VOLCANIC ASH
description
Transcript of VOLCANIC ASH
![Page 1: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
IMPACT ON AVIATION SAFETYIMPACT ON AVIATION SAFETYVOLCANIC ASHVOLCANIC ASH
Leonard (Len) J. SalinasManager - QA Dispatch and OperationsUnited Airlines Flight Safety (WHQFS)(847) [email protected]
Daniel (Dan) J. WattAviation MeteorologistUnited Airlines Weather Center(847) [email protected]
![Page 2: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
IMPACTSIMPACTS • OVER 100 JET AIRCRAFT OVER 100 JET AIRCRAFT
ENCOUNTERED ASH IN THE PAST 25 ENCOUNTERED ASH IN THE PAST 25 YEARSYEARS
• ASH ASH NOTNOT DETECTABLE BY RADAR DETECTABLE BY RADAR
• ASH IS CAPABLE OF SERIOUS ASH IS CAPABLE OF SERIOUS DAMAGE DAMAGE
![Page 3: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
IMPACTSIMPACTS• JET AIRCRAFT TRAVELING OVER 500 JET AIRCRAFT TRAVELING OVER 500
MILES/HOUR (6-8 MILES/MIN)MILES/HOUR (6-8 MILES/MIN)
• MOUNT ST. HELENS ASH ASCENDED MOUNT ST. HELENS ASH ASCENDED AT 5000FT PER MINUTE.AT 5000FT PER MINUTE.
• ONLY ONLY FIVEFIVE MINUTES FOR ASH TO MINUTES FOR ASH TO REACH CRUISE ALTITUDES REACH CRUISE ALTITUDES
![Page 4: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
AIR-TRAFFIC AIR-TRAFFIC TODAYTODAY 30 Aircraft in Circle
25-30 UAL A/C Enroute
10-15 A/C On Ground
![Page 7: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NOTABLE NOTABLE ENCOUNTERSENCOUNTERS
• BRITISH AIRWAYS B-747 NEAR BRITISH AIRWAYS B-747 NEAR GALUNGGUNG, INDONESIA 1982.GALUNGGUNG, INDONESIA 1982.
• LOST ENGINE POWER TO ALL FOUR ENGINES, LOST ENGINE POWER TO ALL FOUR ENGINES, RESTARTED THREE ENGINES AND LANDED AT RESTARTED THREE ENGINES AND LANDED AT JAKARTAJAKARTA
• KLM B747-400 NEAR REDOUBT KLM B747-400 NEAR REDOUBT IN ALASKA, 1989.IN ALASKA, 1989.
• ALSO LOST POWER TO ALL FOUR ENGINES, ALSO LOST POWER TO ALL FOUR ENGINES, RESTARTED ALL FOUR AND LANDED SAFELY AT RESTARTED ALL FOUR AND LANDED SAFELY AT ANCHORAGE.ANCHORAGE. (AN $80 MILLION LOSS) (AN $80 MILLION LOSS)
![Page 8: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
COOLING TURBINE WITH MELTEDCOOLING TURBINE WITH MELTEDVOLCANIC ASHVOLCANIC ASH
![Page 9: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
IMPAIRMENT TO LIGHT COVERSIMPAIRMENT TO LIGHT COVERS
![Page 10: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AIRLINE OPERATIONS (UAL)AIRLINE OPERATIONS (UAL)
• THE THE UAL WEATHER CENTERUAL WEATHER CENTER ACTS AS THE POINT OF CONTACT ACTS AS THE POINT OF CONTACT FOR ALL VOLCANIC ASH EVENTS FOR ALL VOLCANIC ASH EVENTS ON A GLOBAL SCALE ON A GLOBAL SCALE
• ASSIST PILOTS AND AIRCRAFT ASSIST PILOTS AND AIRCRAFT DISPATCHERS IN VOLCANIC ASH DISPATCHERS IN VOLCANIC ASH AVOIDANCE WHEN PLANNING AVOIDANCE WHEN PLANNING FLIGHTS FLIGHTS
