Volcanoes?! .
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Transcript of Volcanoes?! .
Volcanoes?!
http://www.history.com/shows/how-the-earth-was-made/videos/the-krakatoa-volcano#the-krakatoa-volcano
What did you notice??
Regrowth!
Krakatoa & PlantsWhat happened over time
with the ecology of Krakatoa?
Succession• Succession is the changes that take place in a
community as it gets older• Primary and Secondary
• Climax community is the last or final stage of succession– Little change in species
Ecological Succession
Primary…
No top soil…yet
Bare rock
Very slow progression
Primary…
Soil begins to form from decaying material
As more “soil” is formed, more plants are able to grow
Primary Succession• Establishment of a community on exposed rock w/o
topsoil– Pioneer species (lichens/mosses) create soil by breaking
down rocks
• Rock, bare soil, weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest
Secondary
http://www.playingwithtime.org/cgi-bin/browser/gallerydisplay.pl?clipID=0120&page=3&sort=clipName&searchCriteria=
Soil is still present though!
What type of plants grow first?
Is this a quick or slow thing?
Secondary Succession• Disturbance disrupts a community
– Fire, flood, windstorm, etc– Soil and some species remain
• New plants/animals may take over at first– Natural tendency for species of mature community to
return– weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest
Check Your Knowledge
Which type of succession is faster?
A: Secondary! There is already soil present and areas nearby will help
populate it
Pond Succession
• Lake, pond, marsh, dry land, weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest
Biomes
• Climates– Average weather conditions, temp., precipitation
• 3 main climate zones:Polar = cold areas Temperate = hot to cold seasonsTropical = direct sunlight, always warm
Community• Def. – interacting populations in an area at the
same time
• Different organisms occupy different biomes– Different adaptations– Different communities around the world
Limiting Factors…• Anything that prevents the number,
reproduction, distribution, growth of an organism– Abiotic– Biotic– Sunlight, food, temperature, acidity of soil
• Tolerance – ability of an organism to survive when subjected to limiting factors– Upper and lower limit = range
Review!Ecological Succession –
http://www.mrphome.net/mrp/succession.swf