evidence, >hich may be false, N#Q$

8t. *homas /Fuinas decides for the latter, N#J$ of a

deceitful conscience, N#K $ *ristram 8handy, by <8terne,

the second 4abelais of )ngland,< Fuoted and praised

by oltaire, N#K$ the variable conscience of David,

N#%$ liberty of conscience, a erman parable, NS0.

:O8)U9):), absurd results from rigid reasoning, NS#.

:O8*/*I), NJS-##J$ his period contrasted >ith the

/ugustan age, NSQ$ his character, a great prince, am-

bitious, cruel, and sanguinary, his household murders,

N51 $ his election to the throne by the army in )ngland,

N5# $ defeated ?aEentius, heaven inscribing its sign of

victory in reek instead of atin, N5S $ became a

:hristian but did no penance for his crimes, N5J $ abso-

lute master in :hurch and 8tate, he controlled the

:ouncil of ice convened to HE the creed, N5K.



:O*4/DI:*IO8. reat systems of religion and la> con-

tradict in practice their root principles, N5%$ 8pinoLa

the atheist lived in peace, anini the deist >as con-

demned and done to death, NQ1 $ harmless books sup-

pressed, hurtful ones ignored, NQN$ pagan month and

day names in one :hristian :alendar, NQS$ historical

and ;iblical eEamples of inconsistency, NQJ $ the char-

acters of /leEander, :aesar, ?ahomet, :rom>ell, NJ1 $

Old *estament arithmetic, e> *estament geneal-

ogies, NJ5 $ Mohn ?eslierBs repudiation of his church,

NJ%$ contradictions in literary criticism, NKS.

:O*4/8*. ;lack progeny from >hite parents, NKS.

:O98IO/I4)8, miracle->orking in 1JNS, NKQ$ the

oltaire IndeE 11%

fanaticism of believers in faith-healing and hypnotic

states of mind and body, NKQ.

:O4. Origin of the >ord and thing, NKK$ songs in praise

of ;acchus, but none for oah >ho gave us >ine,

NK%$ corn in )gypt and dear bread in rance, N%0.



:O9:I8, convened to decide dogmas and rules of dis-

cipline, in the absence of a >ritten code by the

ounder, N%# $ eneral and 'articular councils, N%J $

that of ice consisted of t>o hundred and Hfty, says

)usebius of icomedia, t>o hundred and seventy says

)ustathius, three hundred says /thanasius, each of

>hom >as present, N%%$ a letter of :onstantine ac-

cuses )usebius of dishonor, #00 $ the alleged forgery of

)usebius and *heogenes, #01 $ the double procession

of the 7oly host, #0# $ the heresy of estorius, #0# $

the eneral :ouncils of icea, 4imini and 8elencia,

:onstantinople, )phesus and :halcydon, #0J$ :oun-

cils from the year KQQ to that of *rent in 15#J, >hich

ended in 15Q1. )Eamples of :ouncil infallibility, #1Q.

O. III.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

:O*I9)D.

:O9*4+ :+498.

:O9*4+, men >ithout a, 5 $ republic or monarchy ! 10.

:4I?)8, O@enses. :ircumstances make crime, n $ eEtraor-



dinary cases of magniHed o@enses and imaginary tes-

timony, 1#, 1Q.

:4I?I/ '4O8):9*IO. 'rivileged murderers in &udicial

robes, 1K $ anomalies of the la>, N1 $ barbarous pro-

cedure in the case of the 8irven family, NS.

:4O?), 15%%-1Q5K$ portrayed by oltaire, N%$ soldier,

preacher, tyrant, #0$ contrasted >ith his son, #Q.

:9I88/), female vassals the property of the lords, #J.

:94/*), country clergy$ their poverty and the in&ustice of

the tithe system, S0.

:94IO8I*+. ;rutaliLing inAuence of public eEecutions and

INO oltaire IndeE

bloody spectacles, SS$ the fearful torturing to death of

Damiens, SJ.

:98*O?8, usages, la>, &ustice$ >eights and measures vary

according to locality, SK.

:+498, ;. :. 5%0-5N%. :onAicting biographies of this

<ordBs anointed,< S% $ propriety of cutting the head

o@ the <illustrious robber,< 5#.


DB/)?;)4*, Dean le 4ond, 1J1J-1JK#$ his lucid style,

Eiii. 1S#.

D/?I)8, 4O;)4* 4/:I8, stabbed ouis 6. <for re-

ligionBs sake,< EEE. N##.

D/?/*IO, eternal, threatened by Mesus but not generally

believed in by the Me>s, E. N5 $ of (ings, artists, and

farmers by ?other :hurch, EEEvi NS%.

D/?/*IO O *7) OOD.

< 8hall /ristides, 8ocrates the sage,

8olon, the guide and model of his age,

/ll be cast into the abyss of hell,

;y the Must ;eing >hom they served so >ell!

/nd shall you be in heaven, >ith glory cro>ned,

hile cro>ds of cherubim your throne surround,

;ecause >ith monks a >allet once you bore,

In ignorance slept and greasy sackcloth >ore!<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #S.

D/?)D, *7).

< ove, talent, >it, grace, beauty, every age,

reat throng unnumbered, an immortal cre>,

*rue heaven-born race, O 8atan, made for you <

a 'ucelle, El. 1JQ.

D/:) O *7) ?/88, *7), Fuoted from 8t. Mohn by the

8econd :ouncil of ice, Ei. N#N.

D/*), 1NQ5-1#N1, little read and less understood, because

of his translators and interpreters, viii. 5S$ EEvi. S%.

DB/ssissi, 4/:I8, 8*., founder of the ranciscan riars,

oltaire IndeE 1N1

in 1N10$ >orld->ide spread of the order, EEEvii. 1#J$

EEEiE. NQ0. 8ee ?O(8.

D/*) O *7) /*II*+ DI8'9*)D, vii. 1NS.

D/9'7I, from the province of Dauphiny, from one of its

kings having taken a dolphin for his arms, EEv. N%%.

D/IDB8 :O8:I):), after the murder of 9riah, in a state

of obduracy and darkness for a >hole year, vii. N#%$

portrayed as lover, poet, liar, vindictive conFueror,

murderer, adulterer, harpist, petty king, ancestor of

?ary and Mesus, and pardoned penitent, viii. 5J.

his alleged >ealth, amounting to some siE thousand

million dollars $ more money than >as then circulating

through the >hole >orld, Eiii. N#%.

D/TT)D. <*he moment he became ?r. 'resident, by

any troth, he >as stu@ed up >ith vanity and imperti-

nence.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1SQ.

D)/D, ;/'*I8? O *7), vi. N0#.

D)/ 7)/). <:aesarBs but a man,

or do I think that heaven >ould eBer disturb

*he course of nature, or the elements

4ise in confusion, to prolong the life

Of one poor mortal.< :asar, EiE. 155.

D)/*7B8 ?/8(8.

<hat is this phantom death,

*hat thus appals mankind! *he >retchBs hope,

*he villainBs terror, and the brave manBs scorn.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1K%.

D)/*7 /8 4I)D.

<ithout reluctance, and >ithout regret,

*he >ise eEpect and meet him as a friend.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1K%.

D)/*7, )/4 O.

<;etter to die than be afraid of death.<

:cesar, EiE. 1#Q.

D);/*).

<?uch >ere their arguments >ith >isdom fraught $

*heir >ords >ere gold, but they concluded naught.<

a 'ucelle, El. SS.

1NN oltaire IndeE

D);O4/7, :ommander of the Me>ish army, and the fate of

the defeated 8isera, general over three hundred and

ten thousand soldiers, vi. N1# $ note El. %N $ Eli. NJ#.

D);*8 O ouis 6I., EEEvii. NNN.

D):/D):).

<8oft ucullus,

8unk in the arms of luEury and sloth.<

:atiline, Evii. NSJ.

D):)I*.

<:an there on earth be hearts so base as eBer

*o boast a passion >hich they never feel!<

Taire, EiE. JS.

D):)II *7) ')O'), the akir ;ambabef argues for it,

and hang, the :onfucian, against it, iE. 1N#.

D))D8, O* :4))D8, a decision of the :ourt of 7eaven,

viii. 15N.

D))' D)8:)*. <Disgrace attends

On those alone >ho merit it but kno>,

*he blood of nobles, your patrician friends,

Debased by guilt, should rank belo> the meanest.<

:atiline, Evii. NK1.

D))/*8. <*he loss of battles is not so much o>ing

to the number of the killed, as to the timidity of those

>ho survive.< :harles 6II. of 8>eden, EE. Q0.

D)I/* /*94). <?an is far too >eak to conFuer

nature.< Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1%#.

D)I*+$ >e believe by reason, not faith, viii. #NQ$ it is the

>ill of od that >e should be virtuous, and not that

>e should be absurd, #NK$ controversies on Deity,

Eii. N05. 8ee OD.

D)I;)4/*IO.

<Mudgments too Fuickly made are oft un&ust.<

:atiline, Evii. NJ#.

D)9)8, *4/DI*IO8 O, vii. Q5$ the /rk and Dove a

8amothracian tradition, Eiii. 1Q#.

D)98IO. <ate ofttimes

Deceives the hearts of men, directs in secret

/nd guides their >andering steps through paths unkno>n $

oltaire IndeE 1N#

Ofttimes it sinks us in the deep abyss

Of misery, and then raises us to &oy.<

Orestes, Evii. 11%.

D)?O:4/:+, O4 ?O/4:7+! <*he government of

men is eEceedingly dicult,< viii. J5.

D)?OI/:/ 'O88)88IO, killing the body to liberate the

spirit, viii. KS.

D)?O8.

<*he multitude are ever >eak and blind,

?ade for our use, born but to serve the great,

;ut to admire, believe us, and obey.<

?ahomet, Evi. NK.

D)I8, 8*., >ho >alked >ith his decapitated head in his

hand, note, El. 5J$ Eli. NQ%.

D)8:/4*)8, 4)), 15%Q-1Q50, and e>ton $ sketch of their

lives and systems of philosophy, EEEvii. 1QS$ EEEviii.

NK1 $ note, Eli. 5Q.

D)8:)* O M)898 I*O 7), E. ##.

D)8)4* I8/D8, problems for small societies on, Ei. %1.

D)8'/I4. </gainst misfortune, in&ustice and poverty

there are arms that >ill defend a noble heart, but

there is an arro> that al>ays must be fatal.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. NQ.

D)8'O*I8?.

<I hate our )astern policy, that hides

Its tyrants from the public eye, to screen oppression.<

Taire, EiE. #N.

D)8'O*I8?8, '/98I;).

<I, too, my lord, am fond of liberty.

+ou languish for her, but en&oy her not.

Is there on earth, >ith all your boasted freedom,

/ught more despotic than a common>eal!<

;rutus, Ev. N5#.

D)8*I+. riting

as I no> do, and you have the passion for censuring

me$ >e are both eFually fools, both eFually the sport

of destiny,< viii. KQ.

1NS oltaire IndeE

D)8*I+.

<*he orders of the gods must be obeyed $

*hey never vary, are forever HEed,

9nlike the changeful la>s of humankind.<

Olympia, Ev. 11Q.

<8pite of ourselves, our >ays are noted do>n,

?arked and determined.<

8emiramis, Evii. N1K.

DB)8*4))8, /;4I)), her inAuence over 7enry I., 155#-

1Q10$ EEviii. %5-100.

D)**I), *7) )I87 D))/* *7) 4):7 /*, EEEiii.

150.

D)I )6'))D ;+ *7) 8I O *7) :4O88, vii. 1SN$ but

the Me>s had the same po>er, and no> both Me>s and

:hristians have lost it, 1S#.

gets into very agreeable society, E. 1%0.

<*he Devil, my dear, is full of spite.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1%Q.

D)O*)), fancy picture of a, viii. %1.

<8he pours her daily incense at their altars,

/nd >earies heaven >ith vo>s.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1J#.

D)O*IO. <8he has a friendship for me, and thatBs

better than money.<

anine, Eviii. 1NJ.

<DI/O9) ;)*)) ?/4:98 /94)I98 /D / 4):O)*

4I/4.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

< bet>een a ;rahmin and a Mesuit.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

< bet>een ucretius and 'osidonius.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

< bet>een a :lient and 7is a>yer.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

< bet>een ?adame de ?aintenon and ?dlle. de

B)nclos.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

< bet>een a 8avage and a ;achelor of /rts.< 8ee

4O?/:)8.

on )Ecommunication, EEEvii. NS0.

oltaire IndeE 1N5

DI// O 'OI*I)48, note, Eli. 101.

<Dictionary, / 'hilosophical,< ten volumes, 6I.

8ee end of each alphabetical section, /, ;, etc.

DI:*IO/4+ ?/()48, freaks and bigotries of, viii. %Q.

DII*+.

<*hough vulgar souls, by vulgar methods, deign

*o vindicate their in&ured honor, kings

/nd heroes, >hen they speak, eEpect, sans doubt,

*o be believed.< :)dipus, Evi. 1Q%.

DII */;) O 8OO?O loaded >ith siEty thousand

pounds of fresh beef and mutton every day, Eiii. NS0.

DIO:)*I/, )?')4O4, NS5-#1#, a good >ord for, viii. 105$

his persecutions of the :hristians >ere never more

than transitory, viii. 105.

DIODO498 >hite>ashes the gods, viii. 1NQ.

DIO+8I98 O /)6/D4I/, banishment of, vii. 1SQ.

DI'O?/:+. <If you >ould keep your right, you must

divide it.< ?erope, Ev. #Q,

<ise men in their designs, the better to compass

their ends, al>ays make use of fools.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. NNQ.

<Dissimulation and disguise, my lord,

/re )uropean arts, >hich I abhor.<

/lLire, Evii. 15.

DI''I /()D, and sprinkling all over, the initiation rites

of the primitive church, vi. N0S.

DI4):*O4+ O IU9I8I*O48, *7), printed in 15JK, dedicated

to 'ope regory 6III, E. NNK$ children of victims not

to be .saved from beggary, N#0$ citations of atrocious

practices by them, N#1-N#5.

DI8:I'I).

<ho goes beyond his duty kno>s it not.<

?ahomet, Evi. #5.

DI8:O*)*. <It is a misfortune, nay, and it is a fault,

too, to have a mind above oneBs condition.<

anine, Eviii. 10K.

DI8:O4D, the great evil of the human species, EiE. 10Q.

1NQ oltaire IndeE

DI8):7/*?)*. <here there is no fortune >ith

love, and nothing but grief and poverty >ith it, it has

fe> charms.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1Q5.

DI8'9*/*IO, a poetical satire on, viii. 1N%.

DII) OO*'4I*8.

<In each path >hereBer thou treadest

8halt thou behold the footsteps of thy od.<

Taire, EiE. S%.

DII) 'O)4 eFually manifest in a Aea as in e>tonBs

brain, Eiii. 1KK.

DII) 4))). <7eaven sometimes, in anger, sends

us kings.< 8emiramis, Evii. 1Q%.

DII) 4I7*.

<*hese tyrants think the >orld >as made for them,

*hat they >ere born the sovereigns of mankind.<

/lLire, Evii. SQ.

DIO4:) from an <ugly, o@ensive smelling, and drunken

>ife< granted by uther, >ell kno>ing it >as a bare-

faced sanction for the polygamous marriage of 'hilip

of 7esse, EEvii. JS.

DO:*O48 rank among our noblest benefactors, Eii. 1%J.

DO, *amerlaneBs sub&ect or his, >hich >ould have the

happier life, Ei. %%.

DO?/, I?')4/*O4.

</n all-usurping po>er,

ounded by pride on ignorance and fear.<

/lLire, Evii. N%.

<)ven ecclesiastical dogmas are in perfect safety

>hen impugned only by philosophers. /ll the acade-

mies under the cope of heaven are not able, >ith their

utmost e@orts, to make the smallest revolution in the

common creed of a nation, let its tenets be never so

absurd.< )ssays, EEEvii. 1J5.

DO?II:, 8*., 11J0-1NN1, founder of the Dominican order$

note, El. 1%N.

DO?4)?I, home of Moan of /rc, El. QK, KJ.

DO/*IO8, gifts of kingdoms by kings to popes on recip-

rocal terms, viii. 155.

oltaire IndeE 1NJ

DOO?)D :I*+. *7).

<as then more vice in fallen isbon found

*han 'aris, >here voluptuous &oys abound!<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. %.

DOO?8D/+, the end of the >orld >as to arrive before the

disciples died, but it has not come yet. as Mesus

mistaken, or did 7e deceive ! *o suggest either >ould

be blasphemy, viii. N#N.

DO ')D4O *7) :49), 1##S-1#Q%, of :astile, his family

troubles, EEvi. 5.

DO9;) '4O:)88IO O *7) 7O+ 7O8*, vii. #0#.

DO9;*.

</s I gro> older, I doubt of all things,< Eiv. #K.

DO-4/D).

<'omp and pride,

)Ecess and luEury, the fruits of conFuest,

/re the timeBs vices.< :atiline, Evii. N#J.

D4/(), 4/:I8, 15S5-15%Q, and :avendish, sail round the

>orld, EEviii. 1K.

D4/?/*I: :4I*I:I8?.

as an eEcellent

one.<

< Detestable Our taste gro>s >orse and >orse.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. n.

D4/?/8.

8ee :ontents.

O8. 6 6I6.



?)4O').

O. 6.

Dramatis 'ersonae #

Dedication 5

etter to /uthor N0

/ns>er by NQ

/cts I-. C8ee EiE. N%

O+?'I/.

Dramatis 'ersonae 100

/cts I- . . .101

i N K oltaire IndeE

*7) O4'7/ O :7I/.



Dramatis 'ersonae 1 JS

Dedication 3J5

/cts I- Igl

;49*98.

Dramatis 'ersonae N#K

/cts I- N #%

O. 6I.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

?/7O?)*.

Dedication 5

:orrespondence ;et>een oltaire and 'ope ;ene-

dict 6I 1N

Dramatis 'ersonae 1Q

/cts I-. C8ee EiE. 1J



/?)I/, or the Duke of oiE.

Dramatis 'ersonae and ote KK

/cts I- Kg

C)oipus.

Dramatis 'ersonae and ote 1SK

/cts I- 1S%

?/4I/?).

Dramatis 'ersonae and ote N10

/cts I-. C8ee EiE. N11

8O:4/*)8.

Dramatis 'ersons NJ0

/cts I-III. C8ee EiE. NJ1

O. 6II.



D4/?/8, :ontinued.

/TI4).

Dramatis 'ersonse and ote S

/cts I-. 5

O4)8*)8.

Dramatis 'ersonae QS

Dedication Q5

/cts I-. C8ee EiE. Q%

oltaire IndeE 1N%

8)?I4/?I8.

Dramatis 'ersonse 1SQ

/cts I- 1SJ



:/*II).

Dramatis 'ersonse and ote NNQ

/cts I-. C8ee EiE. NNJ

'/DO4/.

Dramatis 'ersonse ,. N%0

/cts I-I N%1

O. 6III.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

*7) 8:O*:7 O?/.

Dramatis 'ersonal S

/cts I- 5

/I).

Dramatis 'ersonae %

/cts ?I C8ee EiE. %1



*7) '49D).

Dramatis 'ersonse 1Q0

/cts I- 1Q1

*7) */*)4.

Dramatis 'ersonse NQN

/cts I. C8ee EE. NQ#

O. 6I6.

D4/?/8, :ontinued.

T/I4).

Dramatis 'ersonse S

Dedication 5

/cts I- N#

:/)8/4.



Dramatis 'ersonse %Q

/cts ?il. C8ee p. N%# %J

*7) '4ODI/.

Dramatis 'ersonse 1SS

/cts I-. C8ee p. NQ% 1S5

1#0 oltaire IndeE

'4)/:)8 *O '/+8.

?/4I/?). C8ee Evi. N #5

O4)8*)8. C8ee Evii. N S3

:/*II). C8ee Evii. N 55

?)4O'). C8ee Ev. NQ5

*7) '4ODI/ NQ%

/I). C8ee Eviii. N J5

8O:4/*)8. C8ee Evi. N #

?/7O?)*. C8ee Evi. N J

M9I98 :/)8/4 ^#

D4/?/*I: :O8*49:*IO, EEEiE. 1NN-1JS. 8ee '4)/:)8,

EiE. N#5.

D4)/D.

<ear is the natural punishment of guilt,

/nd still attends it.< 8emiramis, Evii. N1N.

D4)/?8, philosophy of, Eiii. N5Q$ of /nne, 'rincess of

:leves, >hich led to her conversion, Eiv. 1J%.

D4)88, 8):4)* O.

<+ou seem eEtremely >ell dressed.<

<'lain, very plain.<

<;ut >ith taste.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1K5.

D49ID8, their human sacriHces, EEiv. 1S.

D4+/8D98*8. </ set of rigid people >ho call them-

selves solid$ gloomy geniuses, >ho pretend to &udg-

ment because they are void of imagination.<

)ssays, EEEvii. 11#.

D9;OI8, :ardinal and 'rime ?inister, 1Q51-1JN# $ bad in

sentiment, morals and conduct, EEi. 1JS$ a &est to the

people, a characterless >orldling, EEE. 15#.

D9)I, a custom of the barbaric eighth century, EEiv.

1SN$ EEE. #N$ the Hrst duel, note, Eli. %%.

Du 9)8:I, ;)4/4D, 1#N0-1#K0$ a valiant knight, de-

feated Don 'edro and the )nglish, as :onstable of

rance$ died 1#K0, and >as buried >ith royal honors,

EEvi. 1#.

D9()48, *7), of 'ennsylvania, vii. 1Q%$ a sect more

oltaire IndeE 1#1

secluded from the >orld than 'ennBs Uuakers, >ho

re&ect the doctrine of original sin as impious, and that

of hell as barbarous.

<*he most &ust and inimitable of men.< 1J0.

D9(I4(, :/'*94) O, by :onde, EEii. S#$ siege of and

surrender to the )nglish, KJ $ purchased back from

)ngland by :olbert, EEii. 11S.

D9?O9I, D4., beFueathed these <t>o great physicians,<

simple diet and soft >ater, Eiii. #%.

D98 8:O*98, 1NQ5-1#0K, <*he 8ubtle Doctor,< EEvii. 1#%.

D9*:7 4)'9;I:, the making of the, EEvii. NKJ$ sea Hghts

>ith )ngland, EEii. 11Q.

D9*+. as my duty.<

Taire, EiE. #5.

D+8')'8I/. <*his >orld is a hateful place<

anine, Eviii. 10J.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. III. D/*) D49ID8.

D.

D/*), 1NQ5-1#N1, little understood because of his com-

mentators, little read because of his translators, viii.

5S-

D/ID, ;ayleBs study of the divine favorite, 5J$ the magi-

cal virtue of olive oil as a regal hair dressing, Q1.

D)9), 9niversal, pious reasons for belief in it, J0$ its

>onderful capacity, J1 $ learned reasonings on the

tragical miracle, J#.

D)?O:4/:+, pros and cons of, J5 $ the /thenian republic

banished :imon, /ristides, *hemistocles, and /lci-

biades, and killed 'hocion and 8ocrates $ the mon-

archy of ?acedon >as responsible for t>o hundred

years of atrocious crimes, JQ$ the republic, >hen too

late, made apologies and reparation, J%$ the noble eE-

ample of 8>itLerland, K1 $ kingdom of the Me>s, K#.

D)?OI/:8, the <sacred disease< K#$ curing the patient

1#N oltaire IndeE

>ho >as >alking on the ceiling, KS $ modern kno>ledge

cures >ithout killing, KS.

D)8*I+, the cork in the stream$ sub&ection to unchange-

able la>, KQ$ as for our liberty <turn to the letter ,<

%1.

D)O*)), a fancy picture, %1.

DI/, the control of sun and moon by Moshua and 7eLe-

kiah, %N$ the dial of /haL, %S$ ho> Mupiter doubled

a nightBs length for a particular purpose, %5.

DI:*IO/4+, the encyclopedia of DB/lembert and Diderot,

%5$ partiality of some rench compilations, %Q$ >ord-

tinkers, 10#.

DIO:)*I/, NS5-#1#, the good side of the )mperor, 105$

created t>o :aesars, 10K$ cause of his Hrst persecution

of the :hristians, the unreasonable revolt of ?ar-

cellus, no$ stories from the /da 8incera, 11N$ lived

like a great )mperor and ended life like a philosopher,

11S.

DIO+8I98, 8*., the /reopagite, Hrst century, the Hrst

bishop of 'aris, his miracles, 11Q$ >itnessed the sunBs

eclipse at the :ruciHEion, 11J.

DIODO498 O 8I:I+, ;. : 50, and 7erodotus $ some re-

markable stories in their <histories,< 1N0$ the pious

custom of married >omen in ;abylon, 1NN$ the fairy-

land of 'anchaica, 1N#$ >hite>ashing the gods, 1NQ.

DI4):*O48 of conscience, their po>er over >omen, 1NJ.

DI8'9*)8, a poetical satire on Disputation, 1N%.

DI8*/:), &udgment from eEperience, 1#S$ story of a blind

boyBs confusion on receiving sight, 1#K$ each sense

needs the help of the others, 1SN.

DIII*+ of Mesus, arguments of the 8ocinians, >ho dis-

believe, 1SS.

DIO4:), among the early kings of rance, 1SQ$ mar-

riage probably antedates divorce, by at least a fe>

>eeks, 1SJ$ the 'opeBs po>er, 1SK.



DO, his many virtues, 1S%$ is honored in the heavens

and the calendar$ the trinitarian :erberus, 151.

DO?/8$ a visit to heaven$ the &udges of its court :on-

oltaire IndeE 1##

fucius, 8olon, 8ocrates, *itus, /ntoninus, )pictetus,

:harron, de *hou, de B7opital, 15N$ trial of :ar-

dinal orraine and Mohn :alvin, 15S$ &udgment on

their deeds, not their creeds, 155.

DO/*IO8. :onstantineBs gift of Italy to 'ope 8ylvester,

15Q$ 'epinBs gift, the donation of :harlemagne, 15%$

gift of aples to the 'ope, 1Q1 $ gift of )ngland and

Ireland to the 'ope by (ing Mohn, 1QS.

D4I(I 7)/*78, an absurd but genial observance, 1QK.

D49ID8, scene in *artarus, Orpheus and the ho>ling

priests, 1J1.




)/), the vultures, the o>l, and the birds they ruled, iE.

NKN.

)/4+ :74I8*I/8 >ere tolerated and protected by the

4oman )mperors, EEiv. QK$ their persecution under

Decius, ?aEimin, and Diocletian >as founded on rea-

sons of state, J0$ the reign of :onstantine a glorious

era for religion, JS.

athers, the $ actantius, his citation of the oracle,

vii. in$ icodemus, his gospel believed by some, 11N$

Hfty apocryphal gospels >ere fabricated, 11#$ 8t.

Merome and 8t. /ugustine vouched for the authenticity

of the letters of 8eneca and 8t. 'aul, 115$ /thanasius

against /rius at the :ouncil of ice, 11J$ *ertullian

and 8t. Mustin on the date of the ativity, 1NS $ 8t.

Ignatius, bishop of /ntioch and martyr, 1SS $ Origen

says there >ere only a fe> martyrs, 1S5.

)/4*7, theories of its form, from /ristotle to e>ton,

iE. 5S.

)/4*7U9/()8.

<hen the earth gapes my body to entomb

I &ustly may complain of such a doom.

333333

8ay, >hat advantage can result to all

rom >retched isbonBs lamentable fall!<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. 10.

1#S oltaire IndeE

)/8+ >ay to kill snakes, Eiii. N00.

)::)8I/8*)8, ;ook of, the sentiments of a materialist,

Eiii. NSS.

)::)8I/8*I:/ a@airs in rance, EEi. %0.

Murisdiction, eEamples of the *ari@ of 'apal bulls

and absolutions, Eiii. 1#Q.



):I'8) /* *7) :49:II6IO, viii. 1JQ.

):OO?+ O 8')):7, its use in a certain profession, viii.

1KS.

)D), 8cotchmen believe it >as in )dinburgh, v. N#N.

)DI:* O /*)8, granted by 7enry I. in 15%K, EEi. 11N$

an act of toleration by a great (ing, 11Q$ revoked in

1QK5, 1NJ.

)D/4D III. O )/D, 1#1N-1#JJ, and the miraculous

hailstorm, EEEvii. NJ#.

)D/4D I. O )/D, 1SSN-1SK#, his bloodthirsty dis-

position, EEvi. N5Q.

))8, story of the home-made, iE. N#5.

))?I/:+ of eEpression in opera, EEEvii. 1N1.

)+'*, its history >rit in its monuments, E. Q%.

)+'*I/ origin of the doctrine of 'urgatory, Eiii. #J.

)I7*))*7 century inFuisitorial tortures in rance, Eiv.

11%.

)):*IO D/+.

<o on proud consul, and abuse thy po>er,

*he time >ill come >hen thou shalt ans>er for it.<

:atiline, Evii. NQS.

)):*IO ;+ O*.

<*hus ancient >arriors did, >hen in its prime

*rue chivalry proclaimed the heroic time$

)ven no>adays, in some republics still,

?en are decreed the highest posts to Hll

rom cast of dice $ such matters neBer go ill.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. K5.

)):*O4 O ;//4I/, :harles /lbert, 1Q%J-1JS5, elected to

the /ustrian succession by the (ings of rance, 'rus-

sia and 'oland, EEEiii. SJ$ is cro>ned as :harles II.,

1JSN, 5K$ is badly defeated, Q#, 1S0, 1SN$ death of, N0S.



oltaire IndeE 1#5

)):*4I:I*+, is it not Casks oltaire the source of all

sensation, and is not sensation the origin of thought!

iE. %#.

))98II/ ?+8*)4I)8, *7), E. N05.

)IT/;)*7, Uueen of )ngland, 15##-1Q0N, tolerant of all

beliefs, EEvii. 115$ EEviii. N0$ her many personal and

political troubles, NN$ imprisoned by her sister, ?ary,

N#$ >hen proclaimed Uueen she refuses the hand of

'hilip of 8pain $ became supreme head of the church,

NS$ compelled ?ary 8tuart to drop the title, Uueen

of )ngland, NJ$ 'hilip stirs up troubles in Ireland,

>hich she suppressed$ her &udicial murder of ?ary

8tuart$ a reign of &ustice, >isdom and progression,

#0. 8ee ?/4+, U9)) O 8:O*8.

)OU9):), its nature and history, viii. 1%J$ in verse is of

all arts the most dicult and uncommon, Ev. J.

)?;)?8, good and bad$ eEamples from the pagans and

7ebre>s, viii. NNN.

)?')4O48 U9/-:9?, (I-:9?, /D (I-:9? U9/:9?,

of :hina, EEiE. 1SS$ the *artar hordes, 1SK$ ist-

ening, the last of the emperors, 151.

<)mpire, /nnals of the.< 8ee <//8.<

)?'*+ '4)*)D)48. ould prefer a fool to coE-

comb at any time.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1S5.

<):+:O')DI/,< *7), a remarkable circumstance relating

to literature. )ssays, EEEvii. K5.

):+:O')DI8*8, the lovers of truth, Eii. 1KN, 1%1.

)/D, :794:7 O, vii. 1JK$ EEEiE. N1N.

gre> rich after liberating the <poor< monks of their

accumulated >ealth, Eiii. K$ in the ninth century, EEiv.

1JS$ feudalism in, EEv. S5$ during the 4eformation,

EEvii. 10J.

and Ireland given by (ing Mohn to the 'ope in 1N1#,

viii. 1QS.

after the death of )liLabeth$ Mames I. of 8cotland

and I. of )ngland, asserter of the <divine right< >hich

led to the misfortunes of his family and the nation,

1#Q oltaire IndeE

EEviii. N50$ the gunpo>der plot, 1Q05, more tolerant

than the 'resbyterians, N5#$ prosperity under his

t>enty-t>o yearsB reign, N5S.

victories and defeats in the eighteenth century, EEE.

N0S $ defeat of the rench in India, N0Q $ in :anada and

the est Indies, N0K$ superiority of the )nglish on

the sea, N0%.

)I87 /:/D)?+, on the rench model, proposed by

Dean 8>ift, Eiii. NN%.

and Dutch sea-Hghts, EEii. 1Q1.

overnment, picture of the, iE, NK5.

nation, its rise to greatness under )liLabeth, EEviii.

1J-#0.

reluctance to Hght for ?aria *heresa, <>ar of 1JS1,<

EEEiii, JQ$ sends an army into landers, KN.

8tudies $ 'arliament, EEEiE. 5 $ :onstitution, % $ :om-

merce, 1Q$ Inoculation, 1%$ :hancellor ;acon, NJ$

ocke, ## $ 8uicide, #% $ )nglish *ragedy and :om-

edy, SS$ :ourtiers and 'oets, J5$ 8>ift, KN$ 'ope, %#$

the learned 8ocieties, %Q $ :rom>ell, 10# $ :harles I.

in$ :harles II., 11S$ the )nglish theatre, 1NN$ 7am-

let, 1NS$ the Uuakers, 1%N$ :hurch of )ngland, N1N$

'resbyterians, N1Q$ 9nitarians, N1%$ the )nglish and

Dutch possessions, NQ0.

and Irish. *here are certain nations >hich seem

made to be sub&ect to another$ the )nglish have

al>ays been superior to the Irish in genius, riches,

and arms. Ireland has never been able to thro> o@

the )nglish yoke since Hrst subdued by an )nglish

nobleman, EEii. N##.

)I7*)?)*. <Once I >as blind, like thee, but,

thanks to heaven, my eyes are opened no>.<

?ahomet, Evi. NJ.

)I4O?)*.

<Our thoughts, our manners, our religion, all

/re formed by custom, and the po>erful bent

Of early years$ born on the banks of anges

I >ould have >orshiped 'agan deities$

oltaire IndeE 1#J

/t 'aris I had been a :hristian $ here

I am a happy ?ussulman $ >e kno>

;ut >hat >e learn.< Taire, EiE. NJ.

)I/;). </ young and beautiful girl, >ho at the

same time is good natured and sincere, is sure to dis-

please her >hole seE.< anine, Eviii. 10%.

)+.

<Of pride and folly envy is the child,

8tubborn, perverse, intractable, and >ild.<

)nvy, EEEvi. 1K#.

<;etter eEcite envy than pity,< viii. NSQ.

)'I:*)*98, Hrst century, a pure theist, E. 1#J.

)'I'7/I98 *7) 8/I*, #10-S0#,. his slanders against his

friends, Ei. 5Q.

)'I8:O'/*), *7), ho> it originated, EEiv. 1N%.

)'I8:O'98.

</ pampered prelate, one >ith fat oBergro>n,

*riple-dunned, much to apopleEy prone.<

*he *emple of riendship, EEEvi. JN.

)'I8*)8 O '/9, curiosities of the, Eii. 1SK.

)U9/I*+, its unfortunate limitations, viii. NQ5.

of conditions, i. NK#.

</s men, >e are all eFual $ as members of society >e

are not. *his eFuality does not destroy subordination.<

)ssays, EEEvii. N#1.

)U9/+ /*)D. <4ich and poor,

*he monarch and the slave, are eFual all

;y nature $ all alike to sorro> born,

)ach has his share, and in the general >reck

/ll duty bids us is to save our o>n.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1%J.

)4/8?98, 1SQJ-15#Q, on /aron and 'eter the /postle, EEE.

Q%.

)4O*I: '7IO8O'7+, on the elements of love, Ei. 1S1.

<)ssays on iterature, 'hilosophy, /rt, 7istory,< EEEvii.

O*/I4)B8 /:/D)?+ 8')):7 5

O*/I4)B8 9)4/ )9OI9? NJ

*7) /*I-9:4)*I98 O :/4DI/ D) 'OI/:. . . SK

1#K oltaire IndeE



O /;) 5N

O I* 5J

/ :98*O? I 7O/D QK

*7) '4O)88IO O )**)48 J0

O :O449'*IO O 8*+) JJ

*o / :)4*/I 9'')4 :)4( K0

O / 4)?/4(/;) :I4:9?8*/:) K5

DI8:O948) *O *7) )87 K%

O /:I)* /D ?OD)4 *4/)D+ 115

'OI*I:/ *)8*/?)* O :/4DI/ /;)4OI 1SN

*7) 8O9 15N

*O)4/*IO 15%

D)8:/4*)8 /D )*O 1QS

)*OB8 :74OOO+ 1JJ

DI88)4*/*IO ;+ D4. /(/(I/ 1K#

7o> /4 ) 87O9D I?'O8) O *7) ')O') 1%%

*I*)8 O 7OO4 N0#

:O??)4:) /D 9694+ N11

?O)+ /D *7) 4))9) O (I8 N1%

*7O97*8 O *7) '9;I: /D?II8*4/*IO NNQ

DI/O9) O )6:O??9I:/*IO NS0

O;8)4/*IO8 O 7I8*O4+ N5J

*7) 8()'*I:I8? O 7I8*O4+ NQ%

)**)4 *O / '4O)88O4 O 7I8*O4+ NK0

)8*))?. <*here are those >hom one may esteem and

yet laugh at, and make fools of, is it not so!<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1%K.

)8*4))8, /;4I)) DB, note Eli. 105.

)*)4/ '9I87?)* for the sins of a fe> short years,

a :hristian, not a pagan doctrine, E. #0. 8ee 7),

D9()48.

)9)), 'rince of 8avoy, 1QQ#-1J#Q, EEii. N50$ a great gen-

eral ill-treated by rance, >ho shook the po>er of

ouis 6I. and the *urks, EEiii. 5$ at 4amillies, 5S$

defeated at Denain, %%$ note, El. 11K.

)99:78, only one famous general, and t>o eminent

scholars, EEE. NJS.

)94O') in the thirteenth century, EEv. $ )ngland, 8cot-

oltaire IndeE 1#%

land, rance, ermany, 8pain, Q1-N1K$ fourteenth cen-

tury, N1%. 8ee EEiE. NNK-N55, and the various coun-

tries.

)94O') I /4?8. <?ust )urope never cease to be

in arms!< *o the Uueen of 7ungary, EEEvi. N5K.

)98);I98, NQJ-##K, biographer of :onstantine, does not

give testimony corroborating the )mperorBs vision of

the cross, Eiv. 1JJ.

)/D)48. <ho breaks the la>s can never love his

country.< ;rutus, Ev. NQ#.

))4/8*I '9I87?)*. <It is >ell to make

our ste>ards and cooks believe they >ill be eternally

damned if they rob us,< Eiv. 1#J.

<))4+*7I is O4 *7) ;)8* I *7I8 ;)8* O 'O88I;)

O4D8,< i. QN, N10, NS0.

))B8 D/97*)48. orld is nothing but

a perpetual contest bet>een the virtuous and the

>icked, and >e poor girls are al>ays the su@erers.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. J1.

)I.

<e strive in vain its secret source to Hnd$

Is ill the gift of our :reator kind!<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. 1S.

Murisprudence. ?iscellanies, EEEviii. N5N.

)6:O??9I:/*IO, a crime if it deprives a man of his

civil rights, Eiii. 1N%$ >hat it used to mean, EEiv.

NSK$ dialogue on, EEEvii. NS0.

and interdicts are thunderbolts that never set a state

on Hre but >hen they meet >ith combustible materials.

eneral 7istory, EEiv. NS%.

)6I8*):) O OD, reasons for and against, EEEviii. N#K.

)6O4:I8?, po>er of, claimed by early :hristians, vii. 1SN,

viii. J5.

)6')4I):). <e have all our sorro>s.<

?eropc, Ev. 50.

)6*)4/8. <*he Hckle cro>d,

8till fond of novelty, >ith ardent Leal,

'ress for>ard to behold the eEpected nuptials

oltaire IndeE

ith acclamations loud, and songs of &oy.

*hey little kno> the grief that >rings thy heart.<

?erope, Ev. KS.

)6*O4*IO by monks, through the ghost of a >oman

>rongly buried in consecrated ground, Eiv. 1QJ.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. III., :ontinued. )/8) )T)(I).

).

)/8), the art and artiHce of, viii. 1JS.

):I'8) at the :ruciHEion, 1JQ. 8ee DIO+8I98.



):OO?+, rural$ the thrifty /braham and his descend-

ants, 1K1.

of speech, in 'aul, 1KS$ in Merome, 1KQ$ in /ugustine,

1KJ$ in Irenaeus, 1KK$ in *ertullian, 1K%.

))/:) in poetry and oratory, 1%0.

)I/8 or )li&ah, and )noch. arious accounts and inter-

pretations of their departure >ithout death, 1%#.

)OU9):). ature makes men eloFuent, 1%J $ /ristotle

on the art, 1%%$ :icero, Demosthenes, Uuintilian, ;os-

suet, ;ourdaloue, ?assillonBs bold Hgure, N0#$ a hint

to preachers, N0S.

)?;)?8, Hgures, allegories, symbols. 9niversally em-

ployed by the ancients, N0J $ the most beautiful of all

emblems describing od, by *imaeus, Fuoted by 'lato,

N0%$ eEamples from )cclesiastes, 8ong of 8olomon,

Meremiah, )Lekiel, 7osea, N0%.

):7/*?)*, magic con&uration, sorcery. 8erpent

charming, NNN$ a>aking the dead, NNQ$ sorceries and

love philtres, N#0.



)D O *7) O4D. ;eliefs of the pagans, N#N $ of the

/postles and the )gyptians, N#5.

)*798I/8?, by Ignatius and rancis 6avier, N#K$ /leE-

anderBs east, by Dryden, the noblest ode of enthu-

siasm, NS#.

)+, emulation kept >ithin the bounds of decency, NS5.

)'I: poetry$ 7esiodBs orks and Days, eFual in merit

oltaire IndeE 1S1

>ith 7omerBs poems, NSQ$ the Iliad not really inter-

esting, N50$ irgil, ucan, *asso, /riostoBs charm,

N5Q.

)'I'7/+. *he three unkno>n (ings >ho >ent to ;eth-

lehem, N5K.

)U9/I*+, as to common nature, NQ0$ misery the cause

of ineFuality, NQN$ the :ardinalBs cook must not order

his master to prepare dinner, NQ5.



)88)I/8, )88))8. *he men in all ages >ho have pre-

ferred Fuiet lives and brotherly love, NQQ$ the early

:hristians too good to be soldiers, NJN$ ?ontesFuieuBs

opposite vie> a mistaken one, NJ#.

)*)4I*+, the Omnipotent made other >orlds than ours,

NJ5-

)9:7/4I8*, the cause of >ars, Fuarrels and the contempt

of other peoples, NJQ$ a strange use of deity, NJJ.

)6):9*IO, its doubtful utility, NKN$ the beheading of

)nglish Uueens and a (ing$ rench performances on

the sca@old, NK5 $ the charge against :harles . of

poisoning the Dauphin, NKQ$ unfair punishments, N%1.

)6):9*IO)4, N%#.

)6'I/*IO, penances, and the sale of indulgences, N%5.

)6*4)?)8, and half >ay houses, the philosophy of, #01.

)T)(I), some singular passages in, #05.

/;). <7istory teaches us >hat mankind are$ fable

>hat they should be,< EEEvii. 5Q.

, the elder sister of history, Eiv. #0S.

/;9O98 /D 4)/ 7I8*O4+, E. Q1 $ the records of ;aby-

lon, of :hinese monuments, the reek sculptures, and

the stones of )gypt, Q#-Q%.

/:*IO, all men have a secret fascination for, Eiv. N0J.

8ects, fanaticisms, let loose by the 4eformation,

EEvii. JK.

1SN oltaire IndeE

/DI O4+.

<4ome soon must fall$

;ut ere I >ill attempt to be her master

I >ill eEtend her empire and her glory

/nd if I forge my countryBs chains, at least

ill cover them >ith laurels.<

:atiline, Evii. NS%.

/I4-)/*7)4 4I)D8. <?y numerous foes I

heed not, Btis my friends I have most cause to dread.<

:atiline, Evii. NSN.

/I4/6, 8I4 *7O?/8, 1Q1N-1QJ1, general of the 'arlia-

mentarian forces, EEviii. NK5.

