VOL. XXVIII No. 8 August 2016 Rs. 20in.chineseembassy.org › eng › xwfw › zgxw › P... · 4....

VOL. XXVIII No. 8 August 2016 Rs. 20.00

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Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d'Affairs of Chinese Embassy, attended a seminar on China-India relations organized by

The Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses.

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi sees a photo exhibition

organized by Chinese Embassy during his visit of India .Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d'Affairs of Chinese Embassy, delivered a speech on China's Security and Diplomatic

Doctrine at National Defense College of India .

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d'Affairs of Chinese Embassy, attended a seminar on China-India relations organized by Institute of Chinese Studies .

Mr. Cheng Guangzhong, Minister Counselor of Chinese

Embassy, met with Mr. Bobby Ghosh, editor in chief of

Hindutan Times newspaper .

Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d'Affairs of Chinese Embassy, attended of the Asian-African

Legal Consultative Organization.

A Ceremonial Session

CO

NT

EN

TS

External Affairs

South China Sea

Wang Yi’s Visit to India

China-India Relations

Indians in China

1. Reflections on a Short Passage Through China 462. Wangmang Mountain : Bridge to Divinity 50

1. China Focus: Xi Calls on China, U.S. to Respect Each Other's Core Interests 192. Chinese Premier Discusses Ways to Meet Global Economic Challenges with International 21

Economic, Financial Leaders

3. Full Text: Joint Press Release on the '1+6' Round Table 234. China, ASEAN Nations Should be Responsible for Own Regional Peace, Stability: Chinese FM 275. China Vows to Deepen Economic, Trade Cooperation with ASEAN 29

Rio Olympics

1. China, India Agree on Mutual Support to Successfully Host G20, BRICS Summits 42. China, India Pledge to Build Closer Partnership, Enhance Pragmatic Cooperation 53. China to Coordinate with India for Chinese Leader's Attendance at BRICS Summit 64. China, India to Support Each Other in Organizing G20, BRICS Summits: Foreign Minister 8

1. China's Security and Diplomatic Doctrine In a Globalized Era 92. World Focus on Two Summits 143. Military Attache Wang Xiaojun Delivered a Speech at the 89th Anniversary of the 16

Founding of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army

1. Chinese President to Host Hangzhou G20 Summit 302. G20 Summit Aims to Spur New Economic Growth 313. The G20 Labour and Employment Ministerial Meeting Held in Beijing 314. The Third G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting in 2016 Held in Chengdu 325. World Expects G20 Summit to Revive Economic Growth, Eye China's Leadership 366. G20 Summit a Chance to Show China's View on Global Development: Russian Expert 37

G20 Summit

1. Chinese FM Calls for End to Politicization of South China Sea Issue, Urges Parties to 39Return to Negotiations

2. China, ASEAN Vow to Promote Peace, Stability in South China Sea 403. China Opens S. China Sea Website 414. Spotlight: Arbitration Tribunal's Award on South China Sea Sets Dangerous Precedent of 42

Abusing Arbitration System5. South China Sea Arbitral Tribunal Loses its Own Face by Lack of Political Wisdom: 44

Indian Expert6. Manila's Expenses for South China Sea Arbitration Should be made Public 45

1. Pistol shooter Zhang Mengxue Wins China's First Gold in Rio 522. Chinese Lifter Long Smashes World Record to Win his 2nd Olympic Gold 533. China Win First Diving Gold of Rio Games 544. China's Sun Yang Wins 200m Freestyle Gold 55

Culture & Life

1. Chinese Valentine's Day: "Qi Xi” 572. 10th China International Folk Art Festival Opens 593. SE China's Underwater World Becomes Popular Spot in Summer Vacation 60

Tibet Today

1. Panchen Lama Leads First Kalachakra Ritual in Tibetin 50 Years 622. 11th Panchen Lama Visits Nagqu in China's Tibet 653. Tibet Receives Over 6.8 Million Tourists in H1 68

Book Review – Ren Zhengfei – Lessons from Battle 68

CCTV 69CRI 70

4 News From China August 2016



CHINA, INDIA AGREE ON MUTUAL SUPPORT TO SUCCESSFULLY HOST

G20, BRICS SUMMITS

New Delhi, Aug. 13 (Xinhua) — Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met here Saturday with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and the two sides agreed to strengthen mutual support over the successful organization of the upcoming G20 and BRICS summits.

The Indian prime minister said his country and China need to boost communications and mutual support to ensure successes for the G20 summit scheduled next month in China’s city of Hangzhou as well as the BRICS summit to be held in the Indian state of Goa in October.

Modi said he cherishes the friendship with Chinese leaders, and looks forward to exchanges of views on further development of India-China ties with Chinese leaders on occasions including the G20 summit and the BRICS summit.

News From China August 2016 5


The Indian side is glad to see relations with China achieving all-around development in recent years, Modi said. He noted that India attaches great importance to relations with China, and the stance of viewing and treating the bilateral relations from a strategic height has not changed.

He added that the strengthening of cooperation between India and China will provide aspirations for other developing nations.

For his part, the visiting Chinese foreign minister said relations between China and India kept good momentum in recent years and have achieved all-around and rapid progress. Common interests between China and India far exceed their differences, and the need for cooperation far exceeds the competition, said Wang.

The foreign minister said China always welcomes the development and rise of India, and supports India

to play a more positive role in regional as well as international affairs. The development of both China and India is conducive to the better balance and stability of world powers, he noted.

Wang stressed that amid the challenges that the global economy currently faces, it is highly important to ensure the successful organization of the G20 and BRICS summits. China is willing to boost mutual support with India for this end, he said.

CHINA, INDIA PLEDGE TO BUILD CLOSER PARTNERSHIP, ENHANCE PRAGMATIC

COOPERATION


New Delhi, Aug. 13 (Xinhua) — China is ready to build closer partnership with India, and enhance pragmatic cooperation with India in all fields, visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi told his Indian counterpart Sushma Swaraj during their meeting on Saturday here.

Wang positively reviewed the development of China-India ties, which he said have been making remarkable and comprehensive headways in recently years thanks to joint efforts by both sides.

Leaders of the two countries have maintained close exchange of visits and communications, the dialogue mechanism between the two governments has been ever increasing and perfecting, the complementariness of the two economies has been further tapped and a win-win cooperation pattern is taking shape, Wang noted.

What’s more, the two peoples have enhanced understanding and friendship through more and more trade and cultural exchanges and communications, he added.

T h e t w o s i d e s h a v e strengthened strategic dialogue on such major international issues as climate change and global action, and safeguarded the common

interests of emerging markets and developing countries.

China and India are strategic partners, and China is ready to work with India to master the general course for the development of ties, bui ld a c loser development partnership, and expand their all-around pragmatic cooperation, Wang said.

C h i n a w i l l s t r e n g t h e n communication and coordination with India to render both the upcoming Group of 20 (G20) summit in China’s Hangzhou and BRICS summit in the Indian state of Goa successful, and thus elevate the status and role of emerging economies on world arena, Wang said.

The two sides are to enhance cooperation in such fields as railway and industrial park construction, security, anti-terror and anti-ex t r emi sm, and to expand communication and exchanges in education and tourism, and facilitate more exchanges among regional governments of both countries, and jointly safeguard their common interests as well as those of all developing countr ies, Wang propositioned.

Wang said that the two countries

have much more common interests than differences, more needs for cooperation than competition, while expressing confidence that the two sides can hold onto the general direction of ties, and refrain from allowing difference over singular issues to baff le the general cooperation.

Swaraj, for her part, said that India has good prospect of the development of India-China relations, and has taken a series of measures to encourage Chinese investors and promote bilateral engagement, as as to foster the further development of ties.

The two sides have good coordination on regional and international issues, she said, adding that India attaches great importance to ties with China, and is ready to strengthen the ties in various fields, s t r e n g t h e n h u m a n i t a r i a n exchanges, and properly handle existing problems with patience, as as to inject new vitality to the bilateral ties.

The two diplomats a lso exchanged views on specific issues on bilateral ties, as well as regional and international issues of common concern, such as the situation on the Korean Peninsula and the Briexit.

CHINA TO COORDINATE WITH INDIA FOR CHINESE LEADER'S ATTENDANCE AT

BRICS SUMMITOn August 12, 2016, China said

t h a t i t w i l l s t r e n g t h e n communication and coordination

with the Indian side to make preparations for the Chinese leader’s attendance at the forthcoming

BRICS summit.The BRICS summit is to be held

in the Indian state of Goa in



October.Visit ing Chinese Foreign

Minister Wang Yi made the remarks while meeting with Goa’s Governor Mridula Sinha, Chief Minister Laxmikant Parsekar and Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Anant Shet.

Wang wished India success in hosting the summit.

Goa served as an important bridge connecting East and West in history and it has forged close ties with China, Wang said.

The Chinese foreign minister expressed the hope that Goa will take the opportunity to further boost cooperation with China.

China is willing to promote people to people exchanges with Goa and widen the cooperation between the two sides, he added.

For their part, the governor, the chief minister and the speaker said the relations between the two

countries have enjoyed continual development.

They said they will make their best efforts for the success of the summit.

Welcoming Chinese enterprises

to invest in Goa, they hoped to boost cooperation with China in such fields as hi-tech, culture and education.

BRICS groups Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.



CHINA, INDIA TO SUPPORT EACH OTHER IN ORGANIZING G20, BRICS SUMMITS:

FOREIGN MINISTER

On August 13, 2016, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in New Delhi that consensus had been reached with the Indian side to firmly support each other so as to ensure the successful organization of the upcoming G20 and BRICS summits.

Speaking to journalists before wrapping up his visit to India, the foreign minister said the major aim of this trip was to conduct strategic communications with India ahead of the G20 summit scheduled next month in China and the BRICS summit to be held in India in October.

On bilateral relations, Wang said the two countries have made all-around progress in a number of areas since the establishment of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government more than two years ago. He cited growth momentum of trade, rapid increase of China’s investment in India, railway cooperation as well as humanity and cultural exchanges as fields that enjoy vigorous growth.

The foreign minister stressed that as two neighbors that are both the world’s major countries, it is inevitable for China and India to come across certain problems in

developing ties. However, the common interests far exceed differences, and the need for cooperation far exceeds competition.