![Page 12: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
FLOW OF INFORMATIONFLOW OF INFORMATION
Ash to FL230
ASH EVENT ASH EVENT REPORTED TO VAACREPORTED TO VAAC
VAAC RECEIVES REPORT AND VAAC RECEIVES REPORT AND DISTRIBUTES TO MWO AND TO AIRLINESDISTRIBUTES TO MWO AND TO AIRLINES
INFORMATION RECEIVED BY FLIGHT INFORMATION RECEIVED BY FLIGHT DISPATCH -- SENT TO ACTIVE FLIGHTSDISPATCH -- SENT TO ACTIVE FLIGHTS
OR USED FOR FLIGHT PLANNINGOR USED FOR FLIGHT PLANNING
VAAS / SIGMETS RECEIVED, VAAS / SIGMETS RECEIVED, INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED TO DISPATCH AND TO CREWSTO DISPATCH AND TO CREWS
INFORMATION RECEIVED BY PILOTSINFORMATION RECEIVED BY PILOTSAND USED IN PLANNING STAGESAND USED IN PLANNING STAGES
![Page 13: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
AIRLINE OPERATIONS (UAL)AIRLINE OPERATIONS (UAL)• METER AND GRAPHIC FOR METER AND GRAPHIC FOR
VOLCANIC ASH EVENT CREATED VOLCANIC ASH EVENT CREATED FOR USE BY FLIGHT CREWS AND FOR USE BY FLIGHT CREWS AND AIRCRAFT DISPATCHERS IN REAL-AIRCRAFT DISPATCHERS IN REAL-TIMETIME
• IDENTIFIES EVENT AS A HAZARD IDENTIFIES EVENT AS A HAZARD EITHER TO AIRWAYS OR TO EITHER TO AIRWAYS OR TO TERMINAL OPERATIONS TERMINAL OPERATIONS
• TIMELINESSTIMELINESS IS ESSENTIALIS ESSENTIAL
![Page 14: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ash at Local Airport Ash at Local Airport in Ecuadorin Ecuador
•
![Page 15: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
• COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION OF VOLCANIC OF VOLCANIC ASH EVENTS IS VERY CRITICAL TO ASH EVENTS IS VERY CRITICAL TO AIR CARRIERS AIR CARRIERS
• HIGH COST FACTORSHIGH COST FACTORS IF ACFT IS IF ACFT IS DAMAGED OR IF IT DIVERTS DAMAGED OR IF IT DIVERTS
• U.S. DIVERSION COST - U.S. DIVERSION COST - $10,000$10,000• INTL’ DIVERSION COST - INTL’ DIVERSION COST - $100,000$100,000
![Page 16: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ONE LAST THOUGHTONE LAST THOUGHT • BETWEENBETWEEN 1989 1989 ANDAND 2004 2004 AIRLINE AIRLINE
OPERATIONS WERE IMPACTED ON OPERATIONS WERE IMPACTED ON ELEVENELEVEN SEPARATE OCCASIONS BY SEPARATE OCCASIONS BY VOLCANIC ASH EVENTS VOLCANIC ASH EVENTS
• EACH INCIDENT OCCURRED NEAREACH INCIDENT OCCURRED NEAR TEN TEN DIFFERENT VOLCANOESDIFFERENT VOLCANOES
• WHILE INCIDENTS HAVE BEEN REDUCED WHILE INCIDENTS HAVE BEEN REDUCED THANKS TO THE VOLCANO THANKS TO THE VOLCANO COMMUNITY, INCIDENTS STILL HAPPEN COMMUNITY, INCIDENTS STILL HAPPEN
![Page 17: VOLCANIC ASH](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022050802/568150b2550346895dbecf6c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ARE THERE ARE THERE ANY ANY
QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?