/I*7, ho> the 7indoo acFuires, viii. #NJ.

oes,

/nd humbly bend myself before that po>er

ho >ounds to heal and strikes but to forgive.<

/lLire, Evii. QN.

/I*7 :94)8.

<;aits to allure the unthinking multitude,

;y knaves invented and by fools believed.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1JJ.

'O)4 O.

<o man but fought divested of all fear,

*heir bosoms glo>ed >ith superstitious pride,

or each believed the ord >as on his side.<

El. 1#Q.

/I*79 4I)D. <hereBer the gods lead, friend-

ship shall triumph oBer the >oes of mortals and the

>rath of heaven.< Orestes, Evii. 1S5.

/) 4O? 4/:).

<O, >ere I gifted >ith an iron tongue,

In ceaseless motion, still >ould neBer be sung,

Dear friend, the number of those saints >ho roam

In realms of hell, their everlasting home.<

*he ?aid of Orleans, El. 1K0.

/) IDO8.

<ear not the people, though they are doubtful no>,

heneBer the idol falls, they >ill detest him.<

:C)sar, EiE. 11K.

oltaire IndeE 1S#

/I;II*+.

<*he deepest >isdom

Is oft deceived.< :aesar, EiE. %K.

</8) D):4)*/8, *7),< viii. QK.

?essiahs, a clerical revie> of their claims, Ei. NS%.

sight common, but it takes a distorted intellect to mis-

take a co@ee pot for a church, Eiv. N5N.

/?).

<8uch is oft the fate

Of the best sovereigns$ >hilst they live respect

aits on their la>s, their &ustice is admired,

/nd they like gods are served, like gods adored,

;ut after death they sink into oblivion.<

C)dipus, Evi. 15Q.

/?I+ 4I7*8 /D 4O8 in the eighth and ninth cen-

turies, EEiv. 1S5.

/?I), 7orrors of. *he 7enriade, EEEviii. 15#.

//*I:I8?, a malady of the mind, caught in the same

>ay as small-poE, but a more destructive scourge,

iE. 1Q $ EEEviii. NS%, NQN. 8ee ;/4*7OO?) ?/88/:4),

*O)4/*IO.

/87IO mostly dictated by fancy rather than taste, Eiv. SJ.

<ashion, ?adam, is despised by >isdom $ I >ill obey

its ridiculous commands in my dress, perhaps, but not in

my sentiments$ no, it becomes a man to act like a

man, to preserve to himself his o>n taste and his o>n

thoughts.< anine, Eviii. %J.

/87IO/;) 4)IIO.

<ith such as you, salvationBs for the great,

*he poor alone can miss a blissful state.<

*he ature of irtue, EEEvi. 1%0.

/*/I8?. <+e immortal po>ers

*hat guide our steps, it is to your decrees

*hat I submit.< 8emiramis, Evii. N0K.

/*). <B*is not in mortals to resist their fate.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N1J.

of philosophy to be persecuted, Eii. 1KK. 8ee D)8-

*I+, I;)4*+, 4)) I.

/*)8, *7), their infernal occupation, E. NN.

1SS oltaire IndeE

/*7)47OOD O OD, brotherhood of man, formulated by

8t. 'ierre, Eiv. #Q.

/9*8. <Our faults are sometimes useful.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. NN0.

)/8* O OO8 in the early church, vi. #1S.

)O ))I.

<oes >hich ourselves have felt

e al>ays pity.< Taire, EiE. SN.

)I:I*/, saint and martyr, Ei. N15.

)?II) OI:. <:omparisons, madame, >ill never

pass for arguments.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1QN.

))O, /4:7;I87O', 1Q51-1J15, his style, EEE. %S$

EEEviii. NK#. 8ee U9I)*I8?.

)8*I/ O *7) 87)-O that suckled 4omulus and

4emus, E. KN.

)**)4)D 4))DO?.

<ove and nature

/re heavenBs Hrst great unalterable la>s

/nd cannot be reversed. *he rest are all

rom mortal man, and can be changed at pleasure.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1%K.

))4, its use in the divine economy, iE. S#.

I:*IO, charming >hen not pretending to be fact, iE, 51.

I:() /?). <:redit not the voice

Of ame, she is deceitful oft, and vain.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1SJ.

I)D O *7) :O*7 O OD, the gorgeous meeting of

rancis I. and 7enry III., EEvi. #1J.

I)D O I)8, *7), on >hich ouis the Debonnaire sur-

rendered to otharius, his son, >ho humiliated his

parents, EEiv. 15N$ the (ingBs penance, 155.

I)4+ :7/?;)4, *7), a tribunal for secret poisoners,

EEiii. 1J0.

I*))*7 :)*94+ )9D/I8?, EEvi. 1Q1 $ prevailed for

Hve centuries, 1Q# $ )urope at the close of the century,

1J0-NNQ.

I94)-7)/D8. <+ou had (ings

Indeed of old >ho gave up all their rights

/nd let their sub&ects rule.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. NNK.

oltaire IndeE 1S5

I94/*I) '/88/)8 I *7) ;I;), iE. QJ.

II/ 4)8'):* deeply rooted in the :hinese mind, EEiv.

#0.

I) 'OI*8 I 7)4)8+, E. S%$ >hy ten thousand :hris-

tians and a hundred thousand )gyptians >ere slaugh-

tered, E. 50.

I) O4D8.

</ll unite to praise,

;ut none >ill dare to succor.<

Orestes, Evii. K5.

I4? 4I)D.

<riendship reFuires a Hrmer mind than his.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1JN.

<I48* ')O') O *7) )/4*7.< <*his is treat-

ing other nations some>hat impolitely. +ou are a

brilliant and amiable people, and if you add modesty

to your graces, the rest of )urope >ill be highly

pleased >ith you.< EEEvii. %1.

I87 DI)* I )*, >hich is costly, >orks salvation for

the rich, >hen a poor man >ho eats cheap mutton is

damned, Eiv. 1%J.

/D)48, the conFuest of by ouis 6I., EEii. 1N0.

the >ar of 1JS1 in, EEEiii. KN$ invasion by ouis 6.,

1QJ.

/**)4)48.

<I hate tyrants much, but Aatterers more.<

X-;rutus, Ev. NQ5.

/*9):), the 4oman od of, Eii, NS0.

)94+, :/4DI/, 1Q5#-1JS#, statesman and churchman,

EEE. 155, 1KS$ EEEiii. N%, SK, 10S, 1N#.

OOD, O/7B8, a tremendous miracle-tragedy, viii. J0.

O+.

< O thou dull olly, goddess ever blind,

'arent through every age of humankind.<

a icelle, El. 10%.

O*/), ?/D/?OI8)( D), and ouis 6I., EEiii. 1JQ.

O*))), ;)4/4D, 666vi&i. NKY.

O*)O+, ;/**) O, ouis 6. at the, <ar of 1JS1,<

IS Q oltaire IndeE

EEEiii. NN5$ the )nglish salute their rench enemy

and invite them to Hre Hrst$ the rench reply, B entle-

men, >e never Hre Hrst, do you begin,< N#K$ aftt

but losing the battle the rench, under ?arshal 8aEe,

snatched Hnal victory, the (ing and his sons >itness-

ing the Hght, N5J. *his victory determined the fate

of the >ar and paved the >ay for the conFuest of the

etherlands, EEEvi. 15Q. 8ee </4 O 1JS1-<

O*)4/D, /;;)+ O, note, El. 1#1.

OO8.

<ools are incapable of love.

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1JN.

<*he more fools there are, the more one laughs.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1JJ-

OO 4I)D8.

< *o keep my friends >ithin the pale of prudence

ill cost me much more trouble.<

:atiline, Evii. NSS.

O4:), physical and mental, Hre >hich >aEes colder >ith

age, iE. loo.

decides popular doctrine, until reason is strong enough

to disarm force, Eiv. #N.

and liberty$ churches seek to coerce, but religion pre-

sumes free choice, Eiii. 115.

O4)I /?)8 I) ;+ *7) M)8 *O *7)I4 D)I*+, Eiv.

11#.

O4)**I, /4* O.

<?y philosophy is, remember nothing.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N#S.

O4?/I*+ /D :)4)?OI)8 Aourish in proportion to the

barbarism of people, vii. #%.

O4*9). <ortune makes us blindly play her terrible

game, and >e never see beneath the cards,< Eiv. %N.

O4/4D.

<*hou art entered in the paths of glory,

/nd to retreat >ere fatal.< :atiline, Evii. N5J.

O9U9)*, I:O/8, ?arFuis of ;elle Isle, 1Q15-1QK0, Hnan-

cier under ouis 6I. 7e sFuandered the revenues

oltaire IndeE 1SJ

of the 8tate and used them as his o>n proper income $

but he still had much greatness of soul, EEiii. 1NS$ the

(ing caressed him before his disgrace, EEii. 8ee

</) O ouis.<

O94 7/''+ /)8, that of ancient reece under 'ericles$

that of 4ome under the :aesars, that of ?ahomet II.

and the ?edici, and that of ouis 6I., EEii. 5.

O94*))*7 :)*94+, state of rance and )ngland,

EEvi. 5$ invasion of rance by )ngland, 1K$ :harles

I. had attacks of homicidal mania, his adventure at

a masFuerade, doctored by sorcery, 1#%#, NN $ 7enry .

of )ngland at /gincourt, 1S15, NS$ death of :harles,

1SNN, #1$ :harles II. and Moan of /rc, #N$ manners

and customs, SN.

4/I ?/.

<;elieve me, >e must hope for naught

rom men, but through their >eakness and their

follies.< ;rutus, Ev. NJ0.

4/:), )cclesiastical a@airs in$ inAuence of ouis 6I.

on the clergy reduces them to a state of order and

decency, EEi. %0$ the churchBs vast >ealth and its un-

fair distribution bet>een laLy monks and hard->ork-

ing country priests, %# $ loans to the (ings, %S $ regal

right to beneHces and their proHts, %J$ >ar bet>een

(ing and the bishops >ho eEcommunicated him, %K$



the Mansenists, loo$ rival claims of the 'ope and the

:hurch of rance to supremacy, 101 $ t>enty-nine sees

>ithout bishops >hen ouis 6I. died in 1QK%, 10# $

ho> they >ere reconciled to 4ome, 10S$ gradual re-

volt against the more superstitious practices $ the

;ishop of :halons caused to be thro>n a>ay the relic

>hich had been for ages >orshipped in the church of

otre Dame as Mesus :hristBs navel, 10Q.

and the population Fuestion, Eii. N51.

in tenth and eleventh centuries, the marriage of (ing

4obert and his cousin ;ertha, EEiv. NSJ$ he is given

seven years penance or eEcommunication, NSK$ the re-

sult >as that all his courtiers deserted him, only t>o

1SK oltaire IndeE

servants remained, >ho thre> the leavings of his

plates into the Hre, in dread of contact >ith >hat had

been touched by an eEcommunicated person, NSK $ royal

divorces, NS%$ regory II. absolves 4obert, NQ1.

under feudalism, EEv. S5.

in the siEteenth century, EEviii. #%$ rancis II. and

ouis, 'rince of :onde, as :alvinists$ the conspiracy

of /raboise, S1$ the battle of DreuE, 51$ ferocity of

the times, massacre of 8t. ;artholome>Bs day.

under 4ichelieu, state of society, EEviii. N1N. 8ee

4I:7)I)9.

gives lavish assistance in men and money to :harles

II., <ar of 1JS1,< EEEiii. %S.

from 1J50 to 1JQN, EEE. N11$ :hurch and 8tate

troubles, N1#. 8ee </) O ouis< and vols. EEEi,

EEEii, EEEiii, EEEvii, EEEviii, EEEiE, El, Eli.

4/:I8 I., 1S%S-15SJ, rival of :harles ., EEvii. 10$ visits

7enry III., n$ seiLes avarre, loses it soon, is short

of money, 1S$ sustains defeats at the hands of :harles,

1K$ held po>er in Italy until beaten at 'avia, 15N5, his

bravery, N0$ is imprisoned in ?adrid, NN$ surrenders

territory under the treaty of :ambray, NJ$ burns

utherans in a slo> Hre, #N$ meeting >ith :harles .

in 15#%, bought a peace >ith )ngland, and died soon

after 7enry III., SN$ EEE. QN, Q5, K0$ note, Eli. 100.

4/:I8 DB/88I88I, 8*., 11KN-1NNQ, proposes the Hre test to

the )gyptian priests, EEv. 1NK.

4/:I8 6/I)4, 8*., 150Q-155N, a man >orthy of venera-

tion, EEi. NKN.

4/*)4I*+.

<In universal ills like these,

(ings are but men, and only can partake

*he common danger.< :)dipus, Evi. 155.

4)D)4I: *7) 4)/*, 1J1N-1JKQ.

hom I long time have kno>n,

*he most amiable (ing that eBer sat on a throne.<

*o rederic the reat, EEEvi. 1%K.

his praise of the <7enriade,< EEEviii. J, 1Q1. 8ee i. 1K$

'O)?8, )**)48, ?I8:)/I)8.

oltaire IndeE 1S%

4)D)4I:( II/? O '4988I/, 1QKK-1JS0, EEE. 1%0.

4))DO? O I, a po>erful dialogue on, Ei. 1N1, Eii. 5N.

8ee I;)4*+.

4)) ')O'), /, should have fe>er titles and ceremonies,

vii. S5.

4)) *7I(I. <*hink for yourselves, and let

others en&oy the privilege to do so, too.< EEEvii. 1QN.

>as encouraged and practiced among the 4omans,

Eiii. NJJ.

4)) *O)4/*IO, EEEviii. N5S.

4)) I, <like that of a cork in a strong current,<

viii. KQ, iE. 1KK, Ei. 1%S, Eii. 5N. 8ee I;)4*+.

< ?y duty calls, and that shall be obeyed $

?an may be free, if he resolves to be so.<

;rutus, Ev. N5Q.

4):7 O)4?)*, revolutioniLed in the fourteenth

century, EEvi. J1.

the, had no share in the great discoveries or inven-

tions of the other nations for nine centuries, EEii. 10.

language o>es its adoption by )urope to rench men

of letters driven out of their o>n country, EEEvii. 10,

%%$ improvements in, EEE. KQ.

and reek tragedy, EEEvii. 1N#, 1#0.

poetry perfection of musical rhyme, Eiii. %1.

4):7 I/:I*+.

< In champagne froth observers see

*he emblem of rench vivacity.<

*he orldling, EEEvi. KK.

4)4O, )I/ :/*7)4I), Mesuit and >riter, note, El. N1%$

Eii. 1K#, 1%#.

4I)D87I', <marriage of the soul, liable to divorce,<

iE. 1#J.

4IOI*+, <a beneHcent gift of 'rovidence enabling us

to forget unendurable miseries of reAection,< iE. 1#%.

9)4/ O4/*IO ;+ O*/I4), EEEvii. NJ.

94I)8, *7), housekeepers of hell, E. NN.

9*94) '9I87?)*, >ill >e, our same selves, be there

to receive it! E. 11Q.

150 oltaire IndeE

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+. :ontinued.

O. III. /;) /8I*+.

.

/;), more ancient than reliable history, viii. #11$ reek

and 4oman fables, ^sopBs and a ontaineBs, #1S$



fanatical ob&ections to the ancient fabulists, #1J.

/:*IO, di@erentiated from party, #NN.

/:9*+, our ability to furnish Hne-sounding eEplanations

of things >e do not in the least understand, #N#.

/I*7, belief in Deity not faith but reason, #NQ $ t>o kinds

of faith, #NJ$ ho> the pious 7indu gets saved by

faith, #NK $ submissive incredulity, ##0$ story from an

old book, ##1.

/8I*+, >here it di@ers from a lie, ### $ historians falsify,

philosophers only err, ##S$ the claim that good men

are only to be found among :hristians, ##5.

O. I6. //*I:I8? 4IOI*+.

//*I:I8?, the e@ect of a false conscience, iE. 5 $ one

impostor generates a horde of half-fools, half-Hends

in embryo, J$ centuries of atrocities and persecutions

caused by craLy faith in crafty apers of divinity, pro-

voking eFually lamentable hostility, 10$ :iceroBs use of

the >ord, 1#$ historical eEamples, 1Q$ the 8t. ;arth-

olome> massacre, fanaticism >hen it gets the upper

hand, 1Q$ :rom>ellBs secret, NQ$ story of the enormous



giant, #0.

/:+, its various meanings, #0.

/8*I, its original signiHcation, #N.

/*7)48, mothers, children$ possible eEceptions to the

Hfth commandment, #S.

/O4, avorite, implying unearned beneHts, #J.

)/8*8, the old-time 8aintBs day &unketing impoverished

the crops, #%$ a >eaverBs petition against too many

holidays, SN.

oltaire IndeE 151

)44/4/, the Duchy of, ill-used by the 'ope and 7enry

I., S5-

))4, liable to be created by the e@ort to understand its

eEistence in a divinely ordered universe, SK.

I:*IO, the enchanting stories of old, and their tame



successors, 51.

I)4*), of manner, is bumptiousness$ of spirit, is doubtful$

of soul, is greatness, 5#.

I94), or form, of the earth, theories and eEperiments of

'lato, /ristotle, 4icher, 7uygens, e>ton, et al., 5S.

I94)D, Hgurative, in poetry, QS.

I94) I *7)OO+, curious eEamples in the Old *esta-

ment, QJ $ symbolism of the )gyptians, :hinese, Iro-

Fuois, and the early athers, QK.

I/ :/98)8, the argument for a divine artiHcer, J5$

but man >as not created to be killed in >ar, K%.

I)88), ineness, deHnition of$ the art of suggesting

>ithout eEpressing a thought, K%.

I4), oltaire asks if electricity is not the source of all

sensation, and if sensation is not the origin of thought,

%#-



I4?)88 O 8*+) O4 ?ID, not hardness, %5.

/**)4+, at its height under )mperor /ugustus and

ouis 6I., %J.

O4:), physical, the mystery of, %K.

strength, in character and art->ork. /nimal spirits

are probably Hre, >hich declines >ith age, 100.

4/:7I8), various meanings of, 10N.

4/:I8 6/I)4. 150Q-155N, the /postle of the Indies,

;onhourBs history of, 10#$ his travels and triumphs,

105$ eight children raised from the dead, 10K$ lesser

miracles, 10%.

4/(8, rance, rench. oss of the aul name, no$

origin of the ranks, 115$ :harlemagne a erman,

11Q$ the rench, even the 'arisians, >ere once a se-

rious people, 11%.

4/9D. *he arguments of akir ;ambabef, >ho held that

the people need to be deceived, and of hang, the

15N oltaire IndeE

:onfucian, >ho said that deception is >rong, 1N# $ the

politic necessity for a od, 1NK.

4))-I, >e do an act, or >e do not, not being free to

>ill that >e >onBt do either, 1NK$ liberty is the po>er

of acting$ ho> >ill is formed, >ho kno>s! 1#0.

4):7 /9/)$ its origin and gro>th, 1#N.

4I)D87I', the marriage of the soul, liable to divorce, 1#J.

4IOI*+, >ithout it eEistence >ould be too depressing

to be endured, 1#%.


/;4I)) DB)8*4))8, 15J1-15%%, and 7enry I., <*7)

7)4I/D),< EEEviii. 1#N.

/I)O, 15QS-1QSN, (epler, e>ton, :opernicus, Eiv. S0.

< 'oor alileo, harassed in old age,

ho claims forgiveness >ith a heart contrite,

Mustly condemned for being in the right.<

a 'ucelle, El. 10K, 1NJ.

//*4+, ho> it degraded the rench drama, EEEvii.

1#0.

/4D) O )D), >hy >e >ere chased out by the best of

all possible ods, Eii. KN.

/88)DI, 'I)44), 15%N-1Q55, EEEviii. NKJ.

))4/ 7I8*O4I)8, :oncluding otes on the, EEE. NSJ.

8ee </:I)* /D ?OD)4 7I8*O4+.<

)I98 is :/'/:I*+, iE. 1%Q$ is possessed by fe> men

and fe>er >omen, Eii. NNQ.

the )nglish, EEEvi. loo.

)*))88. <entle means

/re ever the most po>erful.<

/lsire, Evii. S#.

)*) ;4))D.

< ;e courteous and a@able to the poor $ are they

ot men as >ell as yourself!<

anine, Eviii. 1SK.

oltaire IndeE 15#

)*) I98IO.

< 8ince to error >eBre consigned

et us some pleasing errors Hnd.<

*o EEEvi. N11.

)7I8 (7/, 11QN-1NNJ rise of, EEv. 1#N$ head of the

*artar hordes, 1NN0, 15#$ his religious and military

discipline, 155 $ a great statesman and conFueror, de-

stroys ;okhara, 15K$ had subdued half of :hina and

7indostan, 'ersia and 4ussia in eighteen years, 15%$

Died at seventy, 1Q1 $ EEiE. NQN.

)O?)*4+, the claims of Descartes and e>ton eEam-

ined, EEEvii. 1Q%.

)4?/ )?'I4), *7), and its Hefs, EEiv. N1Q. 8ee O*7O

*7) 4)/*.

)4?/+ 9D)4 49DO'7 II., 15JQ, a student of astron-

omy under *ycho ;rahe, EEviii. NNQ$ its thirty yearsB

>ar, N#5.

)4?I/*IO. <ot that IBm in love >ith her, but

there is no parting from her >ithout some uneasiness,

a kind of anEiety I never felt before $ thereBs something

very eEtraordinary in it.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. K5.

)/8.

< e>ga>s >hich strike the vulgar eyes,

;ut >hich all men of taste despise.<

*he *emple of *aste, EEEvi. SJ.

7O8*8. <'rodigies Comens never appear to those

>ho dread them not.< 8emiramis, Evii. 1JJ.

of the 8aints scatter death among those >ho meddled

>ith their tombs, Eiii. 5%.

I/*, story of the terrible, never seen, therefore fervidly

believed in, iE. #0.

ID)O, his masterly strategical tactics, note, El. %#.

I*8 O 8O)4)I*I)8 *O *7) 'O')8, Italy, 4ome, aples,

)ngland and Ireland, viii. 15Q.

I4/4D, M)/ ;/'*I8*8, a Mesuit >ho >as guiltless of

sorcery, note, El. %1.

15S oltaire IndeE

I4 4/D9/*). <8heBs so clever, IBm afraid to

speak.< anine, Eviii. 1N5.

O4IO98 /4, its inherent absurdity, Eiv. 1%S.

O4+ ;)8*O)D O D)I*+ by 8elf-8eeking ?an iE. N0S.

O4+ )/4)D.

< *he love of glory is my ruling passion,

ame is the fair re>ard of human toil,

/nd I >ould >ish to merit it from you.<

:atiline, Evii. NK#.

O/*8, *7). ;eFuests of money to the :hurch to save the

donor from being placed among the goats after death,

EEiv. 1#0.

O/* O487I', iE. N0%.

OD4)+ O ;O9IO, d. noo, Duke of Merusalem, EEv.

10S.

OD.

< odBs mercy I adore, revere 7is la>,

/pproach 7im, mortals, >ith a grateful a>e.<

*he ature of 'leasure, EEEvi. NSN.

the philosophical and politic necessity for, iE. 1NK.

necessity of believing in, iE. NS0$ the universal prin-

ciple of all things, E. 10%, 11#$ operation of 'rovi-

dence, Ei. 1KK-1%5 $ stupidity not to recogniLe and

adore the 8upreme 'o>er, Eiii. QS $ Ei. 1K1, 1KK. 8ee

D)I*+, DII) 'O)4, 4)) I, ?/.

OD O ;/**)8. <*he od of ars is alor.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. 1SK.

OD O ')/:).

<*hinkest thou to rule them >ith an iron hand

/nd serve a od of peace >ith >ar and slaughter!<

/lLire, Evii. J.

OD :OI Hrst struck in )urope by )d>ard III. of )ng-

land, EEvi. Q%.

OD) ;9, *7), EEiE. N%0.

OD) :/, *7), note, Eli. 15Q.

OD) ?)/. *7).

< 'etroniusBs pleasure IBd avoid no less

*han )pictetusBs austere eEcess $

oltaire IndeE 155

atal to happiness is either scheme,

;liss never >as found in the eEtreme.<

*he ature of 'leasure, EEEvi. NS5.

OD-'/*)D /9*8. <ell, no matter$ >hat does

it signify! /ll these faults are nothing >hen people

are rich.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1SQ.

OD) 8I):). </t court, my dear, the most nec-

essary art is not to talk >ell, but to kno> ho> to

hold oneBs tongue.< *he *oiler, Eviii. NQS.

OD8?I*7, OI)4, 1JNK-1JJS, his deftly eEpressed epi-

gram, Eiv. N#S.

on oltaire, i. #N.

OOD :O?'/+. <*his >orld is composed of knaves,

fanatics, and idiots, among >hom there is a little

separate society called ood :ompany.<

)ssays, EEEvii. N51.

<'lundered by >hom! ho>! >hen! >here! Oh

from mere goodness of heart $ our thieves >ere mighty

honest creatures, amiable triAers, gamesters, bottle

companions, agreeable story-tellers, men of >it and

>omen of beauty.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1K5.

OOD-DOI.

< ?y heart once more

8hall taste its noble happiness, the best

/nd fairest treasure of the virtuous mind,

*he happiness to succor the oppressed.<

?ariamne, Evi. N1K.

OOD )O8, the free-thinker ;ishop avardin founded

the order of, Eii. 11Q.

OOD 8)8) O *7)I8?, >hich never persecutes, Eiv. K0.

O4*T, 7)4+ D), the able counsellor of :harles 6II. of

8>eden, EEi. N1 $ advises the (ing to purchase a peace

from the :Lar, NS$ his grand scheme to gain allies

for the (ing, N%$ arrested by the 8tates eneral of

rance, ## $ released, and forms a plan to gain a peace

in the interest of the :Lar, #J $ raises money by putting

the value of one copper cent up to that of eighty, #K$

15Q oltaire IndeE

is hated by the people but trusted by the (ing, S0$

after the death of :harles, is beheaded, by decree of

the 8enate at 8tockholm, 5N.

O89, ;I87O', a ninth century man of valor >ith battle

aEe and arro>s, EEiv. 1J1.

O8') O *7) I/:+, and Hfty other conAicting gos-

pels in the early history of :hristianity, vii. 11N$ the

)arly athers and the false gospels, iE. NQK$ the gos-

pel according to icodemus, E. #S$ 8t. MohnBs ospel,

its philosophy borro>ed from 'lato, E. 55.

O88I'. </y, but the >orld >ill talk, madam.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N05.

O94D8, >hy they gro> high here and lo> there, iE, #0#.

O)4I ;/D+ under good la>s, iE. NJJ.

O)4?)* 8+8*)?8 /D *7)O4I)8, the ideal yet to be

found, Eiii. ##N.

of ouis 6I. EEiii. N#0.

thoughts on, EEEvii. NNQ.

4/*I :74I8*I/ ?)/I8 into pagan superstitions,

Eiii. 5K.

4/D ?O/4U9), *7), his personal appearance and man-

ner, EEiii. 11S.

4/8')48.

< *he greedy :rassus, grasping his large heaps

Of ill-got >ealth, enough to purchase 4ome

/nd all her venal sons.< :atiline, Evii. NSJ.

4)/* 4I)D8.

 the great too >ell. In their misfortunes

o friends so >arm, but in prosperity

9ngrateful oft, they change to bitterest foes$

e are the servile tools of their ambition,

hen useless, thro>n aside >ith proud disdain.<

;rutus, Ev. N51.

4)/* ?). <:haracters of great men are al>ays

vie>ed in a false light during their lifetime.<

)ssays, EEEvii. 1SJ.

4)/*)88, a hack->ord commonly misapplied to medioc-

rity, iE. #1%.

oltaire IndeE 15J

< *is but a step from triumph to disgrace.<

:cesar, EiE. %K.

4)/*)88 O / /*IO.

< *hat reverence and attachment to the 8tate,

*hat sacred name of country, >hich a>akes

*he sense of honor in each patriot breast.<

:atiline, Evii. NQQ.

4)):), under the Ottomans, EEE. n.

4))( :794:7, state of the, before :harlemagne, EEiv.

K%$ ceremonial di@erences bet>een it and the atin

:hurch$ their Fuarrels >ere over >ords more than

principles, %0$ image >orship led to imaginary miracle

>orking, %N.

the, of 4ussia, its area and strength, EEEiv. QN.

drama, EEEvi. 1#1.

)mpire, fall of the, ?ichael 'alaeologus, his un>orthy

statesmanship in submitting the claims of the reek

:hurch to the 'opes, EEvi. KJ$ 8ultan /murath, K%.

atin and erman >ords signifying soul, Eiii. NQQ.

4))(8, of all the people in the >orld, had the Fuickest

feeling, Ev. Q.

4)O4I/ :/)D/4, *7), its correction of the Mulian,

EEiE. NS.

4)O4+ II., 'O'), d. 10K5, the Hrebrand of )urope, iE.

#N%$ rise of 7ildebrand, the famous 'ope, EEv. J$

absolves (ing 4obert after his eEcommunication,

EEiv. NQN$ iE. #N%. 8ee 7ID);4/D$ 7)4+ I., )?-

')4O4.

I6., 'ope, <*7) 7)4I/D),< EEEviii. Q1.

4I).

< e seldom try to mitigate a grief

hich >e contemn.< /melia, Evi. 1#%-

4I)B8 8I)* /9/), tears, Eiv. Q%.

4I8), /;;), and /bbe la :oste, note, Eli. 1%5.

4I*. <rongs unrevenged

*o them are insupportable, and death

?ore >elcome far than infamy.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N##.

15K oltaire IndeE

4O')48 I *7) D/4(.

< *hese priests are not >hat the vile rabble think them,

*heir kno>ledge springs from our credulity.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1KJ.

4O*I98, 79O, 15K#-1QS5, on the rights of man, Eiii. 10K $

EEiE. Q#.

(9; 8*4))*. *he lo> state of hack >riting in the eight-

eenth century$ libelling as a livelihood, EEE. 15N.

9)88)8 at the origin of the universe, Eii. K#. 8ee OD,

)I, 4)) I, I;)4*+.

9I8), D9() O, the conspiracy of 15Q0, EEviii. SN, JN, JS$

assassinated, K#$ <*he 7enriade,< EEEviii. S0.

98*/98 /DO'798, 15%S-1Q#N, a conFueror, EE. 1Q$ per-

formed the deeds for >hich :ardinal 4ichelieu got

the credit, 1J$ EEiE. J#.

98*/98, /8/, 1S%Q-15Q0, a great soul, a born monarch,

EE. 15$ delivered his people and >as made (ing$

substituted utheranism for :atholicism, 1Q.

9+O, ?/D/?), 1QSK-1J1J, and Uuietism$ the good

>oman >ho brought a torch to burn 'aradise and

a bo>l of >ater to eEtinguish hell Hre, that od

should no longer be >orshipped through hope or

fear, Eiv. N05. 8ee ))O, U9I)*I8?.



+'8I)8, )gyptians, ;ohemians, EEE. 50.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. I6. :ontinued //* 4)O4+.

.

//*, various shades of meaning, 1S0.

/4/*9/, *7) 4)/*$ the 8eine still eEists from >hich

he drank, yet there are doubting *homases >ho re-

fuse credence to his historian, 4abelais, 1SN.

/T)**)8, pioneers of modern ne>spapers, 1SQ.

))/O+, the unsatisfactory >ork of ?atthe> and uke,

1S%$ ;uddha born of a virgin, 15#$ impregnation

through the ear, say /ugustine and 'ope eliE, 155$

/dam the ancestor of ?ahomet, 15K.

oltaire IndeE 15%

))8I8, eEamination of the ;iblical account, 15%$ the

'hoenicians, :haldeans, and 7indus, and their siE

periods of creation, 1QQ$ serpent the ancient emblem

of life, 1J1$ )lohim, 1JJ$ oah and the rainbo>, 1J%$

8odom $ otBs >ife, 1K1 $ /braham and 8arah, 1K#.

)II, as easily to be believed in as good and fallen an-

gels, 1KK.

)I98, or demon$ /ugustine on /puleius, 1%N$ is genius

anything but capacity! 1%Q.

)O4/'7+, modern increase of kno>ledge, admitted in

this, is disputed in another direction, 1%%.

O4+, glorious. :aesar and /leEander glorious, 8ocra-

tes only to be venerated, N00$ our belittling of Deity

by saying 7e hankers after it, N0S$ the :hinese >ho

had not heard of little Mudea, N05.

O/*, sorcery$ curious legends of goat >orship, N0%.

OD, gods $ belief in od derived from reason, N15 $ our

ignorance of the Divine nature, N1Q$ universal belief

in a Deity, silliness of anthropomorphism, N1K$ /u-

gustine against gods, NN0$ :iceroBs belief, NNN$ 8pin-

oLaBs philosophy eEamined, NNS $ ?irabaudBs <8ystem

of ature< eEamined, N#1 $ story of the eels on >hich

the system is founded, N#5 $ necessity of believing in

a 8upreme ;eing$ 7obbesB opinion of od in the con-

stitution, NS0$ eEalted conception of Deity, NSJ$ dia-

logue of the simple Dondinac and the learned ogo-

machos, NSK$ the ant and the mole discuss architec-

ture, N5N.

OOD, the sovereign good, the philosophy of happiness,

N5N$ a problem for /rchimedes, N5S$ the sovereign

good chimera, N5J.

and evil, physical and moral, N5%$ the necessity of

pain, NQS.

O8'), the early athers and the false gospels, NQK.

O)4?)*, origin of, NJ1 $ let him govern >ho can, NJJ $

singular doings under an ideal modern government,

NJK$ parable of the eagle, the vultures, the o>l, and

the birds they ruled, NKN$ picture of the )nglish gov-

iQo oltaire IndeE



ernment, NK5 $ its love of liberty, N%1 $ the 7ouse of

:ommons embodying the po>er of the people, N%N$

advent of the priest in politics, N%Q$ ?agna :harta

eEtorted from Mohn by the barons, N%K$ ho> a happy

community >as eEtinguished by the InFuisition, #0N.

O94D, :alabash$ >hy they gro> high here, and lo>

there, #0#.

4/:), in its various signiHcations, #0S.

Cof in the theological sense, #0K$ 7omer as a theo-

logian, #11$ imputing partiality to od, #1S.

4/), gravity, various meanings, #1J.

4)/*, greatness, common misapplication of the term to

mediocrity, #1%$ various signiHcations, #NN.

4))(, on the eEtinction of the reek language at ?ar-

seilles, #NS.

9/4/*)), its derivation and uses, #NJ.

4)O4+ II., d. 10K5, the Hrebrand of )urope, but a

great man, #N%$ estimate of his character and career,

##=6 8ee 7lD);4/D.


7

7/I4, importance of keeping it uncut, Eiv. JS.

7/?, >hy he >as changed from a >hite to a black man,

iE. N5.

7/?)*, plan of the tragedy$ resembles that of the

<)lectra,< its construction analyLed $ the >hole glory

of the play due to 8aEo, the grammarian, >hose story

8hakespeare has merely turned into dialogue $ 7am-

letBs soliloFuy as translated by oltaire, EEEiE. 1NS.

8ee )I87 8*9DI)8, Dramatic :onstruction.

<It is a gross and barbarous piece, and >ould never

be borne by the lo>est of the rabble in rance or

Italy. 3 3 3 +et >e Hnd in B7amlet,B >hich is

still more strange and unaccountable, some sublime

strokes >orthy of the greatest genius.<

)ssays, EEEvii. 1#Q.

oltaire IndeE 1Q1

criticism of its plan, EEEiE. 1NN-1JS.

7/?/, *7), a doubtful benefactor, viii. NKN.

7/'')I8. <;y >hat arm

od sends us help, it matters not$ for &ustice

ith >isdom oft conspires to dra> advantage

/like from our misfortunes, and our crimes.<

Taire, EiE. #%.

7/''I)4 *7/ O?)! /re men, E. Q.

7/''I)88.

ith a thousand cares.

.... hen I >as a poor unkno>n

I >as more happy.< Orphan of :hina, Ev. N15.

?ake the most of it >hile it lasts, iE. N5N.

7/''+ /)8, O94, those in >hich the arts >ere carried

to perfection, EEii. 5.

7/''+ 8O98. <*hose >ho >ant nothing never can

be poor.< *he 8cotch oman, Eviii. #5.

7/4O9-/-4/8:7ID, contemporary >ith :harlemagne,

EEiv. QN.

7/4'I)8, *7), note, Eli. N5%.

7/8*) 8O+. ith the hasty mul-

titude.< C)dipus, Evi. 1JQ.

7/8*I8, ;/**) O, 10QQ, EEiv. NJN.

7)/*7, *o ')8*O4), simple diet and soft >ater, Eiii. #%.

<oddess >ho dost make blest the earth,

7ealth, >ho to temperance o>est thy birth.<

*o 'resident 7enault, EEEvi. NKS.

7)/*7+ O4 I8). </ gracious od should make

his creatures happy.< 'andora, Evii. #0N.

7)/4*, *7).

<*hus od, to >hom each man his being o>es,

In every heart the seeds of virtue so>s.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. NQ.

7)/4*-;4)/(. <*he heart oppressed is ever di-

dent.< /lsire, Evii. NN.

7)/4*-7O).

<IBd sooner die$ my lifeBs at thy command

;ut not my heart.< /melia, Evi. 1N1.

oltaire IndeE

7)/), curious conceptions of the ancients, E. %.

7)/)B8 8/:*IO.

<*hat old pretense through all revolving time,

Divine religion, veiled the horrid crime.<

*he 7enriadc, EEEviii. SN.

7)/)-8)*! <O, heaven >hat >oes dost thou in-

Aict upon me.< Taire, EiE. JN.

7);4), the athers of the :hurch ignorant of 7e-

bre>, eEcept Merome, Origen, and )phrem, Eiii. 1%.

7);4)8, the remarkable nation, E. NQQ $ their history, EEi.

1%#$ philosophy, N0J$ idolatry, N0K. 8ee M)8.

7), as constructed by the reeks, E. N1 $ and reconstitut-

ed by Mesus, NS-##.

7)-4OO8* a perfect representation of a monarchy, Ei. KJ.

<7enriade, *he,< )pic of rance, in *en :antos$

Dedications to ouis 6I. and Uueen :aroline of

)ngland, EEEviii. Introduction, 5.

:anto i. p. % $ ii. N# $ iii. #K $ iv. 5# 5 v. J0 $ vi. K# $ vii.

%Q$ viii. 115$ iE. 1#N$ E. 1SS.

)**)48 O O*/I4) *O /D 4O? DI8*I9I87)D

')48O8 lQ1

;98I)88 )**)48 E ^5

/:-8I?I) O O*/I4)B8 7/D4I*I N#0

?I8:)/)O98 '/')48

O 8'IOT/ N#1

O *7) )6I8*):) O OD N#K

*7) /?II)8 O ://8 /D 8I4) NS5

//*I:I8? NS%

)I M94I8'49D):) N5N

4)) *O)4/*IO N5S

/*I-*O)4/*IO N5K

'/4*+ 8'I4I* NQN

O*)8 O 8O?) 4I*)48 I *7) /) O ouis

6I NQJ

7)4+ I. O 4/:), 155#-1Q10, hero of <*he 7enriade $<

before he >as (ing, deHance of the 'ope, EEviii. J%$

his victory at :outras, K0$ born to trouble, %1$ in a

battle at fourteen, 15Q%$ three years a prisoner of state,

often in eEtreme destitution, succeeded to the throne

oltaire IndeE 1Q#

on the murder of 7enry III., %N$ a rival (ing set

up against him, gives battle to armies >ith a devoted

handful of men, %#$ defeated the eaguers at Ivry

by personal bravery, %S$ the >hite plume of avarre

a merciful victor, %5 $ besieges 'aris, %5 $ his amour

>ith abrielle DB)strees, %Q, 100$ intrigues of 'hilip

II., %J$ 7enry drives the Duke of 'arma out of

rance, %J$ for reasons of state 7enry becomes a

:atholic, %%$ <his conversion doubtless secured his

eternal >elfare, but it added nothing to his right to

the cro>n,< 101 $ entered 'aris as (ing, 15%S, 10N$

yet had the enmity of 'ope and church, had to Hght

for his eEistence against armies and >ould-be assas-

sins, 10# $ success at last, 10S $ <the bravest, most mer-

ciful, most upright, most honest man of his age,< 105 $

convenes an assembly of the states-general, 10Q$ is

given a Hne army, >ith >hich he drives out 8panish



invaders of /miens, 10K$ his beneHcent reign, >hat

he did for the nation, 10%$ motives of those >ho

sought his murder, 115$ is assassinated by 4availlac,

a fanatical mendicant friar, 1Q10, 1N1. 8ee ?)DI:I,

?/4+ D).

and the 'ope, their in&ustice to errara, iE. S5$ anec-

dotes of 7enry, v. 1JJ$ a soldier lover, EEE. NJ#,

NJQ, 4availlac, NK1 $ note, Eli. 10S.

7)4+ *7) O)4, %N%$ a >orthy prince, EEiv. N1%.

7)4+ III. O 4/:), 1551-15K%, and the murder of the

Duke of uise, EEviii. JQ$ is assassinated by a friar,

KK.

7)4+ II. O )/D, 11##-11K%, EEiE. N5N.

7)4+ . O )/D, 1#KK-1SNN, battle of /gincourt,

EEvi. NS$ (ing of rance and )ngland, died in his

thirty-fourth year, #1.

7)4+ II. O )/D, 1S5Q-150%, his avarice, shre>d-

ness, and success, EEvi. NQS.

7)4+ III. O )/D, 1S%1-15SJ, and the ecclesias-

tical upset, EEvii. %N$ his eEperiments in marriage

and divorce, %#$ his theological battles >ith the

1QS oltaire IndeE

'opes, %Q$ causes himself to be declared supreme

head of the :hurch in )ngland, a fatal blo> to 'apal

po>er, %K$ his despotic spoliation of the religious

houses, 100$ a trimmer bet>een the :atholic and

utheran principles, 101 $ his persecutions and re-

venges, 10N$ eEecution of /nne ;oleyn after illegitl-

matiLing )liLabeth, 10S$ his absolute control of 'ar-

liament and the :hurch authority, 105.

7)4+ *7) I?'O*)*, O 8'/I, 1S5S, EEvi. 1JN$ his

>ooden egy publicly deposed, 1J#.

7M)4/:I98, )?')4O4, 5J5-QS1, dead, his >ido> poisoned

her son-in-la>, for >hich her tongue >as cut out

and her sonBs nose slit, all because of the dispute

>hether Mesus had t>o >ills, >ith his t>o natures,

Eiv. NN1.

7)4)/*)4.

<*hou seest I am descending to the grave,

*o seek the (ing of (ings, and ask of 7im

*he due re>ard of all my su@erings past.<

Taire, EiE. SS.

7)4)DI*+.

<?anBs born to err, the potterBs forming hand,

8oft earth is far less able to >ithstand,

*han can the mind resist the potent s>ay

Of pre&udice, >hich mortals still obey.<

*he *emple of *aste, EEEvi. Q1.

7)4)8+, the bloodthirsty cant-cry of the :hurch in its

strong days, E. #Q.

7)4)*I:8 O97* *O ;) (I)D, E. N#S $ marriages >ith, Ei.

1%J$ had no rights eEcept to death, Eiii. 110.

7)4)*I:8.

<8ee an InFuisitor, >ith air benign

7is neighborBs body to the Aames consign$

?uch sorro> at the tragic scene he sho>s,

;ut takes the money to assuage his >oes.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #N.

7)4?/'7ODI*)8, Eiv. JS.

7)4ODI/8, vii. 1##.

oltaire IndeE 1Q5

7)4ODO*98, ;. :. SK0-S0K, his amaLing stories on circum-

cision, vii. 1%1 $ viii. 1N0 $ his <history,< E. JN $ his Hrst-

hand testimony is trust>orthy but not >hat he re-

lates on the authority of the )gyptians, EEi. NJK$

EEEvii. N5J.

7IDD) 8'4I8.