China and India should not let specific differences affect the overall situation of friendly bilateral ties, nor should they let individual problems obstruct the course of cooperation, the foreign minister emphasized.

He said that the two sides have reached consensus that individual problems will eventually be solved through the strengthening of mutual trust and reduction of unnecessary misunderstandings.



China India Relations

Your Excellency Lt Gen NS Ghei, Commandant of the National Defense College, faculty members and cadets,

Good Morning!

Today, I’d like to talk about China’s security and diplomatic doctrine in a globalized era. In my

view, from history till now, the way China views this issue can be summarized in one sentence: a country may be large, it will perish if it’s belligerent, the world may be peaceful, it is dangerous to forget war.

China is primarily an agricultural nation. Like the Indian people, we

are attached to our native land, value peace and are averse to war. Many of you have been to Beijing and seen the Great Wall. As the most important military facility in ancient China, the Great Wall is for defense. L i k e w i s e , C h i n a ’s d e f e n s e modernization today is for defense as well.


CHINA'S SECURITY AND DIPLOMATIC DOCTRINE IN A GLOBALIZED ERA

– Remarks by Mr. Liu Jinsong, Charge d'Affaires of the Embassy of P.R. China in India

(National Defense College of India, July 21, 2016)



The Chinese people do not have the gene of expansion and colonialism, nor do we have the economic or political need for that. Even at ancient China’s heydays w h e n A d m i r a l Z h e n g H e commanded the world’s strongest fleet, they came to India and countries along the Indian ocean for no other purpose than commerce and friendship. Zheng He and his super fleet visited Kochi several times. They left no fortresses or churches, but Chinese fishing nets, which the locals learn to use from Zheng He, which are still benefiting the local people today.

The Chinese people are very prudent on war. The ancient Chinese strategist Sun Tzu said: “The art of war is of vital importance to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. It is a subject of inquiry and can never be neglected.” We believe the nature and cause of the war is crucial and no war must be waged without a good cause. Only an army of justice can ultimately win the day, and that of invasion and injustice may succeed for the time being, but is doomed to fail sooner or later.

The Chinese people emphasize strategy and wisdom in war. We believe “the highest form of generalship is to balk the enemy’s plans; the next best is to prevent the junction of the enemy’s forces; the next in order is to attack the enemy’s army in the field; and the worst of all is to besiege walled cities.”, and the supreme excellence for political and military leaders lies in breaking the enemy’s resistance without fighting and ensuring national security without losing a soldier. These wisdom were included in the Art of

War, which came out about 200 years before the Arthashastra by the Indian strategist Kautilya. Napoleon was said to have read The Art of War in exile on the island of Saint-Helena, sighing as he read along.

What best reflects the Chinese strategic thinking is the Chinese board game Weiqi, or the Game of Go. Dr. Kissinger depicts the differences between Chinese and Western strategic thinking by comparing international chess and Weiqi in his book On China, saying that “ While chess is about the clash of forces, about decisive battle and the goal of total victory, Weiqi is more about sustaining war. While in international chess each piece has its definite function and both sides are clear about the opponent’s strength, in Weiqi you need to see the value of each piece on board as well as those to be filled in.” In Weiqi, a player is not overly concerned about winning or losing one move, a player could well lose a battle to win the war”.

Dr. Kissinger said during the Cold War, Mao Zedong perceived the threats to China through the Weiqi concept of “preventing strategic encirclement......As long as the Chinese government realized that other countries have deployed too many pieces around China, Mao w o u l d t r y t o b r e a k t h e encirclement”.

China is never intimidated by encirclement, powerful enemies, or wars imposed on us.

Since the Opium War in 1840 till the founding of P.R. China in 1949, we had suffered from aggression by over 20 Western powers, including Japan, Britain, the US, with 470

invasions from the sea. China was forced to sign nearly 800 unequal treaties and lost 3 million sq km territory. During the War of Res is tance aga inst Japanese Aggression, China suffered 35 million military and civilian casualty, 1/3 of the world total casualty during WWII.

Some of you visited Nanjing not long ago. In the atrocity of Nanjing Massacre some 80 years ago, the Japanese aggressors murdered 300,000 innocent Chinese men and women.

Three lessons were learned from the pains of wars: first, it’s essential to build a strong national defense, as weak countries have no diplomacy to speak of and backwardness leads to defeat. Second, it’s critical to open up to the world and reform in keeping with the times instead of staying behind close doors. Third, it’s crucial to grow the economy, ensure political stability and promote unity, as this is the only way to ward off foreign aggression and stand up among strong nations.

Now 67 years since the founding of New China, we have succeeded on all three fronts. Gone are the days when Western powers can subdue China by placing a few cannons off the coast of China.

But we haven’t lost vigilance because war has not faded into history and threats to China’s n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y h a s n o t disappeared.

– In a globalized world, non-traditional security threats such as terrorism, weapons of mass



destruction, cyber crimes, climate change, epidemic diseases and natural disasters keep cropping up, v io lent at tacks by ter ror is t organizations respect no border, attacking countries like China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Turkey, France and US and hurting people both old and young. All countries are victims.

– Gunboat diplomacy and power politics remain on the historical stage, interventionism and u n i l a t e r a l i s m f i n d n e w manifestations. Some country wantonly use force on countries that do not obey it and claims that it is the only maker of international rules. It stirs up color revolutions an preaches that “human rights above sovereignty”. We don’t think this is right.

– Some external power, under the pretext of surmise excuses, deploys the Aegis Ashore ballistic missile defense system in Europe and plans deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) in Northeast Asia, this severely violates the strategic security interests of regional countries. The long distance precision strike weapons developed by some countries, such as the global prompt strike system, may seriously damage the strategic balance and trigger a new round of arms race.” China and Russia responded strongly to this tendency in the Joint Statement on Strengthening Global Strategic Stability released last month.

– Some country, in order to play the role of the so-called “offshore balancing” proposed by Mr. Brzezinski and promote its own

military and security strategy in the Asia Pacific, uses and hypes up the territorial and maritime disputes and orchestrated the political farce of the South China Sea arbitration, in order to accuse China of not abiding by international law and rules and sow discord and conflicts between China and its neighbors.

How does China perceive and react to such complex situation and challenges? This a primary question for the Chinese, and one of interest to many countries including India.

Our answer to this question is as follows:

First, China will be committed to peaceful development. This is because at home, China still is a developing country and will remain so for long. To grow the economy and improve people’s life is still our top priority. China’s constitution explicitly states that we should stick to the five principles of peaceful coexistence and oppose imperialism, hegemony and colonialism. On the external front, China believes that peace and development is the mega-trend of the times, the security environment of Asia Pacific in on the whole stable and a world war is not in the horizon. China is a participant, builder and reformer of the current international system,

despite its flaws, we have no intention to overthrow it and build another one.

What is important to know is that in an era of economic globalization, China can access resources, market and technologies in the international market by peaceful means. China has joined over 300 international legal instruments and over 1000 inter-governmental organizations, foreign trade accounts for over 40% of China’s GDP and over 60% of major resources we need are imported.

China maintains that disputes should be resolved by peaceful m e a n s t h r o u g h f r i e n d l y consultations by states directly concerned, which is also the position of many Asian countries including India. China’s non-participation, n o n - a c c e p t a n c e a n d n o n -recognition of the arbitration award of the South China Sea arbitration tribunal is in itself an act of upholding international rule of law. The arbitration court has been engaged in ultra vires and power abuse since its establishment, it has violated China’s rights under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and aggravated regional tension.

China will not alter its evaluation of the security environment or change its consistent diplomatic and security policies for the arbitration farce. We will continue to abide by and uphold international law including the UNCLOS, safeguard rules and mechanisms on disputes, promote joint development and cooperation and ensure the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed

China’s const i tu t ion

explicitly states that we

should stick to the five

principles of peaceful

coexistence and oppose

imperialism, hegemony

and colonialism.



by all countries. The freedom of navigation and overflight and other rights enjoyed by India in the South China Sea have will be fully guaranteed, both now and in future.

Second, China is committed to an independent foreign policy. We do not seek hegemony, build alliance, or export ideology. We determine our position on the merits of an issue itself and will not yield to external pressure. China do not play other countries against each, nor do we permit other countries to play the China card. China has suffered enough from hegemony and power politics, we will not do onto others what we do not want others do onto us. This is our diplomatic philosophy and our pledge to the world.

Third, China advocates the new security concept. On the conference celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC) July 1st this year, President Xi Jinping said that China does not covet other countries’ rights and interests or envy other countries’ development, but China will never give up its lawful rights and interests. Chinese people do not believe fallacy, nor are we afraid of evil forces. Chinese people do not make trouble, but we are no cowards when involved in trouble. No country shall expect China to trade on its core interests or swallow the bitter consequences of violating China’s sovereignty, security and development interests. Late Premier Zhou Enlai once summarized China’s diplomatic philosophy as follows: do not impose your will on others, make necessary retreat to avoid unnecessary conflicts, do not make the first move, gain mastery only after the enemy has struck, and

return as good as one receives.

China will firmly protect its core nat ional interests, including sovereignty, national security and unity, territorial integrity, the political system enshrined in China’s Constitution, social stability and other bas ic guarantees for sustainable economic and social development. In this regard, the Taiwan question, Tibet question, South China Sea issue and Xinjiang question no doubt involve China’s core interests.

China adheres to the holistic security concept with people’s security, which has political security and economic security at its heart and encompasses military, cultural, social security and the promotion of the international security. China approaches security of land and sea, traditional and non-traditional, internal and external in a holistic manner, without neglecting any respect.

China advocates an Asian security concept featuring common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, advocates consultation and dialogue rather than threat of force, win-win cooperation instead of zero-sum games, openness and inclusiveness rather that seclusion and exclusion.

This security concept has been embraced and promoted by the S h a n g h a i C o o p e r a t i o n Organization, to which India will become an full member.

Fourth, good-neighborliness. As the ancient Chinese saying goes, associat ing with benevolent gentlemen and befriending good neighbors is a country’s treasure. Without a tranquil neighborhood, a country can not focus on any development. India is China’s friendly neighbor. As Chairman Mao pointed out in the 1950s, we shall not turn friends into enemies, this is our national policy.