<Our actions oft, even in our great concerns

/re but e@ects >hich from our passions spring$

*heir po>er tyrannic >e in vain disguise,

*he >eak is oft a politician deemed.<

Olympia, Ev. 11#.

7I7 /D O. <e have all our >eaknesses.<



7I7/D)48, 8:O*:7, the only people on earth >ho dress

in the military garb of the ancient 4omans, EEiv. 1N#.

7ID);4/D, 'O') 4)O4+ II. d. ioKs, his rise and

career, EEv. J$ his threat of eEcommunication against

all laymen >ho conferred beneHces and clerics >ho

accepted them, %$ denounces the (ing of rance and

summons )mperor 7enry I. to 4ome to ans>er

charges, 10$ >ho caused the 'ope to be imprisoned

and deposed, 1N$ regory in reply deposed the em-

peror, >ho >as seiLed by rebel princes, and held for

trial before the 'ope, 1S$ 7enry, in penitence, crosses

the /lps >ith a fe> servants and o@ers his submis-

sion to the 'ope at :anossa, >hose guards stripped

the emperor and robed him in haircloth, in >hich

condition, and barefoot, he had to >ait, in Manuary,

10JJ, and fast three days before he >as allo>ed to

kiss the 'opeBs feet, 1S$ regory granted him abso-

lution but held him for trial, >hich created sym-

pathy for 7enry, >ho headed a ombardy army

against the 'ope, >hile the 'ope >as raising all er-

many against 7enry, and eE-communicated him

again, 10JK, presenting the cro>n to 4udolph, 1Q$

7enry replied in 10K0 by convening a council of ;ish-

ops, >ho eEcommunicated and deposed 'ope reg-

ory, electing uibert in his stead, and as deposed

iQQ oltaire IndeE

emperor, he headed an army against 4udolph, 1J$

>ho >as defeated by odfrey of ;ouillon, 1K$ in 10K#

7enry laid siege to 4ome and ultimately took it, the

'ope fortifying himself in the :astle of 8t. /ngelo,

>here he deHed and eEcommunicated 7enry for the

third time $ the city >as ravaged by the soldiers $

regory died in 10K5, his memory detested by (ings,

but the :hurch made him a saint, NN$ 7enry >as de-

posed in 110Q and died in poverty, his body being

cast out of its church grave by the son >ho had be-

trayed him to his enemies, NS. 8ee vii. 1QS $ 4)O4+

II. $ 7)4+ I. )?')4O4.

7I:?/4, /4:7;I87O', d. KKN, his deposition of ;ishop

4otade, viii. Q#.

7ID)4I (O)D). <hy should you hinder

people from Hghting, if they have a mind to it!<

*he 8cotch oman, Evii KQ.

7ID8I7*. <O, Btis a vile >orld if there is any

love or a@ection to be eEpected, it must be from a

>ife$ the diculty is ho> to choose one.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1K#.

7I4)I8.

</re, then, these holy instruments of heaven

Infallible! *heir ministry indeed

;inds them to the altar, they approach the gods,

;ut they are mortals still.< :)dipus, Evi. 1KQ.

7I8*O4I/, a naked truth teller $ 7istoriographer, a smooth

story teller, E. 5J.

7I8*O4I/8 /8I+, philosophers only err, viii. ##S.

7I8*O4I/8 /D *7)I4 7)4O)8. <*he business

of a historian is to record, not to Aatter$ and the

only >ay to oblige mankind to speak >ell of us, is

to contribute all that lies in our po>er to their happi-

ness and >elfare.<

:harles 6II. of 8>eden, EE. 10.

7I8*O4I:/ /;)8, EEEvii. N5J.

'roblem respecting the eEecution of Moan of /rc,

Eli. 1%.

oltaire IndeE 1QJ

4)/DI. </fter having read the descriptions of

three of four thousand battles, and the substance of

some hundreds of treaties, I do not Hnd myself one &ot

>iser than >hen I began, because from them I learn

nothing but events.<

Observations on 7istory, EEEvii. NQ5.

*/)8. <*his has been related by many historians,

and cannot be denied >ithout overturning the very

foundations of history$ but it is eFually certain that

>e cannot give credit to it >ithout overturning the

very foundations of reason.<

eneral 7istory, EEiv. N%K.

<truth, especially in the ancient stories, diminishes as

investigation probes into it,< Eiv. 1#N.

7I8*O4I)8, plagarisms and other o@enses in, E. KJ.

7I8*O4+ )4898 /;), viii. #N1.

the point of vie> from >hich it should be consid-

ered EEE. 1##$ is little else than a long succession of

useless cruelties, 1#5.

the study of, >hat it ought to do for us, EEEvi. N5J,

NQQ.

/dditions to </ncient and ?odern,< EEiE. EEE. 8up-

plementary notes.

7istory of ouis 6I. <In this history >e conHne our-

selves to >hat is deserving of the attention of all ages,

>hat paints the genius and manners of mankind, con-

tributes to instruction, and prompts to the love of

virtue, of the arts, and of our country.<



/ge of ouis 6I., EEii. n.

7O;;)8, 15KK-1QJ%, not an atheist, viii. %K$ >ould have

hanged the man >ho introduced a od into the :on-

stitution, iE. NS0$ EEEv. NJS.

7O:78*/D*, ;/**) O, also kno>n as ;lenheim, EEiii. #0.

7O/D I *7) 8))*))*7 :)*94+, EEiE. 5J$ its

commerce, :alvinism and >ars$ Mohn of ;arneveldt,

QN$ rotius, Q#.

conFuest of, by ouis 6I., EEii. 1S%.

iQK oltaire IndeE

primitive simplicity of its people under illiam the

8ilent, EEvii. #0S.

a custom in, )ssays, EEEvii. QK.

7O+ D/+8, their e@ect on national life, iE. SN.

host, double or single procession &f the$ ho> the

icene creed >as made up, EEiv. 1NJ.

Oce, history of the. 8ee IU9I8I*IO.

Oil, the, made in heaven, note El. S%.

8ee, its return from /vignon to 4ome in the our-

teenth century after an absence of seventy-t>o years,

EEv. N#J.

7O?).

<hereBer the mind >ith ease and pleasure d>ells,

*here is our home, and there our native land.<

?ahomet, Evi. N1.

7O?)4B8 II/D, not ridiculous to reeks, 'opeBs admission,

viii. N51$ as a theologian, iE. #11$ his ocean >as only

the ile, E. 1N.

7O)8* /D 8*4O.

<e are corrupted$ but one upright man

?ay save the state.< :atiline, Evii. NS1.

7O)+?OO8 */6)D ;+ *7) ;I87O', Eiv. Q5.

7OO4. <7onor is the Hrst of la>s,

et me observe it.< :)dipus, Evi. 1JQ.

7OO4/;) 'O)4*+. <'overty is not intolerable,

but contempt is$ I am satisHed to be in >ant, but I

>ould not have it kno>n.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 1K.

7OO48 *O ?)4I*. <*he )nglish honor and re>ard

superior talents of every kind. riters, scientists and

artists are ?embers of 'arliament, ambassadors, min-

isters of state$ riches are heaped upon them >hile

they live, and monuments erected to them after their

death.< 'reface to Taire, EiE. 10.

7O').

</ll may be >ell$ that hope can man sustain,

/ll no> is >ell $ Btis an illusion vain.<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. 1K.

oltaire IndeE 1Q%

7O*-7)/D)D)88.

<7eBs ardent and impetuous, and prone

8ometimes to serve the gods, sometimes o@end.

*he >orld has many characters like his,

?ade up of passion and religious Leal $

ith headlong passion tenderness they miE

*hey oft repent, and all things undertake.<

Olympia, Ev. 11#.

7O98) O :O??O8, the )nglish, and po>er of the peo-

ple, iE. N%N.

<79DI;4/8,< ;utlerBs ridicule of the 'uritans, vi. N%1.

79O, I:*O4, Oration on oltaire, i. SS.

799)O*8, their virtues and political failings, EEi. 11#$

half a million driven from rance, carrying arts and

industries >ith them, 1N%$ persecution of those >ho

returned to rance, 1#1 $ rise of fanatical sects, 1#N.

79?/ /*94) good at bottom, even in the Dark and

?iddle /ges, EEE. 1S1.

'4O4)88. <It is not in the nature of man to de-

sire >hat he does not kno>. 7e reFuired not only

a prodigious space of time, but also a number of

lucky circumstances for raising himself above the level

of mere animal life.< eneral 7istory, EEiv. 1Q.

sacriHces in all religions, E. 1#5.

79?/I*+.

<Is there a man from human error free!

Is there a (ing >ithout some human >eakness!<

;rutus, Ev. NSS.

79?), D/ID, 1J11-1JJQ, his >eighty argument, Eii. NQ#.

79?II/*IO. <anders unkno>n,

9npitied, su@ers all the bitter >oes

/nd cruel scorn that >aits on penury$

?isery like this >ill bend the Hrmest soul.<

?trope, Ev. 50.

79?II*+. <8ome people >ill give themselves very

humble titles providing they are sure of receiving

very proud ones in return.<

*itles of 7onor, EEEvii. N05.

1J0 oltaire IndeE

798;/D4+. <ove, my dear niece, is not al>ays the

only thing to be thought of.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1Q5.

794O, *7), O4 '9'I O /*94). 8ee 4O?/:)8.

7uss, MO7, 1#Q%-1S15, EEi. 10%$ ignorance of the people

and tyranny of the :hurch, EEv. NQ0$ good men

burned at the stake, NQQ.

7+'O*I: ?anifestations of the :onvulsionaries of 1JNS,

vii. NKQ.

7+'O:4I8+.

<7enceforth let mortals kno> that there are crimes

O@ended heaven never can forgive.<

8emiramis, Evii. NN5.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6. 7/''+ 7+'/*I/.

7.

7/''+$ the philosopher mistaken >ho said <:all no man

happy until he is dead,< E. 5 $ is man happier than

>oman! Q.

7)/), the Hrmament$ our illusions, %$ theory that the

earth is Aat, n$ astronomical absurdities of the )arly

athers, 1#$ 7omerBs conception of the upper realm

of the gods, 15$ ?oses as a philosopher and scientist,

1%.

7), its king, Fueen, housekeepers and fate-dealers, its

royal councillors and three-headed dog, NN$ irgil,

ucretius, 7orace, 8eneca and :icero laughed at the

fabled inferno, N# $ hell not mentioned in the 'enta-

teuch, NS$ its revival by Mesus, N5$ utility of the doc-

trine of eternal damnation to some divines, #1, #N $ the



descent of Mesus into, ## $ dicta of 'eter and the )arly

athers, #S.

7)4)8+, the un&ust stigma of, #Q$ the 'agan religions

kne> nothing of heresy, being concerned >ith moral

conduct, #% $ rise of the persecuting spirit in :hristian-

ity. #%$ persecution creates faction, SS$ toleration the

surest method of >eakening a sect, S5$ toleration

>as never a clerical virtue, SJ$ the simple and s>eet

oltaire IndeE 1J1

method of estorius >ith heretics, SK$ Hne points in

heresy, S%$ faction Fuarrels among :hristians caused

the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives, 50.

7)4?)8, ?ercury *rismegistus, translated by 8caliger,

5S$ its philosophy of the universe, 55.

7I8*O4IO4/'7)4, a >hite>asher >hen the historian has

blackened a character, 5J$ eEempliHed in the lives of

ouis 6I. and others, 5K.

7I8*O4+ O O'IIO8, mostly errors, Q1 $ fabulous foun-

dations of early history, QN$ the records of ;abylon,

of :hinese astronomy, and the reek sculptures, Q# $

the monuments of )gypt, Q%$ theories of the early

>riters, J0$ the >onders of Me>ish history, J5$ reg-

oryBs picture of )mperor Mulian, JQ $ the certainty and

uncertainty of history, JK$ >hether temples, festivals,

ceremonies, and medals are historic proofs, K1 $ rules

for the historian, KS$ satirical history$ a personal

grievance in the case of a ;eaumelle, <the most

infamous trick that ever disgraced literature,< KJ$

style and method in >riting, %0$ chronicles of the

Me>ish (ings, %#$ bad actions eEcused in some his-

tories, instances of, %5.

7OO4, >hether a republic or a monarchy most encour-

ages virtue in its ruling class, %%.

79?II*+, is it a virtue that nays! 101.

7+'/*I/, #J0-S15, a 'arisian parallel, 10#$ 8aint :yril

caused this saintly >omanBs martyrdom, 10S$ >hen

<inHdels< strip beautiful >omen it is not to massacre

them, 10S.

ID)/ 4)IIO, *7), for a state establishment, Eiii. KS.

ID)/8. <If >e must follo> none

;ut perfect princes, >hose unbiased hearts

/re free from every vice and every >eakness,

hom shall >e serve!< /melia, Evi. %0.

oltaire IndeE

ID) 8O98.

< *is best the mind should be employed,

Indolence leaves a craving void$

*he soul is like a subtle Hre

hich if not fed must soon eEpire.<

*o a 'rincess, EEEvi. N0K.

IDIO?/*I: )6'4)88IO8 in every language, EEEvii. 10.

I/*I98 8*., d. 10J, martyrdom of, vii. 1SS.

IO4/:), our kno>ledge ends in, Ei. NJ1.

IO4/:). <?y triumphs

rom errorBs fruitful source incessant Ao>.<

?ahomet, Evi. Q#.

<In the >hirlpool called the >orld

?anBs through so many errors hurled,

*hat it can coEcombs please alone

;y >hom it neBer >as rightly kno>n.<

*o ?adame De , EEEvi. N1K.

IO4/* '7IO8O'7)4, *7), EEv. N1%. 8ee '7IO8O-

'7)4, *7) IO4/*.

I?/)8 venerated but not >orshipped by pagans and in

oriental religions, E. 1NJ.

I?/I/*IO. <*he ties of nature

/re not more strong than those of fantasy.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N0#.

I??/:9/*) :O:)'*IO O *7) I4I ?/4+, by her

mother, Cthe doctrine >idely misconceived to this

day, Eiv. 1S1.

I??)48IO, ;/'*I8? ;+.

<One canBt but think it some>hat droll,

'ump >ater thus should cleanse a soul.< vi. N0N.

I??O4*/I*+, >ill Mohn 8mith still be Mohn 8mith >hen

he is an angel or a deniLen of hell! E. 11Q.

;ishop arburton on the disbelief by the Me>s in,

Eiii. J#.

I?')4I/I8?. <e> empires >ill demand

e> names $ >e must have one more great, more sacred,

ess liable to change.< :asar, EiE. 10S.

oltaire IndeE 1J#

I?')4IO98 :)8/4,

<;ut :aesar is beloved, respected, feared,

*he 8enate and the people all admire

/nd court him$ statesman, general, magistrate$

In peace revered, and terrible in >ar$

/ thousand >ays he charms the multitude.<

:atiline, Evii. NS5.

I?'O8) O *7) ')O'), ho> far should >e, EEEvii. 1%%.

I?'O88I;II*I)8, i. e., miracles, Ei. NJN.

I?'O8*O48. <)very bold impostor

?ay forge ne> fetters and enslave mankind $

7e has a right, it seems, to cheat the >orld

If he can do it >ith an air of grandeur.<

?ahomet, Evi. S1.

I?'49D):).

<*he bonds that folly and imprudence knit

/re dangerous $ guilt doth sometimes follo> close

*he steps of innocence $ our hearts deceive us,

/nd love, >ith all his store of dear delights,

?ay cost us tears.< ?ahomet, Evi. 50.

I?'98)8.

<*o feel a passion for a >orthy ob&ect,

Is not a >eakness in us but a virtue.<

?ariamne, Evi. NS1.

I:)8*9O98 O)8)8, Eii. JQ.

I:ID)*8 I *7) I) O O*/I4), i. 15.

I:O449'*I;). <*hy outrageous virtue

:an serve no purpose but to make thee foes.<

:atiline, Evii. NQK.

I:4)D9I*+ *7) O9D/*IO O / (O)D), EEEvii.

NQ%.

ID)')D):). <It is >ith the point of the s>ord

that diplomas should be signed securing this natural

prerogative,< Eiv. 155.

IDI/, t>o thousand Hve hundred years ago, EEiv. #%$

fables of 'ilpay, #%$ the game of chess, S0$ the cus-

tom of suttee, SN$ ;rahmin religions, sublimity and

superstition, S#J$ EEiE. 1#S, 1J#$ its learning, cus-

1JS oltaire IndeE

toms, dietary, trade, the suttee, 1JK$ morals, 1J%$ re-

ligions, 1K1-1%N.

IDI/8, 89;M9/*IO O. <e drain ourselves

of men and money to carry destruction against each

other in /sia and /merica. *he Indians, >hom >e

have compelled by force or artiHce to admit our settle-

ments among them, and the /mericans, from >hom

>e have >rested their continent after having dyed

it >ith their blood, look upon us as the foes of human-

kind,< EEii. NQ1.

IDI)4):) O 4O?/ 49)48 to Me>ish and :hristian

religions, EEiv. QJ.

ID9):)8 /D /;8O9*IO8, ocial price list, Eiii. 1#Q.

I/I;II*+ O ))4/ :O9:I8, vii. #1Q.

I)4/ )*)4'4I8) O /4, Eiv. 1%S.

IID), /. <O heBs a >icked >retch $ he has o@ered

up no cakes to :eres < 8ocrates, Evi. N%K.

< :an there be

8uch virtue in an inHdel!<

?ahomet, Evi. 5J.

8//DI, *7). <;y his last >ill, 11%5, he left

money to be eFually distributed bet>een the poor ?a-

hometans, Me>s and :hristians, intending to inculcate

that all men are brethren, and that >hen >e >ould

assist them >e are not to inFuire >hat they believe,

but >hat they su@er.< eneral 7istory, EEv. 1N1.

I/*) I*. <)very man is &ealous >hen he is in

love, and every >oman even before she is so.<

anine, Eviii. 10%.

IO:)* 89')48*I*IO8, dancing on 8aintsB days, Eiv. N%.

IO:9/*IO I )/D, its success, EEEvii. %J$ EEEiE.

1%-

IU9I8I*IO, *7), Hrst established by 'ope Innocent III.

in 1N00, EEvii. 150$ its progress through three cen-

turies, 155$ *orFuemada the butcher-cardinal, 15Q$

kings and priests >itnessed the tortures and burnings,

15%$ it did more to perpetuate 'rotestantism than all

the arguments and preachings of scholars and orators,

1QN.

oltaire IndeE 1J5

ho> it eEterminated a happy community, iE. #0N $ a

satire on its decrees, EEEvii. 1%0$ note, El. NS0.

IU9I8I*O4, I *7) I)4O.

as born to doom mankind to die,

herefore, IBm broiled for making others fry.<

a 'ucelle, El. 1K0.

I8I7*.

 thee >ell, thy virtues and thy frailty $

(no> >hat thou canst and >hat thou darest not do.<

:atiline, Evii. NK5.

<7e &udges not of soldiers by their siLe.<

)pistle, EEEvi. N5N.

I8*I:*, the soul of beasts, Eiii. NJ#.

I8*I:*I) ')4:)'*IO O M98*I:) imparted to us by od,

Ei. NJ.

I89;O4DI/*) :7ID4). </ll the crosses and

disappointments that make families unhappy, come

from undutiful daughters.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1Q0.

I*)4)8* is *7) OD O ?), >hen banded in sects, Eiv.

1 0Q.

I*O)4/:). <If you have t>o religions among

you, they >ill massacre each other$ if you have thirty

they >ill live in peace.< Eiv. 10#.

< 4eligion is a dreadful po>er.<

?ahomet, Evi. QQ.

< o and get together as many ba>ling enthusiasts as

you can, and cry out, Impiety Impiety < 8ocrates,

Evi. N%#$ Eii. 15S. 8ee *O)4/*IO.

I*4O8'):*IO.

< Of mercy every mortal stands in need.

If innocence alone could heaven approach,

ho in this temple >ould adore the gods!<

Olympia, Ev. 11K.

I)*IO8, by the :hinese of antiFuity, paper, silk stu@s,

porcelain, astronomical instruments, glass, printing,

bells, gunpo>der, EEiv. NJ.

of the fourteenth century, EEvi. SN $ >indmills, clocks,

1JQ oltaire IndeE

compass, paper, linen$ ho> many of our supposed in-

ventions >e o>e to foreigners, EEEvii. %S.

I4)/D, given by (ing Mohn PacklandR, and also )ng-

land, to 'ope Innocent III. in 1N1#, viii. 1QS.

transition from idolatry to :hristianity, EEiv. 1#K.



ouis 6I. sends the refugee, Mames II. of )ngland,

into Ireland backed by a rench Aeet, the battle of the

;oyne$ Mames and the rench against illiam III.

and the Irish, Muly, 1Q%0, EEii. N##$ victory of the

latter, N#Q.

I4)), )?'4)88 and >ife of :harlemagne, >ho caused

her son to be put to death after she had put out his

eyes, EEiv. 10J$ her restoration of image >orship by

the :ouncil of ice, 1NS.

I8/;)/, Uueen of )d>ard II. of )ngland, and the

emasculation of 8penser, EEiE. N%1.

I84/), *7) :7ID4) O, al>ays righting each other,

EEi. 1%%. 8ee M)8.

I*/+ /D *7) :794:7 before the time of :harlemagne,

EEiv. Q5.

)mpire of, 105Q-10J#, the making of 'opes under



7enry I., EEv. 5.

in the Hfteenth century, EEvi. 1KS$ >ars and feuds,

1%N $ EEE. 5#.

in the siEteenth century, EEiE. 1J$ troubles of the

papacy$ :ardinal :ara@a strangled by order of 'ope

'ius I., 1K $ see :O9:I O *4)*, 1% $ the :hurchBs

little miracle sho>s, smiled at by the >ise, >ho kno>

that ignorance needs the discipline of mystery, NN$

the calendar reformed by regory 6III, NS$ 'ope

8iEtus ., son of a laborer, himself a s>ineherd, N%$

an illustrious ponti@, #1 $ his enrichment of 4ome,

#S $ his successors, #% $ enice and ?alta, 50 $ EEE. 5#.

the >ar of 1JS1 penetrates into, EEEiii. 1Q1 $ forcing

the passage of the /lps, 1Q#.

I*/I/8, their devotion to music has retarded the develop-

ment of their literature, EEEvii. 115$ even they, at last,

>ere convinced that the earth turns round, N0N.



oltaire IndeE 1JJ

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6. :O*I9)D.

ID)/ I9D/*IO.

ID)/ $ ideas, like our hair, can be dressed and cultivated,

but not produced at >ill, E. 10S$ ideas given us by the

)ternal ;eing, 10%$ organiLation of the senses, no$

od the universal principle of all things, 11#.

ID)*I*+, the body changes, memory remains, 11S$ dicul-

ties in the doctrine of personal immortality and future

punishment, 11Q.

IDO, idolater, idolatry$ no adoration of idols in paganism

or :atholicism, 1N0$ the ancient idolatry eEamined,

1N1 $ the images of gods >ere not the gods, 1NJ $

>hether the 'ersians, 8abines, )gyptians, *artars

and *urks have been idolaters, 1NJ$ human sacriHces,

1#5$ pure theism of )pictetus and ?arcus /urelius,

1#J-



I/*I98 O+O/, 1S%1-15QQ, other>ise 8t. Inigo the ;is-

cayan, 1#%$ his remarkable life, 1S0$ in contrast >ith

eorge oE the Uuaker and :ount TinLendorf the

?oravian, 1SN. 8ee M)89I*8 $ O+O/.

IO4/:), most dangerous in critics, reply to the /bbe

rancois, 1S# $ /donai, ?elchotn, Mehovah, ;aal, ;el,

8haddai, )loi, 1SQ$ e>ton, 150.

I?/I/*IO, the philosophy of, 155$ passive and active,

15%$ its uses in literature and art, 1Q5$ imagination of

animals, dogs hunt in dreamland, 1QJ$ our inability

to create an idea or image, 1QK.

I?'IO98 :O:)'*IO O OD, representing a bearded be-

ing, 1JN$ &udging 7im by the creatureBs standard, 1J#.

I?'O8*, taE gatherers cursed in 7oly rit, 1JS$ modes of

raising money to sustain government, 1JQ.

I?'O*):), ancient la> and >itchcraft relating to, 1K1 $

?osaic code does not deal >ith it, 1K# $ the gospels on

divorce, 1K# $ the cases of 7enry I. of :astile, /lfonso

of 'ortugal, and the ?arFuis de angeais, 1KS.



oltaire IndeE

I/I)/*IO, inalienable domain, 1KJ.

I:)8*, 1KK.

I:9;98 /D 89::9;98, cohabitation >ith devils, igo.

III*+, beyond Hnite ken, 1%#$ inHnite po>er, >isdom,

goodness$ od can make a stick >ithout t>o ends,

but does not, 1%%.

I9):), its actuality and mystery, 1%%$ upon the

foetus, N0#.

II*I/*IO, ancient mysteries, N05$ pagan slanders against

the :hristian mysteries, N11$ the accusations by :hrist-

ian >riters, N1N.

IO:)*8, massacre of the, eEamination of the evidence,

N1S.

IU9I8I*IO, *7), originated >ith the /postles, N1K$ his-

tory of, NN0$ citations from instructions to InFuisitors

authoriLing atrocious rulings, N#0-N#5$ the InFuisition

in 'ortugal $ a po>erful machine for increasing the

po>er of priests and the breed of hypocrites, N#5.

I8*I:*, something divine, NS1.

I*)4)8*, the prime motive in religion and commerce, NS# $

the Mansenist and the Dutch merchant, NS5.

I*O)4/:), the damnation of the great and good, e>-

ton, ocke, ?ilton, 8hakespeare, et al., NSK.

I9D/*IO, an impossible universal, N51.


M/:( I OI:).

< It ill becomes a temporary po>er,

ike thine, to boast of its authority.<

:atiline, Evii. N#Q.

M/:O)O /D *7) O4/:), Eii. %5.

M/), the nail she drove into 8iseraBs head, note, El. %#.

M/?)8 II. O )/D, 1Q##-1J01, befriended as refugee



by ouis 6I., EEii. NN#. 8ee I4)/D, and 8*9/4*8.

M/8)I8? /8 ;)9 I 155N by ?ichael De ;ay, EEi.

1S1 $ >as condemned by 'ius . in 15QJ, 1SN $ the doc-

oltaire IndeE 1J%

trine of concomitant concurrence, 1SS$ :ornelius Man-

senius, ;ishop of +pres, >rote a book upholding this

doctrine and became the head of .a sect, 1S5 $ it >as

condemned by 4ome in 1QS1 $ a girl cured of an eye

disorder by kissing a thorn from the cro>n of Mesus,

a Mansenist miracle, 15N$ persecuted, they gre>

stronger, 15S$ peace made by 'ope :lement I6., 155$

Fuarrels over fanciful propositions, 15K$ suppression

of a nunnery, 15%$ 'ere Uuesnel imprisoned for his

book, 1Q1 $ /ntoinette ;ourignon, the rich fanatic, 1QN $

the grand dispute >as Fuelled by the peopleBs pros-

perity and preference for luEury and pleasure over

theological controversy, 1J# $ insigniHcance of Mansen-

ism as seen from outside, 1J%$ note, El. 1N5, 1N%.

M/'/ )6'O4)D by ?arco 'olo and the 'ortuguese, EEvii.

1J# $ its government, religion and civiliLation, 1JS.

in the seventeenth century, EEiE. 15Q.

M)/O98+. <7usbands may be &ealous,

4emember that and tremble.<

/laire, Evii. #K.

M)/O* /D :OI. 8ee 4O?/:)8.

M)7/, 87/7, d. 1QQQ, EEiE. 1#5.

M)7O/7, /donai, ;aal, ;el, /dad, 8haddai, )loi, ?el-

chom, ?elek, local names of od, E. 1SQ, N5#.

M)'7*7/7B8 8/:4II:) of his daughter, E. N5S. 8ee 8/:-

4II:).

M)4I:7O, massacre at, EEi. 1%Q.

M)498/)?, siege of, EEi. N05 $ capture of by Omar, builder

of the famous mosFue, EEv. K%.

M)89I*8, their founder, their organiLation and >orld->ide



po>er, EEvii. 1S1 $ see O+O/ $ a candid Mesuit, Ei. #0N.

and Mansenists, their great Hght over doctrine, EEi.

1S1 $ their status under ouis 6I., NQ1 $ their di-

culties in making converts in :hina, EEE. 11K$ eE-

pelled from 'ortugal, detested in rance, NS#.

M)898, conAicting dates of birth, vii. 1N0.

heretic and martyr, on the causes of his martyrdom,

Eiii. J0.

iKo oltaire IndeE

did not baptiLe his disciples, therefore the Uuakers

do not use the >ater rite, vi. N11.

the 8ocinian argument against the divine nature of,

viii. 1SS.



had 7e t>o >ills, as >ell as t>o natures or t>o

persons! Eiv. N1%.

7is unfulHlled predictions, Ei. 15.

M)I87 7I8*O4+ demonstrates ho> the >hole universe re-

volved eEpressly in the interest of their nation, E. J5.

M)8, *7), story of, EEi. 1%#$ their civil and other >ars,

their (ings, >anderings, >ealth, and su@erings $

siege of Merusalem by *itus and espasian, N05 $ their

religion, idolatry and philosophy, N0J.

nine religious sects >hen :hristianity came, the 'hari-

sees, 8aducees, )ssenians, Mudaites, *herapeutse,

4echabites, 7erodians, the Disciples of Mohn the ;ap-

tist, and the Disciples of Mesus, vii. 1#1.

though barbarous in many respects, >ere more tolerant

than the early :hristians, Eiv. 10N.

in )urope, the, EEE. S5$ before the Hfteenth century.

eEpulsion of the, from 8pain, 1S%N$ the InFuisition



revived to keep in sub&ection those >ho had returned

after eEpulsion, EEvi. 1K0.

they never coined, but have al>ays acFuired, shekels,

Eiii. N01.

fecundity of the$ if that little nation of superstitious

&obbers had not regarded marriage as the Hrst of the

human obligations if there had been among them

convents of nuns they >ould have been inevitably

lost, Ei. 1%J.

MO/ O /4:, 1S1N-1S#1, a robust tavern girl of t>enty-

seven, EEvi. ##$ her heroic conduct at Orleans$ she

restored :harles to his cro>n, #S$ >as >ounded at

:ompiegne, 1S#0$ a charge of >itchcraft trumped up

against her by the )nglish$ the trial ended in her

condemnation and martyrdom, 1S#1.

c a person >ho, for the services she had

rendered her (ing, >ould have had altars erected to

oltaire IndeE 1K1

her in those heroic times >hen mankind >ere >ont to

decree such honors to their deliverers,< EEvi. #5.

a rench portrayal of her charms, note, El. KJ, %Q, %J $

historical problem respecting her eEecution, Eli. 1%, 55 $

a letter by Moan, NSJ $ her trial, N5N, NQN, NK0, NK1, NKJ.

8ee *7) 7)4I/D), EEEviii. 105.

Uueen of aples, consented to the murder of her

husband, and had three to succeed him, EEv. N#1 $

she >as smothered bet>een t>o beds, N#Q.

MO;, an /rab 8heik, vi. 1# $ the ;ook of, one of the most

precious >ritings that have come do>n to us from

antiFuity, E. #1S.

MO7, (ing of )ngland, 11QQ-1N1Q, sentenced to death by

the peers of rance, EEv. 5Q$ hated by the )nglish, 5K$

sub&ects himself to the 'ope, 5%$ degradation of being

forced to sign the ?agna :harta, Q5. 8ee )/D,

I4)/D.

'alseologus I., 1##N-1#%1, puts out the eyes of his

son, EEvi. %0$ the rise of *amerlane, %N, 10#, in. 8ee

*/?)4/).

MO7+, 8tory of. 8ee 4O?/:)8.

MOII), 8I)94 D), 1NNS-1#1J, a chronicler of doubtful

tales, EEv. 1#%.

MO()48, their minds usually incorrect and superHcial, Eiv.

Id

MO8)'7, )?')4O4, of ermany, 1QJK-1J11, EEiii. 5J$ death

of, %N.

MO8)'798, #J-%5, his silence upon the massacre of the in-

nocents, the cruciHEion, and other matters, vii. 10Q.

MO94/I8?. <7e is my pu@er, and can scatter reports

about to>n for me that may be serviceable.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1%Q.

MO98*8 /D *O94/?)*8, EEE. N5.

MO+8 O I).

< / man must think, or else the brute

?ay his superior >orth dispute $

/ man must love, for >ere it not

or love, most hard >ould be his lot.<

*he 4eFuisites to 7appiness, EEEvi. NQJ.

1KN oltaire IndeE

M9D/8, the churchBs verdict on, vii. ## $ his suicide a greater

sin than his betrayal of Mesus, vii. ##.

?/::/;/)98, d. 1Q0 ;. :. $ his glorious struggles,

Eiv. KJ. <)very man should obey the natural and

eternal la>s >hich od has given him.< Eiv. KK.

M9DI:I/ ?94D)48, fatal legal blunders, viii. 1K.

< *hose >ho dare not Hght

?ay screen their guilt beneath the mask of &ustice

/nd call the murder legal punishment.<

?ahomet, Evi. S5.

M9DI:IO98 M9D?)*.

<Mustice eEtreme is height of in&ury,

e must not al>ays hearken to the voice

Of rigor.< C)dipus, Evi. 1JQ.

M9DI*7 /D 7OO)4)8, note, El. NJJ.

M9I/, )?')4O4, ##1-#Q#, the so-called /postate, v. N%0$

8t regory aLianLen reproaches him for having

>orn too long a beard $ so far from being a persecutor

he sought to eEtirpate persecution and intolerance,

N%S$ E. JQ$ >hat he said of the :hristians, Eiv. NKJ.

M9I98 II., 'O'), 1SS1-151#, and the eague of :ambray,

EEvi. NNQ-NS1.

M98* /D 9M98*. <ho has given us the percep-

tion of &ust and un&ust! od, >ho gave us a brain

and a heart< Ei. NJ.

M98*I:).

< Interest may be the god of ?ahomet,

;ut mine is Mustice.< ?ahomet, Evi. SN.

/D *49*7.

< In earlier days, by vice and crime unstained,

Mustice and *ruth, t>o naked sisters reigned,

;ut long since Aed, as everyone can tell,

Mustice to heaven, *ruth into a >ell.< viii. 1#N.

M98*I ?/4*+4, vii. 1N5.

oltaire IndeE 1K#

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6. :O*I9)D.

M)7O/7 MO;.

M)7O/7, one of the names for od, N5#.



M)'7*7/7, his vo> to sacriHce his daughter, N5S.

M)89I*8, see O+O/$ their do>nfall due to pride, N5K$

their status under ouis 6I. $ their missions, NQ5.

M)8, the remarkable nation, NQQ$ their strange history,

NQK$ their >ars and massacres, NQ%$ their relations

>ith other peoples, NJ# $ siege of Merusalem, NJK $ their

beliefs and lack of a philosophy, NK0 $ their idolatries,

NK1 $ Me>ish la>, NKS $ dispersion of the Me>s, NKQ $

their successes in business, despite persecutions, NK%$

reply to criticisms by Me>ish correspondents, N%1 $ an-

tiFuity of the race, N%S$ sundry allegations based on

hostile tradition, N%S.

MO;, ;OO( O, one of the most precious of antiFuity, #1S.

O. 6

MO8)'7 M98*I:).

MO8)'7, resemblance of the story of his adventure >ith

'otipharBs >ife, to those of 7ippolytus and 'hoedra,

;ellerophon and Tenobia, et al., Ei. 5$ dream lore a

FualiHcation for statesmanship, J $ an interesting epic, K.



M9D/)/, anything but the promised land of plenty, %.

M9I/, /I98 :/9DI98, ##1-#Q#, )mperor and /postate,

10$ sober, chaste, brave, tolerant, but not a :hristian,

II $ his career, 1N$ legends of his attempt to rebuild the

temple, 1# $ his importance as a ruler, 1K $ a philosopher,

a soldier, a statesman, the eFual of ?arcus /urelius,

1 K. 8ee /'O8*/*).

M98* /D 9M98*, our od-given instinct of &ustice and

reasonableness, NJ$ Mesus never taught metaphysical

dogmas, N%.

1KS oltaire IndeE

M98*I:), eEcessive punishments for venial o@ences, #0$

eEamination of the case of the erron family, presump-

tions in their favor and against them, #1 $ criticisms

on the administration of la>, SK.


(

()')4, MO7/, 15J1-1Q#0, astronomical discoveries,

EEviii. N#S.

(ID)88 I8. <*he eyes of friendship seldom are

deceived.< Orestes, Evii. 11K.

(ID4)D.

< *he ties of blood, and all their boasted po>er

/re mere delusions. hat are natureBs bonds!

othing but habit, the mere force of custom.<

?ahomet, Evi. Q#.

(I, / OOD.

< ;y right of conFuest, and of birth, a (ing $

In various su@erings resolute and brave,

action he Fuelled $ he conFuered and forgave.

7e taught those realms he conFuered to obey,

/nd made his sub&ects happy by his s>ay.<

*he 7enriade C7enry I. EEEviii. %.

(I+ 8I?'I:I*+.

< 8uperior even to the rank he bore,

7e >as a (ing >ho 3 3 3 disdained

/ll irksome pomp, and never >ould permit

/n idle train of slaves to march before him.

/mid his happy sub&ects fearless still,

/nd still unguarded lived in peace and safety,

/nd thought his peopleBs love his best defence.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1K5.

(I+ )/*7. <ith money >e get soldiers, arrf

>ith soldiers >e steal money.< Eii. %.

(I87I'.

< 7o> very seldom they deserve a cro>n

ho are born to >ear it.< ;rutus, Ev. NQS.

oltaire IndeE 1K5

(IB8 )I, ho> the royal cure came to fail, Eiii. 1K0.

of +vetot, story of the, Eiv. NK0.

(I8?)*.

< hat po>er invincible presides unseen

OBer human actions, and directs our fate!<

Orestes, Evii. 101.

(I88I. 8ee (iss.

(I7*8 *)?'/48 and 7ospitallers of Merusalem, EEv.

10J, N0Q.

(O)D) I*7O9* '4O4)88. <*he :hinese

stopped at the Hrst elements of poetry, eloFuence, nat-

ural philosophy, astronomy, and painting, all practiced

by them centuries before they >ere kno>n to us, but

they made no progress after>ards.<

'reface to the Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1J%.

(OO*7I8.

< *he interpreters of heaven have been consulted,

;ut in vain.< Orestes, Evii. %1.

(OI, and a score of other royal styles and titles, Ei. S%.

(O4/, *7), EEiv. 50$ EEiE. N01.

(O9I (7/, conFueror of /fghanistan, EEiE. 1#K.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6. :O*I9)D.

(I (I88.

(I, ;asileus, *yrannos, 4eE, DuE, Imperator, ?elch,

;aal, ;el, 'haraoh, )li, 8haddai, /donai, 8hak, 8ophi,

'adisha, ;ogdan, :haLan, (han, (rall, (ong, (onig,

names signifying the same oce but di@erent ideas,

Ei. S%$ better not discuss the kingly prerogative, 5N.

(iss, historically and philosophically considered, 5# $ the

traitorBs kiss, 5S $ early :hristian love feasts, 55 $

pigeons, turtles and humans are the only kissers,

Ei. 5K.


iKQ oltaire IndeE

/;+4I*7, /. </ labyrinth of fatality and free->ill,

in >hich all ages have been be>ildered, and >here

man has no clue to direct his steps.< EEi. 1S1.

/ :7/I8), ')4), 1QNS-1J0%, governor of ouis 6I.Bs

conscience, EEi. 1Q1.

/DI)8 O *7) ;)D:7/?;)4, ho> they came to be substi-

tuted for ?aids of 7onor, EEiii. 1JN.

/DI)8B ?/. <7is eternal clack teases me to death.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N1S.

/ O*/I), 1QN1-1Q%5, EEE - I0 S5 EEEvi. QQ$ his style,

EEEvii. 10% $ EEEviii. NKS.

/D O '4O?I8), promised more butter than bread, Ei. 10.

/4/:, /4:7;I87O', 1005-10K%, his vie> of the sacred

body and blood in the )ucharist, EEiv. N%5.

/)/I8, ?. D), his unfortunate 'arliamentary eEperi-

ence, Eiv. N0Q.

/4)-7)/4*)D.

< B*is merit othersB merit thus to o>n,

*o a true genius envy is unkno>n.<

)nvy, EEEvi. 1KJ.

/ 4O:7)O9:/9D, D9() D), 1Q1#-1QK0, EEEviii. N%%.

/*I '4/+)48, >hy introduced among people >ho did not

understand them, EEiv. 1#5.

/9D, /4:7;I87O', 15J#-1QS5, eEecuted for treason, EEviii.

NJJ.

/9T9, Due D) ?O*')8I)4 for a day imprisoned by

ouis 6I., EEiii. 15K, 1J5.

/ /I)4), ?/D)?OI8)), and ouis 6I., EEiii. 1N#,

1#N, 1S%, 15#, 155.

/, MO7, 1QJ1-1JN%, his rench Hnancial scheme a

sham, Eiii. SK$ EEEvii. N11.

/ O O).

< *his is the la> divine, the heavens above

)Eplained manBs duty >hen they bade to love.<

*he ature of irtue, EEEvi. 1K%.

oltaire IndeE 1KJ

/T/498, :ount of ;ethany, Ei. N0Q.

/TI)88.

< Indolent slothBs the greatest foe

*hat mortals ever kne> belo>.<

*o ?adame De . . . . , EEEvi. NN1.

)/9) O :/?;4/+, *7), fatal to ouis 6II., EEvi. NNQ.

)/8* O )I8. <If in this tempest of the soul I

must say >hether I >ill be knave or fool, my choice

is made, O heaven, let me still be a dupe.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. NS5.

)/ )4;I/). <et us go sign and seal >ith my

scrivener, >ho >ill give us a hundred >ords >here

four >ould be sucient.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 15#.

<procedure, suggestions to>ards the better adminis-

tration of &ustice,< Ei. JJ.

))D8 O *7) 7O+ ?/4*+48, 8aints 8ymphorosia,

elicita, 'olycarp and others, Ei. N1#.

)I;I*T, O**4I)D I7)?, 1QSQ-1J1Q, a great phi-

losopher but too ambiguous, Eii. SS $ EEiii. N%5 $ EEEvi.

5S-

)*) /8*I, church fees to escape from, Eiv. QS.

)O 6, 'O'), 1SJ5-15N1, EEvi. NQK$ EEvii. 1#$ his po>er

and character, SJ$ his scale of fees for granting abso-

lution to criminals, Eiv. Q1 $ note, Eli. 10#.

)O'OD O O44/I), 1QS0-1J05, an ideal sovereign, EEii.

NJ0.

)'/*O, ;/**) O, 15J1, EEvii. NQQ$ Don Mohn of /us-

tria defeats the *urks and avenges :hristendom,

EEvii. NQQ.

)*)I)4, :7/:)O4, signer of the )dict revoking that

of antes, 1QK5, EEi. 1N%, 1QK.

)**)4, dictated by Moan of /rc, Eli. NSJ.

>ritten by Mesus, delivered personally in a rench

:hurch, Eiv. N1.

)**)48, the profession of$ its troubles and penalties,

)ssays, EEEvii. J0.

))I DO.

</ citiLen of 4ome is ever &ealous

iKK oltaire IndeE

Or insolent$ he is your eFual still,

Or still your foe, because inferior to you$

7e cannot bear the lustre of high fortune,

In all the service you have done him, sees

aught but the in&ury you have po>er to do.<

;rutus, Ev. N5%.

)+D), defence of, 15JS-15J5, by the Dutch against the

8panish, EEvii. N%S.

I;)4*+, i. NK%.

of conscience, a erman parable, vii. NS0.

love of, in )ngland, iE. N%1.

the )nglish >ere the Hrst nation in the >orld in,

EEviii. 1%.

I)8, a clear head reFuired to perceive their nature and

uses, Eiv. N5S.

I).

< Of 8olomon the &udgment sage youBve heard,

ike oracle, men listened to his >ord $

:onsole yourself >isdom in turn >ill reign,

e sin in youth, >hen old, >e grace obtain.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. Q5.

< ive >ith ease, and die

hen life gro>s burdensome.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N##.

O8 I ?/44I/). <It is very Cfunny to

promise, for a >hole life, that >hich no man can cer-

tainly ensure from night to morning< Eiv. 1K0.

I7* D)I)D.

< *o nature >e apply for truth in vain,

od should 7is >ill to human kind eEplain.<


I?;O, purgatory, <the paradise of fools,< Eii. 1N5.

I8;O, the earthFuake of, EEEvi. K.

I*)4/4+ ?/, *7), a Aying Hsh $ if he rises the birds

devour him$ if he dives, the Hshes eat him, Ei. 11%.

O;(OI*T, '4I:), his victory at 'rague, <ar of 1JS1,<

EEEiii. %#.

O:/I*+ ?/()8 IO:):) :4I?I/, Eii. J#.

oltaire IndeE 1K%

O:( O I??O4*/ 7/I4, the story of its loss, Eiv. JN.

O:(), MO7, 1Q#N-1J0S, the theistic philosophy of, vi. 1#%$

on the soul, the gift of thought to matter, Eiii. NJ0$

EEiii. N%# $ EEEv. N5J $ EEEiE. ##.

OI: vs. :O??O 8)8), vii. NS#.

O9)I), D9:7)88 O, a famous >oman of the >orld

>ho became a devout Mansenist, EEi. 15J.

O4DB8 '4/+)4, *7), its heretical and impracticable propo-

sitions, vi. NJ0.

O44/I) :/'*94)D from Duke :harles I. by the rench,

EEii. S5.

O8* /;O4. <hy should I take so much pains to

make myself unhappy!< *he 'rude, Eviii. N50.

O*B8 I), a theory touching, vi. J%.

O**)4+ O ?/44I/). <hen heaven makes a

Hne >oman, it al>ays at the same time forms a man

on purpose for her$ >e go in search of each other for

a long time, and make t>enty choices before >e HE

on the right.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N11.

ouis *7) D);O/I4), JJK-KS0, son of :harlemagne,

>eak but brutish$ tortured his nephe> and brothers,

EEiv. 1SJ.

the 8tammerer, )mperor of rance, KSQ-KJ%, EEiv. 1Q5.

III., 11KJ-1NNQ, EEiE. N5#.

I6., 8t., 1N15-1NJ0. 8ee the last :rusade, EEv. 1#S.

Bouis 6I+, /ge of,< in t>o volumes, EEii. -EEiii. our happy

ages, those in >hich the arts >ere brought to perfection,

Hrst, that of 'ericles and 'hidias, second that of the

:aesars, 7orace and itruvius, third that of ?ahomet

II. and the ?edicis, and fourth, that of ouis 6I.,

1Q#K-1J15, EEii. 5$ state of rance under ouis 6III.,

K $ state of ermany, >here luEuries and conveniences

of life >ere very scarce until introduced by rench

refugees in 1QKQ, 1J$ state of 8pain and 'ortugal, 1K$

state of )ngland, enslaved by :rom>ell >ith the gos-

pel in one hand, the s>ord in the other, and the mask

of religion on his face, N1 $ state of 4ome, rench

governments kiss the 'opeBs feet but tie his hands,



igo oltaire IndeE

NN$ state of 8>itLerland, 'oland, 8>eden, or>ay,

Denmark, *urkey, NJ$ manners of the age, >ar, trade,

religion, superstition, astrology, >itchcraft, eEorcism,

#S $ burning priests and ladies of rank for sorcery, #5 $

minority of ouis$ victories of the great :onde at

4ocroi, Dunkirk, etc., S1 $ Uueen /nne of /ustria

gives ?aLarin supreme po>er, SQ$ >ar of the ronde,

5N$ her unpopularity and Aight, 5#$ continuation of

civil >ar.

+oung ouis 6I. brought up in adversity, pur-

sued, >ith his mother C/nne of /ustria by :onde,

Q5 $ the royal army prospers, the battle of 8t.

/nthony indecisive, J1 $ ouis sanctions the banish-

ment of ?aLarin, JN $ and gains popular a@ection, JN.

rance torn in pieces by civil and foreign >ar $ ?aLa-

rin concludes the 'eace of estphalia, by >hich

/lsace is sold to rance, J5 $ ouis absolute master of

his kingdom in 1Q5#, at the age of 15, JJ$ surrenders

Dunkirk to the )nglish, KJ $ eEtraordinary character

and accomplishments of Uueen :hristina of 8>eden,

>ho resigned her cro>n, %0, and ordered the assas-



sination of a servant >ho had o@ended her, %N$

?aLarin tried to have ouis chosen )mperor, %#$ in-

trigues over the (ingBs marriage to the Infanta ?aria

*heresa, %%$ ?aLarinBs >ealth and po>er, 10N$ his

unregretted death, 10#$ character of, 10#.

ouis governs alone, 10Q$ rigid discipline at court and

in the army, 10J$ compels 8pain and 4ome to yield

him precedence $ buys back Dunkirk and fortiHes it,

11S$ gains glory for rench arms and improves the

state of the people at home, 11J$ conFuest of landers,

1N0$ grand celebrations on the return of the (ing to

'aris, 1NJ $ the 'eace of /iE la :hapelle, 1NJ $ steps by

)ngland, 7olland and 8>eden to preserve the balance

of po>er in )urope and check the ambition of ouis,

1## $ magniHcence of the (ing, 1#5 $ resolves to conFuer

the etherlands, 1S0$ 7olland, deserted by )ngland

and 8>eden, falls before the (ingBs enormous army,

oltaire IndeE 1%1

1S%$ massacre of the t>o chief statesmen of 7olland,

15%$ ouis no> the only strong (ing in )urope, 1QS$

7olland evacuated, 1J#$ re-conFuest of ranche-



:omte, 1J5 $ glorious campaign and death of *urenne,

1J5$ battles and victories, the 'eace of imeguen,

1QJK, 1K%.

:apture of 8trasburg, bombarding of /lgiers, submis-

sion of the enoese, N0Q$ ouis sends an embassy to

8iam, N1K$ 'ope Innocent 6 blames ouis for &oin-

ing >ith *urks against :hristians, N1%$ ouis took

/vignon from the 'ope and prepared to move against

the 'opeBs friend the erman )mperor, NN#. Mames

II. of )ngland, dethroned by the revolution of 1QKK,

is protected by ouis, NN# $ battle of the ;oyne >on

by illiam III. and the 'rotestants over Mames II.

and his rench allies, N## $ rance checked on sea

and land, N#K $ death of Mames II., the ill-fated 8tuarts,

NS0. /@airs in )urope, NS1 $ enemies of ouis, NS1 $

battle of 'hilippsburg, NS# $ burning of the 'alatinate,

N50, NQ#. rance still subduing her foes, NQS$ treaty

>ith 8avoy, the 'eace of 4ys>ick, NQJ $ ouis crippled

Hnancially, makes some restrictions of territory, NQ%$

noble character and rule of eopold of orraine, NJ0$

)urope troubled by the rise of t>o men, the most

eEtraordinary the >orld ever produced, 'eter the

reat and :harles 6II. of 8>eden, NJ5 $ :harles II. of

8pain, character and death of, and e@ects of his politi-

cal testament, NJK, NK5 $ great stroke of policy by >hich



ouis 6I. acFuired po>er over the 8panish mon-

archy and secured his dynasty, NKK$ he refuses to

recogniLe the sovereign title of the son of Mames II. of

)ngland, N%1 $ death of illiam III., N%S $ character of,

N%5 $ succession of Uueen /nne to the )nglish throne,

N%Q$ at siEty years of age ouis faces serious troubles

at home and abroad, N%%.

O9?) 66III.

*he >ar of 1J01, EEiii. 5 $ 'rince )ugene, his fam-

ily and early career, Q$ captures ?arshal illeroi at

1%N oltaire IndeE

:remona, 10$ Duke of ?arlborough, commander of

the Dutch and )nglish forces, 1J, N0$ ?arshal de

illars, brave but unpopular, NN$ battle of ;lenheim,

#1 $ terrible losses, #J $ the (ing informed by ?adame

de ?aintenon, #J $ ouis victorious in Italy, #% $ losses

in 8pain, the )nglish take ibraltar, S1 $ battle of

4amillies, SQ$ further losses of the rench and 8pan-

iards, 5Q$ ouis 6I. humbled, 5Q$ proposed in-

vasion of )ngland, QS$ capture of ille by 'rince



)ugene, QK$ rivals for the throne of 8pain, J0$ the

severe >inter of 1J0%, J# $ ouis asks favors, JS $ battle

of ?alplaFuet, JK $ the allies humiliate ouis, K1 $

)mperor Moseph a high-handed conFueror, KS$ the

8panish cro>n secured for 'hilip . by the victory

of illaviciosa, KK$ victory at Denain, %S$ the (ingBs

calamities, %J$ the 'eace of 9trecht, 100.

/necdotes of the reign of ouis 6I., 10%$ the

(ingBs amours, in$ his personal appearance and man-

ner, 11S, 1#0$ the ?an >ith the Iron ?ask, 11%$ court

life, entertainments in the palaces, 1NN$ ?adem-

oiselle la alliere, 1N#, 1#N, 1#Q, 155$ the feast of

ersailles, 1#S$ the gorgeous court uniforms, 1S1$

sumptuous household arrangements, 1SN $ patronage of

scholarship, pensions and presents, 1S# $ foreigners

not eEcluded, 1S5$ eminent men of the time, 1SJ$

?adame de ?ontespan, 155, 1Q1, 1Q#, 1J#, 1J5, 1J%,

1%K$ the (ing imprisons auLun, Due de ?ontpen-

sier for a day, 15K $ court scandals, 1Q5 $ secret poi-

sonings, the ?archioness ;rinvilliers, >ho poisoned

her father, t>o brothers, and sister, 1QK$ the iery

:hamber, a tribunal >hich sent secret poisoners to

be burnt alive, 1J0$ sonnet of the abortion, 1J#$ ?ad-

ame de ?aintenonBs rise, 1JQ$ privately married to the

(ing, 1K1 $ her cleverness, 1K# $ the (ingBs children,



1K5$ she founds the convent of 8t. :yr, 1K%$ her in-

Auence over the (ing, 1%0 $ ouis gro>s old, 1%1 $ his

greatness as a monarch, 1%S$ many deaths in his

family, 1%5 $ last years of ouis, N0# $ Hnances dis-

oltaire IndeE 1%#

ordered, ailing in body, depressed in mind, having

lost public respect, N0S $ betting on the (ingBs death,

N05 $ a digniHed departure, N0J $ his character, N0K.

ouis gives a (ingBs advice to (ings in the memo-

rial penned by his o>n hand, N11 $ counsels to his grand-

son, 'hilip . of 8pain, N15$ ouis not brilliant, but

&ust and noble, N1%$ characteristics of ouis 6I.,

N1%$ his children, NNK, N%K.

/s (ing, ouis encouraged his people to petition

him, >rote despatches himself, and >as a hard >orker,

N#0$ he remitted arrears of taEes, improved the roads,

and encouraged commerce, N#N $ established the )ast

and est India :ompanies, greatly beneHtting trade,

N#S$ encouraged marriage and large families, and

manufactures of every kind, N#Q $ ouis had a Hne taste



for architecture, landscape gardening, sculpture, and

elegant palaces, N#%$ entrance to the ouvre, 7otel

des Invalides, college of 8t. :yr, the observatory,

and the canal of anguedoc, monuments of his reign,

NSN$ improved legislation, NS#$ abolished duels, NSS$

gave uniforms to the troops, in >hich his eEample

>as follo>ed by all nations, NS5 $ established the use

of bayonets, and improved the management of artil-

lery, NSQ$ ouis Hrst started the practice of military

manoeuvers and sham battles in time of peace, NSK$ he

built a navy, and established colonies, N51 $ his in-

Auence upon the nation, N5S$ on manners, N5K$ the

Hnances under :olbert, NQ1-NJN$ multiplication of in-

dustries, NJ# $ progress of the sciences, NJJ-NKQ $ the

arts in the time of ouis 6I., NKQ$ greater advances

made by )ngland than by rance, NKJ$ ?ilton, aller,

)arl of Dorset, )arl of 4oscommon, Duke of ;ucking-

ham, Dryden, 'ope, /ddison, 8>ift, as poets, NK%$

)nglish scholars, theologians, philosophers, N%1 $ eib-

nitL, ;oerhaave, and Italian philosophers, N%Q$ the

children of ouis 6I. natural and legitimate, N%K$

celebrated artists, 'oussin, e 8ueur, ebrun, :laude

orraine, atteau, and others.

1%S oltaire IndeE

ouis 6., his sagacious policy in holding the balance be-

t>een bigots and the la>, EEE. N1K.

invasion of landers and ermany, <*he ar of

1JS1,< EEEiii. 1KS$ capture of reiburg, 1%S$ the >ar

becomes more violent than ever, N0Q$ the siege of

*ournay and battle of ontenoy, N1%.

ouvois, ?/4U9I8 D), 1QS1-1Q%1, his amours, EEiii. 15Q.

O). <hat cannot ove, the mighty conFueror, do!<

?ariamne, Evi. NSN.

, /4* O.

<*hus the deceitful passion hides itself

In virtueBs garb, and steals into the heart.<

?ariamne, Evi. N1%.

/D 7/*).

<7o> hard it is to look on those

ith eyes of hatred >hom >e >ish to love <

?ahomet, Evi. SK.

child. ote El. N#%.

feasts, :hristian, at Hrst pure, became orgies in the

third century, vii. 1Q1.

philtres $ the best is to be loving and lovable, viii. N#0.

O)B8 D)4))8.

<ove, like other passions, acts

ith di@erent force on di@erent minds.<

/melia, Evi. 10K.

8:)'*4). <ove alone

:an govern hearts. ?alicious, cruel fate,

hen it divided this fair universe

;esto>ed the better part on mighty love.<

'andora, Evii. N%J.

O))88. <hat avails

*he fairest form >ithout the conFuered heart!

here is the &oy to press >ithin our arms

/ 3 3 3 slave!< Orphan of :hina, Ev. N1N.

O)48.

<7o> is the lover! :an he ever taste

Of s>eet tranFuillity!< /melia, Evi. III.

O)B8 O8.

<hen a loverBs >ith his love,

B*is passion s>ays alike the heart and head$

oltaire IndeE 1%5

ired >ith this earthly paradise his lot

hatBs said at night, neEt morn may be forgot.<

a 'ucelle, El. S0.

OI (ID)88. </ od of mercy

I O). eakness,

/nd bless for once the lucky po>er of love.<

/melia, Evi. no.

9:4)*I98, ;. :. 50, /D 'O8IDOI98. 8ee DI/O9)8.

7is imaginary retort upon the :ardinal, EEEvii. SK.

9:998, ;. :. 110-5K, /D /:*/*I98, 6li. K#.

9I, M)/ ;/'*I8*), 1Q##-1QKJ, composer, EEiii. 15N.

98*, gaming and luEury prevail in proportion as the

church gro>s large and po>erful, Eiv. 1Q0.

9*7)4, 1SK#-15SQ, /D T9II98, EEvii. 5K$ the former

a vulgar demagogue, Q#$ inAuences at >ork in his

day, Q5$ tenets of their religion, J0$ utheranism in

8>eden, Denmark, ermany, JN$ atrocities, J#$ uther

grants a divorce, J5.

/D :/I. ere they to return to the >orld they

>ould make no more noise than the 8cotists and

*homists. *he reason is they >ould appear in an



1%Q oltaire IndeE

)**)48, ?) O, never encouraged by the :hurch as

such, 11J$ their re>ards >ere usually persecution,

IiK$ if free speakers, they travel rough roads, 11%.

I;), holy theological libels, 11%$ those of :yril and reg-

ory aLianLen against Mulian only published after his

death, 1N0.

I;)4*+. ockeBs deHnition of it as po>er, 1N1 $ a po>er-

ful dialogue on our alleged liberty of >ill, 1N1.

of opinion, dialogue of ;oldmind and ?edroso on,

1NQ.

of the 'ress$ free speech has rarely done harm, 1#0$

the great destructive >ork of 8pinoLa changed the

thought of the >orld but no priest has been a penny

the poorer, 1#1.

I), theories of, 1#S.

NNK.

?/I: /D8 O OD)4 O4()48, Eiii. 15N.

?// :7/4*/, eEtorted from Mohn by the barons, iE.

N%K$ EEv. Q5.

?/7O?)*, d. Q#N, his origin and character, EEiv. SK$

oltaire IndeE 1%J

age >hen men begin to be enlightened, EEEvii. NNK$

EEE. Q%, JJ.

96)?;O94, ?/487/, 1QNK-1Q%5, EEi&. N5N, N5J

9694+,

< (no> luEury >hich destroys a state

*hatBs poor, enriches one thatBs great.<

*he ?an of the orld, EEEvi. 1J1.

and :ommerce, EEEvii. N11, N1Q.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6 :ontinued.

/97*)4 9694+.

/97*)4, the greatest en&oyments are serious, Ei. 5K$

smiles may be malicious, 5%.

/, natural $ the obvious rights of property, Q0 $ Mean

MacFues 4ousseau <ill-conditioned,< a sneerer at >hat

the universal sense of mankind holds valuable and

sacred, <a thoroughly unsocial animal,< Q1 $ bad men

in po>er, and destructive forces in nature, do not

prove the failure of natural la>, >hich >orks beneH-

cently in the main, Q#.

the 8alic $ >omen have not reigned in rance because

the 8criptures say that lilies neither toil nor spin, Q5 $

eEamination of, QK-JJ.

of fundamental la>s, QQ $ :hristian communism, QJ.

civil and ecclesiastical, suggestions for the better ad-

ministration of &ustice, JJ.

/8, advisability of burning eEisting statutes and mak-

ing fe>er Is>s that >ould >ork >ell, speedily, and

economically, J%$ the 4oman code$ the rench and

)nglish, J%$ the la>s of :hina, KS$ republics and

monarchies among animals, fo>ls and insects, KJ$

natural la> on a desert island, %1 $ *amerlane as a la>

maker, %%$ criticisms of ?ontesFuieuBs <8pirit of

a>s,< 100-10K.

)*, taEing meat in, 10K$ the :hurch dieting the poor,

10%$ origin of the fast, in )gypt or in dyspepsia! ill.

)'4O8+ and smallpoE, speculations on their origin, 11N.

1%K oltaire IndeE

career, S%$ becomes master of /rabia, 5S$ death, 5S$

his regulations >ith respect to >ives, v. %Q$ EEiE.

1%N$ the (oran, N01.

?/7O?)* II. *7) 4)/*, 1S#0-1SK1, succeeded /murath

his father$ an educated nrince, cruel and >arlike$ be-

sieged the city in 1S5#, his feat of sending a hundred

and Hfty ships over greased planks into the harbor

into >hich they could not be sailed, EEvi. 11S$ his

troops get into the upper city, the )mperor :onstan-

tine >as killed, ?ahomet occupied the palace, and

turned the cathedral of 8t. 8ophia into a *urkish

mosFue, 11J$ he built a similar church for the :hris-

tians, and allo>ed them to choose their o>n 'atriarch,

>hom he personally installed, 11%$ *urkish toleration,

1N0$ EEE. %.

?/I?OID)8, 11#5-1N0S, Me>ish scholar and philosopher,

EEE. SK.

?/I*)O, ?/D/?) D), 1Q#5-1J1%, her rise to royal

favor, EEiii. 1JQ, 1K1, 1KJ, 1%%.

inAuence over ouis 6I. in the case of Mames II.,

EEii. N%1$ EEi. 1QJ, 1K1, 1KK$ EEEviii. N%0. 8ee DI/-

O9)8.

?/MO4I*I)8 /D ?IO4I*I)8, Ei. N#K, NSN.

?/MO4I*+, *7). </s for the cro>d,

*he babbling echo of one secret voice,

I heed it not.< 8emiramis, Evii. 1J1.

?/(I *7) ;)8* O I*. <ery >ell, my dear, but

let me tell you your >ise >oman never complains

>hen she is taken by a fool.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1J5.

?//4ID/, /*7)4, his remarkable miracles, EEE. NS#.

?/);4/:7), I:7O/8 D), 1Q#K-1J15, EEEviii. N%1.

?/)TI)9, ?. D), an <eEtensive and almost universal gen-

ius,< EiE. NS#.

?/ I *7) I4O ?/8(, v. 1K%$ EEiii. 11%$ his mien and

daily life, 1N0.

?/ O *7) O4D, *7). / poetical defence of luEury,

EEEvi. 1J0.

oltaire IndeE 1%%

?/4)D, EEiE. NQQ.

?/I/, is the immortal soul sub&ect to mortal ailments!

Ei. 15%.

?/I:7^)/8, *7), their vie> of this best of possible

>orlds, i. 1SJ, NS1, NQK.

?/I:7^)/I8?, Eii. K#$ their mysteries, 8t. /ugustine

&ustiHes them against slanderers, Eiv. NK%.

?/7OOD. <)very man has his follies at some part of

his life$ >e all go >rong, and he is least to blame

>ho repents the soonest.< anine, Eviii. 1#N.

?/)48 /D :98*O?8, in the time of :harlemagne, EEiv.

in$ barbarism of all classes, 11N$ misery, rapine, ig-

norance, 11S$ mode of >arfare, 11Q$ government and

trade, 11J$ monetary system, 11K$ :harlemagne unable

to >rite his o>n name, 1N1 $ music, clocks, the cal-

endar, dress, 1N#, religion, 1NS.

/rts and 8ciences in the fourteenth century, EEvi. SN.

?/)48. <?anners change >ith times.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. NNK.

<?/)48, *7) *74)),< EEvi. 1#1.



?/8/4D, 4/:I8, architect under ouis 6I., EEiii. NS0.

?/4/4)* O /MO9, 1SN%-1SKN, >ife of 7enry I. of )ng-

land, 1SSS, EEvi, NS#$ origin of ars of the 4oses

in )ngland, NSS$ her courage contrasted >ith her

husbandBs >eakness, NSQ$ fought in the battle of

orthampton, >as defeated, but >on a victory over

the Duke of +ork, and marched her troops to ondon

to free her husband, NSK$ another defeat and retreat,

>ith a Hnal e@ort by an army of Q0,000, against that

of ar>ick, the king-maker. ?argaret >as defeated

at *o>ton, #Q,000 of both sides being slain, N50$ she

Aed to 8cotland and rance, failed to get help from

ouis 6, but raised a ne> army and lost the battle

of 7eEham, her deposed husband Aying in one direc-

tion, she in another, N5N$ 7enry regains his cro>n,

his eEtraordinary ups and do>ns, N5# $ ?argaret

raises another army, but meets her Hnal defeat at

*e>kesbury, 1SJ1, 7enry murdered in the *o>er,

NOO oltaire IndeE

her son murdered, ?argaret died of a broken heart,



1SKN.

?/4:)98, d. N0K ;. :, his unreasonable revolt, viii. no.

?/4:98 /94)I98, 1N1-1K0, a pure theist, E. 1#J.

/urelius, :aracalla, 7eliogabalus, /leEander, 'hilip-

pus, allienus, these 4oman rulers protected the

:hristians, EEiv. Q%.

/urelius and a 4ecollet riar. 8ee DI/O9)8.

?/4I/ *7)4)8/, 1J1J-1JK0, her heroic struggles, EEE.

1JQ$ the )nglish help her, 1JK, 1KN, 1K5, 1K%$ she as-

sumes the sovereignty of the /ustrian states in 1JS0,

EEEiii. S# $ her courage in the day of trouble, 5# $ )ng-

land and 7olland aid her cause, 5S$ her rival, the

)lector of ;avaria, cro>ned as :harles II., after the

fall of 'rague, 5K$ she raises and leads a ne> army to

recapture the city, >hich >as starving, J1 $ the siege

turned into a blockade $ is cro>ned Uueen of 7un-

gary and carries on the 8even +ears ar against

'russia, 10S$ more trouble, 1J%$ (ing of 'oland de-

clares in favor of ?aria *heresa, 1%K.

?/4;O4O97, MO7, D9() O, 1Q50-1JNN, ambassador



from Uueen /nne to :harles 6II. of 8>eden, EE. 1#%.

eneral of the confederate armies of )ngland and

7olland, 1J0N, EEiii. 1J$ victories and re>ards, N0$

his )nglish estate of ;lenheim, #K$ heaps humiliations

on ouis 6I., JQ.

his popularity and po>er in )ngland, KK$ the duchess

supreme in Uueen /nneBs household, K%$ career and

character, %1.

?/4O*, :)?)*, 1S%Q-15SS, EEEvi. QS$ invented the ron-

deau.

?/4OTI/, mistress of 4ome in %N% caused the death of

one pope and made her illegitimate son by 'ope 8er-

gius III. his successor, EEiv. NNQ.

?/44I/), a secular contract, independently of any relig-

ious ceremony, Eiii. 1#S. 8ee O?), 'O+/?+.

dispensations, the fees for, Eiii. 1#K.

?/44I)D '4I)8*8 )6:O??9I:/*)D ;+ 'O') 4)O4+, vii.

N01.



oltaire IndeE N01

?/48I, ?/487/, at ;lenheim,, EEiii. #N.

?/4*), :7/4)8, QK%-JS1, conFueror of the conFuering

/rabs, EEiv. 115$ his damnation, 1#1.

?/4*+48, an eEamination into the causes of the perse-

cutions of the early :hristians, iv. 1J#$ Ei. N11. 8ee

*O)4/*IO.

?/4+, U9)) O 8:O*8, 15SN-15KJ, EEviii. #0$ )liLabethBs

rival in cro>ns, religion, understanding, and beauty$

had a soft and loving heart, >hich caused all her

misfortunes, #1 $ a >ido> at nineteen, her amour >ith

4iLLio and his murder in her presence, causing the

unborn (ing Mames to have a horror of s>ords, #N$

amour >ith ;oth>ell, >ho connived at the murder

of her husband, Darnley, ## $ marries ;oth>ell, and

is abandoned by her supporters, #S$ gathers a ne>

army but is defeated and imprisoned by )liLabeth

for eighteen years, and is beheaded in 15KJ, #K$ an

indelible stain on the memory of )liLabeth, but it is

fanatical >eakness to canoniLe ?ary as a martyr to

religion $ she >as only a martyr to adultery, to the

murder of her husband, and to her o>n imprudence,

EEviii. #K. 8ee )IT/;)*7.

?/88, the Order of the, its origin and development, EEiv.

1##.

?/88/:4) O 8*. ;/4*7OO?)B8 D/+, <*he 7enriade,<

EEEviii. #0-#J.

?/88)8, *7). the people >ell$

/ day >ill change them $ lavish of their love

/nd of their hatred $ both are gained >ith ease.<

:cesar, EiE. 10%.

?/88IO, ;I87O', 1QQ#-1JSN, EEEvii. N%1 $ note, El. %0.

?/8*)4+. <*here has been no gaining mankind, at

least hitherto, by proposing to them only the simple

and easy $ the master >ho is most rigid is al>ays

the most listened to.< eneral 7istory, EEvii. KS.

<earn henceforth,

*o be the mistfess of thyself.<

/lsire, Evii. 1S-

N0N oltaire IndeE

?/*4I?O+. <:ome, come, money makes the best

matches.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1J1.

?/**)4, ?O*IO, 8O9, EEEvii. 15N.

?/9D+ *7948D/+ eEecrable farces, Eiv. 1%.

?/9')4*9I8, 'I)44) ouis ?O4)/9 , 1Q%K-1J5%, Eii. S5 $

satiriLed as Dr. /kakia, EEEvii. 1K#.

?/T/4I, :/4DI/, 1Q0N-1QQ1, made supreme by Uueen

/nne of /ustria, EEii. SQ $ banished by ouis 6I. JN $

his career, K1.

assumption of royal state and po>er, EEii. 10N $ his

vast >ealth, 10N$ death, unregretted, 10#.

and the Mansenists, EEi. 1SK$ EEiii. 115, 1NJ.

?)/894) O4 ?)/894).

<7e hates the >orld $

*hey say he has reason.<

anine, Eviii. 1Q#.

?)/*, taEing meat in ent for the beneHt of hospitals, Ei.

10K.

?)::/, eighth century pilgrimages to, EEiv. 1K%.

?)DI:I, :/*7)4I) D), 151%-15K%, her position bet>een

:atholics and 'rotestants, EEviii. SJ $ had planned the

massacre of 8t. ;artholome>Bs day for t>o years, 5K$

her superstitions, QJ $ regent of the kingdom, J1 $

mother of 7enry III., >ho advised the murder of

uise, K# $ EEEviii. N5.

?/4+ D), >ido> of 7enry I. of rance, EEviii. 1NQ,

1#1 $ her troubles >ith her son and ?arshal dB/ncre,

1#S, 1#%, 1JJ, 1KJ, N11.

?)DI:I), and natural la>, Ei. 1QQ.

<?)DI:I) O4 *7) ?ID,< a curious diet cure, Eii. 1S5.

?)DIO:4I*+.

<;ut geniuses I must prefer

*hough even nobly >ild they err,

*o pedants >hose eEact discourse

Is void of genius as of force.<

erses to rederic, EEEvi. %K.

?)O, his >ork on :ommerce, EEEvii. N1#.

<?)?O *7) '7IO8O'7)4.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

oltaire IndeE N0#

?)?O4I/, >ritten by ouis 6I., EEiii. N11.

?) O )**)48 /D 8:I):) '/*4OIT)D ;+ ouis 6I.,

EEiii. 1S#.

?)TI(O, '4I:), eneral of 4ussian army, EE. 1NQ$

defeats the 8>edes, 1NJ$ pursues :harles 6II. after

the battle of 'oltava, 1K0$ his fate, NN#.

?)4:I9, *7).

<'rophet more gentle than austere, >hose reign

+ielded her comfort, in adultery taBen $

hose feet to ?agdalen >ere not denied,

;ut by that sinner bathed >ith tears and dried.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. 1SJ.

?)4:94+, or 7ermes, *rismegistus does not mention

?oses, Eii. N1.

?)4:+ I M98*I:).

<*he manBs not &ust >ho punishes alone,

*he &ust are still benevolent.<


?)4I*.

<*hy family, thy valor, or the pride

Of a loose prodigal in sho>s and feasts

/nd idle pomp $ could these entitle thee

*o such eEalted honors!< :atiline, Evii. N#5.

<ho by his merit can lay claim to bliss!<


?)88I/7, 8/;/*)I-8)I, *7) /8), EEiE. 10J$ EEE. N%1.

?)*/'7+8I:/ DO?/8, Mesus did not teach any, Ei. N%.

?)*/'7+8I:8, <>e may kno> all about them >ithout

having learned anything,< Eiv. 1NN.

?)*)?'8+:7O8I8, the oldest dogma in the >orld, vi. NK1$

Ei. NQK$ the doctrine condemns the killing of our fel-

lo> creatures for food, Eiv. 15%.

?I*O, MO7, 1Q0K-1QJS. <*here can be no end to

the praises his chief poem merits. 7e >ill ever con-

tinue the boast and admiration of the )nglish nation,

>ill al>ays be compared to 7omer, >hose faults are

eFually great, and al>ays preferred to Dante, >hose

imagination is even more eEtravagant,< EEiii. NK%.

N:ZS oltaire IndeE

?I7* O 4I7*.

<*hat right >hich Hrm, eEalted spirits claim

OBer vulgar minds.< ?ahomet, Evi. S1.

?II8*4+. </ holy priest

8hall visit thee, and open the fair book

Of >isdom, clear thy mindBs obstructed sight,

/nd give thee liberty and life.<

Taire, EiE. 55.

?I4/;/9DB8 8+8*)? O /*94), iE. JQ$ N#5.

?I4/:), a violation of inviolable la>, Ei. NJN.

?I4/:)- O4()48 in modern times, their eEhibits of

crutch and truss trophies, as in the old pagan days,

iE, NJ.

?I4/:9O98 ;/;+7OOD O TO4O/8*)4, Eiv, #0#.

?I4/DO/, 'ico D) /, 1SQ#-1S%S, a royal prodigy of learn-

ing, EEvi. N0# $ kne> t>enty-t>o languages at eighteen,

and renounced his principality, 1S%S, N0S.

?I44O4.

<If youBre so fond of virtue, Bt>ould become yoti

*o kno> and practice it.< /lsire, Evii. S5.

?I4*7.

<7eart-easing mirth inhabits there,

?irth, >ho in repartee delights,

hose satire pleases, never bites.<

*o a :ountess, EEEvi. N#Q.

?I8)4+ 9?/8. <*he >retched soon unite, and

soon divide.< Orestes, Evii. in.

?I8O4*9).

<*he serious lessons >hich misfortune brings

/re needful often, and of use to (ings.<

*he 7cnriade, EEEviii. 50.

?I8O)4?)*.

<*hus, by my people still oppressed, I see

Mustice give >ay to faction, interest still,

*he arbiter of fate, sells needy virtue

*o po>erful guilt $ the >eak must to the strong

or ever yield.< ?erope, Ev. #S.

?I88IO8 *O 7)/*7), <(no> that >e :hristians alone on

oltaire IndeE N05

the earth are in the right and that >e ought to be

masters every>here,< Eiv. in.

?I88IO/4I)8, futility of sending them to disturb the

:hinese, vii. %S.

?O; 'O'9/4I*+ usually implies inferiority of merit, Eiv.

5K-

?OD)8. <In this >orld one is rafely >hat he ought

to be.< etters, EEEviii. 1%#.

?O9, *7), EEE. NQS$ astronomy and astrology in India,

EEE. NQS.

?O) /D / /* Discuss /4:7I*):*94) I() 8(I)D

:)4I:8, iE. N5N.

?OI)4), M)/ ;/'*I8*), 1QNN-1QJN, EEiii. 1#J$ EEE. 10N$

EEEvi. QJ $ EEEviii. N%N.

and 8carron compared, vi. N%1.

?OI/, 15#5-1Q00, the Mesuit, eEplained the operations

of odBs mind. Mansenism, EEi. 1S#.

?OIO8, ?I:7/), 1QS0-1Q%J, founder of the Uuietist

sect, EEi. 1KJ.

?OO:7, the burning idol into >hich Me>ish children >ere

cast to death, Eiv. 11#.

?O/4:7I)8, >hy they prevail, viii. 10.

?O/4:7+.

<?onarchy so oft admired, so oft

Detested by us, is the best or >orst

Of human governments $ a tyrant (ing

ill make it dreadful, and a good, divine.<

;rutus, Ev. NK0.

?O)+. <In the age >e live in everything may be had

of everybody but money.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1QQ.

historians prone to be ignorant in their valuation

of money in ancient times, EEiv. N53

and the 4evenues of (ings, EEEvii. N1%.

making. Invention of the art of making money by

'urgatory, Eiii. #0.

?/4()*. <*he devil is certainly at the bottom

of this business.< anine, Eviii. 1S0.

?O(8 /8 8/) O)48, vii. 1K#.

N0Q oltaire IndeE

)mperor :onstantine :opronymus, in eighth century,

styled the monks abominable >retches, EEiv. %#.

likened to chicken-killing >easels, Eiii. NN1.

/D 98. <*here are about seven thousand

houses for monks and more than nine hundred con-

vents for >omen belonging to the ranciscans $ an

intolerable nuisance >here there is an evident de-

crease of the human species,< EEvii. 1#K.

?O()+8 /D ?), alike in levity of ideas, the talent of

imitation, and inconstancy, Ei. KK.

?OO'OI)8, :O??)4:I/. <hen commerce is

in a fe> hands, some people make prodigious fortunes,

>hile the greater number remain poor$ but >hen

commerce is more >idely di@used, >ealth becomes

general and great fortunes are rare,< EEEvii. 1%.

<?O8*)48 >ho need superstitions, &ust as the giLLard

of a raven needs carrion,< Eiv. 10#.

?O*/I), ?I:7) )+U9)?, 15##-15%N, on cannibalism,

vii. 15$ on kissing, Ei. 5K$ manBs duality, EEi. N1J,

NSQ$ his style neither pure, correct, nor noble, EEEvii.

1#-

?O*)8'/, ?/D/?) D), 1QS1-1J0J, note, Eli. 10J. 8ee

</) O ouis 6I.<

?O*)8U9I)9B8 <8'I4I* O /8,< 1JSK, viii. NJN$ his mis-

taken vie> of early :hristianity, NJ# $ Ei. 100 $ un-

trust>orthy on the slavery Fuestion, Eiii. N1%$ EEEviii.

N%N. 8ee <8'I4I* O /8.<

?O*)T9?/, )mperor of ?eEico, 1SJ1. 8ee :O4*)8.

?O*?O4):+, D9() O, the most amiable nobleman in

rance, 1Q#1^ EEviii. 1%#.

?OO87I).

<*he moonBs pale course spoke midnight near at hand,

*he hour for bliss, >hich lovers understand.<

a 'ucelle, El. #J.

<*he banFuet ended, mirth and &est >ent round$

;lind to their o>n, their neighborsB faults >ere found.<

a 'ucelle, El. #%.

oltaire IndeE N0J

?OO48 I 8'/I, *7), EEiv. 1KS$ decline of their empire,

1K5, NKN.

?O4/I*+, brought to the highest perfection by the :hi-

nese, EEiv. N%$ never did depend on belief in incredi-

bilities, Eiv. #Q.

?O4/8, no public la>s against, viii. S0.

?O4*/ ?/. <Our days are numbered$ >e must

yield to fate.< :aesar, EiE. 1#5.

?O4*II:/*IO8 /D ')48O/ /I*+, vi. 1QJ.

?O8)8, his life and death, v. NQ0$ in his la>s he makes

no mention either of re>ards or punishments after

this life $ >as not great as a scientist, and kne> noth-

ing of hell, E. 1%$ EEEvii. 1Q1.

?O*7)4 O 4/;;I*8, an eEtraordinary eEample of fraud

and credulity, Eiii. NKQ.

?O*IO, Eii. S1.

?O98) D)I)4)D O / ?O9*/I, or vice versa,, eFually

admirable miracles, Eii. S5.

?48. 49D+. <O, never heed >hat the >orld >ill

say $ I >as afraid of its scandal before I loved, but

no> I despise it.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N55.

?9874OO?, as much the >ork of inHnite >isdom as the

making of all the >orlds, Eiv. K0.

?usic cannot render an epigram, Eiv. NNJ.

?98I:/ I8*49?)*8, abolished for t>o centuries from

eneva under :alvinistic religiosity, EEvii. KS.

?+8*)4I)8, the ancient, ceremonies at, E. N05$ charges

against the early :hristians, E. N1 1.

?+8*)4+ O I).

<?ysteries like these can no man penetrate,

7id from his vie> remains the book of fate.

?an his o>n nature never yet could sound,

7e kno>s not >hence he is, nor >hither bound.<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. 1J.

?+*7OO+ O 8:/DI/I/, EEiy. 1#J.



N0K oltaire IndeE

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6 :ontinued.

?/D)88 ?O9*/I.

?/D)88, is the immortal soul sub&ect to mortal ailments!

15%.

?/I:, spirit-resurrectionists >ork not for philosophers,

1QS $ their art a very ancient one, but their greatest

adepts never come back, 1QS.

?//D+, medicine, the candid physician and his be>ildered

royal patient, 1QQ.

?/, one-third of his life spent in sleep, 1J0$ di@erent

races of, 1JS$ ?unchausen stories told by Merome

and /ugustine, as pious facts, 1J5$ is man born



>icked! 1K1 $ in a state of nature, 1KS$ operation of

od on man, 1KK-1%S.

?/44I/) :O*4/:*, *7), 1%J$ marriages >ith heretics,

dicta of /ugustine and 'ope ;enedict I., 1%K $ rench

la> of, N01.

?/4+ ?/D/), her life poetiLed, N05$ but ?ary >as

really not a ?archioness nor aLarus, her brother,

:ount of ;ethany, N0Q.

?/4*+48, lives of the, N1#-NNQ.

?/88, its beginnings and gro>th, NN%$ /cts of Mohn, tells

of the mass dance, Fuoted by the 8econd :ouncil of

ice, N#N.

?/88/:4)8 on account of religion, N#Q.

?/8*)4, the philosophy of mastership, N#Q$ an Indian

fable, N#K.



?/**)4, motion, mind $ >e kno> little of either, NSN.

?))*I8, public a NSJ.

?)88I/7, a clerical revie> of the claims of false ?es-

siahs, NS%.

?)*/?O4'7O8I8 among the gods, NQK.

?)*/'7+8I:8, the romance of the mind, NQ%.

?ID, limits of the human, does not even kno> itself

NJ1.

oltaire IndeE N0%

?I4/:)8, a violation of inviolable la>, NJN $ pagan mir-

acles, NJ5 $ miracles of the saints, attested by the

)arly athers, NJJ $ /ugustineBs and MeromeBs stories,

NJ%$ a theocracy must be founded on miracles, NKS$

8amsonBs asinine feat, NK5$ )li&ahBs Aaming chariot,

NKQ$ the adarene s>ine, *homas oolston, of :am-

bridge 9niversity, a :hristian disbeliever in miracles,

NKK $ the e> *estament miracles eEamined, N%0.

?I88IO8, a Mesuit testimony, #0N.



O. 6II.

?. :O*I9)D.

?O)+, general vie> of the >orldBs, Eii. 5 $ >ith money

(ings got soldiers, and >ith soldiers they stole money,

%$ /brahamBs shekels, n$ easier to >rite about money

than to get it, 1#.

?O8*)48, cross-breeds, prodigies, 1#.

?O4/I*+, there is but one, 1K.

?O8)8, not mentioned by the )gyptian *rismegistus, N1$

8olomonBs *emple had statues, though forbidden by

?oses, NN $ authenticity of the 'entateuch Fuestioned,

NQ $ miraculous increase of the race from seventy per-

sons to t>o millions in t>o centuries, #1 $ eEamination

of the life and deeds of ?oses, ##.

?O*IO )88)*I/ *O ?/**)4, something the matter >ith

the proposition. S1 $ theories of eibnitL and ?auper-

tuis, SS.

?O9*/I D)I)4)D O / ?O98), or vice versa, eFually

admirable as a miracle, S5.

/DI4 87/7, 1QKK-1JSJ, EEiE. 1N%.

/()D O487I'')48 in early times, Eii. 5K.

/')8 /D 8I:I+, orman conFuest of, EEiv. N5N, NQ%.

:harles III. and the conFuest of, EEEi. 1QJ, 1%N.

Nio oltaire IndeE

/44O ?ID8. <)verything great and noble is sure

to be attacked by narro> minds.< EEii. go.

/*IO/ D);*8. </ state >hich is indebted only

to itself can never be impoverished, and even debts

are a spur to industry.< EEEvii. NN5.

/*94), necessity, freedom, iE. J5.

<7o> deeply simple nature delights me< Ev. 1J.

/*94/ /, dialogue on, Ei. Q0$ Eii. S, SK.

/) O M)898, >orshipped in otre Dame for ages,

thro>n a>ay by the ;ishop of :halons in 1J0N, EEi.

10Q.

);9:7/D)TT/4, note, El. 1Q%.

)):*.

< Oft the soldier, honored in the Held,

In courts neglected lies, and is forgotten.<

8emiramis, Evii. 151.

)?)8I8. <ortune oft

Deserts us$ from the silence of oblivion

8ometimes a secret may spring forth, and heaven

;y slo> and solemn steps, may bring do>n vengeance.<

?erope, Ev. S0.

) /I*7 /'O8*)8. <?y od >hat an odd

miEture it is ho> strangely the old gentleman &umbles

his ideas together< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 15#.

) O4?8.

< 7e bore the pastoral croLier in his hand,

hich >as in ancient times the /ugurBs >and.<

a 'ucelle, El. SS.

)8*O4I98, his pious method of putting do>n heretics,

E. SK.

)*O, 8I4 I8//:, 1QSN-1JNJ, his theory of attraction,

vii. N10$ even he had his superstitions, iE. N%$ E. 150$

EEiii. N%1 $ EEEvi. JS, N%% $ EEEvii. 1QS.

sketch of his system of philosophy, and that of Des-

cartes, EEEvii. 1QS, 1JN.