At present, China and India h a v e r a r e d e v e l o p m e n t opportunities. The center of gravity in moving to the Asia Pacific while China and India are becoming the dual engines of world economic g r o w t h . C o m p a r e d w i t h conventional powers, our growth trajectories are heartening, despite some ups and downs.

Population used to be a burden on development, but given the lack of working population, aging population and low birth rate in developed countries, a young, healthy population with purchasing power and creativity has become the most scarce resource. China and India are richly endowed in this respect.

A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is brewing, featuring new technologies such as 3 D p r i n t i n g , 5 G telecommunications, the Internet of Things, cloud computing and robots. China and India embrace the

No country shall expect

China to trade on its core

interests or swallow the

bitter consequences of

v i o l a t i n g C h i n a ’ s

sovereignty, security and

development interests.



latest technologies at nearly the same time with the developed countries, and we have enterprises and entrepreneurs comparable to those in developed countries, so we have the potential to overtake them down the road.

However, the market, fund, human resources and wisdom of one country are not enough, and the voice of one country is not strong enough. We can’t realize the “Asian Century” and the rise of BRICS countries as a whole without the rise of both China and India or our s t r a t eg i c coopera t ion . Our cooperation in both hardware and software and the interplay of the dragon and the elephant has changed the world and will continue to do so.

That is why the leaders of our two countries have both seriously stated that, when China and India speak with one voice, the world will listen.

Indeed, there are some issues between China and India. To find a fundamental solution to these issues, it is essential to have strategic mutual trust.

To foster and enhance strategic mutual trust, we first and foremost need to embrace the faith that we do not pose threats to each other. This has been written into the joint statements between our two countries. However, to embed it in our minds and put it into practice takes more hard work.

China never regards India as a threat, but a strategic partner in regional and international affairs. China and India are important forces

for a multipolar world, which is definitely better than a uni-polar or bi-polar one. And the symphony of all BRICS countries and emerging markets is better than the solo of one country. China is glad for India’s development and is delighted to see the economic achievements of India. We hope India play a more constructive role in the world arena.

China does not intend to dominate or monopolize Asian affairs, we believe Asian affairs should first be handled by Asians the Asian way, and emphasize equal c o n s u l t a t i o n a n d a n o p e n regionalism. China has never thought of containing or balancing India, and there is no such thing as the “Pear l Str ing Strateg y” whatsoever. Nor does China believe that India will allow itself to be used as a chess piece to contain China. Such phrases of the colonial era as “sphere of influence”, “back yard” or “buffer zone” shall be removed from the diplomatic dictionaries of China and India.

China is keen to promote connectivity across the Eurasia continent and its adjacent oceans. The English philosopher Lord Francis Bacon wrote, “There be three things which make a nation great and prosperous; a fertile soil, b u s y wo r k s h o p s a n d e a s y conveyance of men and things from one place to another.” The “Belt and Road Initiative” is meant to achieve exactly what Bacon described. The Chinese idea is simple, we want to make the land and sea routes of the Eurasia continent smoother, so that the economies of inland and remote areas can grow, and the economic and cultural ties of countries across the continent become closer. The

“Belt and Road Initiative” is not China’s initiative alone, but the common action and multilateral initiative of over 70 countries and international organizations. China sees India as an important cooperation partner and values communication with India on this initiative. We are ready to align the “Belt and Road Initiative” with India’s development strategies, and we hope India will actively join this great initiative of the century.

Chinese enterprises, provinces and cities are actively participating in development programs like “Make in India”, “Smart Cities”, “Skill India” and “Swachh Bharat”, and we are ready to assist India in developing civil nuclear energy. M o r e a n d m o r e C h i n e s e businessmen have come to invest in India , with an accumulated investment of over 4 billion US dollars while the bilateral trade volume between China and India has exceeded over 70 billion US dollars. Our two countries have become more and more interdependent economically, we are in the same supply chain, industry chain and value chain and have more cooperation than competition.

Two years ago, President Xi Jinping and Prime Modi reached an important agreement to open a new yatra route for official Indian yatris to visit Kalish and Manasarovar in Tibet through the Nitu La pass. There will be 350 Indian official yatris going through the new route this year. Everytime the yatris realize their life dreams, their eyes are filled with joyful tears. In the future, there will be more Indian yatris visiting Kalish and Manasarovar and you are welcome to join them.



There is a long indefinite boundary between China and India, but over the last decades, not a single shot has been made along it. This is a miracle in international relations, which reflects the wise leadership of our leaders and the discipline of our soldiers. We have signed the Agreement on the Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the Line of Actual Control in the India-China Border Areas, put in place a host of confidence building measures in the military and border defense areas. We have signed the Agreement between the Government of the Republ ic of India and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Political Parameters and Guiding Principles for the Settlement of the India-China Boundary Question and are talking on the framework for a settlement. The boundary question can only be solved through negotiation and must be effectively manged before final solution, we must not let the boundary question spill over into the overall picture of China-India friendship.

We may have different views on other issues in the bilateral relations, but we both believe we should adopt an attitude of mutual respect, u n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d mu t u a l accommodation, bear in mind the overall and long-term interests, keep patient and be confident. New Delhi is close to Beijing, it takes only 6 hours direct flight to reach each other. I really hope our government officials and military officers travel to and see more of each others’ country and engage in candid and effective dialogue. In coping with tough issues, we should not be driven by the public opinion or follow your feelings, I hope more operation space can be left for the diplomats.

On sensitive issues like defense and anti-terrorism, China and India also have exchange and cooperation mechanisms. Commanders of adjacent military areas have exchanged visits, Chinese warships have taken part in the International Fleet Review in India, our soldiers have trained together in the hand-in-

hand joint military exercise, and our leaders have sat together to discuss international situation. All these are unimaginable before, but we have a lot more to do together.

China and India has a historical ties of over 2000 years. As Prime Minister Modi said, China and India are like “one spirit, two bodies”. We are neighbors forever, as the famous Chinese scholar Ji Xianlin said, China and India are made to stand up in Asia together.

Someone used to ask the British mountaineer Mallory, the first person attempted to top the Mount Everest, “Why did you want to climb Mount Everest?” Mallory gave an unexpected but meaningful reply, “Because it’s there”.

If someone asks me: “why must China and India get along well”? My answer will be, because we are here.

Thank you!

WORLD FOCUS ON TWO SUMMITSby Cheng Guangzhong

The 11th G20 summit and the 8th BRICS summit will be held in the near future in China and India respectively.

From whatever perspective, the two summits are both held at the right time and right country. More than eight years since international financial crisis, especially since this year, world economic growth has been sluggish. American economic growth in the first half of this year

was far lower than expected and some emerging markets are still in recession. The whole world are worrying that where our economy will move forward, or whether there will be more “Black Swan” events like “Brexit”. Asia is emerging as a new center of global economy. China and India are now the second and the seventh largest economies in the world, whose economic growth rates rank the second and the first among the major economies, whose

contribution to the world economic growth rank the first and the third, respectively. When Asia, especially China and India, have become the major engines of world economy, the two upcoming two summits in Asia will naturally draw the attention of the whole world.

Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province of China, is the host city of G20 summit 2016, which is famous for the West Lake,



Longjing tea and beauties. President Xi Jinping has made it clear to the world that China’s general ideas of hosting the summit is innovation, reform and development. Under the theme of “Toward an Innovative, Invigorated, Interconnected and Inclus ive World Economy”, Hangzhou Summit is likely to achieve nearly 30 major results. In terms of the general direction, we will forge new impetus to promote the robust, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy through advocating innovation. We will come up with new proposals to resolve various difficulties faced by current economic and financial sectors through advancing structural reform. We will also explore a new prospect in leading the global implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through enhancing development

cooperation. At present, the preparatory work of the summit has been basically completed. It is believed that Hangzhou summit will s t r e n g t h e n t h e e c o n o m i c cooperation among the G20 members, as well as between the developed countries and the emerging market countries. It will promote the transition of the G20 from a crisis responding mechanism to a long term mechanism of global economic governance, which will bring confidence and hope to the weak world economy.

In the view of a Chinese diplomat, there are at least three significances of the BRICS summit to be held in Goa. First, Goa is famous for beach, seascape and shipping. Holding a summit there reflects the hospitality of the Indian people. Second, it shows that the

BRICS countries will unite together and plough though the waves, regardless of the negative voice toward BRICS. Third, as Goa is a colony of Europeans which was recovered by India in 1960s, holding a summit there demonstrates that India values independence and freedom and is willing to play a greater role in promoting more just and reasonable international order. Preparatory work of Goa summit is f o c u s e d o n d e v e l o p m e n t , digitization, urbanization and the people’s livelihood, including areas like agriculture, services, trade, customs, science, technology, drug control and health, which is in accordance with the development level and need of the BRICS countries. Taking smart city as an example, China, India and South Africa are all in the process of rapid urbanization. BRICS summit will

G20 Host City Hangzhou



help its members learn from each other and achieve common progress on urbanization. Besides, it is believed that the Goa summit will cer ta inly put forward good proposals on tackling common challenges and promoting common

development of the BRICS countries, as well as improving global governance.

As the focus of whole world, the two summits will definitely bring new momentum, confidence and

vision to the BRICS, Asia and the world.

(Mr.Cheng Guangzhong is the Minister counselor of Chinese Embassy in India )

Glimpse of Goa

MILITARY ATTACHE WANG XIAOJUN DELIVERED A SPEECH AT THE 89TH

ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY

Respected Commodore Raina,Respected Charge d’Affaires, Mr. Liu Jinsong,Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good Evening

It is my great honour to welcome all of you for joining us to celebrate the 89th Anniversary of

the Founding of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to India, Indian people and Armed


Forces for hosting me since I assumed the office one year and seven months ago.

2016 is an important year for Sino-India relations. In May, President of India, His Excellency Mr. Pranab Mukherjee paid a successful official visit to China. In September, Indian national leader is planning to attend the G20 Summit in Hang Zhou, China. In October, national leader of China will attend the BRICS Summit in Goa, India. On the military side, Defense Minister if India, Mr. Parrikar visited China in April with abundant fruits. It was my honor to accompany him to visit Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu. The Chiefs of Indian Army, Navy and Air Force are also planning to visit China in the near future. Besides, the 6th Hand in Hand Army Anti-Terror Joint

Training will be continued in India by the end of this year. Armed forces of China will continue to increase pragmatic cooperation and mutual trust with Indian counterpart.