I:), *he 8econd :ouncil of, JKQ$ its approval of image

>orship, EEiv. 1N5. 8ee :O9:I8.

I*4)- /*)4 as a means of prolonging life, Eiu #%.

oltaire IndeE N11

O/7, >e have songs to ;acchus, but none to oah, >ho

gave us >ine, vii. NK%.

O/I)8, :/4DI/ D), and the refractory nuns, EEi. 15%$

a relative of ?adame de ?aintenon, 1QS, 1Q5, 1QQ, 1QJ.

?/487/ D), 1QJK-1JQQ, victory on the *er, EEii. N5J.

O;II*+, EEE. 1N-N5.

< 7e >ho serves

7is country >ell reFuires not ancestry

*o make him noble.< ?erope, Ev. #Q.

. ., O-IU9)* Cit is not clear. *o be noted at the

end of every metaphysical and theological dogma,

Eii. K%.

O4;)4, ?., author of a ife of :harles 6II. of 8>eden,

to >hom he had been chaplain$ letter to him from

oltaire, criticising his book, EEi. 5%.

O4?/8, *7), of the ninth century, corsairs and ravag-

ers of )urope, EEiv. 1QJ$ orman conFuest of )ng-

land, EEiE. N#%.

<O4*7 /?)4I:/ 8//)8, *7), >ere entirely republi-

can,< viii. J%.

O)*+ ?I8*/() for merit or taste, Eiv. SK.

O)48 O. <*he multitude >e kno>

Is ever >avering, Hckle, and inconstant.<

:cesar, EiE. 1S#.

9?/ 'O?'II98, the >ise pagan ruler >ho forbade the

use of images of deity in temples, and >hose virtuous

life >as a model for kings, Eiii. QJ.

9?;)48. <*he people,

)ver capricious, turbulent, and bold.<

?ariamne, Evi. N11.

98, EEE. KQ$ legends of saintly nuns, note, El. %0$ un-

der inspection by 7enry III., Eii. %1.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6II.

/I8 O *7) :4O88, di@erent varieties sho>n as relics,

Eii. SQ.

/*94), dialogue bet>een a philosopher and, SK.

N1N oltaire IndeE

):)88/4+, ecessity$ dialogue bet>een Osmin and

8elim, Eii. 5N.

), ovelties$ the craLe for the latest out, Eii. 5J.

9DI*+, in early modes of >orship, 5K.

9?;)4, ho> deHned, Q0$ the superstition of mystic vir-

tue in numbers, threes, sevens, and QQQ, <the mark of

the beast.< QN.

9?;)4I, of the tribes, QS$ David brought trouble on

his people by merely counting them, Q5 $ 4oman cen-

suses, QK$ 8criptural miscalculations to be accepted by

faith, J1.


O, ?/4U9I8 DB, controller of Hnances under 7enry III,

EEviii. JQ.

:/)8, the Hsh that preached and >rote, E. 1S5.

O/*78.

ord than sacred altars

Oft stained >ith human per&ury and falsehood.<

:cesar, EiE. %%.

O;*)?')4/*), *o Cother>ise, to obey, EEE. N1%.

O:*/I98, >hy he banished Ovid, Eii. 1N%.

O)D O* *7) <8/:4)D< *498*8, Eiii. N#Q.

OD *)8*/?)*, *7), its repulsive side, iv. N05$ contra-

dictions, vii. NJN.

O?/4, 5K1-QSS, successors of ?ahomet, EEiv. 5%.

O?)8.

< B*is thus >e sometimes vie> at dead of night

/ comet in its vast career of light$

*he 'ope is a>ed, and the >orld, struck >ith fear,

irmly believes the >ines >ill fail that year.<

a 'ucelle, Eii. SJ, NK#.

O?I'O*):), Eii. 55$ see I;)4*+.

oltaire IndeE N1#

O?I'4)8):). < 8pace, that contains the immensity

of od.<

On the e>tonian 'hilosophy, EEEvi. #00.

OIO8 /D :/*8 not to be lightly spoken of >here they

are venerated as sacred, as are >afers and old bones

among other conservative thinkers, Eiii. J%.

O')4/ Italian, and libretti$ letter to :ardinal Uuirini,

EEEvii. 11K.

O4/*O4+.

< :icero may serve us >ith his eloFuence

/nd that alone$ he can harangue the 8enate,

;ut is too timid in the hour of danger.<

:aesar, EiE. 11J.

O4D)/, trial by, tricks in applying the hot and cold >ater

tests, poison and red-hot iron, EEiv. 1SN, 1%J, N%Q.

O4D)48, 4eligious $ the ranciscans, EEE. KN $ Mesuits, KS.

O4I) advises the use of con&uration, or mystical terms$

7ebre> names of od sound better, and therefore

>ork more >onders than in the mother-tongue, Eiii.

KN.

O4I/??), *7), note, Eli. %K.

O4II O )I, Eii. K# $ see OD.

of ent, in )gypt or in dyspepsia! Ei. in.

O4II/ 8I, Eii. KJ, 11K$ see OD.

>icked to say >e are bcrn in, Eiv. N15.

O4II/ 8I.

< irtue may please, yet ho>soeBer obeyed,

e still retain a taste for our Hrst trade.<

a 'ucelle, El. NJS.

O4II/I*+.

< et others in their lyric lays

8ay the same thing a thousand >ays,

*he >orld >ith ancient fables tire $

I ne> and striking truths admire.<

erses to rederic, EEEvi. %K.

<O4/DO 94IO8O,< by udovico /riosto, 1SJS-15##. <*hat

>hich above all charms me in this >onderful >ork is

that the author is al>ays above his sub&ect, and treats

it playfully,< viii. N5Q.

N1S oltaire IndeE

<O4)/8, *7) ?/ID O< El. Eli.

siege of, by the )nglish, EEvi. ## $ defeated by Moan

of /rc, #S$ note, El. 5K, 1#%$ Eli. NJQ.

O4*7ODO6+.

< 7e thinks all those >ho are not circumcised

/re by his od re&ected and despised,

/nother thinks he ;rahmaBs favor gains

hilst he from eating rabbitsB Aesh abstains $

/gainst their neighbors all alike declaim

/nd brand them >ith the unbelieverBs name.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #1.

O8:9/*IO a poor name for kissing, Ei. 5# $ treacherous

kisses of :assius, Mudas, Mudith, Othello, 5S$ early

:hristian love feasts, 55. 8ee 'I)O8.

O*7O *7) 4)/*, )mperor of ermany in %#Q, restored

part of :harlemagneBs empire and helped :hristianity,

EEiv. NN0$ compelled the 'ope to cro>n him )mperor

of the 4omans in %Q1, NN%$ his arraignment of the

'ope on charges of licentiousness and cruelty, N#0, N#S.

O**O?/ )?'I4) in the siEteenth century, EEvii. N5K.

in the seventeenth century, EEiE. %5 $ siege of ienna,

11#-

O9*/, *7). rested from me by that cruel decree $ I am but a poor

departed ghost that hovers round its tomb.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 10.

O)4MO+.

< *ears, >hich redouble every fond delight,

/nd heavenly feelings of the soul eEcite.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. 1S1.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6II. :ontinued

O::9* OID.

O::9* U9/I*I)8. )very principle is occult, and to be



regarded >ith reverent respect, Eii. J#.

O):)8, ocal. e may be criminal in one country

and innocent in others, for our opinions and acts, JS.

oltaire IndeE N15

O/, incestuous crimes, JQ.

O'IIO, ages reFuired to destroy a popular, J%.

O'*I?I8?. Does od take pleasure in great calamities!

K0$ 'lato as hard to understand as eibnitL, >ho eE-

pounds him, K1.

O4/:)8, ho> the early church honored the devil as having

mastery of the >orld, go$ suppression of monasteries

in )ngland and eEposure of pious frauds, %N $ ho>

an Dale smashed the oracles, %# $ the story of Maco-

vello, %5 $ the confessional, %J$ pagan oracles, %%$ >hen

they ceased, 10J.

O4D)/, trial by, 10J$ an early Me>ish institution, in$

(orah, Dathan and /biram against /aron, dreadful

slaughters the result of the lottery, 11N$ other ;ible

lotteries, the knack of s>allo>ing Hre >ithout harm,

<#-

O4DI/*IO, the case of ;ishop avardin, founder of the

order of ood ello>s, >ho declared that none of his

priests >ere truly ordained because, in ordaining them,

he purposely reserved the intention of conferring any

sacrament, 11Q.

O4II/ 8I, nothing of :alvinism in the ;ible or the

>ritings of the early athers, 11K$ /damBs long respite,

11%$ /ugustine introduced the doctrine, 1N0$ :lement,

Origin and 'elagius denied the doctrine, 1N1 $ :yrano

de ;ergerac, 1NQ.

OID, ;. : S#-/. D. 1J. his banishment, 1NJ$ its cause,

the preteEt of Octavius, 1N%$ ;ayleBs criticism of

OvidBs philosophy, 1#1 $ criticism of ;ayle, 1#S.


'//8, so called from the people of the little to>ns

called 'agi, >here the old idolatries prevailed to the

eighth century, EEiv. JJ$ their oracles, the trickeries

behind, Eii. %%, NK0.

'/I, the necessity of, iE. NQS.

N1Q oltaire IndeE

'/I*)D 7)/4*8. <7er heart, like her face, is

painted and disguised.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N0%.

'/^OO98, )?')4O4 MO7, EEE. 5. 8ee MO7 '/.)-

OO98.

?ichael, I#th century, )mperor of the )ast, intro-

duced the fashion of putting out peopleBs eyes by boil-

ing vinegar, as an improvement on the red-hot metal

plate, EEv. 1S%.

'/)8*I) in the time of the :rusades, EEv. KK $ its lack of

natural charm, Ei. K.

and the :rusades, EEiE. N55.

'/O88, ?/8*)4, a great philosopher, his eEperiences of

life, i. QN, N5Q, NJ#.

'/'/ 'O)4, source of the, EEiv. K#.

'/')4 ?O)+ not necessarily >ealth, Eiii. SK.

'/'79:I98, ;I87O', held that marriage is chastity, vii.

1%%.

'/4/;) O O)4?)*, iE. NJJ.

of the t>elve philosophers on an uninhabited island,

Eiii. N%K.

'/4/DI8), 7)4)!

< *heologians, learned and bold,

InFuired >here )den lay of old $

IBm not so critically nice,

'aris to meBs a 'aradise.<

*he orldling, EEEvi. KK.

'/4)*/), a commentary on the Hfth commandment,

iE. ##-

'/4I8, 8/I*, note, El. 1NQ.

'/4I8I/8, *7), used to be a serious people in ancient

times, iE. 11%.

'/4I/?)*, *7) )I87, took its permanent form in

1#00, EEv. NJK.

EEEiE. 5.

of 'aris, EEiE. #05.

'/4?/, D9() O, EEvii. N%J$ EEviii. J, %J.

'/4*+ 8'I4I*, EEEviii. NQN.

'/8:/, ;I87O' ;/I8), 1QN#-1QQN$ one of his <*houghts<

oltaire IndeE N1J

on man, Ei. 1KQ$ he >as the chief of rench satirists,

of >hom DespreauE >as the second, EEi. 151 $ he

created rench <style,< Eiv. 5 $ remarks on his

<*houghts,< EEi. N1N $ philosophy, N1S $ ?ystery, N15 $

contradictions, N1J$ faith or reason, N1%$ life, NN1$

Me>s, NNN $ self-love, NNQ $ >it, NSS $ poetry, N55 $ liver-

ies, NQ1 $ EEEviii. N%Q.

'/88IO.

< 7o>eBer the soul may act >hich virtue guides,

Its secret motions, natureBs children still

?ust force their >ay$ they >ill not be subdued,

;ut in the folds and >indings of the heart

urk still, and rush upon -us $ hid in Hres

e thought eEtinguished, from their ashes rise.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1QN.

'/8*O4, *7) OOD. < In solitude

Obscure he lives$ his holy ministry

)ngrosses all his care$ is al>ays seen

ithin the temple, never at the court.<

8emiramis, Evii. 151.

'/*)4I*+, 7/8 OD! vi. N0.

as born to be an unfortunate father.<

*he 'rodigal, EiE. 1SJ.

'/*78 O O). < ove a man to hell may guide.<

*he 'adlock, EEEvi. 1JQ.

'/*I):). <*ime softens all things.<

:asar, EiE. 10N.

'/+8.

<7ereBs your la>yer, sir,<

< O let him >ait.< anine, Eviii. 1#5.

'/*(9, 4ussian soldier and statesman, treacherously

murdered by :harles 6II. of 8>eden, EE. N%, 11%$ his

terrible death, 1#1$ see EEEiv. 1JN.

'/*4IO*, *7).

< / true republican has neither son,

ather, nor brother, but the common>eal

7is gods, the la>s, his virtue, and his country.<

:asar, EiE. 11%.

NiK oltaire IndeE

'/*4IO*I8?.

< /ll that I >ish is but to save my country,

/nd if I can be useful to mankind

*his is the ambition I >ould satisfy.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1QK.

'/9, 8*., his philosophy betrays the inAuence of 'lato,

E. 55 $ his personal appearance, vii. 1#S.

'/+, Is 79?II*+ / I4*9), /D DO)8 I*! E. 101.

')/:)?/()48, *7), >ho prevent litigation in 7olland,

EEEvii. QK.

')D/*4+. <*hose useless and unsociable scholars,

>ho neglect the study of their o>n tongue tc acFuire

an imperfect kno>ledge of ancient languages.<

)ssays, EEEvii. J.

')DI4)). <e should al>ays keep in mind that no

family on earth kno>s its founder, and, conseFuently,

that no nation kno>s its origin.< EEEiv. N0.

')/*I)8 II:*)D by the :hurch only take e@ect in

some other >orld, Eiii. 1NJ.

')/*)8, the little divinities that preside over the parts of

our bodies, Eiv. 1SN.

'), II/?, 1QSS-1J1K, the Uuaker$ his code for his

Uuaker colony more humane and tolerant than the

la>s given to the colony in :arolina by ocke, and

those of 'lato, vii. 1Q5, 1QJ. 8ee U9/()48, D9()48.

<')8+/I/8< not :hristians, vi. SJ. 8ee U9/()48.

'ennBs colony alone among >hite :hristians renounced

the slave trade, Eiii. N1Q.

')*/*)9:7 kno>n only to the Me>s, Eii. N1 $ its au-

thenticity Fuestioned, NQ.

')'I, the Hrst anointed sovereign in )urope, eighth cen-

tury, EEiv. KQ$ the anointing of, EEiE. N1#.

')4):*IO. <In every art there is a point beyond

>hich >e never can advance $ >e are shut up >ithin

the limits of our talents$ >e see perfection lying be-

yond us and only make impotent endeavors to attain

to it.< 'reface to ?ariamne, EiE. N#K.

oltaire IndeE N1%

')4I. <Danger has taught me >isdom.<

?aridmne, Evi. NN#.

')4I /* *7) 7)?.

< ike an unskilful pilot

7e sets up every sail for every >ind,

;ut still kno>s not >hich >ay the tempest comes,

Or >hither it may drive him.<

:atiline, Evii. NSN.

')4')*9/, saint and martyr, Ei. N1%.

')44/9*, :/9D), 1Q1#-1QKK, architect of the ouvre,

EEiii. NSN.

')48):9*IO ;))*8 IDI:*I))88 among saints, E. SS.

')48):9*IO.

< anatic Demon is his horrid name,

4eligionBs son, but rebel in her cause,

7e tears her bosom and disdains her la>s.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. J#.

')48I/, its ingenious people, EEiv. S#$ its imperial s>ay

before the time of /leEander, S5$ fall of its religion,

5J-

in the siEteenth century, manners and customs, EEvii.

NS%.

in the seventeenth century, EEiE. 1N1 $ the revolution

and its atrocities, 1NJ$ the ?ogul, 1N%.

<')48I/ )**)48, *7)"B vii. NQ#.

')48O/ I??O4*/I*+. If >e are changed, can >e still

be ourselves! E. 11Q.

')49, :OU9)8* O, by 'iLarro and dB/lmagro, private

adventurers, EEvii. N1K$ greatness and cruelty, NNN.

')*)4, 8*., the Hrst 'ope, claimed no kingdom but that of

heaven, and died a poor man$ his successors claimed

the earth and left it in the odor of >orldly >ealth, Eiii.

15J-

')*)4 *7) 7)4?I*, 1115. 8ee :498/D)8, EEv. K#.

')*)4 *7) 4)/*, 1QJN-1JN5$ his mighty genius, EE. ##$

ho> he created the 4ussian )mpire$ the building of

8t. 'etersburg, S1 $ he civiliLed his sub&ects and yet

himself remained a barbarian, 115.

NNO oltaire IndeE

<*he 4ussian )mpire,< EEEiv.-EEEv. $ his ances-

tors, EEEiv. Q5 $ ?ichael 4omano@, :Lar, succeeded,

in 1QS5, by his son /leEis ?ichaelovitch, Q%$ >ho >as

follo>ed, in 1QJJ, by his son eodor, JN$ >ho nomi-

nated his younger brother, 'eter, then ten years old,

as his successor, JS, eEcluding Mohn, the elder brother,

>ho had inHrmities. On eodorBs death, in 1QKN, his

sister 8ophia fomented a revolt among the 8trelitLes,



hoping to attain the throne, J5$ terrible barbarities

perpetrated, JJ$ Mohn and 'eter are proclaimed &oint

sovereigns, >ith 8ophia as co-regent, J%.

irtual sovereignty of 8ophia, K0$ eEtraordinary

Fuarrel about religion $ 8ophiaBs cruelty, K# $ 'rince

olitLin, state minister, KS$ 'eter, age seventeen, aims

at supreme command, KJ $ he puts do>n a conspiracy

against his life, inAicts barbarous punishments, and

banishes Mohn and 8ophia, in 1QK%, KK.

'ersonal appearance of 'eter, his neglected educa-

tion, early marriage, peculiarities of temperament, K%$

determinaticn to see the >orld, and introduce the arts

of civiliLation into his country, %1 $ raises an army, %5 $

treaty >ith :hina, %J $ conFuest of /Lov, 101 $ his trav-

els, 1Q%J, 10K$ a@airs in )urope, death of 8obieski,

(ing of 'oland, and :harles 6 of 8>eden, no$

'eter as a ship carpenter in 7olland, 11#$ visits )ng-

land, returns home in a ship given him by (ing il-

liam, 11%.

'eterBs drastic reforms, 1Q%K, 1NN$ dreadful punish-

ments inAicted on rebellious 8trelitLes, more than t>o

thousand being put to death, 1N#$ reforms the church,

1NJ $ the calendar, and the >ays of the people, 1#1 $



>ar >ith 8>eden, 1#5$ defeated at arva, 1S0$ later

victories $ entry into ?osco>, 1QN $ a@airs in 'oland $

gains of :harles 6II., 1QQ$ the tragedy of the 4ussian

general 'atkul, murdered by :harles 6II., 1JN.

:onAicts bet>een 'eter and :harles 6II., 1J%$ bat-

tle of 'oltava, 1J0%, 1%1 $ victory of 'eter, 1%S $ trium-

phant entry into ?osco>, N0N$ his po>er recogniLed

oltaire IndeE NN1

by )ngland, N0S$ notes on 'eterBs achievements, N15$

campaign of the 'ruth, N1J$ >ar >ith the *urks, NN1.

'eter is privately married to :atherine in 1J0J, hav-

ing repudiated his Hrst >ife, )udoEia, in 1Q%Q, NNN$

proclaimed the marriage in 1J11, NN#$ his troops in

diculties, N#N $ :atherine counsels proposals of peace $

conclusion of a treaty, under >hich 'eter ceases to

be aggressive, NSK$ solemniLation of his marriage >ith

:atherine, N5# $ marriage of the :Larevitch, his son by

)udoEia, N5Q $ his successful sea Hght at /land, NK# $

master of inland, NK5 $ development of the country,

N%5$ his second tour through )urope, N%Q$ his recep-

tion in rance, #01.



'eterBs Hrst >ife, )udoEia, opposes his reforms, EEEv.

II $ her son, /leEis, shares her vie>s, 1#$ 'eterBs re-

markable letters to /leEis, >ith the reply, 1S$ 'eterBs

ultimatum, threatening to curse his son, N1, >ho re-

turns, 1J1J, to make his submission, but is made a

prisoner, and his fatherBs formal Declaration is pub-

licly read, charging /leEis >ith heinous o@ence and

rebellion, demanding his renunciation of heirship to

the throne, >hich is duly made, and :atherineBs son is

made :Larevitch, #N$ /leEis undergoes a formal trial,

and confesses to disloyalty, S5 $ is condemned to death

as a >ould-be parricide, SJ $ is seiLed >ith convulsions

and apopleEy, eEpiring in the presence of the court,

the day after his condemnation, 51 $ public opinion of

the a@air, 5N$ 'eter stops other intrigues, 5%.

7o> 'eter established modern civiliLation in his

country, Q0 $ education, industries, to>n building, trade,

home and foreign, QQ $ ne> legal system and its admin-

istration, J#$ reforms in the church, JQ$ forms a rul-

ing synod, JJ$ he decrees that monks and nuns shall

do practical >ork for the good of the community, K1 $

causes a burlesFue marriage of a court fool, as 'ope,

to an old >ido>, >ith decrepit attendants and other

tomfooleries, KS.

Death of :harles 6II. $ its e@ect on )uropean a@airs,

NNN oltaire IndeE

KK $ peace treaty at ystad, 1JN1, %1 $ conFuests in

'ersia, %S$ coronation of :atherine I., 1JNS, 10K$ sus-

picion of a liaison bet>een :atherine and a courtier,

>ho >as beheaded and others variously punished, ill.

'eter, after su@ering mortal pains for a year, dies on

the tenth of ?arch, 1JN5. 7is epitaph, 11J. /nec-

dotes of 'eter, 1%S-N15.

Original Documents relating to the condemnation of

/leEis, 1N1 $ and to the 'eace of ystad, 1NQ $ the

Ordinance of 'eter I. for the cro>ning of :atherine,

1S0.

/ppendiE to the volumes on <*he )mpire of 4ussia.<

:limate, 8oil and 'roduce of 4ussia, EEEv. 1S#$

'opulation, overnment, a>s, 4eligion, ?anners

and :ustoms, 151 $ anguage, earning, /rts, ?anu-

factures and :ommerce, 1J1 $ the :oronation, *itles,

:ourt, 4evenues, )Epenses, ?ilitary and aval

orces, 1JJ $ Description of 8t. 'etersburg, 1KS $ /nec-

dotes of 'eter the reat, EEEv. 1%S-N15.

')*)4;O4O97, )/4 O, 1Q5K-1J#5, heroic commander of

the )nglish army in 8pain, EEiii. SS.

')*4/4:7, 4/:)8:O, 1#0S-1#JS, his :anLoni, EEvi. 50.

'7/I: 8+?;O8 /D 4I*)8, vii. 1%Q$ viii. #%. 8ee

/;4/7/?.

'I)O8, *94*)8 /D 79?/8 alone indulge in kissing,

Ei. 5K.

as letter carriers, common in /sia, and )urope in the

siEteenth century, EEvii. N%5.

'I):)?)/ I)8. <e hear of nothing no> but

bankrupts and distress and ruin $ the >ives are licen-

tious and the husbands simpletons$ everything gro>s

>orse and >orse.< anine, Eviii. 1#5.

'I)*+. <'iety lasts not long among the great.<

Olympic, Ev. 1Q5.

'I/*) ?/D) / ?I8*/() in not >aiting to hear >hat truth

really is, as >e have not yet solved it, Eiv. 1#0.

'IO))4. <*hou hast the seeds of greatness in thy

nature.< :atiline, Evii. NS%.

oltaire IndeE NN#

'I')4, :O9*, of 8>eden, EE. 100, 150$ death of >hile a

prisoner of the :Lar, 1KN.

'I*+.

< If you continue to speak ill of him,

I may relapse, and love him again.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. NQ.

'I*I9 OD8, *7).

< If >ith unpitying eye the gods beheld

Our miseries here, and proud oppression, still

9npunished, trampled on the tender feet

Of innocence, >hat hand >ould cro>n their altars

ith incense and oblation <

Orestes, Evii. JS.

'7I/D)'7I/, at. Hrst deserved its name, vii. 1QK$ its peo-

ple >ere not >icked, Eiv. N1J.

'7II' *7) /I4, 1NQK-1#1S, his Fuarrel >ith the 'ope,

1#01, EEv. N01.

I. of 8pain, 1Q05-1QQ5, EEE. NKQ.

*7) OOD, 1#%Q-1SQJ, >ho had Hfteen bastards, 1S#0.

<*here have al>ays been some great souls in the most

corrupt times.< EEvi. #J.

'7II''8;94, In :amp ;efore, EEEvi. 1JK.

'7IO, the learned Me>, Hrst century, E. 55.

<'hilosopher, *he Ignorant,< EEEv. N1%. ho am I!

Our >eakness. 7o> am I to think! NN1. Is it neces-

sary for me to kno>! /ristotle and Descartes, NNN.

;easis, NNS. )Eperience, NN5. 8ubstance, NNQ. arro>

imits. Impossible discoveries, NNJ. *he foundation

of despair. Doubt. /m I free! N#0. Is everything

eternal! N##. Intelligence, N#5. )ternity, N#%. In-

comprehensibility. InHnity, N#J. ?y dependence, N#K,

NS0. / sole supreme artist. NS1. 8pinoLa, NS#. /b-

surdities, N50. *he best of >orlds, N5N. ?onads, N55.

'lastic forms, N5Q. ocke, N5J, NQK. Is there any

morality! NQ#. 4eal utility, the notion of Mustice, NQ5.

Is universal consent a proof of truth! NQJ. /gainst

ocke, NQK. ature every>here the same, NJ#.

7obbes, NJS. 9niversal ?orality, NJ5. Toroaster, NJ5.

NNS oltaire IndeE

;rahmins, NJJ. :onfucius, NJJ. 'ythagoras and the

recian philosophers, NJ%. Taleucus, NJ%. )picurus s

NJ%. *he 8toics, NK0. 'hilosophy is virtue, NKN.

y)sop, NKN. 'eace, the o@ering of philosophy, NK#.

Uuestions, NK#. Ignorance, NK5. /n Indian /dven-

ture, NK%. / short digression, N%N. *he Dauphin of

rance, N%#.

'7IO8O'7)4B8 8*O), *7). </ philosopher >ho

has siE thousand francs a year has the philosopherBs

stone.< etters, EEEviii. 1%S.

'7IO8O'7)48 Do O* 8*I4 8)DI*IO, Eiv. NJ.

<'7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+, /,< in ten volumes,

v.-Eiv. 8ee end of each alphabetical section.

'7O*I98, K%1, a great eunuch bishop, made 'atriarch of

the reek :hurch in K5K after being promoted Hve

times in Hve days, EEiv. N0S$ his contempt for the

'ope of 4ome, N0%.

'7+8I:I/, *he :andid, and his royal patient, Ei. 1QQ.

'ius II., 1S05-1SQS, upheld the marriage of 'opes, vii. N01.

'IT/44O, d. 15S1, conFueror of 'eru. 8ee ')49.

'/9) O 8:7I8?, a mania curable only by rational

thought, Eiii. 1J5.

'/I II.

< B*is nothing but a name,

/ >ord >ithout a meaningG $ in the days

Of our forefathers men respected it<

:atiline, Evi NQQ.

- <?y mistress, sir, is very rich$ if she is nol eEpen-

sive, it is because she hates pomp $ she is plainly clad,

out of modesty, and eats little, because temperance is

prescribed to her.<

'/I 8')):7.

<7o> do you contrive to be so universally hated!<

< It is because I have merit.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. Q.

'/*OB8 D4)/?, D. :. SN%-#SJ. 8ee 4O?/:)8. 'lato on

oltaire IndeE NN5

the lost /tlantis, vii. QS $ his philosophy muddled by

eibnitLBs eEpositions, Eii. K1.

'/*OI: O), Ei. 1SJ.

')/894), good, happiness better, felicity best, E. 5.

< e should never neglect anything for our pleasure,

8ince life is short.< etters, EEEviii. N05.

')D)8, O8, 8)/4I O. <*o make a

vo> for life is to make oneself a slave.< Eiv. 1K0.

'I/;)8.

< 7eBs >eak, and therefore not to be entrusted $

ools ever >ill be traitors.<

?ahomet, Evi. QN.

'9*/4:7, second century, unreliable, EEEvii. NJ1.

'O:O:94/*), 8)IO4, his candid criticisms of 7omer,

4aphael, irgil, 7orace, ?ilton, and music, i. 1JK-1K#.

'O)?8, )'I:. 7esiod eFual to 7omer, viii. NSQ.

<'oems.< On )Fuality of :onditions, i. NKN$ on iberty,

NKK $ on the ature of ?an, N%S $ on ?oderation in /ll

*hings, #01.

<*he isbon )arthFuake, and Other 'oems,< EEEvi.

/uthorBs preface, 5$ the isbon )arthFuake, K$ the

a> of ature, 1%$ the *emple of *aste, S0$ the

*emple of riendship, J0$ *houghts on the e>tonian

'hilosophy, JS$ the Death of /drienne ecouvreur,



JJ$ *o the (ing of 'russia on his /ccession, J%$

rom ove to riendship, KN$ *he orldling, KS$

on :alumny, K%$ etter from the (ing of 'russia to

oltaire, and the 4eply, %J$ on the )nglish enius,

loo $ hat 'leases the adies, 101 $ the )ducation of

a 'rince, 11J$ of a Daughter, 1NQ$ the *hree ?an-

ners, 1#1$ *helema and ?acareus, 1SQ$ /Lolan, 151$

the Origin of *rades, 15S$ the ;attle of ontenoy,

15Q$ ?an of the orld, 1J0$ the 'adlock, 1JQ$ In

:amp ;efore 'hilippsburg, 1JK$ /ns>er to a ady,

1K0$ )nvy, 1K#$ *he ature of irtue, 1KK$ *o the

(ing of 'russia, 1%#$ *o ?. de ontenelle, 1%%$ :ount

/lgarotti, N0N$ :ardinal Uuirini, N05 Cand other per-

sonages $ *he ature of 'leasure, NSN $ 9tility of

NNQ oltaire IndeE

8ciences to 'rinces, NSJ$ *o the (ing of 'russia,

N51 $ On the Death of )mperor :harles, N55 $ *o the

Uueen of 7ungary, N5K$ On the 'olar )Epedition,

NQ0$ *o Dr. ervasi, NQS$ On the 4eFuisites to 7ap-

piness, NQJ$ *o a ady, NQK$ anaticism, NJ0$ *he

'eace of 1J#Q, NJ5$ *o /bbe :haulieu, NJ%$ reply, NKN$

*o 'resident 7enault, NKS$ :anto of an )pic 'oem,

NKJ$ On the e>tonian 'hilosophy, N%%.

'O)*/8*)48 O9D 8*/4) but for plagiary, Eii. N0#.

'O)*4+, vi. QS$ is harmonious eloFuence, EEi. N55.

<*here never eEisted a truly eloFuent man >ho did

not love poetry.< Eiv. 15J.

'O)*8 /D 8/*I4I8*8, )I87, EEEiE. J5.

'OI8OI O 7)4+ II. O 96)?;O94, >ho captured

4ome in 1#1#, by sacramental >ine, EEv. NNN.

'OI:+. <*hose >hom >e fear >e readily forgive.<

:atiline, Evii. NQ0.

'OI/:, :/4DI/, EEii. NJ#.

'OI*) /4*8, *7), EEE. KQ$ literature, the drama, and

oratory, KJ$ music, 11N.

'OI*))88 O *7) :7I)8), EEiv. #1.

<'OI*I:I/8, Of truly >icked people there only remain a

fe>,< Eiv. N1K.

'O+:/4', d. 155, saint and martyr, Ei. N15.

'O+/?+ /D 'O+/D4+, Eiv. NQN. 8ee O?), ?/4-

4I/).

'O+*7)I8? a lapse from original monotheism, Eiii. J5.

'OI/*O8(I, ))4/, rescued :harles 6II. in his peril

at the defeat of 'oltava, EE. 1JJ$ becomes his chief

adviser, 1K%$ saves :harles at 4iigen, EEi. 1S.

'OO4 ;O+8 4I8) to the 'opeBs throne, EEiE. N%.

'OO4 4I:7, *7). <One Hnds it more dicult to

amuse oneself than to get rich.<


'O'), /)6/D)4, 1QKK-1JSS, the )nglish poet libelled, and

his method of revenge, EEi. NJS$ Eii. K5$ EEEiE. %#.

'O')B8 '7IO8O'7+.

< 7orrors on horrors, griefs on griefs must sho>

oltaire IndeE NNJ

*hat manBs the victim of unceasing >oe,

/nd lamentations >hich inspire my strain

'rove that philosophy is false and vain.<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. K.

'O')8, *7), their po>ers and o@enses, Eii. 1QN$ their

perFuisites $ sliding scale of fees to buy pardon for

crimes against the person, Eiv. QN.

en&oying luEurious possession, need not >orry over

the doubt >hether 8t. 'eter founded their throne,

Eiv. I oE.

in OthoBs time $ accusations against them of immorali-

ties and cruelty, of creating a ten-year-old boy a

bishop$ castrating a cardinal, etc., EEiv. N#N-NS0.

their Fuarrels and >ars >ith kings and emperors,

EEiv. EEv.

8iEtus ., 15N1-15%0, <the /ss of /ncona,< *he

7enriade, EEEviii. Q0.

8tephen III., forges a letter from 8t. 'eter, dating

from heaven, EEiv. KQ.

'O'), 4):7 O)4?)* /D *7). <It is the maEim

of the rench overnment to look upon him as a

sacred and enterprising person, >hose hands must

sometimes be tied, though they kiss his feet.<

*he /ge of ouis 6I., EEii. NN.

'O')8, 4)/* /D 8?/. <+e are but mortals

like ourselves, no more.< /lLire, Evii. S0.

'O'9/4 /9*7O4. <)verybody abuses me, and gives

me money$ I am certainly a cleverer fello> than I

thought I >as.< *he 8cotch oman, Eviii. Q5.

preachers, some good clerics bad men, iE. N5.

opinion hard to overcome, Eii. J%.

4/). <*he t>o brothers, Mohn and :ornelius De

itt, honorable statesmen of 7olland, >ere tortured

and massacred at *he 7ague by a mad multitude be-

cause they had sued for peace >hen their country >as

conFuered by ouis 6I. One of them had gov-

erned the land for nineteen years >ith spotless integ-

rity$ the other defended it at the risk of his life.

NNK oltaire IndeE

*hese barbarities are common in all nations, for the

populace is almost every>here the same.< EEii. 15%.

'O'9/*IO, migration of superAuous peasantry into the

cities, Eiii. J.

'O4*O:/44)4O, :/4DI/, inAuence in 8panish a@airs, EEii.

NK#.

'O4*9/, 'lot against the (ing of, EEE. N#%$ punishments

for, NS1.

'O4*99)8) /I/*O48 and Discoverers, EEvi. 1K# $ EEvii.

1Q#.

'O8*79?O98 /?).

</t length applause true merit shares,

B*is true, but oft the o>ner dies

)re to his >orth men ope their eyes.< EEEvi. NN#.

'O*I'7/4B8 I) :OI:*)D by a >ise infant in its cradle,

Ei. Q.

'O**)4B8 )88), *7).

<If heaven

)Epects obedience, it must give us la>s

e can obey.< C/ pint mug cannot hold a Fuart.

Orestes, Evii. 1NQ.

'O)4*+, pain, >ar, and charity, vii. J0$ the vo> of

monks >ho forth>ith become >ealthy, Eiii. K.

'IO98. <IBve served the cause of heaven and yet am

>retched.< 8 emir amis, Evii. NN1.

'O)4 DII).

< / od once d>elt on earth amongst mankind,

+et vices still lay >aste the human mind $

7e could not do it, this proud sophist cries,

7e could, but 7e declined it, that replies.<


*O )* /D I). <Increase of riches is increase

of happiness.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 15J.

'4/:*I:/ 4)IIO.

< I am a simple, plain old man, and here

orship the gods, adore their &ustice, live

In humble fear of them, and eEercise

*he sacred rites of hospitality$

oltaire IndeE NN%

+e both are >elcome to my little cottage,

*here to despise >ith me the pride of kings,

*heir pomp and riches $ come, my friends, for such

I ever hold the >retched.< Orestes, Evii. KQ.

'4/?/*I: 8/:*IO, *7), EEE. 1JQ1

'4/9), ;attle of, EEE. 1J%.

taken by the rench in half an hour$ >as evacuated

on honorable terms after a siege of Hve months by

'rince obkovitL, <ar of 1JS1,< EEEiii. %#.

'4/+)4.

< reat od, >hose being by *hy >orks is kno>n,

?y last >ords hear from *hy eternal throne$

If I mistook Bt>as >hile *hy la> I sought,

I may have erred, but *hou >ast in each thought.

earless I look beyond the open grave,

/nd cannot think the od >ho being gave

*he od >hose favors made my bliss oBerAo>

7as doomed me, after death, to endless >oe.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #%.

'4/+)48 9/8)4)D.

<*he gods

4efuse to hear or ans>er to our vo>s,

*heir silence sho>s ho> much they are o@ended.<

C)dipus, Evi. 1J0.

'4)/:7)48 seldom denounce popular >ars, Eiv. 1%J.

<O, stupid mortals, >ith >hat ease >e teach

+our tongues those things >hich are beyond our

reach < a 'ucelle, Eli. 1##.

'4)/:7I *7) O8') of mercy >ith a s>ord up oneBs

sleeve, Eiii. KQ.

'4):I'I*/:+. <*hose >ho go into a convent in

haste, generally live to repent it at leisure.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1Q5.

'4)D)8*I/*IO.

<ay>ard fortune

)spoused thy cause, and gave a tyrant po>er

*o scourge mankind.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N0J $ see :/II8?.

N#0 oltaire IndeE

'4))4):)8.

< If I must feel a tyrant, let him be

/ stranger.< /melia, Evi. %%.

'4)M9DI:). < 're&udice

4ules oBer the vulgar >ith despotic s>ay.<

?ahomet, Evi. #Q.

'4)I;/*IO, *he feudal right of$ the lord claimed Hrst

night rites >ith every vassal bride, EEv. J0.

'4)?OI*IO.

< Ofttimes the soul, by po>erful fancy led,

8tarts at a phantom of its o>n creation

/nd everything >e fear is present to us.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1QN.

'4)4O/*I) O 4O+/*+ best discussed in out-of-the->ay

retreats, Ei. 5N.

'4)8;+*)4I/8, *7), see :7/4)8 I. O )/D $EEEiE.

N1Q.

'4)8*)4 MO7, t>elfth century, a *artar prince, killed by

enghis (han, EEv. 15S.

'4)89?'*IO.

< /las, >hat madness Btis to >rest from heaven

*hose secrets >hich it kindly >ould conceal.<

C)difus, Evi. 1KJ.

'4I:)8 O :4I?)8 sanctioned under 'ope eo. 6., Eiv. Q0.

'4ID).

< *he misfortunes

e have oBercome >ith pleasure >e impart,

;ut fe> are anEious to reveal their shame.<

;rutus, Ev. N5S.

< e Hnd every>here that pride combats pride.<

*itles of 7onor, EEEvii. N0%.

'4I)8* I 'OI*I:8, advent of the, iE. N%Q.

'4I)8*:4/*.

 your people >ell, I kno> they >ant

/ leader$ my religion, true or false,

Is needful to them G >hat have all your gods

/nd all your idols done!< ?ahomet, Evi. S1.

'4I)8*+ hands in everyoneBs pocket in the good old days,

Eiv. #N.

oltaire IndeE N#1

'4IO4 /D ;9*)4, )nglish satirical poets, vi. N%1, Eii. #0#.

'4I?I*I) :hristianity a fraternity, vii. 15%.

'4I:) 7)4+ *7) /I/*O4 O 'O4*9/, 1#%S-1SQ0,

EEvii. 1Q5.

'4I:) O *7) 7O+ 4O?/ )?'I4), one >ho has learned

>hat concomitant grace is, and has forgotten it, Eiv. %#.

'4I*)D I)8, fabulous histories, political testaments,

anecdotes, letters, court memoirs, and biographies.

*he libels on 'ope, the )nglish poet, and ho> he

stopped them, EEi. NQ5 $ spurious >orks attributed to

:ardinal 4ichelieu, NK5-#0K.

'4I*)4B8 I(. <*he ease >ith >hich a >riter may

impose on the public and spread abroad the most

Aagrant calumnies is unhappily one of the greatest

inconveniences attending the noble art of printing.<

EEEiv. 1#.

'4I8:II/I8*8, their alleged infamous orgies, Eiv. N%J.

'4O:4/8*I/*IO. < ell I kno>

7o> sloth deludes us$ tempting are her charms

;ut fatal is their end.< Taire, EiE. N%.

'4ODII)8, <freaks,< monsters $ the mystery of birth, Eii. 1#.

'4O4)88. <e have made greater progress than other

people in more than one art and science $ perhaps >e

proceed the faster because >e began so late.< EEiv. Q5.

of ations, recapitulation of the histories, EEE. NSJ.

< 4ome but changed her fetters,

/nd for one king hath found a hundred tyrants.<

;rutus, Ev. N50.

'4O')4*+, the rights of, Ei. Q0. 4ousseau set do>n as an

anarchistical disturber of the la>s of od and man, Q1.

'4O8+ >riters prone to criticiLe poetry they are incapable

of >riting, Eiv. 15J.

'4O*)8*/*I8?, persecutions, coercions, and banishments,

EEi. 1NJ.

'4O9D)8* *I*).

< :onFueror, no> assume a nobler title,

o> be thy countryBs friend and give her peace.<

;rutus, Ev. NK0.

N#N oltaire IndeE

'4O)4;8 O 8OO?O, debased by foolish and harmful

passages, Eiii. NS#.

'4OID):).

< *he arm of od, that makes the >eakest strong,

ill cherish and support a tender Ao>er

*hat bends beneath the fury of the storm.<

Taire, EiE. 5K.

'4OID):) ;4O()48.

< e must not rest our faith on priests alone $

)ven in the sanctuary traitors oft

?ay lurk unseen, eEert their pious arts

*o enslave mankind, and bid the destinies

8peak or be silent &ust as they reFuest them.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1J1.

<'4OI:I/ (**)48< of 'ascal. <*hey >ere models

of eloFuence and raillery. *he best comedies

of ?oliere have not more >it in them than the Hrst

part of those letters, nor the >ritings of ;ossuet more

sublimity than the latter.< Mansenism, EEi. 15#.

'49D), /.

< hat a deal one has to go through to be a prude

ould it not be better after all to fear nothing,

*o a@ect nothing, and be a plain >oman of honor!<

*he 'rude, Eviii. NN5.

'49D)*. <*he prudent men do themselves good, the

virtuous one does it to others.< Eiv. 1QS.

)*798I/8?. < 'reserve this happy virtue,

B*>ill make thee happy and B>ill make thee great.<

/melia, Evi. in.

'494I)* '49D)4+. <)Ecess of virtue is disgust-

ing.< *he 'rude, Eviii. NNJ.

'8/?I8* /D 'O').

< David, eEempt both from restraint and shame

:ould to a hundred beauties tell his Aame,

hilst at the atican, the 'ope distressed,

:anBt >ithout scandal be of one possessed.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. NJ.

'8+:7), the soul of the senses, Eiii. NQQ.

oltaire IndeE N##

'*OO?/I8, saint and martyr, Ei. N1Q.

'9;I: 4/*I*9D). </gamemnon dies, and reece

forgets him< Orestes, Evii. K5.

honors, are they besto>ed upon virtuous men more

generally in a republic than in a monarchy! E. %%.

M)/O98+.

< /las >ho serves his country often serves

/ most ungrateful mistress, even thy merit

O@ends the 8enateG >ith a &ealous eye

It vie>s thy greatness.< :atiline, Evii. N#%.

?), :)4*/I. <7e has t>o eEcellent Fualities

for a public man, he is brutal and indiscreet.<

etters, EEEviii. 1K%.

<'9:)), D) /"B by Mean :hapelain, EEiii. 151.

<'ucelle, a dBOrleans,< by oltaire, El. Eli.

'9)DO4, 8/?9), 1Q#N-1Q%S, on the rights of man, Eiii.

10K $ on slavery by consent $ proof >anted, Eiii. N1K.

prone to historical blundering, EEvii. 1N.

'9'')*8 O '4OID):) /4) ), Ei. 1K%.

'94/*O4+, )/4*7+. <a>suits >ere al>ays my

aversion.< anine, Eviii. %1.

;rahmin origin of, Eii. #J.

'+*7/O4/8, d. ;. :. SJ0, the >ise and good, Eiii. QK$ his

celestial system, Eiv. #K$ his humane ob&ection to meat

eating, Eiv. 15K.

and bean sellers, EEEvii. 15%.

'+*7I/ /?)8, *7), and other ancient celebrations, EEi.

NJ%.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6II. :ontinued.

'/4/DI8) '94/*O4+.

'/4/DI8), its etymology, Eii. 1#K.

'/88IO8, their inAuence on the body, 1S1 $ curious

<?edicine for the ?ind,< 1S5.

'/9, his life and >ritings, 1SQ.



')48):9*IO, for opinions, 15S.

N#S oltaire IndeE

')*)4, and his (eys, 15Q$ his high-handed treatment of

/nanias and 8apphira, 15% $ po>er of the 'opes, 1QN.

')*)4 *7) 4)/*, 1QJN-1JN5, and M. M. 4ousseau, 1J1N-1JJK,

1QS $ 4ousseau denied genius to the :Lar $ little men

apply their three-foot rule to giants, 1QS.

'7IO8O'7)4, lover of >isdom, that is, truth, 1Q%$ eE-

amples of good philosophers and bad kings and priests,

1JQ.

'7IO8O'7+, persecuted as soon as it appears, 1KK$ sub-

stance of the old systems, 1%N$ 'lato, /ristotle, 'ytha-

goras and the Orientals agree that there must be a uni-

versal cause.

'7+8I:I/8 are above all the great of the earth, Eii. 1%J$

>hen not mere mercenaries.

'I4/*)8, buccaneers, N00$ their eEploits in the est In-



dies, N01 $ demons, they are blotted out by civiliLation,

N0N.

'/I/4I8?, sometimes serious and mischievous, but in

poetry >ell, let it pass, N0#.

'/*O, ;. :. SN%-#SJ, his Hne *imcens, N05 $ his trinity, the

ather, the ord, and the 8un, N11$ and other trini-

ties.

'O)*8, ?oses the Hrst >e kno> of, N1Q$ no great poetry

>ithout >isdom, N1K$ ucretius a reasoner, though a

suicide, N1%.

'OI8OI8, their >ork in changing the destiny of peoples,

NN0$ doubts as to the painless death of 8ocrates, NNN.

'OI:+ of peaceful living, NN5.

foreign $ a necessity because of the >ar spirit, NNJ.

internal, in democracies, aristocracies, and monarch-

ies, N#0.

'O+'98 /D )98B8 +-*4/', animals or plants, N#N.



'O+*7)I8?, the ancient pagans believed in one supreme

od, N#5$ testimony of 'aul and ?aEimus, N#Q$ the

lesser gods or angels of the Me>s, N#%$ the absurd

gods of the 4omans, NS0.

'O')4+, tolerance to>ard 9nitarians, NSN.

'O'9/*IO, a sacred duty to people the >orld, NSS$ in-

oltaire IndeE N#5

Auence of monasteries on national progress, NS5 $ of

the population of /merica, Fueer theories of its peo-

ple, N55.

'O88)88)D, to feel so is to be so, N5%.

'O8*, an eighteenth century picture of its postal service,

NQ0.

'O)4, Omnipotence, is it intelligent! NQ#$ 7umeBs >eighty

argument$ speculations on the nature of deity, NQ5.

the t>o po>ers, the sceptre and the censer, NJ1 $ dia-



logue bet>een a Mesuit missionary and the )mperor of

:hina, NJJ.

'4/+)4, public, thanksgiving days. 'agan forms of, NK0.

'4)M9DI:), opinion >ithout &udgment, NK%$ common

pre&udices, N%0$ historical and religious pre&udices,

N%1.

'4)8;+*)4I/I8?, diluted :alvinism, N%#$ all creeds eFual

in the market place, and tolerant because none has

the po>er to eEtinguish the rest, N%S.

'4)*)8IO8 of 'ope :lement III. to humiliate the great

7enry I., N%5 $ pretensions of the )mpire, N%%.

'4ID) O :I:)4O, #0N.

'4I)8*8, historically, rebels against od and ?an, #0#.

of the pagans$ the rand ama announces his im-

mortality, as a delusion for his people, #05 $ his distri-

bution of relics, and hints of ho> best to ans>er un-

believers, #0J.

'4IO4, ;9*)4, 8I*, an estimate of their literary genius,

#0J-

'4II)), privileged cases, in rench history, #1S.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6III. '4O')4*+ '94/*O4+.

'4O')4*+, iberty and $ the spirit of property doubles a

manBs strength, Eiii. 5 $ ho> the monastic orders in

)ngland got hold of the Hnest estates, K$ >here the

church gro>s rich, the state remains poor, K$ the

rights of the toiler to prosperity, and of the rich to

their property, %.

N#Q oltaire IndeE

'4O'7):I)8, ho> fulHlled in the e> *estament, n$ those

of Toroaster, 'lato, and :onfucius, 1# $ a Dutch

prophet eEplains the /pocalypse, 1J $ the )arly athers

not 7ebre> scholars, 1%$ 4abbinical interpretation of

the <prophesied< virgin birth of Mesus, N1 $ sad ob-

stinacy of the Me>s in re&ecting the ingenious per-

versions of the :hurchBs commentators, NN.



'4O'7)*8, genuine or make-believe, they mostly came to

a sad end$ Meddo eaten by a lion because he had

sinned in s>allo>ing a morsel of bread $ Monah tem-

porarily engulfed by a remarkable Hsh $ 7abakkuk

>hirled through the air by a hair of his head $ ?icaiah

boEed on the ear by Tedekiah, and /mos had his teeth

eEtracted by (ing /maLiah, to prevent him from

prophesying, NS $ diculties in understanding the clear

eEplanations of inspired prophecy, N5.

'4OID):), 8ister essue and a metaphysician discuss

the recovery of her sparro>Bs health as the ans>er

to the nine /ve ?arias she had said, NK.

'94/*O4+ not a doctrine of the primitive church, #Q$ >as

at Hrst treated as a heresy, #J $ the idea borro>ed

from the ;rahmins, )gyptians and 'latonists, #K.


U

U, the celebrated scholar, 4amus, persecuted because he

taught a ne> >ay of pronouncing this letter, Eiv. 1#%.

U9/:()4+ O ?ID, the sophistry of transforming ab-

stract ideas into realities, Eiii. NQ0.

U9/()48, *7), EEEiE. 1%N$ their endeavor to found a

religious colony of 'rimitive :hristians, vii. 1Q5. 8ee

').

U9/I*+. </ man >hom all the >orld admires, a man

of a million.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1%#.

*)8. <?y services are my patrons $ the only

artiHces I make use of$ I never >as at court in my

life.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1J#.

oltaire IndeE N#J

U9)) /) O /98*4I/B8 nickname for :ardinal 4iche-

lieu, Eiii. NN5.

)liLabeth, 15##-1Q0N, and ?ary 8tuart, Eiii. 1%Q.

U9))8 I8/;)/, )IT/;)*7 /D ?/4I/ *7)4)8/ sho>

that a republic may entrust its government to a

>oman, Eiv. NQ0.

U9))4 O4D, /. <*he >orld is very strangely gov-

erned. /n )nglish beggar, become 'ope of 4ome,

besto>s Ireland by his o>n authority, on a man >ho

>ants to usurp it. /drian sends 7enry II. a ring as

a mark of the investiture of Ireland. If a king had

given a ring upon conferring a minor church position,

he >ould have been guilty of sacrilege.<

EEv. #5.

U9)8), ')4), 1Q#S-1J1%$ his Mansenist book, EEi. 1Q0.

U9)8*IO8 still a>aiting ans>ers, Eiv. N0J.

U9I)*I8?, one of those eEtravagant sallies of the imagina-

tion and theological subtleties, >hich >ould not be

remembered but for t>o illustrious names, ?adame

uyon and /rchbishop enelon, EEi. 1J%$ history of

the movement, 1K0$ inAuence of ?adame de ?ainte-

non, 1K1. 8ee ))O, 9+O, EEE. #05.

U9I/9*, '7II', EEiii. 151$ EEEvi. QJ, %S$ EEEviii. N%J.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6III. :O*I9)D.

U9/:(.

U9/:(, :7/4/*/. Doctors Aourish best in cities$ the

famous Dumoulin, dying, said he left t>o great

physicians behind him simple diet and soft >ater,

#% $ Doctor illars, his >onderfully successful prescrip-

tion for >ould-be centenarians >ater and nitre, S0$

Fuackery in science and literature, SN.


N#K oltaire IndeE

4/;)/I8 C1SK#-155# O*I*78*/DI, some heretics

doubt if argantua ever eEisted, iE. 1SN$ his >ork

not suppressed.

4/:I), M)/, 1Q#%-1Q%%, a poet best acFuainted >ith the

human heart of any of the >orld, EEi. 151 $ <'hadra.<

EiE. N#5$ EEiii. 151, 1%N$ EEE. 101 $ EEEviii. N%J.

4/7/; O M)4I:7O, >ho concealed the 7oly *rinity, Eiv.

1N5.

4/)I7, /*)4, 155N-1Q1K, established the colony of

irginia, <in e> )ngland,< 15K5, EEviii. 1%.

4/?II)8, rench defeat at, EEiii. SQ.

4/+?OD O *OO98), :O9*, 115Q-1N#N, defeated by

8imon de ?ontfort, EEv. 1JJ.

4)/D)48. <7o> fe> read and even of those >ho do,

t>enty are readers of romances for one that studies

philosophy.< EEEvii. 1QN.

4)/8O against reason all their lives, some people, Eiv. N5S.

is overpo>ered by custom, vii. S5 $ >hen it gro>s

strong it disarms priestly force.

4)/8O /D :O8:I):). <et men call reason

and conscience by >hat names they >ill, they eEist,

and are the foundation of the la> of nature.<

'reface to a> of ature, EEEvi. N1.

4)/8OI. <7e is generally sure to succeed, >ho

talks more to the passions of men than to their reason.<

'reface to Taire, EiE. J.

4);)8 //I8* OD /D ?/, priests >ere for siE cen-

turies, Eii. #0#.

4):/'I*9/*IO of </ncient and ?odern 7istory,< EEE.

1##-

4):O):*IO. <*he most insupportable of all evils

is the remembrance of happiness >hich >e no longer

en&oy.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1J%.

4):O?')8).

< ?ark ho> happiness ariseth oft

rom our misfortunes.< /melia, Evi. 11%.

oltaire IndeE N#%

4)O4?/*IO. 8ee 9*7)4, 7)4+ III., )/D,

8:O*/D.

4)):+, *7).

<*hen folly, tinkling loud her bells in hand,

ith lightsome step, tripped over alliaBs land,

here to devotion not a soul >as prone,

/nd every act save penitence >as kno>n.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. %N.

4)I?) better than medicine, Eii. 1%J.

4)/*I) )U9/I*+.

< Dost thou not Bkno> that the poor >orm >hich

cra>ls

o> on the earth, and the imperial eagle

*hat soars to heaven, in the all-seeing eye

Of their eternal ?aker are the same

/nd shrink to nothing! ?en are eFual all,

rom virtue only true distinction springs

/nd not from birth.< ?ahomet, Evi. NQ.

4))/8). <ho >ishes but for death, is sure to Hnd it.<

/melia, Evi. 1#5.

4)I:8, 'rocession of, 1JQN, the bones of the children

massacred by 7erod, a bit of the irgin ?aryBs go>n $

thirty corpses $ relics of 8t. 'eter and 8t. 'aul, EEEviii.

N5K.

of the :ross, the irginBs milk, her hair, her go>n,

etc., Eiv. 1K$ Eii. SQ$ of the saints, note, Eli. NJ1.

4)IIO I 4/:), under the 4eformation, EEvii. 11%$

of the :hinese, EEiv. #1.

4)IIO. <e must make use of every eEpedient to

promote a good cause$ it is the only >ay to live happy

here and gain heaven hereafter.<

8ocrates, Evi. N%S.

4)IIO98 /D )::)8I/8*I:/ ?O)?)*8, :ouncil of

*rent, EEi. QJ$ ecclesiastical a@airs of rance, %0$

:alvinism, 10J$ Mansenism, 1S1$ Uuietism, 1J%$ Me>s,

1%# $ 4emarks on 'ascalBs <*houghts,< N1N $ on 'rinted

ies, NQ5 $ Ei. 1#0.

assemblies sub&ect to civil la>, Eiii. 1NN.

NS0 oltaire IndeE

confusion in )ngland under 7enry II, EEvii. 10J.

fanaticism, assassinations due to, EEE. N##, N#%.

Orders, *he, great men and great >ork for good due

to the monastic system, >hich is also responsible for

much harm in the >orld, EEvii. 1#1-150.

4)IIO98 :O*4O)48+.

< If you are disputants, my friends, pray travel

hen you come home again youBll cease to cavil.<

On Disputation, viii. 1#0.

:4/()4+, evolution of, Eiv. N0S.

4)?)?;4/:). < O think

On our past loves.< /lLire, Evii. S%.

4)?O48). < ?y little dream

Of happiness is oBer, and conscience darts

Its sudden rays on my a@righted soul.<

Orestes, Evii. J%.

4))4)* /:(O)D?)* of our ignorance more be-

coming than derision >hen >e meditate on the occult,

Eii. J#.

4)'9;I:, /. <ot founded on virtue but on the am-

bition of every citiLen, >hich checks the ambition of

others$ on pride restraining pride$ and on the desire

of ruling, >hich >ill not su@er another to rule.<

*houghts on overnment, EEEvii. N#J.

or ?onarchy, viii. 10.

4)'9;I:8, unlike monarchies, do not allo> >omen to

share in the government, Eiv. N5%.

4)'9*/*IO.

< +ouBll often be betrayed, belied,

+ou neBer of virtue made parade,

*o hypocrites no court youBve paid.<

On :alumny, EEEvi. K%.

4)8)4). <+ou are al>ays repeating truths of some

kind or other $ but let me tell you, truth is not al>ays

agreeable.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1S%.

4)8'):*, O+/. <*rue philosophers respect princes,

but never Aatter them.<

Dedication to Uueen :aroline, EEEviii. Q.

oltaire IndeE NS1

4)8'O8I;II*+. <*he greater still

Our rank on earth, the more have >e to fear.<

?erope, Ev. 50.

4)8*O4/*IO O :7/4)8 II. O )/D, EEiE. 5.

4)*4)/*I. <;ut little did his death

/vail mankind$ :ato did all for glory,

/nd nothing for his country. *here, my friends,

*here only erred the greatest of mankind.<

:cesar, EiE. 11Q.

4)*T, :/4DI/ D), 1Q1S-1QJ%, his stormy career, EEii. J#.

4I:7/4D III. O )/D, 1S50-1SK5, a monster of villainy,

EEvi. N5%.

4I:7)I)9, /4?/D M)/ D9 ')88I8, :ardinal, 15K5-

1QSN, EEviii. 1#%$ his rise to po>er, his character, 155$

prime minister, 1QNS, 15K$ Aeet of a 4ochelle, 1QN$

enemies at court, 1Q#$ Fuarrels >ith his )nglish al-

lies, 1Q5$ commands at the siege of 4ochelle, his

brilliant strategy established the (ingBs po>er and

crushes :alvinism, 1JS$ his high honors and re>ards,

1JK$ death in 1QSN, N10.

takes a 4ochelle by constructing a mole Hve hun-

dred feet long across the mouth of the harbor, EEi.

115$ his moderation in not abolishing the )dict of

antes, 11Q$ his brilliant ambition foiled by death,

11J$ his <'olitical *estament,< Eii. N00$ some conse-

Fuences of his death, Eiii. 1%Q$ spurious >orks attrib-

uted to him, EEi. NK5-#0K$ v. 1%N$ Eiii. #NJ$ EEiii. 115$

EEE. NKS. 8ee 4/:) 9D)4 4I:7)I)9.

4I:7)8 O *7) (I8 O 4/:), EEEvii. NNN.

4I7* *O D)/*7, *7).

< Is it a crime to hasten on perhaps

/ fe> short years, the universal doom

/ppointed for us all! /nd must >e drink

*he bitter cup of sorro> to the dregs !<

/lLire, Evii. 5S.

4I7* DII).

< ot that 1 think (ings should the mitre >ear

/nd the cross &ointly >ith the sceptre bear.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #K.

NSN oltaire IndeE

4I7*8, 'OI*I:/.

< Dra> from the peopleBs rights your po>er alone,

riends of the 8tate.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. QK.

4I' / I() outdone by the 8even 8leepers of

)phesus >ho slept for one hundred and seventy-seven

years, Eiii. NNN.

4I8) O *7) ')48):9*I 8'I4I* I :74I8*I/I*+, E. #%.

4I/ 'O')8, t>o, /nacletus, son of a Me>, and Innocent

II., d. 11S#, EEiv. NQJ.

4O:7, 8*., note, El. 1K5.

4O:7)), /, 8I)) O. 8ee 4I:7)I)9.

4O:4OI, :ondeBs victory at, EEii. S1.

4OD, *7). <:alamity, that best of masters.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N#1.

4OO *7) O4?/ ;/DI*, d. %#N, EEiv. 1JN, acFuired

ormandy and ;rittany and became :hristian, es-

tablished &ustice among his Danes and ranks, >ho

became the conFuerors of )ngland, EEiv. 1JS.



4O?/ )?')4O48, *7), note, El. 1KJ. 8ee their names.

4O?/:) O *7) ?ID, metaphysics, the, Ei. NQ%.

4omances, in four volumes, I. I.

:/DID)$ or. *he Optimist. ol. I.

:andide in his castle home, falls in love >ith ?iss

:unegund and is promptly kicked out of the place,

i. Q1$ his adventures among the ;ulgarians, QS$ he

escapes and has singular eEperiences, QK$ Hnds his

tutor, Dr. 'angloss, >ho tells him of :unegundBs

sad fate, J1 $ :andide and 'angloss encounter ship-

>reck and earthFuake, JQ$ bad luck at isbon, K0$

ho> :unegund is restored to :andide safe and sound,

KN$ her story, K5.

:andide kills t>o men in :unegundBs apartment, %0 $

Aight of :andide, :unegund, and their friend, the

old >oman, %N$ the old >oman tells her life story,

%5$ certain horrors of the slave trade and famine,

100$ adventures in ;uenos /yres, :unegundBs aristo-

cratic lover, 10Q$ :andide has to Ay for his life, 10%$

oltaire IndeE NS#

Hnds :unegundBs brother in 'araguay, 11#$ and is

fated to kill him, 11J.

:andide and his valet rescue a couple o girls per-

secuted by their missing-link lovers, 11%$ narro> es-

cape from being cooked and eaten, 1N#$ they reach

)l Dorado, 1NS$ playing games >ith precious stones,

1NJ $ an eEtraordinary religion, 1#1 $ court life in the

land of unlimited >ealth, 1#5 $ bad luck on the &our-

ney to 8urinam, 1#K.

7o> negroes >ere maltreated in the sugar planta-

tions, 1#%$ ne>s of the fair :unegund, 1S1$ :andide

voyages to rance, and meditates on brotherly love

as a 8panish ship sinks a Dutch vessel and all on

board, 1SK$ :andide and ?artin have a pleasure time

in 'aris, 15#$ the ?archioness is gracious, 1Q#$ a@ect-

ing reunion >ith a sham ?iss :unegund, 1QQ$ :an-

dide at last escapes out of <hell,< 1QK.

*hey visit )ngland, 1QK$ parable of the eEecution

of /dmiral ;yng, 1Q%$ the :arnival of enice, 1J0$

meets his friend the gay 'acFuette and hears her

story, 1J#$ all is not gold that glitters, 1JQ$ 8eignor

'ococurante and his happy home, 1JJ.

7is vie>s upon the Opera, 7omer, irgil, 7orace,

and ?ilton, 1J%$ :andide and ?artin sup >ith siE

eE-kings, 1K5 $ to :onstantinople in search of :une-

gund, 1%0$ strange discovery of Dr. 'angloss and

:unegundBs brother, supposed to have been long dead,

1%#$ congratulations on re-appearing after being

hanged and run through, 1%5$ perils of politeness to

pretty devotees, 1%K$ :andide at last Hnds his :une-

gund, no longer a beauty but >illing to >ed, N00.

?arriage convinces :andide that this is, perhaps, on

the >hole, not Fuite as delightful a >orld as Dr.

'angloss had led him to believe, N0#$ the >ise old

man >ho chose >ork rather than philosophy, N05$

:andide concludes that it is best to <take care of

our garden,< N0K$ nevertheless, he tires of his ideal

life and sets out alone to test again the best of all

NSS oltaire IndeE

possible >orlds, N0%$ he receives a shock in the home

of a rich 'ersian, N1S$ he is presented to the (ing

and receives Hfty royal presents >ith ill grace, N1K.

*he loss of a leg from an optimistBs point of vie>,

NNN$ ho> :andide became a very great man, and >as

re>arded >ith libels-, NNS$ he at last Hnds his ideal

of happiness, NNJ$ TirLaBs strange story, NN%$ :andide

tends to pessimism, N##$ more adventures, N#Q$ hears

ne>s of :unegund, NSN$ adventure >ith a fair ap-

lander, NSS$ philosophy in Denmark, NSK$ falls in

love >ith Tenoida, N5#$ ho> he loses Tenoida and

once more Hnds :unegund, NQS.

oses heart and thinks of suicide, >hich, ho>ever,

he postpones, NJ0 $ misfortunes bring him in touch once

more >ith 'angloss, NJ# $ Bt>iEt Tenoida and :une-

gund, NJJ$ :andide Hnds the >orld has its consola-

tions and as bet>een optimism and pessimism, <thereBs

much to be said on both sides,< NJ%.

4O?/:)8 :O*I9)D. O. II.

T/DI, *he ?ystery of ate $ the blind of one eye, ii.

5 $ the nose, 10 $ the dog and the horse, 1# $ the envious

man, 1K$ the generous, N5$ the minister, NK$ the dis-

putes and the audiences, #N$ &ealousy, #5$ the >oman-

beater, S1 $ slavery, SQ$ the funeral pile, 51$ the supper,

55$ the rendeLvous, Q0$ the dance, QS$ blue eyes, QK$

the robber, JS$ the Hsherman, J%$ the basilisk, KS$

the combats, %5$ the hermit, 10N$ the enigmas, 11N.

*7) 8*O4+ O MO7+$ or, the /theist and the 8age,

ii. 11K$ adventures of Mohnny, the young )nglishman,

11%$ also those of his father, 1NN$ the controversy of

the <;uts,< 1NJ$ Mohnny returns to ondon, 1#J$

they >ant to get Mohnny married, 1SN$ a terrible ad-

venture, 1SQ$ >hat happened in /merica, 151$ dia-

logue on atheism, 1QN$ the problem of good and

evil, 1J5$ conscience, 1KQ$ MohnnyBs marriage, 1%N.

*7) 7I*) ;9. 7o> 'rincess /masidia meets

a bull, ii. 1%S$ 'haraohBs magician, 1%%$ the 'rincess

oltaire IndeE NS5

converses >ith a serpent, N0S$ they >anted to sac-

riHce the bull and eEorcise the 'rincess, N11 $ the

magicianBs >ise counsel, N1J$ he gives the three proph-

ets a good dinner, NNS$ MonahBs Hsh to s>allo> the

hite ;ull, NNK$ the serpent entertains the 'rincess



>ith stories, N#0 $ the 'rincess >as not beheaded after

all, N#Q$ the hite ;ull PebuchadneLLarR resumes

human form and marries the beautiful 'rincess, N#%.

*7) ?/ O O4*+ :4O8. ational poverty, ii.

NSS$ his disaster, NSQ$ the geometrician eEplains

things, N50$ adventure >ith a :armelite, NQK$ a talk

>ith the ?inister of inance, NJ1 $ *he ?an of orty

:ro>ns marries and has an heir, NJ5 $ on paying

taEes to a foreign po>er, NKN$ on proportions, NK5$

a Fuarrel over ?arcus /ntoninus, N%# $ a rascal re-

pulsed, N%Q$ good suppers, good talk, and good books,

#00.

4O?/:)8 :O*I9)D. O III.

M)/O* /D :OI, iii. 5. 7o> fortunes are

made and the envious snarl at the fortunate, Q$ :olin

becomes a marFuis, J$ >hat is the good of education!

%$ love, marriage, and disinterested friendship, 1J.

?I:4O?)/8. / voyage to 8aturn by a native of

8irius, iii. N0$ ?icromegas discusses philosophy >ith

the 8aturnian, NS$ they take a trip among the rings

and moons of 8aturn, N%$ then they visit our little

)arth, #N$ ?icromegas the gigantic picks up a >ar-

ship, #Q$ they are astonished that human mites can



talk, #%$ and shake >ith laughter >hen one of the

mites professes to kno> all about the universe and

the po>er behind it, S%.

*7) *4/)8 O 8:/4?)*/DO. hat he learned

at 4ome, iii. 51 $ and sa> in rance, and )ngland,

7olland, and 8pain, 5N$ adventure >ith the InFui-

sition, 5Q$ tolerance of the *urks, 5J$ missionaries

in :hina, 5%$ adventures in India and /frica, the

trivialities of sectarian fanaticism, Q0.

*7) 794O, or, '9'I O /*94), a study of civil-

NSQ oltaire IndeE

iLation. *he 'rior, his sister, and the young :anad-

ian, iii. QS$ of Indian blood, he speaks >hat he thinks

and acts as he pleases, QK $ he proves to be the 'riorBs

nephe>, J% $ is promptly converted and baptiLed, K# $

falls in love >ith his godmother, KK$ beats the )nglish

single-handed and goes to court for his re>ard, 100$

lands in the ;astille, 10K$ his opinions on stage plays,

11%$ an elopement, 1NQ$ the beautiful ?iss 8t. +ves

releases her lover, 1S0$ her eEperiences of pious



friends, 1SS$ her death, 15S.

*7) '4I:)88 O ;/;+O. 4oyal contest for the

hand of ormosanta, iii. 1QS$ her three lovers and

their gorgeous gifts, 1QJ$ the +oung 8hepherd tri-

umphs in the competition, 1JK$ the >onderful talking

bird, 1KN $ ormosanta on her travels, N1N $ hears

ne>s of her chosen lover, NNS$ adventures in 4ome

and 'aris, NSN$ discovers him in a shocking situation,

but eventually forgives him, NSK.

*7) O4D /s I* O)8. Ithuriel despatches

;abouc to report on the 'ersians, iii. NQQ$ peculiarities

of >ar, NQK$ and of city >ays, NJ0$ pulpit and stage,

NJ5 $ traders, clerics, and men of letters, NJ% $ Ithuriel

spares the people because they are not so >icked as

their censors paint them, NKK.

*7) ;/:( /D *7) 7I*). +oung 4ustan

adores the 'rincess of :achemir, iii. N%0$ strange story

of his travels to her country, N%N$ ho> he listens to

t>o contradictory oracles and obeys the one >hich

promises >ell but turns out ill, N%# $ death in the

moment of victory and life is much of a nightmare,

#0#.



*7) OOD ;4/7?I. Does happiness result from

ignorance, or from kno>ledge! iii. #1N.

4O?/:)8 :O*I9)D. O. I.

/D4) D)8 *O9:7)8 I 8I/?. 7o> much happier

a nation >ould be if it could eEchange its governing

machine for good music, iv. 5.

oltaire IndeE NSJ

*7) ;ID /8 M9D)8 O :OO4, 1#.

*7) :)4+?/ /D 7is 8O9. / run of bad luck,

15$ 'uppets of 'rovidence, N5.

/ :O)48/*IO I*7 / :7I)8), NK.

?)?O *7) '7IO8O'7)4. 7o> a >ell-meaning

youth can get badly battered in this best of possible

>orlds, ##.

'/*OB8 D4)/?. / passing comment on the dream-

er, SN.

/ /D)*94) I IDI/. 'ythagoras apologiLes to

the eloFuent oyster, SJ.

;/;/;):. *he sublime humors of pietistic enthu-

siasm, 51.

/:I)* /I*7 /D /;) and modern credulity,

5Q.

*7) *>o :O?O4*)48, the doleful <friend< >ho

makes bad >orse, and *ime, the divine healer, Q1.

?/4:98 /94)I98 /D *7) 4):O)* 4I/4. *he

'agan forms an opinion of the priest, QS.

*7) ;4/7?I /D *7) M)89I*. *hey do not Fuite

agree on the practical value of selHsh prayer, J0.

9:4)*I98 /D 'O8IDOI98. 7o> the >isest phil-

osophers Hnd solace and strength in reverent igno-

rance, JQ.

/ :I)* /D 7is /+)4. On some of the

stra>s that foreshado> legal decisions, %5.



?/D/?) D) ?/I*)O /D ?D). D) B):O8.

7uman natureBs &udgments of human nature, 101.

/ 8//) /D / ;/:7)O4 O /4*8. *he natural

and the artiHcial man, >ith some primitive notions

on superHne civiliLation, 10K. 8ee DI/O9)8.

4O?/:)8, the old, of rance, note, El. N5%.

4O?/8 /O) () 7o> *o ?/() OOD 4O/D8, Eiii.

1S#.

4O?), early historical legends of, E. J#.

its Hrst church there >as dedicated to 8t. Mohn, not

to 'eter, Eiv. 1K5.

state of, in the eighth century, the popes >ere sub-

NSK oltaire BIndeE

&ects not rulers$ fathers and comforters, not grandees,

EEiv. KN. 8ee :74I8*I/I*+, :794:7, 'O')8, *O-

)4/*IO.

4O8)8, /48 O *7). 8ee ?/4/4)* O /MO9.

4O8I:49:I/8, *7), note, El. 1N1.

4O988)/9, M)/ ;/'*I8*), 1QJ0-1JS1, his <infamous verses<

condemned, viii. %%$ EEE. 1SK$ EEEvi. S0, 5N, %#$

EEEviii. #00.

M)/ M/:U9)8, 1J1N-1JJK, oltaireBs famous letter to,

EEEviii. NN#.

4O+/ :7/4/*/8, the utility of inspiration, Eiii. S0.

4O+/ DIII*+.

erBs divine.<

Death of )mperor :harles, EEEvi. N5Q.

O)48.

< *o please, in short, the task is of the day,

or kings in love have a peculiar >ay.<

a 'uerile, El. #5.

8ociety, *he, for the advancement of science, founded

by :harles II., 1QQ1, EEiE. %.

styles, titles, and their meanings, Ei. S%$ EEEvii. N05.

49)48, >hy the ruled put up >ith, Ei. N#K.

49')4*, '4I:), 1Q1%-1QKN, his royalist army beaten at

+ork, 1QSS, EEviii. NJK.

4988I/, 'oland, 8>eden, Italy, enice, ho> one-half of

)urope >as indebted to t>o >omen for its kno>ledge

of :hristianity in the tenth and eleventh centuries,

EEiv. NJQ.

<4ussian )mpire, *he,< in t>o volumes, EEEiv.-EEEv.

8ee ')*)4 *7) 4)/*.

Description of 4ussia, EEEiv. 1J$ population,

Hnances, etc., SK$ ancestors of 'eter the, reat, Q5$

sedition among the 8trelitLes, J5$ administration of

'rincess 8ophia, K0$ reign of 'eter I., K%$ treaty >ith

the :hinese, %J $ conFuest of /Lov, 101 $ travels of

'eter the reat, 10K$ changes in customs, manners



and the :hurch, 1NN$ >ar >ith 8>eden, 1#5$ 'eterBs

oltaire IndeE NS%

triumph at ?osco>, 1SN $ victories of :harles 6II.

of 8>eden, 1QQ$ defeated by 'eter the reat, battle

of 'oltava, 1%1 $ conFuests of 'eter, 1%% $ campaign

of the 'ruth, N1J$ marriage of 'eter and :atherine,

N5#$ events of 1J1N, NQ#$ 'eterBs prosperity at its

Lenith, N%0$ he travels through )urope, N%Q$ recep-

tion in rance, #01.

4eturn of the :Lar, EEEv. 5$ proceedings against

his son, /leEis, n$ national progress after 1J1K,

Q0$ trade of 4ussia, QQ$ la>s and religion, JQ$ treaty

of ystad, KS $ conFuests in 'ersia, %S $ death of 'eter

the reat and coronation of :atherine I., 10K$ original

documents of state, 1N1 $ appendiE $ climate, customs,

commerce, etc., 1S#$ anecdotes of 'eter the reat, 1%S.

49+*)4, ?I:7) /D4I/TOO, /D?I4/ D), 1Q0J-1QJQ, EEii.

1QN, 1Q%.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6III. :O*I9)D.



4//I/: 4O?).

4//I/:, 4/:OI8, 15JK-1Q10, the assassin of 7enry I.,

Eiii. SS$ his father confessor demonstrates that the

murderer had gone to heaven and his royal victim

to hell, S5$ od takes care of 7is elect, SK.

4)/8O/;), 4I7*. 8ound thinking and plain speaking

are virtues that are liable to be punished more severely

than vices and crimes, SK$ fate of the >ise man >ho

spoke the truth to the 'ope and the 8ultan, 50.

4)I:8, pagan >orship of, 51$ the trade in them, 5S$

miracle at the Hnding of 8tephenBs remains, 55$ drink-

ing bouts on the tombs of saints, 5J$ their ghosts

dealt death among those >ho meddled >ith their

tombs, 5%.

4)IIO. *he >ise minority may philosophiLe as they

please among themselves but, if you have but a village

to govern, it must have a religion, Q1 $ pure >orship

possible >ithout mutilation of the person, QN.



N50 oltaire IndeE

7omage of a reverent heart to the 8upreme 'o>er,

stupidity of not recogniLing it$ madness not to adore,

QS$ a vision of bones, a monument to the >ickedness

of pious hatred and intolerance, Q5 $ stolen plunder,

QQ.

:onverse >ith the 8hades of 'ythagoras, 8ocrates,

and Mesus, on their earthly eEperiences, QJ.

'olytheism a lapse from primitive monotheism, J5 $

the rise of local gods and secret mysteries, J%$ the

policy of speaking respectfully of onions and cats

>here such things happen to be held sacred, J% $ the

po>ers that be can pervert an accepted religion, K#$

the ideal state religion, KS.

'agan absurdities compared >ith :hristian legends,

K5 $ ferocious eEempliHcations of the gospel of love,

KQ$ distinction bet>een a 8tate religion, >hich con-

cerns itself >ith public proprieties, not prying into

our thoughts, and a theological religion, >hich is the

parent of fanaticism and civil discord, the enemy of

mankind, KJ.



4)8944):*IO, the idea antedates historical times, %# $ the

Hrst :hristians eEpected to live till the >orldBs end,

%Q$ the body turns to dust, >hich produces the sub-

stance of our food, so >e eat our predecessors and

there is a diculty about each being resurrected

>hole, %J$ :leopatraBs Fuestion, %%$ moral and physi-

cal ob&ections to the doctrine are easily ans>ered by

divines, 10S.

47+?), verse the language of the gods, KK$ richness of

the 7ebre> tongue, K%$ poets take to blank verse be-

cause incapable of rhyming, %0$ musical perfection of

rench rhyme, %1.

4I7*8, origin of, 10J$ the claims of kings and popes,

no$ heretics had no rights, no$ soldiers have the

right to go and kill or be killed, in$ )cclesiastical

:anon a>, 11N$ priest-la> must be sub&ect to civil

la>, 11#$ religion presumes choice and liberty, no

force can make men religious, 115$ a church has

oltaire IndeE N51

ecclesiastics, but they are not the church, 115$ :hurch



and 8tate must have separate &urisdiction, 11J$ church

>ealth no more sacred than secular property, 1N1 $

religious assemblies sub&ect to the 8tate, 1NN$ the

church can only inAict penalties in another >orld, 1NJ $

eEcommunication a crime if it deprives a man of his

civil rights, 1N%$ fees for absolution in cases of homi-

cide, bigamy, heresy, and for permission to read for-

bidden books, 1#Q.

4I)48, oltaire >as taught that all rivers came from the

sea, 1S0$ fallacious systems of the ancients, 1S1.

4O/D8, the 4omans alone capable of making and keeping

up good roads, 1S#$ more sensible >ork than build-

ing pyramids, 1SS$ ouis 6I. revived good road-

making, 1SJ$ duty of the government to make good

roads, 1S%.

4OD, the magic >ands of the old deities and of /aron,

151-

4O?), the court of, 15#$ the popes gre> rich after they

ceased to be simply the heads of a religious sect, 15J$

foundation of the patrimony of 8t. 'eter, 15K$ >hole-

sale eEcommunication of kings and emperors, 15%$ if

the popes have >ielded immense po>er, their position

has often been precarious, 1Q0.


8/;/*)I-8)I, the alse ?essiah of the seventeenth cen-

tury$ his eEtraordinary career, EEiE. 10J$ EEE. N%1.

8/:4)D D4/?/8, passion plays, religious dancing, EEEvii.

N5S-

8/:4II:)8 of human life in all religions, E. 1#5.

8/:4II:I/ O)4I8 and the need for incense, vii. N0J.

8/), the true, is the maker of >hatever ameliorates the

condition of a people, especially the poor, Eiv. NJ1.

8*. ;/4*7OO?)B8 D/+, 15JN, iE. 1Q.

< ;ut stranger far, >hat fe> >ill eBer believe

N5N oltaire IndeE

In future ages, or yourself conceive,

*he barbarous mob, >hose hearts >ith added Hre

*hose holy savages, their priests, inspire,

)ven from the carnage call upon the ord,

/nd >aving high in air the reeking s>ord,

O@er aloud to od the sacriHce abhorred.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. ##.

8*. )4)?OD, :7/4)8, 1Q1#-1J0#, EEiii. 1NK, 1SK$ EEEviii.

#01.

8*. M/?)8, the brother of Mesus, >as ;ishop of Merusalem,

Hrst of all the bishops, Eiv. 1K5.

8*. M/9/4I98, the miraculous boiling of his blood, Eiv. 1J.

8*. ?)?I, ?/D/?) D), her ghost declared she >as in hell

because her husband had paid the church too little

for her burial, Eiv. 1QJ.

8*. ')*)4 >as not the Hrst bishop of 4ome, because the

Hrst church built in that city >as dedicated to 8t.

Mohn, kno>n as the 8t Mohn ateran :hurch today,

Eiv. 1K5.

8*. 'I)44), B/s;) D), 1J#J-1K1S, EEEviii. #01.

8/I*)D //;OD8 >ho had no merit but ignorance, en-

thusiasm and Hlth, Eiv. #0.

8/I*+ ;)I8. <8aints are men.< Eiv. 15K.

8/I*7 O) O *7)?. <+our sensible >omen are

very fond of fools at times.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1KN.

8//DI, 11#J-11%#, his Hrst conFuest, love in >ar, EEv.

11#$ a great 'ersian soldier, 11S$ his magnanimity

to his defeated foe, (ing uy of usignan, 115$ his

rigor in punishment, 115$ his toleration of the :hris-

tian faith after his capture of Merusalem, 11Q$ his

noble character contrasted >ith that of :hristian ty-

rants, 11J$ )urope alarmed at his victories, 11KK$

4ichard of )ngland disarms 8aladin, 1N0$ >ho died

in 11%5, leaving money to be divided among the poor

?ahometans, Me>s, and :hristians, 1N1.

8/I: /, *7), gospel authority for, EEiE. N%N, N%J$ Eli.

N5K.

oltaire IndeE N5#

8/* O *7) )/4*7.

<*he friends of truth and &ustice are gro>n old

In honest poverty$ above the pride

Of >ealth, >hich they disdain.<

;rutus, Ev. NSQ.

8/?8O, dramas and comedies on, Eiii. 1QQ.

8/:*/ 8I?'I:I*/8.

< rom time to time her eyelids shut >ould be,

aught seeing, she believed that none could see.<

a 'ucelle, El. 15S, 1Q%.

8/*/ given the mastery of the >orld by the early

church, Eii. %0.

the name is from the 'ersian and Mob >as said to

have been a 'ersian, EEiv. SQ$ note, Eli. NQK.

8/*I4) O ?/9')4*I98, as Dr. /kakia, EEEvii 1K5.

8/*I4I:/ *4)/*?)* O 7is I;))48, oltaireBs :anto

I., a 'ucelle, El. 1%5-N1N.

8/*I4I8*, *7). <Indeed, ?r. asp, you make your-

self a great many enemies.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. Q.

8/94I, MO8)'7, a scholar and free-thinking priest of uni-

versal genius, EEE. 151.

8//) /D / ;/:7)O4 O /4*8. 8ee DI/O9)8.

8/O/4O/, I4O/?O, 1S5N-1S%K, Dominican monk, >ho

thought that a talent for preaching FualiHed him for

governing the nation, EEvi. N00$ his popularity >ith

the people is opposed by a clever ranciscan, backed

by the 'ope and the ?edici family, N01 $ the country

and church split into furious parties$ a challenge to

try 8avonarolaBs sanctity by the Hre test is accepted,

but declined in vie> of the burning stakes, N0N$ he

>as seiLed and tortured, and by virtue of an alleged

confession that he >as an impostor, he >as strangled

and burned, N0N.

8/6) ?/487/, 1Q%Q-1J50, natural son of /ugustus II.

of 'oland, EE. 11%$ victorious at the siege of 'rague,

EEEiii. 5Q$ Hghting in ;ohemia and ;avaria, KK$ com-

N5S oltaire IndeE

mands the rench army in landers, N1%$ siege of

*ournay, battle of ontenoy, NN5.

8:/I)4, MO8)'7, his translation of the 7ermes *risme-

gistus, E. 5S.

8:/D/ ?O)48. <7e >orks himself into fam-

ilies to bring in misery >here there is none and to

increase it >here there is.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 1J.

8:/D)4;), the title of an /lbanian, named Mohn :as-

triot, >ho tried to he> his >ay to the throne of the

8ultan, EEvi. 10%$ he recovered possession of his

fatherBs petty sovereignty, no.

<8:/4?)*/DO, *7) *4/)8 O.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

8:/44O, '/9, Hrst husband of ?adame de ?aintenon,

EEiii. 1K# $ EEEviii. #05.

8:)'*I:I8? O 7I8*O4+, *7), EEEvii. NQ%-NK0.

8:)'*4). <'o>er supreme is not to be divided.<

:atiline, Evii. NSK.

and censer, t>o mighty po>ers, Eii. NJ1. 8ee 'O')8.

8:7I8? O *7) )8*, the great, EEv. NS# $ 'ope 9rban,

1#JK, threatened to depose a fe> kings $ a cardinal

shook his Hst in the 'opeBs face and said he lied$

)urope took up the Fuarrel, a civil and religious >ar

lasted forty years over the rival 'opes, each of >hom

pronounced the other to be /ntichrist$ a third 'ope

>as chosen over the others in 1S0%, Mohn 66III. ,

>ho >as deposed for crimes, N5J.

8:7O/487I' I *7) ?IDD) /)8, Eiv. N0N.

8:7O/8*I:I8? in the Hfteenth century, the <8ummum< of

8t. *homas /Fuinas, sham learning, grave foppery,

absurd fancies conveyed in unintelligible &argon, EEvi.

N0S.

8:79);)4, ?/487/, :ount of 'oland, EE. 10%$ de-

feated by the 8>edes, JN1 $ letter from oltaire to,

concerning matters in the 7istory of :harles 6II. of

8>eden, EEi. 5#.