It is China’s unshakable national commitment and strategic choice to take the road of peacefu l development. China unswervingly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and a national defense policy that is defensive in nature. It is also a strategic task of China’s modernization drive as well as a strong guarantee for China’s peaceful development to build a strong national defense and powerful armed forces which are commensurate wi th China ’s international standing and meet the needs o f i t s s e cu r i t y and development interests.

China f i r mly defend i ts territorial sovereign and maritime rights and interests. As for the so-called arbitration of South China Sea award case brought unilaterally by former Government of Philippines, China has stated tome and again its stand of non-acknowledgement, non-participation, non-acceptance clearly. China will never accept any kind of dispute settlement by third party and will never accept the settlement plans or ideas imposed upon China.

China will continue to talk directly with relevant parties and try the bests to solve the South China Sea dispute peacefully on the basis of respecting historical facts and international laws. China respects and supports the freedom and safety of navigation and over-flight in South China Sea according to



international law, and would like to cooperate with any other coastal countries and international society to ensure the Sea Lane in that area safe and unimpeded.

China’s Armed Forces have always been a staunch force upholding territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests as well as the world peace and regional stability. China has been one of the major countries to send its troops and offer f inancia l a ids to i n t e r n a t i o n a l p e a c e ke e p i n g operations. Last year, President Xi Jinping declared solemnly in the HQ of UN that China will join the new UN Peacekeeping capabi l i ty

readiness system, and has decided to lead in setting up a permanent peacekeeping police squad and build a peacekeeping standby force of 8000 troops.

China is one of the countries most vulnerable to natural disasters. China’s Armed Forces has acted as the shock force in emergency rescue and disaster relief. Even at this moment, numerous personnel of Chinese troops are still busy rescuing our people affected by floods, landslides in the area of Southern and Eastern parts of China. I think in this regard, our Indian colleagues would feel the same way, to try to evacuate Indian civilians affected by

frequent national disasters.

Being a soldier with more than 40 years of service in PLA, I am deeply moved by the courage, selflessness and dedication displayed by the men and women of the Armed Forces of our two countries. Let’s hail and salute them.

In closing, I sincerely wish the relationship between China and India continues to progress and our two armed forces everlasting relationship!

May you all be blessed with good health!

Thank you.



External Affairs

On July 25, 2016, Chinese President Xi Jinping called on China and the United States to effectively manage their differences and respect each other’ s core interests.

Xi made the remarks when meeting with U.S. National Security Advisor Susan Rice at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.

China-U.S. common interests

outweigh their differences, Xi said, noting that both sides needed more mutual trust and cooperation.

T h e g o a l o f C h i n a ’ s development is to benefit its 1.3

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CHINA FOCUS: XI CALLS ON CHINA, U.S. TO RESPECT EACH OTHER'S

CORE INTERESTS


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billion people, Xi said, reiterating that China had no intention of challenging the present international rules and order, and it will never seek hegemony.

Xi called on both sides to expand economic, trade and investment cooperation, as well as cooperation in climate change and international and regional affairs to make pragmatic cooperation a “ballast” in China-U.S. ties.

Rice said the United States agreed to work with China to strengthen mutual trust, enhance pragmatic cooperation and manage issues of difference through close communication.

Xi recalled his meetings with U.S. President Barack Obama over the past three years and the consensuses agreed upon.

The decision of the two sides to build a new model of major-country relations has produced many solid achievements in bilateral relations, Xi said.

Sino-U.S. relations should always stick to the principle of no-conflict, no-confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation, according to Xi.

China values ties with the United States and is willing to make joint efforts to make sure the relationship enjoys sustainable, steady growth, Xi said.

Rice said the U.S. side viewed its relationship with China as its most consequential ties today and China’s success is in line with America’s interest.

She called for more cooperation to deal with global challenges such as climate change.

This year’s G20 summit will be held in east China’s Hangzhou City in September.

Xi said he was looking forward to meeting with President Obama in Hangzhou in September, expressing his hope that the meeting will boost bilateral ties and direct the stable development of bilateral ties.

Xi called on China and the United States, as the world’s two biggest economies, to work together and make the summit a success, which will send a signal of confidence to the world and inject new vitality into the global economy.

Rice said President Obama was also looking forward to the G20 summit and the meeting with Xi.

When meeting with Rice on July 25 , Vice Chairman of China’s Central Military Commission Fan Changlong and Chinese State Councilor Yang Jiechi reiterated China’s position on the South China Sea issue and the deployment of Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

On July 12, the Arbitral Tribunal for the South China Sea arbitration issued its so-called award, which attempts to deny China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea.

China will continue to firmly safeguard its territorial sovereignty

and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, Yang said, noting that China opposes the award of the so-called arbitral tribunal in the South China Sea Arbitration.

China’s stance on the South China Sea issue is unshakable, Fan sa id , aff i r ming China ’s s t a u n c h p o s i t i o n o f n o n -acceptance and non-recognition of the award.

Fan said the Chinese military would continue to provide strong backing to safeguarding China’s national territorial sovereignty and security.

In mid July, the ROK’s defense ministry announced an agreement with the United States to deploy the U.S. missile defense system, THAAD, to its southeastern region d e s p i t e o p p o s i t i o n f r o m neighboring countries.

F a n s a i d t h e T H A A D deployment would directly damage China’s strategic security, escalate the tension in the Korean Peninsula and undermine China-U.S. mutual trust.

Yang urged the U.S. side to take China’s concern seriously and to halt the deployment of the U.S. anti-missile system in the ROK.

Rice said the United States was ready to work with China to properly manage and control differences to avo id mi sunder s t and ing o r miscalculation.

Rice is visiting China from July 24 to 27.


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On July 23 ,2016, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang held a “1+6” roundtable meeting with leaders of six major international economic and financial institutions at Fanghua Villa, Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing.

The six leaders are World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim, IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde, WTO Director-General Roberto Azevedo, ILO Director-

General Guy Ryder, OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurria and FSB Chairman Mark Carney.

During the first session, in-depth discussions were held on “global economic situation and challenges” with a focus on global economic policies, implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, revitalizing global trade, advancing structural reform, l a b o r m a r k e t p o l i c y a n d

international financial regulatory reform.

Premier Li said that now world economic recovery remains slow and global trade is sluggish. Meanwhile, the idea of “de-globalization” is emerging, as represented by protectionism and isolationism; geopolitical risks are increasing; and Britain’s exit from t h e E U h a s b r o u g h t n e w complexities to the world situation. This important roundtable is being

CHINESE PREMIER DISCUSSES WAYS TO MEET GLOBAL ECONOMIC CHALLENGES

WITH INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL LEADERS

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held at a time when the world economic development is at a crucial stage. Being the first collective dialogue between the Chinese government and major international economic and financial institutions, the roundtable demonstrates China’s r e a d i n e s s t o s t r e n g t h e n c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i t h t h e international community. We hope that all sides will have a correct reading of the development trend in the world, put forth good policies to spur world economic growth, and work together to promote economic recovery, stabilize the financial s e c t o r a n d g u i d e m a r k e t expectations. Premier Li raised the following five proposals at the roundtable:

First, step up macro-economic policy coordination. Under the current situation, all parties need to focus their policies on promoting

strong, sustainable and balanced growth, developing the economy and improving people’s lives. It is i m p o r t a n t t o s t r e n g t h e n coordination and make efforts to jointly promote world economic recovery.

Second, strike a balance between addressing the cyclical issues and structural problems, and between short-term and medium-to-long term challenges. We need to expand aggregate demand as appropriate, give priority to structural reform, and implement fiscal and monetary policies that help boost domestic demand and adjust economic structure. We need to ensure that consumption and the service sectors play a bigger role in driving economic growth, develop the new economy, and foster new drivers of growth.

Third, advance global trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. We are now faced with a sluggish global economy and weak global demand. Trade-restrictive measures will only aggravate the situation and slow down global recovery. They will in no way help solve problems or facil itate structural reform. We need to firmly support economic globalization, oppose protectionism in all forms, and uphold the dominant role of the multilateral trading system.

Fourth, promote inclusive growth. We need to promote deregulation, enhance competition and encourage innovation. We need to advance fiscal, financial and labor m a r k e t r e f o r m s , i m p r o v e infrastructure, and create more and better jobs. Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and efforts to


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promote inclusive growth should become the direction and important driving force for world economic recovery.Fifth, give better play to the role of the financial sector in supporting economic recovery. We need to s t rengthen macro-prudential regulation, improve supervision of cross-border capital flows, and prevent systemic financial risks. We also need to strengthen c o o r d i n a t i o n a n d s t a b i l i z e

expectation in the financial sector, so as to create an enabling environment for economic recovery.Leaders of major international economic and financial institutions spoke highly of China’s economic growth, which they believed played an active role in fac i l i ta t ing wor ld economic recovery. They pointed out that given the uncertainties in the world economy and increasing risks and challenges, all parties need to have

closer macro-economic policy c o o r d i n a t i o n , s t r e n g t h e n infrastructure development, and increase investment in human resources. Efforts must also be made to promote multilateral trade, improve the global financial system, and support the development of innovative, low-carbon and inclusive economy. Thus, a joint and positive signal will be sent of promoting growth through cooperation.

FULL TEXT: JOINT PRESS RELEASE ON

THE '1+6' ROUND TABLEThe following is the full text of

the joint press release of Premier Li Keqiang, World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim, IMF (International Monetary Fund) Managing Director Christine Lagarde, WTO (World Trade Organization) Director-General R o b e r t o A z e v e d o , I L O

(International Labor Organization) Director-General Guy Ryder, O E C D ( O r g a n i z a t i o n f o r Economic Cooperat ion and Development) Secretary-General Angel Gurria and FSB (Financial Stability Board) Chairman Mark Carney on the occasion of their meeting in Beijing, on July 22, 2016.

The global economy is sluggish and faced with downside risks and uncertainties. Recently, the IMF has lowered slightly its global growth forecast and flagged rising downside risks arising from higher economic and political uncertainty and increased volatility in some market segments. The World Bank lowered


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its forecast for global economic growth in 2016, and emphasized the need for greater urgency in implementing structural reforms to counte r s t rong er downs ide headwinds. The WTO has indicated uncertain near term global trade growth prospects and a challenging i n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a d e p o l i c y e n v i r o n m e n t w i t h r i s i n g protectionist measures, despite some positive developments. The ILO expects the expansion of the global economy to be too weak to close the employment and social gaps left by the international financial crisis. The OECD has pointed to declining productivity trends and uncertainties besetting future global growth. The FSB has noted that global economic and financial difficulties were increasing and structural challenges became more pronounced. Against this backdrop, it is critical to enhance international economic policy c o o r d i n a t i o n . Ta k i n g t h e opportunity of holding the G20 presidency this year, China is committed to fostering innovation and other new growth engines, deepening structural reform in particular on the supply-side, p romot ing i nve s tmen t and inf ras t r ucture deve lopment , implementing financial reform, advocating growth in trade, adding more and better jobs, advancing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and addressing other global challenges, in a bid to achieving stronger, sustainable and balanced growth for the global economy. During this process, we welcome stronger policy communication and ongoing cooperation between China and the World Bank Group, the IMF, the WTO, the ILO, the OECD and the FSB in the relevant areas. China

and international organizations participating in the Round-table (hereinafter referred to as “we”) reached the following consensus:

1. On the macro economy. We recognize that aggregate demand will remain weak in the short run, and it will take time for supply-side policies to show effects, so a comprehensive package of policies are needed to strike a good balance between short-term and long-term goals. Strong, combined and coordinated efforts are needed, including use of all policy tools - monetary, fiscal and structural - to deal with risks and uncertainties in the world economy, safeguard financial stability and support economic growth. Monetary policy should continue to support economic activity and ensure price stability. Fiscal policy should be flexible to promote growth, job creation and confidence, while ensuring fiscal sustainability. Moreover, where fiscal rules and frameworks allow, fiscal policy should be used to support structural reforms while preventing and mitigating fiscal risks. Structural reforms should be tailored to country needs-including their income levels, cyclical positions, and available policy space-and operate along with other policies to support growth. Implementation of agreed financial reforms remains important to boost the resilience of the financial system. Well-calibrated and effective communication of policy s tances wi l l he lp to boost conf idence, enhance po l icy effectiveness, and limit negative spillovers. China has taken the initiative to adapt to and guide the economic New Normal. While supporting aggregate demand,

China continues to strengthen the structural reform, especially the structural reform on the supply-side, break a path for growth, accelerate the shift of growth models from emphasizing size and speed to quality and efficiency, and boost sustained driving forces for growth. Against the backdrop of global economic slow-down, China maintained steady growth during the first half of 2016, registering 6.7% year-on-year. Economic structure h a s b e e n i m p r o v e d , a n d consumption and the service sector have become the major driving forces of the Chinese economy. The new economy featuring new technology, new products, new industries and new business models is growing rapidly, and industrial transformation and upgrading is advancing fast. We believe that the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain positive in the long run. With deepening reforms, and implementing tasks of reducing o v e r c a p a c i t y, d e s t o c k i n g , deleveraging, reducing cost and shoring up weak spots, the Chinese economy will achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth, and make a continuous contribution to global economic growth.

2.On structural reforms. We recognize the importance of structural reforms in dealing with the slowdown of global productivity growth and promoting steady, durable and inclusive recovery of global economy, which is also essential in realizing the ambition of the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth introduced by Chinese Presidency of G20. While country circumstances differ, there are shared directions of reform in g e n e r a l t e r m s , i n c l u d i n g


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d e r e g u l a t i o n , e n h a n c i n g c o m p e t i t i o n , e n c o u r a g i n g innovation, promoting fiscal reform, promoting trade and investment, strengthening the financial system, advancing labor market reform, improving infrastructure, enhancing environmental sustainability and promoting inclusive growth. The OECD and the IMF fully support the enhanced structural reform agenda as one of the priorities identified by Chinese Presidency of G20 this year. The international organization (IOs) also support G20 members’ efforts in developing a set of priority areas and guiding principles for structural reforms, as well as an indicator system to further improve assessing and monitoring of the progress of structural reforms and their adequacy to address structural challenges, and welcome the substantial progress that has been made in this regard. The OECD, the IMF and other IOs wi l l continue to contr ibute proactively to the work streams under the G20 Growth Framework, and tap into their expertise to provide valuable policy analysis and r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s f o r G 2 0 structural reforms. China will strengthen the cooperation with the IOs to jointly support the G20 plays an important role in further promoting the policy actions on structural reforms at both country and global level.

3.On innovation. We need to make efforts to foster new sources of growth such as innovation, new industrial revolution and the digital economy. We support the G20 developing action plans and guiding principles in these areas, and based on these working out the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth to

foster new drivers of the growth of the world economy. We also encourage G20 Task Forces covering the above areas to continue their work in this regard in order to ma in ta in cont inu i ty. Sound framework conditions and structural reforms are essential for rebalancing th e Ch ine s e e conomy and transitioning to a more sustainable, consumption-led and knowledge-based economy. On this basis, more efforts are needed to harness the d eve l o p m en t o p p o r tun i t i e s presented by the new industrial revolution and make more people benefit from it. Actions in the intertwined areas of innovation and the digital economy, including investing in the new technologies and skills in the direction of future development, can provide valuable support for new sources of growth — boosting productivity gains, opening new markets, meeting unaddressed needs and tapping into new sources of human endeavor. Innovation is a key driver of productivity, growth and wellbeing: in a context of demographic change and diminishing returns on capital, it will become even more important in the future as a source of long-term growth, while digitalization is reshaping economies and offering new ways to spur efficiencies and improve services across all facets of life. The OECD will continue to s u p p o r t t h e d e l i v e r y a n d implementation of an innovation-driven growth path.

4.On trade and investment. Trade can play an enhanced role in creating jobs, sustaining economic growth and prosperity. We call upon members to keep RTAs transparent, inclusive and open to participation by others. They should ensure that

their RTAs are not only consistent with WTO rules, but also help to strengthen the overall trading system. The multilateral trading system should maintain its role as the main channel for trade liberalization and facilitation, with the WTO promoting coherence across the global system.

We welcome the success of the WTO Bali and Nairobi Ministerial Conferences and urge rapid implementation of the outcomes, in particular the Trade Facilitation Agreement and the elimination of agricultural export subsidies. We strongly support advancing post-Nairobi negotiations on remaining Doha issues, with development at its centre and in a spirit of solidarity and mutual trust. We encourage WTO Members to explore new issues where further cooperation could contribute substantially to global trade and prosperity, including those brought by changing business models and technical development.

We welcome cont inuous progress made by G20 in trade and investment areas, including stronger functions of G20 in coordinating trade and investment policy. We also welcome the first release of World Trade Outlook Index by the WTO at the G20 Trade Ministers Meeting, as well as the monitoring reports by WTO, OECD and UNCTAD on trade and investment measures taken by the G20 members. We note with concern that trade-restrictive measures continue to rise in the context of global trade slowdown and urge to step up vigilance against protectionism.

5. On labour and employment. The current global outlook for jobs


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is mixed with slower growth leading to weaker prospects for employment and wages in many countries. Rising inequality and the risk of setbacks to the global drive to reduce poverty, make policy initiatives to increase opportunities for decent work a p r i o r i t y . L a b o u r m a r k e t developments were more positive in China and some other large economies than the rest of the world. Structural changes in employment continued and could a c c e l e r a t e a s a r e s u l t o f technological innovation, increased interdependence and the need for environmental protection. Policies that promote strong, sustainable and balanced growth play a vital role in managing adjustment and will remain key drivers in mitigating adverse and maximizing positive effects of labour market changes. The prominence accorded to decent work and inclusive growth in the 2030 Agenda means the multilateral system must further strengthen the coherence of its policies for jobs and growth to reach Sustainable Development Goals.

China’ s economic growth has now entered the phase of “New Normal” , and needs to address the s t r u c t u r a l m i s m a t c h e s i n employment. Upholding the conviction that employment is the foundation of the livelihoods of the people, the Government of China is implementing the Employment First S t r a t e g y a n d m o r e a c t i v e employment policy, forging ahead with continuous reforms to streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services, and promoting mass en t repreneursh ip and innovation. The Government is also working hard to develop vocational

education and training and improve the social protection system. Along with sustaining a medium-high growth rate and upgrading the economy to the medium- and high-end in China, the Government has created more jobs, and improved job structure. Together with its social partners, the Government of China has made positive contributions to international labour governance and the south-south cooperation of the ILO. The Government stands ready to strengthen cooperation with the international community including the ILO, and will play an even bigger role in realizing inclusive growth and decent work for all.

6. On financial regulatory reform. Notwithstanding the improvement in resilience brought about by post-crisis financial reforms, the global financial system faces pronounced risks, which could be amplified by the slow-down in global growth. Therefore, China, as a member of the FSB, will continue to firmly support the FSB’ s efforts in maintaining the stability of the global financial system, improving the financial regulation coordination framework and enhancing global financial system resilience. We call for full, consistent and timely implementation of agreed reforms, which are aimed at delivering an open and resilient system able to fund investment, trade and growth. We look forward to the coordinated work by the IMF, FSB and BIS to take stock of internat ional experience with macro-prudential framework and tools, to help promote effective macro-prudential policies. The increase in market-based finance and the emergence of the digital economy have the potential to be an engine of

p r o d u c t i v i t y, i n t e r n a t i o n a l connectivity and growth. We strongly support the work of the FSB to identify new and emerging risks and their efforts to promote international cooperation such that the potential of innovations can be realized in a stable and resilient fashion.