8:I)*II: O4). <(no>ledge, if not to prudence

&oined, is vain.<

*he 9tility of 8ciences, EEEvi. NS%.

oltaire IndeE N55

8:O*/D, its troubles through the change in religion,

155%, EEvii. 11Q.

8:9D)4I, )O4) D), 1Q0#-1QQJ, rival and enemy of :or-

neille, EEEvi. SK.

?/D))I) D), 1Q0J-1J01, EEEviii. #0Q, note, Eli. 1J5.

8)/4:7 I*7I. <Our days

/re happy or unhappy from ourselves,

/nd not from circumstance or accident.<

/lLire, Evii. 1#.

8):OD *7O97*8. <8he seemed

*oo much in haste$ such sudden resolutions

;etray an over-anEious mind.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1J%.

< *hough proud ambition kindled in his soul,

7is cooler &udgment could that pride control.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. S1.

8):4)* O)8.

< 'erhaps the 'ersians are not our >orst foes,

e may have greater.< :asar, EiE. 10Q.

8):4)*8.

< 7e >ho but half unveils his secrets, tells

*oo little or too much.< ;rutus, Ev. N5#.

8):*/4I/8 and churchmen think each other more or less

superstitious, Eiv. #1.

8):*8, >hen small they are pure, but degenerate as they

gro> po>erful, Eiv. 1Q0.

are friendly on >eek days, Fuarrelsome on 8undays,

but tolerant because none is strong enough to crush

the others, Eii. N%S.

8))( ;O*7. <or one >ho is captivated by the per-

fections of the soul, a thousand are caught by the

eye.< *he *atler, Eviii. NKS.

8)9I)4, :7/:)O4, and the Mansenists, EEi. 1S%.

8)-:O*4O.

< In the hard conAict, rigid virtue may

4esist the passions, but can neBer destroy them.<

:)dipus, Evi. 1QN.

N5Q oltaire IndeE

8)I87 O+. </ ridiculous creature >ho thinks

of nothing but her pleasures.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1K1.

8)-D):)I*. <e are oft more guilty than >e think

>e are.< C)dipus, Evi. 1K5.

8)-D)I/.

<*o leave our o>n, and think on othersB good

Is our Hrst happiness.< Taire, EiE. #5.

8)-IO4/:). <;y heaven >e are better kno>n

than by ourselves.< Olympia, Ev. 11J.

8)-?/D). <*he pride of :icero

7ath ever been, that he should nothing o>e

*o his forefathers$ my nobility

8prings from myself, and thine may end in thee.<

:atiline, Evii. N#5.

8)-?/8*)4+. <If man is free, he oBer himself

should reign.< )nvy, EEEvi. 1K#.

<8)?I4/?I8,< Uueen of /ssyria about 1N50 ;. :. $ the

tragedy of$ incident at the Hrst performance, EEEvii.

1#N$ pitfalls in the representation of ghosts and pain-

ful spectacles, 1#5 $ oltaireBs apology for his treat-

ment of this play, 1#%.

< of the orth,< ?argaret of aldemar, EE. 1S.

8)/*)8. <e must consult the public good alone.<

8emiratnis, Evii. 1%1.

8)8)8, deceived by our, viii. 1S#.

8)4DO? lingered in the rench mainmort system, Eiii. NN0.

8)48, state of in the eighth century, EEiv. 1#1, pitched

battles bet>een bishops and their serfs, 1#N.

8)4?O8, their mechanical division into three heads,

EEEvii. 10#.

8))*))*7 :)*94+, )94O') I *7), EEiE. 5J-K#$

4ussia, *urkey, %5$ :hina, 1SS.

8))4I*+. <*oo much severity suits none but tyrants.<

:atiline, Evii. NJ#.

8)I, ?/4+ D) 4/;9*I, 1QNQ-1Q%Q, EEEviii. #0Q.

8)I, 8/;/*)I, a false ?essiah, Ei. NQQ.

8)69/ '/88IO and pure sentiment blend as elements

of love, Ei. 1#K.

oltaire IndeE N5J

87/DO.

< *he greatest good is ever dashed >ith grief$

o bliss is pure.< Olympia, Ev. 1NQ.

87/*)8;94+, O4D, 1QN1-1J1#, all is for the best, Eii. KQ.

87/()8')/4), 15QS-1Q1Q. <It is much to be lamented

that >e Hnd so much more barbarism than real genius

in his >orks.< EEE. 5%.

*he tragedy of 7amlet nearly on the same plan as

that of the <)lectra< of 8ophocles$ analysis of$

<8hakespeare has done nothing more than turn into

dialogues the romances of :laudius, ertrude, and

7amlet, >ritten entirely by 8aEo, the grammarian,

to >hom the >hole glory of the performance is due.<

P/n amusing critiFue, in >hich the poetical and dra-

matic genius of the play>right seem to be too lofty

for perception from the seat of the eighteenth cen-

tury rench theatre-goer$ note the rendering of 7am-

letBs soliloFuy, EEEiE. 1NS-1S0.R

It seems as if nature took pleasure to unite in the

head of 8hakespeare all that >e can imagine great

and forcible, together >ith all that the grossest dull-

ness could produce of everything that is most lo> and

detestable, EEEvii. 1#J.

87/? I;)4*+.

< Our la>s should >ith our manners change $

*hat liberty thou dotest on is no more

*han the foolBs right to hurt himself.<

:aesar, EiE. 1#N.

I4*9). <I am very virtuous, says a miserable

eEcrement of theology.< Eiv. 1Q1.

87/4I. <7appiness uncommunicated is no happiness

at all.< *he *aller, Eviii. NJK.

<87/) ith a 7ired 4aLor, *he ord shall, and shall

>histle for the Aies that are in the brooks of )gypt,

and for the bees that are in the land of /ssyria.< *hese

performances >ere to celebrate the virgin birth of

Immanuel, and the passage, Fuoted from Isaiah,

<should confound the Me>s and . make the :hristian

N5K oltaire IndeE

religion triumph, in the opinion of all our great

theologians.< Eiii. N0.

87))' O *7) O:(. </m I ridiculously to ask

of others >hat I am to seek, or to avoid, to praise or

condemn! ?ust the >orld decide my fate! 8urely

I have my reason, and that should be my guide.<

anine, Eviii. %J.

87I4*, did luEury begin >ith the making of the Hrst

shirt, or >hen it >as starched and ironed! Ei. 15S.

8I:II/ )8')48, *7). Mohn de 'rocida, d. 1#0#, dis-

guised as a friar, plotted the massacre of the rench

in 8icily >hen the bell rang for )aster 8unday vespers.

*>o versions of the massacre of 1NKN, EEv. 1Q%.

8I+ DI8'/+. <+ou love pomp and splendor, and

place grandeur and nobility in a coat of arms $ I look

for it in the heart.< anine, Eviii. %Q.

8I)4 U9)8*IO, *7), in the seventeenth century$ ho>

gold and silver, going from /merica to )urope, gets

s>allo>ed up in 7indostan, never to re-appear, EEiE.

1S1 $ >hy the natives of India have never earned

more than each dayBs bare subsistence, 1SN.

8I?O D) ?O*O4*, d. 1N1K, the ?accabee and land

stealer, EEv. 1JS$ his end, 1JJ.

8I?O *7) ?/I:I/. *he 8imon ?agus >ith >hom

8t. 'eter had a contest of skill. 8imon not only made

things Ay across the stage, but made himself >ings G

he Ae>, but fell, vii. 11#.

8I?') 8')):7.

< *hou speakest the language of pure love,

/nd nature$ thus may lovers al>ays speak.<

'andora, Evii. N%J.

8I4) /?I+, *7), atrocious persecution of, viii. NS,

EEEviii. NS5. 8ee *O)4/*IO.

8I8*)47OOD.

< *ruth, ever banished from the courts of kings,

D>ells on her lips, and all the art she kno>s

Is but the generous care to serve the >retched.<

?ariamne, Evi. NN0.

oltaire IndeE N5%

8iE D)*74O)D (I8, *7), i. 1KJ.

8I6*))*7 :)*94+, )urope in the, EEvi. NQQ$ manners

and progress, #1Q.

8I6*98 ., 15N1-15%0, and illustrious 'ope, his enrich-

ment of 4ome, EEiE. N%.

8/D)4)48, Merome, )piphanius, :yril, regory, and other

pious, Ei. 11%.

8/D)4)4, *7). <*ruth stands in need of some

ornament, do>nright lies may indeed be vile things,

but Hction is beautiful.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. N%.

8/97*)4! 7+.

< ?ortals, youBre bound by sacred tie,

*herefore those cruel arms lay by.<

*he 'eace of 1J#Q, EEEvi. NJQ.

8/)4+ countenanced by :hristianity, Eiii. N1S. 8ee

8)48.

8/)8 from /frica sold by )nglish merchants to the

8paniards for their /merican colonies, 1J1Q, EEEiii.

%Q$ Fuarrels bet>een 8pain and )ngland$ a mutilated

)nglish captain arouses 'arliament, %%$ >ar declared

against 8pain, 1J#%$ battles on the high seas, 101 $

rance helps 8pain, 10N$ Hghting under pretended

mistakenness, >ith apologies.

Bar of 1JS1< EEEiii. 10#.

8))', t>enty years out of siEty >e spend in sleep, Ei. 1J0.

8))', /D 7O').

< *he great, the boundless clemency of od,

*o soothe the ills of lifeBs perpleEing road,

8>eet 8leep, and 7ope, t>o friendly beings gave,

hich earthBs dark, gloomy conHnes never leave.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. %Q.

8IDI scale of charges for absolutions, Eiii. 1#Q.

8?/-*/( /**)4+. <4idiculous compliments,

a register of commonplace cant and hypocrisy that tires

one to death.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1QS.

8?I)8 may be malicious, laughter indicates momentary

pleasure, the greatest en&oyments are serious, Ei. 5K.

NQ0 oltaire IndeE

8O;;)4+. <*o boast of a title, if >e have one, is the

part of a fool, and to assume one >hen >e have no

right, that of a knave.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. %.

8O;)4I D9*I)8.

< Duties and honors >hich a>hile

*o serious contemplation souls dispose.<

Olympia, Ev. 1Q5.

8O;I)8(I, MO7, 1QN%-1Q%Q, (ing of 'oland, EEii. N1#.

8O:I/ :7/4?8.

< hose converse all mortals must eFually please,

ith vivacity miEing an elegant ease,

/nd a natural vein of true humor and >it.<

*o ?. 'allu, EEEvi. NS1.

8*/*98. < 4ank

/nd title, ob&ects that are envied still

;y all mankind, pursued >ith eagerness,

/nd gained >ith rapture.<

/melia, Evi. %S.

8O:I)*+. <*his >orld is nothing but a lottery of

>ealth, titles, dignities, rights, and privileges, bartered

for >ithout legal claim, and scattered >ithout distinc-

tion.< anine, Eviii. 11#.

< *heir heads >ith triAes >ell are Hlled,

In triAes they are deeply skilled$

/nd if some man, >ith sense endued

8hould in their presence be so rude

*o speak like one >ho books has read,

/nd sho> he >ears a learned head,

ith anger Hred they on him fall,

7eBs persecuted by them all.<

On :alumny, EEEvi. %1.

8O:4/*)8, ;. :. SN%-#%%$ a chat >ith him in the 8hades.,

Eiii. QK.

*7) '/I8')/()4. <;et>een you and me

8ocrates is in the right, but then he should not

be in the right so publicly. 3 3 3 /fter all, >hat is

oltaire IndeE NQ1

there in poisoning a philosopher, especially >hen he is

old and ugly!< 8ocrates, Evi. #0J.

8ODO? /D O?O44/7. 7o> could Hve to>ns eEist near

a lake of undrinkable >ater! *he country around

>as asphaltic, vi. JJ.

8ODI)4, / O;).

 him gray in arms, yet undismayed,

Dear to his friends, respected by the foe,

irm in all states, ma&estic though in >oe$

)Epert alike in battle or retreat,

?ore glorious, even more a>ful in defeat.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. NK.

8ODI)48 O O4*9). < racious gods

Drive from this earth those base and savage men

ho shed >ith &oy their fello> creaturesB blood.<

?ahomet, Evi. 5J.

8OO?O, (I, ;. :. 1015-%JJ$ his >ealth and family cir-

cle, EEi. 1%%.

8O?)*I?)8.

< ouldst thou have me purchase empty honors

ith infamy and shame!< ?erope, Ev. 5N.

8O'7O:)/ art became enervated by love intrigues, Ev. 5.

8O4;O), *7), and the Mansenists, EEi. 1S1 $ the institu-

tion and its reverend doctors, note, El. 5S $ Eli. N5N.

8O4), /)8, 1S0%-1S50, and :harles II. of rance,

note, El. 51 $ Eli. N5#.

8O9, *7), discussion of a doLen philosophers on a desert

island, )ssays, EEEvii. 15N. 8ee 4)) I, 8O9,

Eiii. NQ1 $ OD, 8'I4I*, EEEv. N1%-NJ5 $ EEEvii. 15N.

8O9, *7).

</nd shall its eEistence Clike bodies soon cease!

I kno> not, but I have good hope it >ill brave

Death, the ruins of time and the &a>s of the grave$

/nd that an intelligent substance so pure,

*he /lmighty intended should al>ays endure.<

*o ?. enonville, EEEvi. N#5.

8O9D /49?)*8 often lead to martyrdom, Eiii. SK.

NQN oltaire IndeE

8O94 :4I*I:8.

< hy am I to be suspected of a dishonest purpose

;ecause I do an honest action!<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. #%.

8O94)D /?;I*IO. < 8o near the throne,

*o languish in illustrious servitude,

/nd only be the second of mankind.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1JN.

8O)4)I, OOD, *7), a chimera, iE. N5J.

8O)4)I*+. <)very man may rule, if he has a mind

to it, and he >ho has resolution may at any time be

master in his o>n house.< anine, Eviii. 1SS.

8'/I I *7) I*7 :)*94+, EEiv. 1J%$ conFuered by

the 8aracens, 1K1 $ in the tenth and eleventh centuries,

NKN $ it had nearly t>enty kings, some :hristians, some

?ahometans, NKQ.

9D)4 '7II' II., EEvii. NJ5$ the good and bad in his

character, NJK$ marries Uueen ?ary of )ngland, NJ%$

the victory at 8t. Uuentin, 155J, NK1 $ his spoils $ he

restores :alais to the rench, NKS$ marries Isabella of

rance, NK5$ is master of )urope$ controls the 'ope,

and eEterminates 'rotestants, NKQ$ his eEcessive cruel-

ties >eakened his po>er and strengthened that of the

9nited 'rovinces of 7olland, NKJ$ he gave the gov-

ernment of these 'rovinces to illiam of assau,

'rince of Orange, NK%. hen 'hilip tried to force

:atholicism and the InFuisition on the Dutch, they

rose against the Duke of /lva, N%1 $ his atrocities and

their reprisals, N%S$ the defence of eyden, 15JS-15J5,

N%S$ the 9nion of 9trecht, 15J%, N%K$ 'hilip sets a

price on illiamBs head, N%%$ it procures his murder,

#01 $ 'hilip becomes (ing of 'ortugal, #0K $ captures

the /Lores $ defeat of the Invincible /rmada, #1N $

EEviii. 5 $ death, 1#.

under 'hilip III. and 'hilip I., EEviii. N15.

8'/I87 /4?/D/.

< itness, ye seas ho> 'hilip fought in vain

Bainst )nglish valor, and the stormy main.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. 51.

oltaire IndeE NQ#

8uccession disputed, <ar of 1JS1,< EEEiii. #%.

8'/4) 79?/I*+.

< 7umbly the great :reator I entreat,

*his gulf >ith sulphur and >ith Hre replete,

?ight on the deserts spend its raging Aame$

od my respect, my love >eak mortals claim.<


8'/44OB8 7)/*7, /$ ho> nine /ve ?arias saved its

life but imperilled the safety of the universe, Eiii. NK.

8'):9/*IO, ID.

< /bove the rest appears that 8cotchman famed,

e> (ing of rance $ Mohn a> the cheat is named $

/ cro>n of choicest paper decks his head,

/nd on its front is B8ystemB plainly read$

/round him Aoat huge bags, pu@ed up >ith >ind,

:aught at by those >hose reason is Fuite blind$

'riests, >arriors, strumpets, think to gain ten-fold,

/nd thus from each he bears a>ay the gold.<

a 'ucelle, El. 105, 1NN.

< 'ublic a@airs are strangely carried on $ stocks rise,

the nationBs rich, and IBm ruined.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. II.

8'IOT/, ;))DI:*, his philosophy eEamined, iE. NNS$ com-

pared >ith ?irabaud, JQ$ he changed the thought,

but not the face, of the >orld, Ei. 1#1$ EEEv. NS#$

EEEviii. N#N.

<One must detest his atheism $ let us not calumniate

him in condemning him. 3 3 3 /theism cannot

beneHt morality and may do it a^ good deal of harm.

It is almost as dangerous as fanaticism.< .EEEviii.

N#1 $ EEEvii. 15%.

8'I4I*, soul, >ind, breath, that >hich animates us and

leaves us at death, Eiv. N#%. 8ee 8O9,

<8'I4I* O /8,< criticisms of ?ontesFuieuBs, Ei. 100-10K $

E. %%.

8'I4I*-4/I8I, an ancient art, but the ancient >itches and

>iLards never come back, Ei. 1Q#.

8'4I()D :74I8*I/8, vi. N0S.

NQS oltaire IndeE

8*/I O D4/?/8, criticism of the rench mode, )ssays,

EEEvii. 1#S.

8*//4*8.

< hen vulgar mortals, groveling and obscure,

orm ill-digested schemes, and idle plans

Of future greatness, if one slender >heel

Is broke, it overthro>s the >hole machine,

;ut souls like ours have naught to fear.<

:atiline, Evii. N5S.

8*/D/4D8 that vary according to locality, in la>, &ustice,

>eights and measures, viii. SK.

8*/I8/98, (I, father-in-la> of ouis 6., EEEiii. N5.

8*/*)8?/, *7) OOD.

< earless, and void of art,

ever a@ects the pride of rank and title,

*he less he seeks for greatness,

*he more is he admired, the more revered.<

8 emir amis, Evii. 151.

*7) ;/D.

< 'erish each statesman cruel and unkind

ho reigns despotic oBer the human mind.<

*he 7enriade, EEEBviii. N#.

8*/*)8-))4/ assembled after the death of 7enry I.,

EEviii. 1NK.

8*)/I /D D)8*4O+I O*/I4)B8 O4(8, *he /ge of

ouis 6I.$ <the most infamous trick that ever dis-

graced literature,< E. KJ.

8*);O:(, ))4/, of 8>eden $ his savage victory over

the Danes, EE. N0%, NKN, NK5.

8*)4:O4I8*8, Disputes of the, concerning >hat happened

in a certain place, after having fulHlled a sacred duty,

of >hich >e must speak only >ith the most profound

respect, Eiv. N01.

8*)4), /4):), 1J1#-1JQK, <the second )nglish

4abelais,< vii. N#K.

8*I?998. ant thy courage, not thy tears.<

:atiline, Evii. N#N.

oltaire IndeE NQ5

8*4I O 87/?). <*o su@er is nothing, but to be

degraded is terrible.< anine, Eviii. 1#%.

8*OI:8.

< *he sect he follo>s is a sect of fools

'erverse and obstinate, >hom nothing moves,

Intractable and bold$ they make a merit

Of hardening minds against humanity.<

:esar, EiE. 10N.

and )picureans, their gods, Eiii. #05 $ EEEv. NK0.

8*O4I)8 O O/7, O* /D /;4/7/?, iE. 1K0.

of enelonBs secretary, Eiv. N0Q $ of the Me>s, EEi. 1%#.

of youthful lovers forced into monastery and con-

vent, >ith details of tortures inAicted on the young

monk by ecclesiastical rule, as related by the victim

to oltaire, Eiv. 1K1.

8*4O ?/, *7).

</s Hrm and fearless as if honor guided

/nd patriot love inspired him$ ever secret

/nd master of himself$ no passions move,

o rage disturbs him $ in his height of Leal

:alm and unru[ed.< ;rutus, Ev. NS%.

8*9/4*8, *7), an unhappy and unlucky house during

three centuries. Mames I. >as murdered by his o>n

people$ Mames II. killed in battle$ Mames III. killed

by rebels $ Mames I. killed in battle $ his grand-

daughter, ?ary 8tuart, imprisoned eighteen years and

then beheaded$ her grandson, :harles I. of )ngland,

beheaded as a traitor$ his son Mames II. driven from

three kingdoms and the legitimacy of his son disputed.

*his son, the 'retender, and his son, 'rince :harles

)d>ard lost their cause and >ere the ruin of many

families of 8cotland. /ge of ouis, 6I., EEii. NS0.

8*+) /D ?)*7OD in >riting history, E. %0.

<7e >ho cannot shine by thought seeks to bring him-

self into notice by a >ord.< Eiv. NN%.

<In /riosto there is no proliEity, no defect of style,

no foreign ornaments $ in a >ord he is a painter, and a

NQQ oltaire IndeE

very great painter$ that is the Hrst merit of poetry.<

EEEvii. in.

<:heer up, man 'ut on your best looks $ assume

that air of importance and self suciency >hich is

sure to conFuer every heart, >hich ba[es >it and tri-

umphs over >isdom.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. N00.

<7o> puerile is any epithet that adds nothing to the

sense < EEEvii. 10J.

89;?)4)D. ant money, and thatBs the most

pressing calamity.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1Q5.

89;?I88I) I:4)D9I*+, viii. ##0.

89::)88. <?y mother is right$ address and cunning

are absolutely necessary in this >orld$ there is no suc-

ceeding >ithout them.< *he *oiler, Eviii. NQK.

89I:ID), strange cases, vii. 1%$ la>s against, N%$ in )ng-

land, EEEiE. #%.

< hen all is lost, and not even hope remains,

*o live is shameful, and to die, our duty.<

?erope, Ev. 5Q.

89?'*9/4+ /8, luEury al>ays condemned, but al>ays

coveted, Ei. 155.

89 /D ?OO, stopped in their daily round by Moshua,

Mupiter and 7eLekiah, viii. %N.

89')4)4O/*IO.

 to friendship reece has temples raised,

*o interest none, though interestBs there adored.<

Oylmpia, Ev. 11S.

89')48*I*IO O+ D/4()88, morality is light, Eii. N0.

in the tenth and eleventh centuries, EEiE. NSN.

is the most dreadful enemy of the human race, EEEvii.

N#0.

< O superstition, ho> thy savage po>er

Deprives at once the best and tenderest hearts

Of their humanity < ?ahomet, Evi. N#.

89')48*I*IO8, OD.

< hy >ould ye call forth from their dark abyss

*he foes of nature, to obscure the light

Of these fair regions.< 'andora, Evii. N%S.

oltaire IndeE NQJ

89''4)88IO O ?O/8*)4I)8 I )/D, the discovery

of pious frauds, Eii. %N.

and torture of the (nights *emplars, EEv. N0Q.

894/:) 4I)D8.

< O I kno> them >ell, these fashionable friends,

*hese friends of the >orld.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1JQ.

894)O O /8:O+, *7), and the /strologer, EEEvii. N01.

894I/ O I**)8*.

< *hus the >orldBs members eFual ills sustain,

/nd perish by each other born to pain.<

*he isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. 1S.

898'I:IO. <8uspicion but provokes the crime it

fears.< Taire, EiE. #S.

89**)), the practice of, vi. NK#.



8)D) I *7) 8))*))*7 :)*94+, EEiE. QK.

8)DI87 /4?+, brutality of the, :harles 6II. of 8>eden,

EE. NK5.

8))')4 O / :794:7, or seEton, none but >ould perse-

cute if he had the po>er, Eiv. #05.

8I*, MO/*7/, 1QQJ-1JS5, the 4abelais of )ngland,

Eii. #11$ an estimate of his genius and >ork, #,1N.

Dean, proposed an )nglish /cademy, backed by

;olingbroke, 'rior, 'ope, and :ongreve, Eiii. N#0.

Dr. 8>ift is 4abelais in his right senses, but polished

by freFuenting the best company. *rue pleasantry is

his talent in prose and verse, but to understand him

fully it is necessary to take a short trip into his coun-

try. 7e en&oys the honor of the priesthood, >hile he

laughs at the >hole cloth, EEEiE. %0.

there are several little pieces by Dean 8>ift un-

matched by anything of the kind in antiFuity. 7e is

4abelais improved, EEiii. N%0.

8>iss, *7). *he 8>iss nation preserved, as at this day,

its o>n liberty, >ithout seeking to oppress its neigh-

bors $ they >ere poor, ignorant of the sciences and

arts begotten by luEury, but they >ere >ise, and they

>ere happy. /ge of ouis 6I., EEii. NJ.

NQK oltaire IndeE

8I*T)4/D I *7) O94*))*7 :)*94+, EEv. N1S$

and in the Hfteenth, EEvi. 151.

8O4D-I7* bet>een *urenne and DB/umale. *he

7enriade, EEEviii. 1SQ.

8+?'/*7+ < *ears let them Ao>,

B*is the best mark of our humanity $

*he heart that feels not for anotherBs >oe

Is Ht for every crime.< /lLire, Evii. N1.

< *he poor are al>ays compassionate.<



*he 'rodigal, EiE. 1KK.

8+?'7O4I/ /D 8+?'7O4O8I/, saints and martyrs, Ei. N1J.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

ol. 6III. :O*I9)D.

8/?O*74/:) 8+8*)?.

8/?O*74/:) and its gods, Eiii. 1Q0$ its legend of a deluge,

an ark, and doves sent to Hnd land, 1Q#.

8/?8O, ?iltonBs and other dramas, 1Q5.

8/*94B8 4I, curious notions about, 1Q%.

8:/D/8, priestly, 1J0.

8:7I8?, a :hristian malady, 1JS$ a delirium of abuse and

enmity, curable only by philosophy, 1J5.

8:4O9/, healed by the (ingBs touch, 1J%$ this po>er

departed >hen people began to reason, 1K1.

8):*, a rallying point for error, 1K1 $ no sect in geometry $

no diversity of vie> upon noonday sunshine, 1K1 $ pro-

longed disputes signify that both parties are in error,

1K5-

8) O), the instrument of our preservation, 1KJ.

8)8/*IO. / divine po>er as manifest in the sensation

of an insect as in the brain of e>ton, 1KK. Our igno-

rance of sensation and mind, 1K%.

8)*):)8, 4emarkable. Mudicial murders, 1%0$ the eEe-

cution of :harles I. by )nglish fanatics, and of >omen

accused of >itchcraft, 1%1 $ curious reAections on the

mania >hich caused the killing of ?ary 8tuart,

8ervetus and other unfortunates, 1%J.

oltaire IndeE NQ%

8)4')*8. 7ad )ve spat upon the reptile mankind need

not have been <lost,< 1%%$ a simple snake eEterminator,

N00.

8)4)*98 and other unfortunates, 1%J.

87)(), the Me>s never coined money, but gave this name

to the coins they acFuired from entiles, N01.

8+;I8, their predictions >ere collected after the event,

N0S$ the principal dogmas of :hristianity >ere taken

from a poem of the :umoean sybil, N0J.

8II, observations on chanting, recitative, and the ob-

solete mode of dramatic declamation, N10.

8/)8. 8lavery as ancient as >ar, and >ar as human

nature, N1#. *he nations most ardent for liberty >ere

the severest >ith their slaves, N1# $ :hristianity counte-

nanced slavery, N1S, N1J$ the <dead hand< la>s a relic

of serfdom, NN0$ ?onks as >easles that suck the blood

of chickens, NNN.

8))')48, *7) 8)). *he veracious story of the dro>sy

knights of :hristendom >ho slept for one hundred and

seventy-seven years, NNN.

<8O ;)I)8,< the :retans so described by 8t. 'aul, NN5.

*he e@ects of a costive habit on the amiability even

of 8aints, NNQ. 8t. 'aul a cantankerous person, NNJ.

8O:I)*+ C4oyal of ondon, and /cademies. reat men

have been independent of learned societies, NNK. /n

)nglish /cademy proposed by 8>ift, ;olingbroke,

'ope and others, NN%.

8O:4/*)8, <the atheist >ho says there is only one od,<

N#S $ his perfect logic, N#5 $ fatal conseFuence of o@end-

ing makers of and dealers in sacred articles, N#Q.

8OO?O, and ether royal bookmakers, N#Q$ his inheritance

of nearly siE thousand million dollars in hard cash,

not counting &e>els and real estate, N#%$ yet he hun-

gered for all the gold of Ophir, NS0$ Hfty oEen and

one hundred sheep killed daily for his household con-

sumption$ four hundred and t>elve thousand horses

in his stable, NS1. ?odern kings, unlike 8olomon,

have more mistresses than >ives, NS1. ;ad taste of

many of his 'roverbs$ doubts of authorship, NS#$

NJ0 oltaire IndeE

)cclesiastes and 8ong of 8olomon a>k>ard for :hris-

tianity that these books slipped into the sacred canon,

NSS.

8O?/?;9I8*8 /D D4)/?)48. 9nconscious action of

the sleeping brain, N50$ the philosophy of dreams, N5Q.

8O'7I8*8, the grand defect of 'latonism is the transforma-

tion of abstract ideas into realities, NQ0.

8O9, literally that >hich animates, NQ1. <e have not

the smallest step on >hich to set our foot to reach the

slightest kno>ledge of >hat makes us live and >hat

makes us think,< NQN$ >hy and ho> is mind not mat-

ter ! NQ# $ 4evelation doubtless much better than phi-

losophy, NQ5 $ ancient ideas of soul $ 'syche, the soul

of the senses $ 'neuma, the breath $ nous, the intellig-

ence, NQQ. ockeBs reverent materialism, NJ0$ vie>s

of assendi, Descartes, ?alebranche, and the )arly

athers, NQJ, NJ1, NKK$ the souls of beasts, >hat is in-

stinct! NJ#. <hile adoring od >ith all our soui

let us ever confess our profound ignorance concern-

ing that soul, that faculty of feeling and thinking

>hich >e o>e to his inHnite goodness, NJJ$ >hat of

the souls of idiots and monstrosities! NK5$ summary

of ockeBs hypothesis and reasoning, N%0$ the t>elve

good philosophers on an uninhabited island, N%K$ the

deities of the 8toics, )picureans, reeks, 4omans, and

7ebre>s, #05 $ the fe> >ho think do not set themselves

to disturb the >orld, #0J. *he doctrine of immor-

tality >as ancient among the )gyptians, #0K. Our



inability to understand the soul, #1N. *he Old *esta-

ment says nothing about the spirituality and immor-

tality of the soul, #15.

8'/:). e make od a spirit in our o>n mode, in our

ignorance of his nature and universe, #N0.

8*/), 'olice of the$ actors sub&ected to eEcommunica-

tion, #NN$ yet comedies >ere played in nunneries to

audiences of ecclesiastics, #N5.

8*/*)8, overnments. )verybody kno>s a better system

than everyone elseBs, #NJ. 4ichelieuBs idea, #NK$ grand

oltaire IndeE NJ1

failures in theory and practice, #N%$ rance, )ngland,

India, /sia ?inor. *he ;rahminBs ideal country

still to be discovered, ##N.

8*/*)8-))4/, a survey of the nations, their systems

brieAy noted, ###.

O. 6I.

8*+), simplicity the best, 5$ every piece of >riting re-

Fuires accuracy of idea, propriety of eEpression, and

purity of language, Q$ classical eEamples, J$ vulgarity

of slangy phrases in serious >riting$ monotony is

feebleness, 10$ a Ao>ery style, sho>y >ithout strength

or stability$ may be used sparingly to lighten serious

discourse$ must not be confounded >ith the easy

style, ii $ coldness of style arises from a sterility of

ideas or poverty of diction, 1#$ corrupt style of slip-

shod eEpression, 1S$ professional &okers usually have

minds as incorrect as they are superHcial, 1Q.

89')48*I*IO, the 8t. Manuarius annual <miracle,< 1J$ bits

of the :ross, the irginBs hair, milk, and go>n$

?aundy *hursday observances, 1K$ apparition of Mesus

in a rench church$ 7e leaves a >eighty letter, N0$

the pious 'olish (ing-killers, N5$ invoking the 7oly

irgin to sanction crime, NK$ the only >orthy divini-

ties of the harvest are the spade and hoe, No& vagabond

saints, ignorant and dirty, #0$ the >orst crimes occur

in superstitious times, #0$ the church al>ays con-

demned magic yet al>ays practiced it, #0$ has no

deHnition of superstition, #1 $ each great church and

small sect calls the others superstitious, more or less,

#1$ ho> the church picked the peopleBs pockets, #N$

ho> far does policy permit superstition to be under-

mined, ##$ the fe>er superstitions the less fanaticism

and calamities.

8+?;O, or :redo. *he >ords and signs by >hich the

reeks >ere initiated into the sacred mysteries$ doubt-

ful if the /postles had this form, #S$ the :reed not

heard of until four centuries after :hrist, #5$ >e

NJN oltaire IndeE

must be good men >hether anybody rose from the

dead or not, #Q$ 8t. 'ierreBs :reed, #Q.

8+8*)?. :haldaean theory of the universe, #K$ <in pro-

portion as I gro> older, I doubt of all things,< #K.

/bsurd claims put for>ard to make believe that the

ancients anticipated discoveries only possible under

modern conditions, S0.


*/:*. < *o guide a party

Is of all tasks the hardest.<

:atiline, Evii. NSS.

*/:*I:8. < *is policy to pardon

*he foe that cannot hurt us, and an air

Of liberty >ill reconcile their minds

/nd make their trade Ht easy.< :cesar EiE. 10%.

*/IO4I. <In all ages have tailors disguised hu-

man nature.<

)ducation of a 'rince, EEEvi. 1N0.

*/IO4-?/D) )::)8I/8*I:8, Eiv. 1%Q.

*//4D, ?/487/, at ;lenheim, EEiii. #1.

*/?9D, *7), on the <prophesied< virgin birth of Mesus,

Eiii. N1.

*/?)4/), or *imour the *artar, born 1#5J, descended

from enghis (han, EEvi. %N$ conFuers 'ersia, India,

8yria, and put eight hundred thousand people of ;ag-

dad to death, %#$ he respected the la>s of nations$

marches against ;a&aLet, 1S01, >hom he defeats, but

makes his son 8ultan, %J$ died in 1S0Q$ tolerant to-

>ards religions, Ei. %%.

*/:4)D, (I, beheaded >hen dead, EEv. S1.

*/4I rates for 'apal ;ulls and /bsolutions, Eiii. 1#Q.

*/4*/498, tortured priests in, viii. 1J1.

*/4*9), the hypocrite in ?oliereBs play, Eiv. S#.

*/88O, viii. N55.

*/**OOI a fashion >hen :aesar invaded ;ritain, EEiv. 1Q.

oltaire IndeE NJ#

*/6 /*7)4)48 cursed in 7oly rit, E. 1JS$ taEes and

coins in the fourteenth century, EEvi. Q5.

*/6/*IO. <If he had loved me, he >ould not have

let three days pass >ithout >riting to me.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. K0.

*) D)9?, note, Eli. J5.

*)?'O4/4+ I4*9). <;ad men, ero, 'ope /leE-

ander I. and other monsters, have done gopd ac-

tions, being temporarily virtuous.< Eiv. 1Q5.

*)?')4. <?anners change >ith fortune.<

:aesar, EiE. 10N.

*)?'), 8I4 II/?, philosophical ambassador of )ng-

land at *he 7ague, engaged in negotiations to curb

the ambition of ouis 6I., EEii. 1##, N%#.

*)?'*/*IO. </y, ay, >e are all frail, >e tempt, and

are tempted.< anine, Eviii. 1SQ.

*)?'*)D 8/I*8.

< *hus in the path >hich to salvation

eads, devotees meet much temptation$

/nd >ith the devil oft contend

;efore they reach their &ourneyBs end.<

*he *emple of *aste, EEEvi. S5.

*)?'*)4, *7).

</las >hat human virtue never errs!

;ehold the tempter, 'olicy appears$

8mooth >as the melting Aattery of her tongue

/nd on her artful lips persuasion hung.<

*he 7enriade, EEEviii. Q#.

*)/*8 /* I.

< In this vile body is there aught so sacred

*hat the free spirit should not leave at >ill

Its homely mansion!<

/lLire, Evii. 5S.

*)*7 /D )))*7 :)*94I)8, religion and supersti-

tion in the, EEiv. N%0$ the ?anichaean heretics burned

alive for preaching >hat they did not understand, N%N $

the mystery of the 4eal 'resence, N%#.

<*)O), 8*O4+ O,< EEEvi. 1#Q.

NJS oltaire IndeE

*)4?//*. <hat a devil of a >oman t<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. N#.

*)44I;) DOO?. eak girls, >ho >illingly give ear

*hat the last dreadful day is gro>ing near.<


*)4*9I/, vii. 1NS.

*)6*, the puerile custom of preaching from a single, EEE.

%0.

*7/(8II D/+ prayers among the pagans and Me>s,

Eii. NK0.

*he <eneral 7istories,< EEiv.-EEE. C?anners and 8pirit

of ations.

<*his )ssay 3 3 3 is o@ered to the public Cin

the hope and belief that the >orld >ill progress in

kno>ledge and goodness. 7umanity dictated it, and

*ruth held the pen.< eneral 7istory, EEE. N50.

*7)/*4), it humaniLes us as no oratory can, Eiv. J1.

the rench and reek compared, EEEvii. 1#S$ the

)nglish stage, EEEiE. 1NN.

*7)/*4I:/ D):/?/*IO, Eiii. N11.

*7)I8*8, reasonableness of, vi. 1#J.

<*7))?/ /D ?/:/4)98, 8*O4+ O,< EEEvi. 1SQ.

*7)ODO4/, )mpress of the )ast in the ninth century, re-

stores image >orship, EEiv. 1%S.

*7)ODO4I: *7) 4)/*, d. 5NQ, v. 1%Q.

*7)ODO8I98, )?')4O4, #SQ-#%5, his penance for massacring

Hfteen thousand persons, EEiv. 155.

*7)ODO*98, saint and martyr, and the seven virgins, Ei.

NN1.

*7)OOI:/ /49?)*. <retch, think like

me, or else this moment die <

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. #N.

*7)OOI:/ 4)IIO, /, causes discord >here a 8tate

religion di@uses the spirit of toleration, Eiii. KJ.

virtues, faith, hope, charity$ but relief is no virtue, any

oltaire IndeE NJ5

more than hope or fear or love, if charity does not

act, Eiv. 1Q1.

*7)OOI:/ :O*4O)48+, :94) O4. <*he

sudden and immense fortunes made at that time, the

eEcess to >hich luEury and voluptuousness of every

kind >as carried, put a stop to all ecclesiastical dis-

putes. *hus pleasure and dissipation brought about

that >hich all the po>er and politics of ouis 6I.

could not e@ect.< Mansenism, EEi. 1J#.

*7)4/')9*/), *7), vii. 1#N.

*7I4*))*7 :)*94+, )urope in the, battle of ;ouvines,

EEv. Q1 $ >ars of the 'opes and (ings.

theological science in the, EEiE. NJ% $ arts and customs,

N%K.

*7I4*+ sects of :hristians in the Hrst century, vilifying

each other, Eiv. 105.

*7O?/8 /U9I/8 against conscience, vii. N#J$ on the

soul, Eiii. #1S.

*7O4, an eye disorder cured by kissing one of the thorns

from the cro>n of Mesus, EEi. 15N.

*7O4O97. <I never look upon things as done till

they are really so.<

8ocrates, Evi. NJQ.

*7O97* I) *O us ;+ OD, E. 10J, in.

*7O97*8 O *7) '/O4/?/ O 7I8*O4+, EEE. #05.

on the 'ublic /dministration, EEEvii. NNQ.

*74)) 4)/* )I8, idleness, vice, and >ant, can be kept

o@ by labor, i. N0Q.

*74)) 8O98 O /*IU9I*+, the senses, the breath, the

intelligence, Eiii. NQQ.

*74O). <irtue on a throne

Is sure the Hrst and fairest >ork of heaven.<

?erope, Ev. S5.

O OD.

< od >e should search for in ourselves alone $

If 7e eEists the human heartBs 7is throne.<

*he a> of ature, EEEvi. N#.

<*I?/)98,< *7), of 'lato$ its trinities, Eii. N0%.

NJQ oltaire IndeE

*I?)8)4)48.

< ong time thou >ert thy king and countryBs friend $

;ut in the days of public discord, fate

/ttached thee to another cause$ perhaps

e> interests no> may call for ne> connections.<

/melia, Evi. 10%.

*I?)+ I8). <*hey thought they loved one an-

other, and in t>o months they >ere parted.<

anine, Eviii. 1#J.

*I?) O4(8 OD)48. <e cannot give our

hearts a second time.< /lLire, Evii. S1.

*I?IDI*+.

 the consulBs prudence $ so he calls

7is co>ardice, >hich deeply ruminates

On future ills.< :atiline, Evii. NS1.

*I)8 /D *O4*94)8. <ove has t>o Fuivers,

one Hlled >ith darts tipped >ith the purest Aame,

>hich enhances our pleasures$ the other is full of

cruel arro>s, that >ound our hearts >ith Fuarrels,

&ealousy, coldness and indi@erence.<

anine, Eviii. %#.

*I*7) )6/:*IO, clerical parasites, viii. S0.

*I*)8, the more free a people are the fe>er titles and

ceremonies, vii. #Q.

of honor, signiHcance of, EEEvii. N0#.

*I*), 7)4)DI*/4+. <*itles are of no use to poster-

ityG the name of a man >ho has done great things

commands more respect than the most sounding

epithet.<

/ge of ouis 6I., EEii. N05.

*O/DI)8. </ cro>d of parasites, >ho lived upon my

bounty, complimented my Hne taste, my elegance, my

delicacy, borro>ed my money <

</y, poor devil, you did not hear them laughing at

you as they >ent a>ay, making a &oke of your foolish

generosity.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1K0.

*O/8*8, the custom of drinking them absurd, but a genial

absurdity, viii. 1QK.

oltaire IndeE NJJ

*oleration, / *reatise on. P*he famous protest against

the cruelties perpetrated in the name of religion, based

on the torture of Mean :alas and his family. 8ee i. NJ.R

acts of the case, iv. 11K$ conseFuences of the eEe-

cution of :alas, 1#S$ sketch of the 4eformation, 1#J$

>hether toleration is dangerous, 1S# $ 8ocrates and the

reeks, 1Q1 $ 4oman persecutions of :hristians, 1Q5 $

?artyrdoms and false legends, 1J#$ toleration among

the /postles and the Me>s, N0N$ the eEample set by

Mesus, N#5$ testimonies against persecution, NSQ$ in-

tolerance illustrated, NS%, N5N, N5J, NQ0. Is superstition

serviceable! NQS$ virtue better than learning, NQ%$ of

universal toleration, NJN$ an appeal to the Deity, NJJ.

8eFuel of the :alas case, NKQ.

- best >eakens sectarianism, E. S5$ it never >as a

clerical virtue, SJ. 8ee IO4/* '7IO8O'7)4$ I-

U9I8I*IO$ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+$ *O)4/*IO$

EEEviii. NS5, N5S, N5K, NQ0.

*O-?O44O. <7ope disappointed is the >orst of sor-

ro>s.< Orestes, Evii. 10N.

*OO /*).

< hen once a man is in the ground,

7e hears not fameBs loud trumpet sound.<

*o ?adame De EEEvi. NN#.

*OO*7)88 prophets never listened to >ith the respect due

to their character, Eiii. NQ.

*O4U9)?/D/ and the InFuisition, E. NN1. 8ee IU9I8I-

*IO.

*O94/?)*8, died out >ith chivalry, about 15Q0, EEvi.

#1N.

*O8, to>n franchises, states-general, fourteenth century,

EEvi. Q1.

*4/D)8, O4II O, EEEvi. 15S$ they Aourished under

Uueen )liLabeth, EEviii. N0.