7 . O n s u s t a i n a b l e development. The 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda is a critical c o m p o n e n t o f p r o m o t i n g inclusive, sustainable growth. We call for countries actively design and implement country plans based on their respective national conditions. Economic growth is the foundation to end poverty and hung er. For g rowth to be sustainable, all members of society must share in the benefits of growth. Ensuring rapid economic g rowth requires : promoting economic transformation and upgrading; implementing policies to mainta in macroeconomic stability; proper and effective investments in infrastructure; and improving business environment for private enterprise to thrive orderly and create jobs. In addition, countries should adopt other p o l i c i e s i n c l u d i n g g r e a t e r investment in education and health, to ensure that benefits reach all segments of society by promoting equa l oppor tun i ty - inc lud ing g e n d e r e q u i t y. W i t h r a p i d technolog ica l change, ea r l y childhood education takes on particular importance, as it will determine the capabilities of future workers to thrive in a labor market likely to be very different from that of today. A judicious use of safety nets not only protects those that cannot benefit from current


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growth, but also help the poor build the assets they need for future prosperity. We applaud and support China’ s efforts, as the G20 pres idency, to promote the development of action plans to implement 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, launch the industrial initiative to support African and least-developed countries, so as to help developing countries to achieve inclusive growth. To achieve SDGs, all parties should take prompt efforts to address increasingly pronounced global chal lenges, including pandemics and other global public health risks (e.g. Zika; Ebola; and antimicrobial resistance), conflict and forced migration, and climate change/weather-related calamities.

8 . On g loba l economic governance. We acknowledge the need to, with the developments of world economy, continuously improve and reform international economic governance system and to increase the representation and voice of emerging economies and developing countries. During this process, the IOs welcome China to continue to play a constructive role. Global challenges, global public goods and coordinated global action

require global governance and effective global organizations suited for their tasks.

We reaffirm our commitment to maintain a strong, quota-based, and adequately resourced IMF. We support a fully equipped IMF for it to fulfill its responsibilities in this very uncertain financial and economic time. The implementation of the 2010 Reforms early this year marks an important milestone in moving forward the IMF’ s quota and g overnance refor m. I t significantly increased the IMF’ s core resources, and also improved the IMF’ s governance by better reflecting the increasing role of dynamic emerging and developing countries in the global economy. More than 6 percent quota shares shifted to dynamic emerging market and developing countries and also from over-represented to under-represented members. We look forward to the completion of the 15th General Review of Quotas by the 2017 Annual Meetings, including a new quota formula. We reaffirm that any realignment in quota shares under the 15th review is expected to result in increased shares for dynamic economies in line with their relative positions in the world

economy, and hence likely in the share of emerging market and developing countries as a whole. The IMF should continue exploring ways to strengthen the Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN), with the IMF at its center, including through more effective cooperation with regional f inancing ar rangements and improving its lending toolkit. We support the examination of a broader use of the SDR to enhance the resilience of the international monetary system (IMS). We look forward to the outcomes of the World Bank Group’ s shareholding review in accordance with the roadmap and timeframe agreed at the 2015 World Bank Group Annual meetings.

We agreed that this meeting was constructive and fruitful. The participants agreed that the round-table should become a regular mechanism, so as to strengthen ties between China and international o r g a n i z a t i o n s , d e e p e n communication and cooperation in the international economic and financial arena, and jointly explore responses to global economic challenges. We agreed to hold the 2nd round-table at an appropriate time and place.

CHINA, ASEAN NATIONS SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR OWN REGIONAL

PEACE, STABILITY: CHINESE FMChina and the Association of

Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) should be responsible for promoting peace and stability in their own region or the East Asia, Chinese

Foreign Minister Wang Yi said on July 25 ,2016 .

“Outside intervention is one of the root causes for turbulence in

many regions of the world,” he told his counterparts from 10 ASEAN members amid the 49th ASEAN foreign ministers’ meeting in the Lao capital.


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Outsiders can withdraw if turbulence emerges in a region, leaving the regional countries having to deal with the aftermath, the Chinese top diplomat warned.

Countries in East Asia have managed to maintain peace and achieve development through concerted efforts by all countries in the region.

“We should hold the key to promoting regional peace and stability in our own hands,” he added.

Nations in the region also welcome all countries with goodwill playing a constructive role in

enhancing regional peace and development, said the Chinese top diplomat.

As for China-ASEAN ties, he is hopeful that both China and ASEAN nations could jointly build a community of common destiny.

The Chinese minister set six priority areas for the further development of China-ASEAN relations.

Both sides should jointly make a commemorative summit marking the 25th anniversary of China-ASEAN dialogue relationship a success, and push forward pragmatic cooperation such as the upgraded

version of the China-ASEAN free trade area (FTA).

Wang hoped that China and ASEAN nations could strive to boost cultural and people-to-people cooperation as a new pillar for bilateral strategic partnership, adding that China is willing to sign a treaty of good-neighborliness, friendship and cooperation with ASEAN.

The two sides could also further promote the ASEAN integration based on the Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism and jointly safeguard peace and stability in the region.


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On August 4, 2016, China vowed to deepen economic and trade cooperat ion with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

The pledge was made during the 15th China-ASEAN (10+1) economic ministers’ meeting which was held here in the Lao capital on August 4 ,2016 .

Speaking at the meeting, Chinese Minister of Commerce Gao Hucheng highlighted the fruitful cooperation between China and ASEAN over the past 25 years.

He said bilateral cooperation in trade and economy has all along been a “ballast” and “propeller” in C h i n a - A S E A N d i a l o g u e relationship.

Pointing out that there is immense potential for cooperation in industrial capacity between China and ASEAN, the Chinese minister called for more efforts in this regard and building cross-border industrial chains.

China stands ready to work with ASEAN on cluster cooperation in such fields as railway, information and communication, chemical industry, engineering machinery and agriculture, he said, adding that enterprises from both sides are encouraged to carry out all-round cooperation.

The Chinese minister called for greater synergy between China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative and development strategies of ASEAN member countries.

He said the two sides should actively implement projects in related areas for mutual benefit and win-win results.

G a o e x p r e s s e d C h i n a ’s willingness to support ASEAN’s community construction and the ASEAN Community Vision 2025 as well as to participate in the region’s integration.

He said China will continue to provide development assistance as its capacity allows and help narrow the development gaps between ASEAN member countries.

China will also participate in the formulation and implementation of the master plan on ASEAN’s connectivity and its post-2015 agenda, he added.

CHINA VOWS TO DEEPEN ECONOMIC, TRADE COOPERATION WITH ASEAN


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According to Gao, China will vigorously promote China-East ASEAN Growth Area cooperation a n d t h e L a n c a n g - M e k o n g cooperation and provide financial support via platforms like China-ASEAN Investment Cooperation Fund, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund.

China will support ASEAN’s centrality in pushing forward the conclusion of negotiations for the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) by the end of this year, he said.

China is also willing to expand cooperation areas with ASEAN by supporting economic and trade cooperation between China’s

provincial areas and ASEAN member countries, he added.

A joint communique on industrial capacity cooperation was approved at the meeting and it will be submitted to a commemorative s u m m i t m a r k i n g t h e 2 5 t h anniversary of China-ASEAN dialogue relationship in September this year

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CHINESE PRESIDENT TO HOST HANGZHOU G20 SUMMIT

Chinese President Xi Jinping will host the Group of 20 (G20) summit scheduled for Sept. 4-5 in China’s eastern city of Hangzhou, the Foreign Ministry announced on August 15, 2016.

Xi will also attend relevant events, including an informal meet ing wi th other BRICS members’ leaders, and deliver a keynote speech on the opening ceremony of the Business 20 (B20) summit to be held on Sept. 3-4, said

C h i n e s e Fo r e i g n M i n i s t r y spokesman Lu Kang in a press release.

This year’s G20 summit features a theme of “Toward an Innovative, Invigorated, Interconnected and Inclusive World Economy.”


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China hopes the Group of 20 (G20) summit in Hangzhou in September will spur new global economic growth, a Chinese official said on August 15 in Beijing.

China will put forward a blueprint for innovation-driven growth at this year’s summit in Hangzhou, capital of east China’s Zhejiang Province, to find new drivers of global growth, Vice Foreign Minister Li Baodong said at a press briefing.

Innovation, introduced on the G20 agenda for the first time, is “the key for boosting global economic potential,” said Yao Zhizhong, a professor with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

China also hopes to promote structural reform, improve global economic and financial governance, strengthen financial, tax, energy and anti-corruption cooperation and revitalize trade and investment at the summit, Li said.

The summit is also expected to focus on developing countries, implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and s u p p o r t f o r A f r i c a ’ s industrialization.

The summit will have the best representation of developing countries in G20 history. China has invited a record number of developing countries, including Chad, chair of the African Union; Laos, chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN); Senegal , chair of the New P a r t n e r s h i p f o r A f r i c a ’ s Development (NEPAD); Egypt; and Kazakhstan.

China has said it will push for the adoption of a global trade growth strategy to reverse the downward trend in global trade growth and lay out guiding principles for global investment policies to facilitate cross-border investment.

“The summit will further focus on dealing with pressing risks facing the global economy and financial market,” Zhu Guangyao, China’s vice finance minister, said at the press briefing.

China has called on G20 m e m b e r s t o r e f r a i n f r o m competit ive devaluation and facilitated discussions on the foreign exchange market within the G20 framework, the first time in G20

history, to build confidence in the market, said Yi Gang, vice governor of the People’s Bank of China (PBOC).

On financial reform, the summit w i l l p roduce ou tcomes on establishing an open and prudent financial system, setting up a macroprudential policy framework and developing inclusive finance, Yi said.

Since assuming the G20 presidency, China has done a lot to promote international economic governance reform, including restarting the International Financial Architecture Working Group to improve international financial governance.

China has put green financing on the G20 agenda for the first time to mobilize more investment in environmentally friendly projects. The G20 has set up a research team on the issue based on a proposal by China.

“The summit will release the first report on G20 green financing, specifying its definition, purpose, scope and challenges,” said Yi.

G20 SUMMIT AIMS TO SPUR NEW ECONOMIC GROWTH

THE G20 LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT MINISTERIAL MEETING HELD IN BEIJING

On July 12th and 13th, 2016, the G20 Labour and Employment Ministerial Meeting was held at Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing. Chinese Vice Premier Ma

Kai attended the welcome session and delivered a speech. Around 300 participants, including labour and employment ministers from G20 economies and 6 invited countries,

and delegates from international organizations, such as ILO and OECD, attended this meeting.

As one of the sectora l


ministerial meeting in support of the G20 Hangzhou Summit, the theme of this meeting was “Innovation and Inclusive Growth: Decent Work, Enhanced Employability and Adequate Job Opportunities”. Ministers had in-depth discussions on the challenges to the labour markets from global izat ion, t echno log ica l p rog ress and

demographic change, and agreed on a set of policy recommendations on employment generat ion and workforce skills enhancement. The meeting adopted the Ministerial Meeting Declaration with 5 outcome A n n e x e s , i n c l u d i n g G 2 0 Entrepreneurship Action Plan and G20 Initiative to Promote Quality

Apprenticeship.

A social dialogue session was organized between the labour and employment ministers with social partners (B20 and L20) and other engagement groups (T20, W20, Y20 and C20) prior to the ministerial meeting.

THE THIRD G20 FINANCE MINISTERS AND CENTRAL BANK GOVERNORS MEETING IN

2016 HELD IN CHENGDUThe th i rd G20 F inance

Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting under the Chinese Presidency was held in Chengdu on July 23-24, 2016. The meeting was co-chaired by Mr. Lou

Jiwei, Finance Minister of China and Mr. Zhou Xiaochuan, Governor of the People’s Bank of China. The meeting was also the last G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Gover nor s Mee t ing be fo re

Hangzhou Summit. Ministers and Governors d iscussed i ssues concerning global economy, framework for strong, sustainable and balanced growth, international financial architecture, investment

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and infrastructure, financial sector reform, international tax, green finance, climate finance, and anti-terrorist financing, and endorsed the key outcomes under each subject. A communiqué was released after the meeting.

At the meeting, Ministers and Governors agreed that the global economic recovery continues but remains weaker than desirable, and downside risks persist. The outcome of the referendum on the UK’s membership of the EU adds to the uncertainty in the global economy. Members of the G20 are well positioned to proactively address the potential economic and financial consequences stemming from the UK referendum, and hope to see the UK as a close partner of the EU in the future. Ministers and Governors pointed out that members of the G20 are taking actions to foster confidence and support growth, and reiterated their determination to use all policy tools – monetary, fiscal and structural – individually and collectively to achieve their goal of

strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. Ministers and Governors affirmed commitment that monetary policy will continue to support economic activity and ensure price stability. Underscoring the essential role of structural reforms, Ministers and Governors emphasized their fiscal strategies are equally important to support their common g rowth object ives. Ministers and Governors committed to continuing to explore policy options, tailored to country circumstances, that G20 countries may undertake as necessary. Ministers and Governors reaffirmed that they will consult closely on exchange markets, refrain from competitive devaluations, not target exchange rates for competitive purposes, and resist all forms of protectionism.

Ministers and Governors endorsed the Enhanced Structural Reform Agenda, developed a set of guiding principles based on the nine priority areas of structural reforms agreed in April, and agreed upon a

set of indicators to help monitor and assess their progress with structural reforms. Ministers and Governors pointed out that the G20 are making further progress towards the implementation of their growth strategies, and their updated growth strategies and an accountability report will be finalized before the Hangzhou Summit. Ministers and Governors committed to making further efforts to revitalize global trade and lift investment, striving to reduce excessive imbalances, and promoting greater inclusiveness in the G20’s pursuit of economic growth.

Ministers and Governors welcomed the commitments made in the “Joint Declaration of Aspirations on Actions to Support Infrastructure Investment” by 11 MDBs which includes their announcements of quantitative ambitions commitments, launched t h e G l o b a l I n f r a s t r u c t u r e Connectivity Alliance and endorsed the G20/OECD Guidance Note on Diversif icat ion of Financial

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Instruments for Infrastructure and SMEs. Ministers and Governors s u p p o r t e d t h e e f f e c t i v e implementation of the G20/OECD P r i n c i p l e s o f C o r p o r a t e Governance, and G20/OECD High-level Principles on SME Financing.

Ministers and Governors endorsed the recommendations towards further strengthening the international financial architecture (IFA) developed by the IFA Working Group, committed to further strengthening the Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN) with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) at its center, and welcomed the upcoming CMIM-IMF joint test run. Ministers and Governors looked forward to the completion of the 15th General Review of Quotas, including a new quota formula, by the 2017 Annual Meetings, and supported the WBG to implement its shareholding review according to the agreed roadmap and timeframe. Ministers and Governors supported the continued effort to incorporate the enhanced contractual clauses into sovereign bonds. Ministers and Governors supported the Paris Club’s discussion of a range of sovereign debt issues, the ongoing work of the Paris Club, as the principal international forum for restructuring official bilateral debt, towards the broader inclusion of emerging creditors, and welcomed China’s regular participation in Paris Club meetings and intention to play a more constructive role, including further discussions on potential membersh ip. Min i s te rs and Governors supported to continue to improve the analysis and monitoring of capital flows and management of risks stemming from excessive

capital flow volatility, and supported examination of the broader use of the Special Drawing Right (SDR).

Ministers and Governors pointed out that recent market turbulence and uncertainty have once aga in h ighl ighted the importance of building an open and resilient financial system and they remain committed to finalizing remaining critical elements of the regulatory framework and the timely, full and consistent implementation of the agreed financial reforms. Ministers and Governors welcomed the ongoing joint work by the international organizations to take stock of international experiences with macroprudential frameworks and tools. Ministers and Governors endorsed the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion, the updated version of the G20 Financial Inclusion Indicators, and the implementation framework of the G20 Action Plan on SME Financing. Ministers and Governors called upon all relevant and interested countries and jurisdictions that have not yet committed to the BEPS package to do so and join the framework on an equal footing, and endorsed the proposals made by the OECD on the objective criteria to identify non-cooperative jurisdictions with respect to tax transparency. M i n i s t e r s a n d G o v e r n o r s emphasized the importance of pro-growth tax policies and tax certainty, and asked the OECD and the IMF to continue working on the issues. M i n i s t e r s a n d G o v e r n o r s condemned, in the strongest possible terms, the recent terrorist attacks, and reaffirmed their solidarity and resolve in the fight against terrorism in all its forms and

will tackle all sources, techniques and channels of terrorist financing. Ministers and Governors agreed that green investment and green finance should be promoted to support global sustainable growth, and welcomed the G20 Green Finance Synthesis Report submitted by the Green Finance Study Group (GFSG) and the voluntary options developed by the GFSG. Ministers and Governors welcomed the Climate Finance Study Group’s (CFSG) Report on “Promoting Efficient and Transparent Provision and Mobilization of Climate Finance to Enhance Ambition of Mitigation and Adaptation Actions”, and would continue working on climate finance in 2017 with the objective to contribute to the discussions held under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Minister Lou Jiwei stated that although recent events around the world have not resulted in big shock for financial markets, there is little room for optimism. Low global growth has become a new normal and the root cause of many problems, escalating social and economic conflicts. Under these circumstances, it is necessary for G20 members to strengthen cooperation, reiterate consensus reached at the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting in Shanghai, and continue to use all policy tools – monetary, fiscal and structural –to foster confidence and strengthen g r o w t h . F i r s t l y , d e m a n d management po l i cy i s s t i l l important. As the marginal effects of monetary policy are diminishing, more pro-growth fiscal policy should be implemented. Countries

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with fiscal space need to scale up spending. Secondly, structural reforms are needed in response to low growth tendency. Advanced economies should continue to improve labor market elasticity, and p r o m o t e i n v e s t m e n t a n d productivity growth. Emerging economies should strengthen e c o n o m i c r e s i l i e n c e , r e l a x regulation, promote competition, and carry forward financial sector reform. Thirdly, it is important to continue support for economic globalization, resist all forms of protectionism, and restrain the use of trade restrictions. Fourthly, relevant countries need to address current challenges. It is hoped that the UK will be a close partner of the EU, which will send positive signals to the world and stabilize market expectations for the economic outlook.

According to Minister Lou Jiwei, during the first half of this year, China’s GDP grew by 6.7%, and key indicators were in line with expectations. Major progress has been made in structural adjustments, and the quality of economic growth has been improved. The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 54.1%, the contribution of final consumption to GDP reached 73.4%, and the contribution of domestic demand to GDP increased to 110.4%. Energy consumption per unit of GDP declined by 5.2% year on year. In par t icu lar, the employment situation remained stable, with 7.17 million jobs created during the first half of this year. China’s economy is still the “driver” and “anchor” of the global e c o n o m y. I n 2 0 1 5 , C h i n a contributed roughly 30% to global economic growth. The contribution

rate is expected to remain at a relatively high level this year.

Minister Lou Jiwei pointed out that the G20 has made a new and significant step in structural reform agenda. A framework has been initially established to provide policy recommendations and assessment methods for the G20 enhanced structural reform agenda and improve the coordination and effectiveness of members’ reform actions. The G20 will adjust the structural reform framework over time to take into account changing circumstances and support strong, sustainable and balanced growth.

Governor Zhou Xiaochuan stated that the Chinese economy maintained a stable growth while making some progress in the first half of this year. The economic growth was within reasonable range. The price and employment level was basically stable. China’s economic performance faced a more complex external environment after the UK’s r e f e r e n d u m . T h e C h i n e s e government has maintained the s tab i l i ty and cont inu i ty of macroeconomic policies while actively promoted supply-side structural reform, which is the only way to address the structural problems such as overcapacity. After a period of adjustment, market participants now have a deeper understanding of the RMB exchange rate regime. The RMB exchange rate against currency baskets is now basically stable, and market confidence has been boosted. Looking forward, we will continue to improve the RMB exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand and with reference to currency baskets, make

our policies more rule-based and transparent , and strengthen communication with the market.

Governor Zhou Xiaochuan noted that a lot of progress has been made since the IFA working group was restored. The G20 should continue to advance the 15th General Quota Review, with a further increase in the quota shares of emerging market and developing countries. Continuous efforts need to be made in promoting the inc lus ion of the enhanced contractual clauses. The Paris Club’s ongoing work towards the broader inclusion of emerging creditors is welcome. Further work is needed to enhance the cooperation between the IMF and Regional Financing Arrangements (RFAs) and improve the IMF toolkit. The use of the SDR should also be broadened. The People’s Bank of China has released its BOP and IIP data in the SDR, and has been studying the possibility of the issuance of SDR-denominated bonds in China.