*4/D) /D '4O4)88.

< *he treasures of the earth and main,

ith all the creatures they contain,

NJK oltaire IndeE

*hese, luEury and pleasures raise,

*his iron age brings happy days.<

*he orldling, EEEvi. KS.

*4/)D+, /ncient and ?odern. 8ee EiE. '4)/:)8 $ 7/?-

)*$ EEEvii. 115$ EEEiE. SS.

*4/)D+ O ;4O() 7)/4*8 and shattered lives through

monkish vo>s in early youth, Eiv. 1K1.

*4/)D+ /D :O?)D+, EEEiE. 1NN-1JS. EiE. N#5.

*4/8/*IO8, 4):7, of the atin poets inadeFuate,

)ssays, EEEvii. 10J.

*4/8*/?/4), 7)4+ D), defeats Don 'edro, and commits

suicide, EEvi. 10.

<*4/)8 O 8:/4?)*/DO, *7).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

*4)/:7)4O98 ?)?O4+. <alsehood in memoryBs

temple makes abode.<

*o the /cademy of 8ciences, EEEvi. NQ0.

*4)/8O. <*reason is horrible in every shape.<

;rutus, Ev. NJQ.

*4)*, :O9:I O, 1550, ho> convoked, EEi. Q%$ ti@ be-

t>een 'ope 'aul III. and )mperor :harles ., J0$

four years release from purgatory for all in the city,

J0 $ some of the Fuestions discussed, JS $ murder of the

'opeBs bastard son, J5 $ )mperor :harles proposes a

union bet>een :atholics and 'rotestants, JQ$ death of

'ope 'aul, and election of Mulius III., JK$ transub-

stantiation, J%$ more a>k>ard murders, K0$ the :oun-

cil is forgotten for ten years, but revived in 15Q0,

amid military and ecclesiastical display, K1 $ disputes

bet>een ambassadors for precedence, 15QN and 15Q#,

KN$ the rench government accepts a large bribe from

the 'ope, on condition that the 7uguenots are driven

from rance, KS$ Fuarrels about cups and drinking,

K5 $ the :ouncil tries to limit the control of the civil

po>er over the church $ anathemas are hurled at those

>ho do not >orship relics and deny the doctrine of

purgatory. *he :ouncil ends after eEtending its

sittings over t>enty-one years, including interruptions,

%0.

oltaire IndeE NJ%

*4I/ ;+ O4D)/, the earthFuake entombment of (orah

in his competition >ith /aron, t>o hundred and Hfty

of his follo>ers killed by lightning, and fourteen

thousand seven hundred adherents other>ise destroyed,

Eii. in$ /aronBs rod budded$ other ;ible lotteries,

11N$ s>allo>ing and handling Hre no> a stage per-

formance, 11#.

*4I??)48. < *hose

ho change >ith ease are either >eak or >icked.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1J%.

*4II*+, *7)$ the arithmetic of the /thanasian creed, vi.

N0.

<*4I8*4/? 87/D+< Fuoted and praised, vii. N#K.

*4II/I*+. <e gild and varnish cabinets, yet neg-

lect true architecture $ in short, real merit is over-

looked in almost every art and science, in favor of

agreeable triAes.< )ssays, EEEvii. 1N#.

*49+ OOD, *7).

< ho >ith his >heedling cant caressed him bland,

ith air devout, and godly sFueeLe of hand.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. QK.

*49?'8.

< *hese are your claims, and I ackno>ledge them $

;ut I have one thatBs >orth them all G I love her.<

8emirantis, Evii. 1QK.

*49*7 :O?')8 /4))?)*, error prolongs sectarianism,

Eiii. 1K5.

*49*7-8))(I.

< et truth be sought, but let all passion yield $

DiscussionBs right, but disputationBs >rong.<

On Disputation, viii. 1#S.

*8/4, the 4ussian >ord >e mis-spell :Lar, EEiv. N50.

*94)), ?/487/, EEii. SN, Q5, K5$ glorious campaign

and death of, 1J5$ EEEviii. 11K$ note, El. 11J.

*94(8, *7), their conFuests, virtues, vices, and modera-

tion in government$ the delusion that the 8ultan is

despotic. 8ee /?94/*7 $ ?/7O?)* II, and EEvi. 1NN $

NK0 oltaire IndeE

their religion austere and >orthy of respect, Eiv. m$

tribute to their honor in >ar, EE. NNQ.

*94(I87 O?), erroneous notions of their sub&ection,

Eiv. NQ1.

*94 O *7) *ID).

< e must yield submissive to our fate

If eBer >e hope to change it.<

Orestes, Evii. JJ.

*>o :O?O4*)48, *7). 8ee 4O?/:)8.

divinities, >orthy to be loved for themselves, od,

and irtue, Eiv. 1Q#.

*O *O O). <7e >ill make you an eEcellent hus-

bandG is not this better than a convent!<

anine, Eviii. 1N1.

*+4/* O). < ove claims his o>n,

/nd >ill be heard in spite of all$

7is orders are not doubtful or obscure.<

8emiramis, Evii. 1%J.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.



O. 6I. :O*I9)D.

*/;O4 *+4/*.

*/;O4, a lo> hill spoken of as a mountain, Eiv. SN.

*/I8?/, a charm or phylactery, a time-honored super-

stition >hich Aourishes as universally to-day as ever,

S#-

*/4*9), ?oliereBs hypocrite, S#.

*/8*), not simply seeing and kno>ing a thing, but feel-

ing and being a@ected by it, SS$ an intellectual Fual-

ity that can be cultivated, S5 $ the best taste is to imi-

tate nature faithfully, >ith energy and grace, SK$ taste

is formed gradually, 51 $ di@erence bet>een national

standards of taste, 5#$ true taste Fuickly recogniLes

beauty amidst defects and defects amidst beauties, 5S$

rarity of people >ith good taste, 5Q$ ouis 6I. >as

born >ith it, 5J$ the gifted minority ultimately cor-

rect the mis &udgments of the shallo>er ma&ority, 5K.

oltaire IndeE NK1



*/94O;OI9?, the sacriHce of eEpiation, 5K.

*/6. ee. *he church gave nothing for nothing, 5%$

sold all its heavenly privileges according to siLe of the

fee$ prices for absolution under 'ope eo. 6., Q0$

siE drachmas for rape, Hve for parricide, etc., Q1 $ slid-

ing scale for other o@enses, QN$ enten fasting voided

by payment of the church fee, QS $ Hrst night marriage

rights taEed by priests and lords, Q5$ church secures

its share of every legacy, QJ$ curious price list of

church sanctions, QK.

*)/48, the silent language of grief, Q%$ our eyes a demon-

stration of an omnipotent creative po>er, J0$ the true

merit of the theatre is that it restores to us our un-

sophisticated nature, J1.

*)4)/8, or 'terlaus, the man >hose immortality >as in

a lock of his hair, >hich he feared to comb $ ho> it >as

cut o@, and >hat happened, JN$ the 8amson myth, J#.

*)8*)8, ecclesiastical rulings on, JS$ ?osaical discrimina-

tion in selecting priests$ virility an essential, JJ.

*7)I8?, a religion di@used through all religions, J%$ true

that a little philosophy makes a man an atheist and

much philosophy leads to the kno>ledge of a od,

J%$ theism is good sense not yet instructed by revela-

tion, and other religions are good sense perverted by

superstition, K0 $ it never persecutes, K1.

*7)I8*, is Hrmly persuaded of the eEistence of a 8upreme

;eing, eFually good and po>erful, but does not pre-

sume to kno> ho> 7e acts, KN$ to do good is his

>orship $ to submit to od is his doctrine, K#.

*7)O:4/:+, in Mapan, )gypt, 'ersia, 'hoenicia, and over

the Me>s, K# $ the Me>ish republic anarchical, KQ $ the

'apacy truly theocratical, KK.

*7)ODO8I98, #SQ-#%5, the pious persecuting emperor, KK$

his sentence of death by torture of those >ho peti-

tioned for lighter taEation, K%$ the truth about this

royal <8aint,< %0$ the >orld revolves under necessity,

insurmountable fatalism, %N.

*7)OOI/, he kno>s all about the unkno>able, %N$

NKN oltaire IndeE

>hich, >ith >ealth or the art of push, lands him in the

seat of a :ardinal or 'ope, %# $ a certain true theo-

logian had learned so much that he ended life mis-

trusting all he had learned, %S.

*79D)4, merely a great electrical phenomenon, %Q$

ranklin forces it to descend tranFuilly on the earth,

%Q$ dicult for rench poets to thunder in rhyme, %Q$

4ichmann killed by his o>n thunderbolt, %%.

*O)4/*IO, the Hrst la> of nature $ >e do not cut each

otherBs throats as merchants >hen >e meet in the

market$ >hy then over religion! 100$ :hristians

sought to dominate the state, hence their persecution,

101 $ they >ere at enmity among themselves on every

point of their o>n doctrine, and persecuted each

other, 101 $ the ancient Me>s more tolerant than the

:hristians, 10N $ :hristian fanaticism brought 8t.

;artholome>Bs day, <and this corner of the >orld has

been >orse than all that the ancients and moderns

have ever said of hell,< 10# $ if you have t>o religions,

they >ill massacre each other$ if you have thirty they

>ill live in peace, 10#$ Mesus >rote not a line, 10S$

>hy do men >ho in private are tolerant, sho> the

bitterest intolerance in public! 10Q$ the interest of



those >ho are in po>er is to keep do>n those under

them, 10Q$ Uuakers most resemble the Hrst :hristians

in doctrine and practice, 10J $ >herein :hristians di@er

in practice from Mesus, 10K $ liberty of conscience es-

tablished in /merica, no$ the religion of the *urks

is most respect>orthy and very austere, in.

*O'7)*. Meremiah denounced the custom of casting Me>ish

children into the Aames inside the idol ?oloch, but

>as stoned to death, 11S$ the valley of *ophet outside

Merusalem, >here the t>o cruciHed thieves >ere cast

>ith the cityBs refuse, 11S.

*O4*94), origin of the InFuisition, 115$ eEtortion of testi-

mony by torture, 11Q$ the Me>s never practiced it,

11Q$ the terrible tortures inAicted on the :hevalier de

;arre for singing impious songs, 11K.

oltaire IndeE NK#

*4/ 89;8*/*I/*IO, the 'rotestant ob&ections to this

doctrine, 11%$ makers of >afer gods, 1N0.

*4II*+, origin of the three- fold conception, 1N0$ 'latoBs

three divine essences, 1N1 $ early :hristianity saturated

>ith mysticism and meaningless deHnitions of the

logos, 1NN$ diculties about the <three >itnesses<

in the Hrst epistle of 8t. Mohn, 1N5$ various eEpert

attempts to eEplain the trinity, 1NQ$ Mohn :alvinBs

method of burning his eEplanation into poor 8ervetus,

1N%.

*49*7. 'ity that 'ilate did not >ait to learn >hat *ruth

is, 1#0$ by rigorous study of mathematics and logic

he might have become a truly learned and perfectly

honest man, 1#N$ historical truths less reliable the

closer they are eEamined, 1#N$ uncertainty of verbal

testimony, 1##.

*+4/+. / single tyrant less ob&ectionable than the

tyranny of many, 1#S.

*+4/*. :rom>ell an eEample, a usurper and a violent,

un&ust ruler, 1#5$ :harles I. not a tyrant, but very

unfortunate$ 7enry III., )liLabeth, 4ichard III.,

'ope /leEander I., :onstantine, >ere more or less

tyrants$ some >ere punished, the others escaped$

)mperor *heodosius, venerated by the church, mur-

dered Hfteen thousand 4oman citiLens in the circus,

>ith their families $ the most abominable of hypocritical

tyrants, 1#Q.

C)nd of 'hilosophical Dictionary.ell be dead as not

be loved.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. N0#.

9D):)I)D. < *he soft persuasive arts

*hat call our passions forth, the Aattering hope

*hatBs given but to betray,

o longer shall seduce my easy faith,

*he eye of reason hath detected them.<

/melia, Evi. 1N1.

NKS oltaire IndeE

9D)4I8. <ho kno>s not ho> to conFuer, must

obey.< :cesar, EiE. 10J.

9I*/4I/8, *7), EEEiE. N1%$ 9nitarianism and 8ocinus,

vi. NK.

9I*)D '4OI:)8 O *7) )*7)4/D8, their gallant

stand against 8pain, EEvii. NKJ.

9I*+. < o> let us unite, my friends,

ever let Fuarrels, &ealousies, and strife

Divide us.< :atiline, Evii. NK0.

9I)48/ :/98), *7), Ei. 1%#$ Eii. 1%N. 8ee OD.

:7/I, *7), od $ creation $ necessity. ote to the

isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. n.

/. <*hat od >hose la>s unkno>ing I revere.<

Taire, EiE. 55.

9I)48I*I)8 of ;ologna, 'aris, and OEford, founded in

the thirteenth century, EEv. NQ1.

9(O/;), *7).

< Dispute not $ the designs of heaven

*o mortal insight never can be given.

hat is the kno>ledge of this >orld >orth kno>ing !

hat, but a bubble scarcely >orth the blo>ing!

BUuite full of errors >as the >orld before$B

*hen, to preach reason is but one error more.<

On Disputation, viii. 1N%.

94)8*. <4epose the guilty mind can neBer en&oy it.<

Orestes, Evii. K#.

98O'7I8*I:/*)D. <*his ne>s>riter told the truth,

and >as in the right of it.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. SQ.

98*/;). < O I love >ith transport

/nd hate >ith fury, ever in eEtreme$

It is the native >eakness of my soul

hich much I strive to conFuer but in vain.

;rutus, Ev. N5S.

9'')4 :)4(, *o / :)4*/I, on freedom in literature,

EEEvii. K0.

94I/7, athan, /doni&ah, David, their interesting cases,

oltaire IndeE NK5

98/). <:ustom hath made restraint familiar to me.<

Taire, EiE. NS.

98) /D /;98).

< od gives to man, at once severe and kind,

'assions to raise to noble deeds the mind,

*heyBre dangerous gifts, although Bt>as 7eaven

that gave$

*he abuse destroys, the prudent use can save.<

*he ature of 'leasure, EEEvi. NSS.

9894+, ?O4/. <*o spend money in doing good is

putting it out to the best interest.<

9*II*+ O 7) *O *7) :794:7, E. #1 $ and of all super-

stitions, Eiv. 1%.

9*II*+ O *4/DI*IO8.

< *heir sacred la>s, for sacred they esteem

*he musty rolls, >hich superstition taught

*heir ancestors to >orship. ;e it so,

*he error may be useful, it employs

*he people, and may make them more obedient.<

Orphan of :hina, Ev. N00.

9*4):7*, *7) ')/:) O, EEEiii. N0.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+

O. 6I. :O*I9)D.

9I)48I*+ 98/)8.

9I)48I*+. Origin of universities, 1#K$ the 'opes became

masters of public instruction, 1#% $ from the fourteenth

century a doctor, on receiving his cap, had to s>ear

he >ould maintain the immaculate conception of the

irgin ?ary, 1S1.

98/)8. :ontemptible customs do not al>ays imply a con-

temptible nation, 1S1$ each religion has its peculiar

ceremonies and symbols, >hich look ridiculous to those

>ho do not kno> ho> they originated, 1SN.


NKQ oltaire IndeE

/4/* )99:7 '4I)8*8, their utility, Eiv. N%.

//, /;;O* O :O4;I), his plain talk to an emperor, EEiv.

1S%.

/IDI*+ O O4DI/*IO. ;ishop avardin told his priests

that in ordaining them he entertained no intention of

conferring any sacraments, Eii. 11Q.

/I)4), D9:7)88 D), note, Eli. 10J.

/ D/) //I8* *7) D)I, Eii. %#.

/I*+.

< rom vanity, all men agree

'reachers and bards are seldom free.<

*o ?me. De ondoin, EEEvi. NN%.

<I never mistake vanity for honor and glory.<

anine, Eviii. %Q.

/8:O D/ /? / doubled the :ape of ood 7ope, 1S5J,

EEvii. 1Q%.

/9;/, builder of fortiHcations, EEii. 1J0.

))*/4I/I8? championed by ;rahmins, 7indoos and the

pagan philosophers, 'ythagoras, 'lotinus, Mamblicus,

and 'orphyry, Eiv. 15%.

)DO?), D9() O, death of, EEiii. 50, %J.

))/:) on the bones of :rom>ell by the 4oyalists,

EEiE. K.

)I:) the only Italian state that preserved its liberty,

having the best government in )urope, EEv. NJ1 $ EEvi.

1%0$ EEiE. 50.

)98B8 +-*4/', a plant or animal, Eii. N#N.

)4DI:* O *I?). <On posterity

I shall rely$ let us perform our duty

/nd leave the rest to heaven.<

:atiline, Evii. NS0.

)44O /?I+, eEamination of the case of the, >ith

criticisms upon the administration of the la>, Ei. #1.

8ee *O)4/*IO, M98*I:).

)8/I98, /D4)/8, 151N, anatomist, EEvii. N5J.

oltaire IndeE NKJ

I/ ?)DI/. </ll eEcess is guilty.< /lsire, Evii. SS.

I:/4IO98 O+. ho

makes himself miserable by the follies of others.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. N#5.

I:), / I8). <7e is covetous, and every covetous

man is >ise, it is an eEcellent vice for a husband.<

*he 'rodigal, EiE. 1SQ.

<ice is be>itching, temptations freFuent, and eE-

ample dangerous.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N00.

I:)8. <ices are tyrants of the human mind.<

)nvy, EEEvi. 1K#.

I/II)8 of 'ope /leEander I. and :esare ;orgia,

EEvi. N1Q.

I/48, ?/487/ D), EEiii. N1 $ his valor and unpopularity,

NN, #%$ defeated at ?alplaFuet, JK$ victorious at

Denain, %S$ ends the >ar, 10S, EEEviii. in.

I)4OI, ?/487/, EEiii. K$ captured by 'rince )ugene,

10, NK, S0$ at 4amillies, SQ.

I4I, viii. N5N $ ucan, N5S.

I4I ;I4*78, iE. 15#.

tributes to feudal lords, viii. #J.

I4I8, *7) 8)), Ei. NN1 $ the eleven thousand mar-

tyred virgins buried at :ologne, EEEviii. N5%.

I4II*+ 4)U9I4)D in those >ho serve the altar, Eiv. JJ.

<I4*9) bet>een men is a commerce of good actions.

7e >ho has no part in this commerce must not be

reckoned.< Eiv. 1QS.

< ragile is man, and >oman, too, my friend,

herefore take heed, on virtue donBt depend$

*he vase, though fair, is only formed of clay,

B*is easy broken$ mend it, true, you may.<

a 'ucelle, Eli. N1#.

I8IO O ;O)8, trophies of centuries of slaughter by the

faithful of the faithful and their betters, Eiii. Q5.

II/I, geometrician, EEiii. 150.

OI*94), his variable taste in verse, Eiv. S%$ his poetry

compared >ith that of aller, 1%1 $ his best >ork is

over->rought, NNK.



NKK oltaire IndeE

O*/I4), 4/:OI8 ?/4I) /4O9)* D).

;orn ovember N1, 1Q%S$ died ?ay #0, 1JJK, i. 15$

imprisoned in the ;astile, 1J1J, >here he >rote *he

7enriade, 1Q$ pensioned by the 4egent, 1Q$ visit to

)ngland, 1Q$ protests against the refusal of :hristian

burial in the case of /drienne ecouvreur, 1Q$ begins

a 'ucelle, 1J$ Taire produced, 1J##, 1J$ secures con-

tract for army supplies, 1J.

?arFuise du :hatelet, commencement of friendly

relations >ith, 1J#S, 1K $ and >ith rederick the reat,

1J#Q, 1K, >ho became (ing of 'russia in 1JS0, 1%$

?ahomet produced, 1JSN, 1%$ appointed 7istori-

ographer of rance, 1JS5, N0$ gains the 'opeBs friend-

ship and is elected to the /cademy, 1JSQ, N0.

O@ends ?adame de 'ompadour and is eEiled from

rance, 1JSJ, N1 $ death of ?adame du :hatelet, 1JS%,

N1 $ residence in 'aris, producing ne> plays in his

private theatre, 1JS%, N1 $ visit to rederick the reat

at 8ans 8ouci, 1J50, NN $ published *he /ge of ouis

6I., and cooperated in the <)ncyclopaedia,< 1J51, N# $

the satire on ?aupertuis, 1J5N, N# $ Fuarrel >ith the

(ing and departure from 'russia, 1J5#, N# $ arrested at

rankfort by the (ingBs order, NS$ makes his home

in eneva, naming it <es Delices< 1J55, NS.

Impressive poem on <*he isbon )arthFuake,< 1J5Q,

N5$ a 'ucelle o@ends the clergy of eneva, hence

removal to ausanne, N5$ builds private theatre at

erney, N5$ >rote the ife of 'eter the reat at re-

Fuest of )liLabeth, )mpress of 4ussia, 1J5K, NQ$ splen-

dor and prosperity of his estate, NQ.

7is <atural 4eligion< publicly burnt by the com-

mon hangman in 'aris, 1J5%, NJ$ rumored death moved

Oliver oldsmith to >rite his eulogy of oltaire Psee

#NR, 1JQ0, NJ.

*he :alas atrocity denounced in <*oleration,< 1JQ1

Psee vol. iv.R, NJ$ his heroic, persistent and triumphant

e@orts, during three years, result in the vindication of

the in&ured and restoration of their property, 1JQ5, NK$

oltaire IndeE NK%

compels &ustice to be done in the 8irven case, 1JQ#-

1JJN, NK$ asserts his rights as a churchman, 1JQK, NK.

*urns the erney theatre into a >atch-making fac-

tory, and established looms for silk stocking >eaving,

1JJ0, N%$ the erney products eagerly bought in the

>orldBs best markets, N%$ <*he Innkeeper of )urope<

invaded by distinguished visitors of every nationality

and creed, N%.

?akes another theatre at erney, and adopts <;elle-

et-;onne,< 1JJQ, #0$ his immense business enterprises

and income, 1JJJ$ physical and intellectual activity

at eighty-three, #0.

ast visit to 'aris, after t>enty-eight yearsB eEile,

1JJWZ #$ his royal reception by all ranks$ his inter-

course >ith ;en&amin ranklin $ causes a medal to be

struck in honor of ashington, #1 $ rehearses ne>

play, Irene$ splendid ovation in the theatre, #1.

Death, ?ay #0, 1JJK, and burial, Mune I $ eulogium

delivered by rederick the reat, and special services

in ;erlin, #1 $ purchase of oltaireBs library by :ath-

erine II. of 4ussia, #N$ grand public act of veneration

on the transference of oltaireBs remains from the

church of the 4omilli, >here they had reposed for

thirteen years, to the 'antheon of rance, Muly 10,

1J%1, #N.

O*/I4), *4I;9*)8 *O, Oliver oldsmith on, <:itiLen

of the orld,< i. #N.

ife 'urpose of, i. #%.

ictor 7ugoBs oration at the oltaire centenary, i. SS.

:haracteristics. 7is Hrst letter in )nglish, EEEviii.

N11.

etter to a professor of history on the true method

of >riting it, EEEvii. NK0.

his chemical eEperiments, EEEviii. 1%Q.

on the making and keeping up of good roads, Eiii. 1SK.

his address on his reception into the rench /cademy,

EEEvii. 5.

his delight >ith rederick the reat, EEEviii. NN1.

N%0 oltaire IndeE

comments and criticisms upon dramas, and the stage,

ancient and modern vie>s upon the <:)dipus< of

8ophocles, gallantry in tragedy, </thalie,< </masis,<

</thenais,< the <)lectra< of ongpierre, and the de-

generacy of the stage, EiE. NS1.

the tragedy of :atiline, vie>s upon :aesar, :icero,

;en MonsonBs translation of *ully, EiE. N55.

etter from the Mesuit *ournemine on the tragedy of

?erope, EiE. NQ5.

'reface to *he 'rodigal, EiE. NQ%.

'reface to anine, on tragedy and comedy, EiE. NJ5.

'reface to 8ocrates$ remarks on /ddison, *homson,

8teele, EiE. NK#.

'reface to ?ahomet, note by Hrst editor, EiE. NKJ.

'reface to :esar, a letter from 8ig. /lgarotti $ crit-

icisms on the play, EiE. N%#.

O*/I4), 8)-'O4*4/+)D.

< I have taken particular care not to depart from that

simplicity so strongly recommended by the reeks

and so dicult to attain the true mark of genius and

invention.< Orestes, Evii. QQ.

hich al>ays animated my

heart, and >hich I >ill presume to say is my distin-

guishing characteristic.<

etter to rederick the reat, EEEviii. 1Q5.

as inspired 3 3 3 by the love of mankind

and the hatred of fanaticism.<

etter to rederick the reat, Evi. Q.

< ate ordained that I should >rite.<

*o a ady, EEEvi. 1K0.

n heart alone, >hich has

al>ays guided me, inspired every >ord, and directed

every action.<

'reface to the Orphan of :hina, Ev. 1J5.

< /ll I can boast of is that the piece is tolerably sim-

oltaire IndeE N%1

pie$ a perfection, in my opinion, that is not to be

despised.< 'reface to Taire, EiE. Q.

< 4eaders should al>ays distinguish bet>een the ob-

&ections >hich an author proposes to himself and his

ans>ers to those ob&ections, and should not mistake

>hat he refutes for >hat he adopts.<

'reface to isbon )arthFuake, EEEvi. J.

< 're&udice >ill never allo> t>o species of eEcellence

to one man.< 'reface to :atiline, EiE. N5%.

O*/I4), 7I8 4))4):) O4 *7) DII).

< I say there is but one od, in his nature inHnite,

nor can any being partake of this inHnity 3 3 3

all nature speaks one od and one father.<

8ocrates, Evi. #0S.

< It is an insult on the divinity to conceive that he

could possibly, in any manner >hatsoever, commit

>ith >oman the crime >e call adultery.<

8ocrates, Evi. #05.

< ;e careful above all not to turn religion into meta-

physics$ its essence is morality$ dispute not, but

>orship.< 8ocrates, Evi. #0S.

8ee E. 10%.

O6 'O'9I.

<ith fears de&ected, or inAamed >ith hope,

8till in eEtremes, the giddy multitude

*umultous rove and only interest binds them.<

?erope, Ev. S1.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+

O. 6I. :O*I9)D.

/ ? 'I4)8 O+/).

/?'I4)8, corpses >ho >ent out of their graves at night

to suck the blood of the living, causing consumption,

1S# $ these Aourished in middle )urope $ the only

vampires in 'aris and ondon have been stock-brokers

and traders >ho suck the blood of the people in broad

N%N oltaire IndeE

daylight, 1SS$ &udicial trials and eEecution of verit-

able vampires in the eighteenth century, 1SQ$ the

superstitious belief in miraculous restorations to life,



1SJ- B

))*4I, the birthplace of )mperor /ugustus, >ho >as

ordained a god >hile living, 1S%$ reigned forty years

and there >ere t>elve conspiracies against him, 151.

)/I*+, the superstition that ocial corruption is useful

and cannot be stopped, 15N$ a strong >ill and a strong

arm can stop it at any time$ if 'eter the reat had

not >illed strongly, 4ussia >ould still be barbarous,

15#-

)I:), its self-acFuired liberty, 15#$ >hich she preserved

for eleven centuries, 155$ the charter of independence

that is >orth anything must be >on by the s>ord and

maintained by force, 155.

)48). It is dicult to be a poet but very easy to decry

them in prose, 15Q$ there never eEisted an eloFuent

man >ho did not love poetry, 15Q.

I/D8. Importance of in religions$ early :hristians ate

forbidden pagan meats, 15J$ 8t. 'eterBs heaven-sent



$ast, >ith permission to gorge, 15K$ ;rahmins ob&ect

o eat their relations, >hose souls may have occupied

the butcher-meats, 15K.

I4*9). ;rutus rashly >rong >hen he called it a phan-

tom, 1Q0$ the four cardinal virtues, fortitude, pru-

dence, temperance, &ustice$ the three theological vir-

tues, faith, hope, and charity, 1Q1 $ the former are

incomplete >ithout beneHcence, >hich, combined >ith

&ustice, comprises all the virtues$ the rest are but

useful Fualities, 1Q# $ monsters such as ero and 'ope

/leEander I. did occasional good acts, being virtu-

ous at the time, 1Q5.

I8IO8, beatiHc, 1Q5 $ their utility in gaining money for

the church, 1QQ$ the ghost of ?adame 8t. ?emin

came back to announce that she >as in hell because

her husband had been mean in the payment of church

burial fees, 1QJ$ later she reappeared, stating she >as

oltaire IndeE N%#



then in purgatory, but the monks to >hom she ap-

peared >ere sentenced to death for attempted eEtor-

tion, Eiv. 1QJ.

I8IO O :O8*/*I). o pagan >riter kno>s any-

thing of the sign of the cross in the sky, 1J0$ three

early :hristian >riters, 'ophyrius, actantius, and

)usebius, the historian, are silent on this prodigy, 1J1 $

though the latter, years after>ards, mentions :on-

stantineBs story, 1JN$ various versions of the tradition

and the language of the inscription, 1J5$ :onstantino

>as not al>ays victorious after the vision, 1JQ$ )use-

bius, in his life of the emperor, does not support the

story by the evidence of a single ocer or private in

the army, though everyone sa> the miraculous sign,

1JJ-

o>s. *o make a vo> for life is to make oneself a

slave, 1K0 $ un>isdom of pledging oneself at Hfteen that

nothing shall alter our then convictions or purpose,

1K0$ tragical story of a young couple, forced to enter

monastery and convent, >ith the incredible tortures

inAicted on the young lover after he had escaped, only

to learn of the girlBs death from grief, as related by



him to oltaire, 1K1.

O+/) O 8*. ')*)4 *O 4O?). Of little importance

>hether he >ent there or not, so long as 'opes hold

possession, 1KS$ 8t. Mames, the brother of Mesus,

founded the church of Merusalem and >as called the

Hrst of all the bishops, 1K5$ the Hrst church raised at

4ome >as that of 8t. Mohn, >hich disposes of the

episcopal claims of 8t. 'eter, 1K5 $ various reasons for

discrediting the tradition that he >as ever in 4ome,

1KQ$ but modern 'opes Hnd his episcopal throne a

much more comfortable seat than he and his succes-

sors ever en&oyed, 1%0.


^%S oltaire IndeE

/)4, strange fate of the consecrated, viii. NJJ.

gods and their makers, Eiv. 1N0.

poisoning, note, Eli. JQ.

/'O), 8I4 4O;)4*, blamed for )nglandBs neutrality in

the ar of 1JS1, EEEiii. JJ.

/4, the la>s of, killing the >rong men, Ei. %J.

<ar of 1JS1, *he,< EEEiii.

8tate of )urope prior to the >ar, 5$ death of

:harles I., #J $ the )lector of ;avaria made )mperor,

SJ$ his misfortunes, Q#$ )urope during the >ar, %S$

battle of Dettingen, 1NS$ troubles of :harles II., 1SN$

the 'rince of :onti forces the passage of the /lps,

1Q1 $ ouis 6. victorious in landers, 1QJ $ 'rince of

:onti >ins in Italy, 1KS$ the siege of reiburg, 1%S$

the (ing of 'oland &oins ?aria *heresa, 1%K$ death of

:harles II., N0S $ siege of *ournay, battle of onte-

noy, N1%.

bet>een )ngland and rance, 1J5Q, EEE. 1KQ, N0S.

the, in ermany, 1JS1, EEE. 1KK.

/48 O *7) 'O')8 /D )?')4O48, 105Q-11%0, EEv. 1-K#.

< /re >ars and slaughter

*he harbingers of >isdom and of peace!<

?ahomet, Evi. S0.

/4/4), ID)/.

< *o save a city I could never see

*hat there >as magic in virginity.< El. SQ.

/4;94*O, ;I87O', sho>ed that Mudaism had no belief

in a future state, Eiii. J#.

/4I:( *7) (I-?/()4. 8ee ?/4/4)* O /MO9.

/*)4-?/D) I), Ei. N%1.

/+ O *7) O4D. <*he fe> 3 3 3 Care out-

spoken in their approval of the true and good, the

rest of the >orld >ithhold their approbation for a

time, but >ill come in at last, >hen the rage of party

oltaire IndeE N%5

is over, the in&ustice of persecution at an end, and the

clouds of ignorance dispersed.<

'reface to Orestes, Evii. QJ.

<) ?98* :9*I/*) O94 /4D),< though this is the best

of all possible >orlds, i. N0J, NS0.

)/(, *7). <One should never tell people of their

danger till it is past.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. 5Q.

)/( :O98)8.

< *rue courage lies in kno>ing ho> to su@er.

/nd not in stirring up rebellious cro>ds

/gainst their sovereign.< ?ariamne, Evi. NQN.

)/()88. <*he >eak deceive, the po>erful com-

mand.< ?ahomet, Evi. SN.

)/*7. <*he love of money destroys more families

than it supports.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 1JS.

)/'O8 O /4 in the fourteenth century, EEv. NKK, #1S.

)/*7)4/)8. <hat a heap of fulsome compli-

ments, false oaths, &oyous >elcomes, have I received

from this >hole city but no sooner >ere they ac-

Fuainted >ith my distress than every soul forsook

me.< *he 'rude, Eviii. 1QQ.

)DO:(.

< *hou bidst /lLire give her hand to uLman,

/nd at the altar promise him a heart

hich is not hers to give.< /lLire, Evii. 1S.

)87, DI8:O948) /DD4)88)D *O *7) P/ctually to the

renchR, ridiculing their national vanity, EEEvii. K%.

)8*'7/I/, *7) ')/:) O, 1QSK, end of the dispute be-

t>een emperors and the princes of the )mpire, >hich

had lasted seven centuries, EEviii. NSJ.

7I8 /D *O4I)8, rise of, in )ngland, 'resbyterians

and )piscopals, EEiii. %1.

7I8*I O4 I)8, *7) O4D, Eiii. N0.

<7I*) ;9, *7).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

<7I*), *7) ;/:( /D *7).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

I:()D)88, is it born in us! Ei. 1K1.

I), *7) ID)/. </ >oman indeed, a >oman sub-

N%Q oltaire IndeE

mitting to every duty of life, a >oman >ho for me

has renounced the >hole >orld, >ho to her faithful

passion &oins the most scrupulous virtue.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1%N.

I)7OOD. <It is a >ifeBs duty to make herself as

amiable as possible, to be discreet and prudent, a@-

able and agreeable, but as for love, it is Fuite another

thing$ my husband must deserve my heart before he

can possess it.< *he 'rodigal, EiE. 15N.

II/? *7) :OU9)4O4, note, Eli. 1NS.

II/? III. O )/D, battle of the ;oyne, EEii. N##$

character, N%S.

I8, not legal unless a priest shared in the making,

Eiv. #N.

I) I )D).

< )ve, Hrst formed by the hand divine,

ever so much as tasted >ine.<

*he orldling, EEEvi. K5.

I8DO?. n I dread the 8enate.<


much needed by poets, but fe> are so endo>ed,

Eii. N1K$ nc ob&ection to poets killing themselves,

but all are not >ise, NN0.

I8)+ /D *I?)+. <*he man that drinks is

never melancholy.< *he 'rude, Eviii. N5%.

I8) ?). <ho consider they have fulHlled every

duty >hen they >orship od, assist man, cultivate

friendships, and study philosophy.<

8ocrates, Evi. NJ#.

- Cor >ere they only kings >ho came from the )ast

out of place in serious >riting, EEEvii. Q# $ >it

games, note, Eli. N51.

I)8, ;OO(8, O4 4)/D+ ?O)+, >hich >as 8olomon most

famous for possessing! Eiii. N#K.

O). <oe to the vanFuished ;lessed be the vic-

torious < *his is the motto of mankind, Eiv. KK.

OO8*O, *7O?/8, of :ambridge 9niversity, a :hris-

tian disbeliever in miracles, Ei. NKK.

O?/. <7o> little po>er has >oman oBer her heart 1<

Olympia, Ev. 15K.

/ >oman that nourishes t>o children and spins is

more useful to the state than all the convents in the

>orld, EEEvii. NN%.

O?/+ 4)/*)88. <8he is a miracle of virtue,

misfortune and intrepidity.<

*he 8cotch oman, Eviii. #N.

O?/+ I9):). </ >oman of sense and

beauty, >ho has nothing triAing or ridiculous in her,

is an eEcellent school for a young fello> at your time

of life$ it >ill form your mind and direct your heart.<

*he 'rude, Eviii. 1%#.

O?/B8 8'7)4). <7eaven made >oman to soften

our a[ictions, s>eeten our bad humors, soothe our

passions, and make us better and happier beings.<

anine, Eviii. %S.

O?), championed, Ei. QJ$ absurdity of the 8alic la>,

QK$ great >omen enthroned, Uueen /nne of )ngland,

>ho humbled ouis 6I. $ )mpress-Uueen ?aria

N%K oltaire IndeE

*heresa of 7ungary $ )liLabeth of )ngland $ :ather-

ine II. of 4ussia, J1 $ other historical eEamples, J#.

do not reign in rance, under the 8alic la>, because

8cripture says that lilies neither toil nor spin, and

for other reasons, Ei. Q5.

O?)B8 4)/DI. </ middling romance >ill serve

for t>o or three hoursB amusement to a fe> >omen,

>ith >hom novelty is the most essential Fuality in

books, as it is in everything else.<

)ssays, EEEvii. K1.

gift of tears, Eiv. J0.

O4D8, their convenience in veiling the ignorance of the

>ise, viii. #N#.

<O4D /s I* O)8, *7).< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

O487I' O IDO8, images of gods >ere not the gods,

nor is veneration of a loved portrait >orship of it,

E. 1NJ.

O4*7, I*4I8I:. <8hines the diamond >ith less

lustre, or is it less valuable, because found in a

desert!< anine, Eviii. 10%.

O4*7I)8. <*here are eEalted spirits

ho claim respect and honor from themselves

/nd not their ancestors.< ?ahomet, Evi. NQ.

4)*:7)D)88.

< *o fear, and to be feared $ the bitter poison

*o all my happiness.< Orestes, Evii. %0.

4I*)48, time of ouis 6I., biographical and critical

sketches, EEEviii. NQJ.

4O-7)/D)D, many >ays of being, Eiv. N5S.

+:I), MO7, 1#NS-1#KJ, a brave and pure reformer,

EEv. NQN.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6I. :O*I9)D.

/)4 O?).

/)4, )D?9D, 1Q05-1QKJ, his poems liked in rance,

1%1 $ the cultivation of literature by )nglish nobility,



1%N.

oltaire IndeE N%%

/4, its universality an argument for the ?anichcean

doctrine of good and evil po>ers at eternal strife,

1%#$ absurdity of >ar, 1%S$ and of invoking the favor

of the od of ?ercy before, and thanking 7im after,

>e have slaughtered thousands >ho have not harmed

us, 1%Q$ the pulpit seldom denounces popular >ars,

1%J$ a battleHeld death, 1%K$ ?ontesFuieuBs apology

for >ar, 1%%.

)/()88 on both sides, the motto of all Fuarrels, N00$

curious disputations in the middle ages, the amiable

controversy of the 8tercorists, the rival rituals, and

the kitchen garden Fuarrel of the :ordeliers, N0#$

disappearance of sects and sectarian controversies,

N05 $ 'arliamentary eEperience of the unhappy ?. dc

angeais, N0Q$ our inborn love of faction and Hght-

ing, N0J.

7+8, *7). Uuestions very hard to ans>er, on >ar,

government, corruption, ocialism, public >orship, the

sale of the <:ourse of /theism,< and other forbidden

>orks, N0J$ >hy do >e ignore the laboring men, but

pay court to the useless man >ho is rich only by

their misery! hy spread the ridiculous error that

the grain rots to germinate! hy more insects than

men! hy do >e dream if >e have no soul! hy

are dreams so silly if >e have a soul! hy do

>e eEist! N0J.

I:()D, to say >e are born so, N15$ children are not

>icked, neither are P>ereR 'hiladelphians, N1J$ a

census of bad people, N1J$ of truly >icked people

there only remains a fe> politicians, secular and cler-

ical, N1K.

I, sensible ans>er of 'ope 7onorius >hen asked if

Mesus had t>o >ills as >ell as t>o natures, N1%$

atrocities and >ars that resulted from the dispute

over this fantastic Fuestion, NN1.

I*, 8'I4I*, I*)):*. *he public >eary of >it, NN1 $

it may be a subtle allusion, a pun, a fancy, a hidden

meaning, matching things that di@er, severing things



#00 oltaire IndeE

that match, and sometimes it is the eEpressing only

half of your thought, leaving the other half to be

guessed, NNN$ out of place in danger and passion,

>hen plain eEpressions are the Httest, NN#$ he >ho

cannot shine by thought tries to attract notice by a

ne> fangled >ord, NN%$ a man of spirit, >hat it

means, N#N$ novel eEpression necessary to spirited

speech, N#N$ an author >ishes to sho> himself, >hen

he should only sho> his personages, N#5$ oldsmithBs

delicate touch, N#5$ >it and pretty fancies, out of

place, are blemishes, N#Q$ false >it, false style, N#J$

various biblical terms to describe soul$ all >ords des-

cribing the understanding are metaphors, NS0$ rench

>it, esprit, NSN$ poetical metaphors, ridiculed by ?o-

liere, N50$ ho> early teachings often distort the in-

tellect, N5#$ the philosophy of truth-speaking and ab-

surdity of pushing it to eEtremes, N5S.

O?), curious theories of the ancients, N55 $ their phy-

sical characteristics, unHtted for the >ork of men,

N5J $ ?ontesFuieuBs blunder respecting the reek >ord

for >omenBs love, N5K$ many learned >omen, but

seldom or never are they distinguished for invention,

N5%$ they can reign in monarchies, but have never

been allo>ed to take part in the government of re-



publics, N5%$ great Uueens, Isabella of 8pain, )liLa-

beth of )ngland, ?aria *heresa of 7ungary, NQ0$

errors respecting ?ahometan sub&ection of >omen,

NQ1 $ polygamy in various lands and periods, NQN $

stories of polyandry, NQ5$ retort of the ?ussulman

to his :hristian censor, NQJ$ detailed analysis of tha

8tory.


6/I)4, 4/:I8, 8*., 150Q-155N, his gift of tongues and

>orking divine miracles, iE. 10#, 10K.

oltaire IndeE #01

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6I. :O*I9)D.

6)O'7/)8 6)O'7O(.

6)O'7/)8, ;. : 500, ;ayleBs panegyric on the devil,

NQ%$ >hims of the ancient philosophers, NJ0.

6)O'7O, ;. : SSS-#5%, friend of 8ocrates, >arrior,

philosopher, poet, historian, and agriculturist, NJ1$

the retreat of the ten thousand, NJN$ its obscurities,

NJQ.


+O() O O). <7e >ho feels the yoke that is put

on him >ill al>ays murmur at it, and tyrannic love is

a deity that I ab&ure.< 6aninf, Eviii. %S.

+O9*79 O+.

< Of youth misguided, let us learn, >hateBer

*heir follies threaten, never to despair.<

*he 'rodigal, EiE. N##.

/ '7IO8O'7I:/ DI:*IO/4+.

O. 6I. :O*I9)D,

+)*O*.

+)*O*, the little to>n that claimed to be a kingdom,

NK0$ story of (ing :lotaire, rand :hamberlain au-

tier, and 'ope /gapetus, NK1$ some >holesale eE-

communications, NKN$ even of kings, NKQ.


<T/DI.< 8ee 4O?/:)8.

T/I4), oltaire on, EEEviii. N1J.

T/'O4/I/8, *7), the most remarkable people in the uni-

verse, :harks 61, EE. 1QK.

#ON oltaire IndeE

T)*/, ;/**) O, 'rince )ugene humbles the *urks,

1Q%5, EEii. NJS.

TITI?, 1S5%-1S%5, brother of ;a&aLet, EEvi. 1%5$ fell into

the hands of the 'ope and >as murdered, 1%Q.

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