Governor Zhou Xiaochuan stressed that recent years had witnessed notable progress in financial sector reform, and the global financial system had become more resilient. The G20 should remain committed to building an open, strong and resilient financial s y s t e m , i n c l u d i n g f u r t h e r implementing global financial sector reform agenda, promoting the effort to take stock of and summarize experiences with macro-prudential f rameworks and tools, and strengthening the regulation and oversight of financial market infrastructures. He noted that the G20 had made positive progress in developing digital financial inclusion

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and financial inclusion indicators and data. Next, efforts should be made to further promote financial inclusion so as to enable economic growth outcomes to benefit all.

Governor Zhou Xiaochuan introduced that the G20 Green

Finance Study Group (GFSG) has achieved preliminary results and completed the G20 Green Finance Synthesis Report. Based on country circumstances, all GFSG members have studied in depth on how to mobilize more resources through financial innovation, knowledge

sharing and capacity building, risk a n a l y s i s a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l cooperation, which could provide useful references for promoting the global development of green finance.

WORLD EXPECTS G20 SUMMIT TO REVIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH,

EYE CHINA'S LEADERSHIPHangzhou, China, Aug. 5

(Xinhua) — As the Group of 20 (G20) summit is a month away, people worldwide are expecting leaders to promote global economic recovery and enhance the role of emerging economies, especially China, the second-largest economy and chair of the G20 this year.

“For us Europe, the urgent priority is to get through the economic crisis,” said Melinda Brindicci, an employee in tourism industr y f rom Rome, I ta ly. “Employment problem of Italy and other European countries, especially related to young people, awaits to be solved.”

John Meagher, a real estate agent from Melbourne, Australia, also turned his eyes to the mire in Europe. “There is obviously a lot of doubt what’s going to take place in Europe with the Brexit, and it’s probably going to be on the top of the (G20) agenda.”

Meagher is echoed by several other people, who also showed their

interest in seeing how new British Prime Minister Theresa May would deal with her country’s departure from the EU and how she would participate in the G20 summit.

“The economy of developed nations is not working well, with many of them having negative interest rates,” said Argentine financial analyst Luis, who only gave his first name. “Emerging markets still play an important role in global economy.” He said that bulk commodity exporters such as Argentina and Brazil will continue to play their parts.

On China’s role in global economic growth, Meagher said, “China is performing well, better than most of the international economists had predicted.” He added that the Australian economy is performing well as a direct result of what’s happening in China.

With Europe largely impacted by the Brexit, and the United States in election year, China is the one country that has the largest potential

to lead the world economy, said Mauricio Santolo, an international relations professor with Rio de Janeiro State University in Brazil.

Santolo said China has a broad domestic market and is politically stable, so it has the capacity to lead other countries, especially the BRICS and other developing countries to enact new policies that would facilitate economic recovery.

Stephan Perry, chairman of Britain’s 48 Group Club, also noted that as China is the current G20 president and the meetings are being held in the country, the world has to look to China for leadership at the meeting of the G20 leaders.

It would be interesting to see how developing and developed countries get to sit comfortably with each other, show respect to each other, and hear each other at the upcoming summit, Perry said.

“In the past, the developed nations have tended to take the developing nations a little bit for

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granted, now because of the need for global growth, there is a requirement for developed nations to listen more carefully to the problems and challenges of the developing world,” he said.

For the developing world, the upcoming summit does seem a good opportunity to play a better role.

Arjun Prasad Saha, CEO of Linuo Co.’s India branch, said that India could ask other G20 members to bring more investment to the country and make good use of its manpower. He hopes G20 leaders

can talk about technology sharing and transfer.

The Argentine financial analyst said that he cares about how his country can make full use of the G20 agenda, reach better cooperation agreements with more countries, and better integrate into the world economy and world governance.

Perry of Britain, however, noted that even though developed countries now have to take account of the developing countries and listen to their voices, developing countries cannot just ask for money.

“That is no longer a basis for policy.”

“They can say we need better infrastructure, we need better support of aid and financial terms in order to build infrastructure, and we need to have better terms of trade between raw materials and finished goods, now I think the developed nations are beginning to hear that,” he said.

“There’s a developing respect, but I think it still needs to take a few more years,” Perry said.

INTERVIEW: G20 SUMMIT A CHANCE TO SHOW CHINA'S VIEW ON GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT: RUSSIAN EXPERT

Moscow, Aug. 6 (Xinhua) — The 2016 Group of 20 (G20) summit to be held in the Chinese city of Hangzhou in early September will give the country a great chance to present and promote its ideas on global development, a Russian expert has said.

China’s “One Belt One Road” initiative, which aims to promote infrastructure construction in countries along its way and push forward the economic development of the whole region, would be a key discussion at the summit, said Alexey Maslov, head of the Oriental Studies Department at the Russian Higher School of Economics Research.

“I think the debate will be more about the ways of developing the infrastructure ... about who will be the leader of infrastructure

restructuring,” he told Xinhua in a recent interview.

Maslov also suggested that China should find its own approach on promoting its idea of a green economy, which is not only environmentally friendly, but also free from corruption and from any external influence.

“China is doing the right thing, by not just defending itself from alleged charges (of non-compliance with environmental regulations), but creating its own concept and inviting others to join,” he said.

The discussion on green e c o n o m y s h o u l d a l s o b e concent ra ted on count r i e s ’ investment capacities and the sustainable growth of the world economy, especially considering the current complex and multilateral economic crisis, Maslov said.

The expert hoped the G20 summit would consider methods to stimulate the economy, facilitate foreign trade, remove customs barriers, and promote interaction between countries in creating free t r a d e z o n e s o r c o m m o n development zones.

Maslov said the G20 summit could lead to greater freedom of trade and play a more responsible role in resolving global economic problems, adding that technology transfers should also be facilitated among countries.

According to Maslov, it is more important for the summit to “show that countries share common concerns and see common problems and trends,” rather than providing final solutions.

He stressed that the G20 summit has to become a real

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working body, not just a platform for discussion.

“How China will be able to consolidate the views of different parties is a great question and a great responsibility,” he said.

“Perhaps, only China is capable in today’s world of making different countries with different methods of regulating economies to sit at the negotiating table, to make them try and work out a common solution,” said Maslov.

By implementing a “fairly correct” model of economic structural reform, China has proved its strong political will to the world, he said.

“But the state of the economy, both Chinese and Asian in general,

r e q u i r e s t h e m o s t r a p i d implementation of these reforms,”

Maslov added.

File photo taken on May 24, 2016 shows an aerial view of expressways linking Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport at night in Hangzhou, east China's Zhejiang Province.

Hangzhou Volunteer

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South China Sea

Vientiane, July 26 (Xinhua) — Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi has called for an end to the political manipulation and sensationalization of the South China Sea issue.

Wang also urged related parties to get back to the right track of implementing the Declaration on

the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC), which was signed in November 2002 as a code of conduct for all parties involved in the South China Sea issue.

Wang made the call at a press briefing Monday following his m e e t i n g w i t h t h e f o r e i g n

m i n i s t e r s o f t h e m e m b e r countries of the Association of S o u t h e a s t A s i a n N a t i o n s (ASEAN) — Brunei, Cambodia, I n d o n e s i a , L a o s, M a l ay s i a , Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, The Philippines and Vietnam — in the Lao capital.

South China Sea

CHINESE FM CALLS FOR END TO POLITICIZATION OF SOUTH CHINA SEA

ISSUE, URGES PARTIES TO RETURN TO NEGOTIATIONS

South China Sea


END TO POLITICIZATION OF SOUTH CHINA SEA ISSUE

Wang said the so-called award rendered recently by an ad hoc tribunal handling the South China Sea arbitration is tantamount to filling a wrong prescription for the South China Sea disputes.

T h e f o r m e r P h i l i p p i n e government, headed by Benigno Aquino III, unilaterally initiated the South China Sea arbitration in 2013. The move has violated the Philippines’ standing agreement with China to settle relevant disputes through bilateral negotiation, violated China’s right to choose means of dispute settlement of its own will as a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and abused the UNCLOS dispute settlement procedures.

The ad hoc tribunal issued an award on July 12, siding with Manila’s cunningly packaged claims and denying China’s long-standing historic rights in the South China Sea.

“The Philippines’ territorial claim over part of Nansha Qundao is groundless from the perspectives

of either history or international law,” the Chinese government said in a white paper issued on July 13.

“ T h e a r b i t r a l t r i b u n a l established at the Philippines’ unilateral request has no jurisdiction over relevant submissions, and awards rendered by it are null and void and have no binding force,” said the document.

Wa n g s a i d t h e w r o n g prescription has led to increasingly hot ballyhoo over the arbitration and some countries outside the region have become extremely excited, as if running an unabated high fever.

The normal regional order and the overall interests of the regional countries have been undermined, he added.

In his meeting with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry on the sidelines of the ASEAN foreign ministers’ meeting Monday, Wang said he expected the United States to take steps to support China and the Philippines in resuming their talks over the South China Sea issue.x The United States will not take a position on an arbitral ruling of the South China Sea arbitration case, Kerry said, adding that his country

supports the resumption of talks between China and the Philippines.

In a separate meeting with his Japanese counterpart, Fumio Kishida, on Monday, Wang said Japan, which is not a claimant in the South China Sea disputes, should avoid interfering in and hyping up the maritime spats.

Ch ina ha s a lway s been maintaining the freedom of navigation in the South China Sea, Wang said.

RETURN TO NEGOTIATIONS

According to Wang, all foreign ministers agreed at the meeting that the South China Sea disputes are not an issue between China and ASEAN and the disputes should not be allowed to affect the overall situation of the cooperation between the two sides.

He pointed out that ASEAN, as a whole, did not make comments or take sides on the arbitration, and it expressed support for China and the Philippines to resolve the issue t h r o u g h d i a l o g u e a n d consultation.

CHINA, ASEAN VOW TO PROMOTE PEACE, STABILITY IN SOUTH CHINA SEA

On July 25, 2016, China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) reaffirmed their efforts to “promote peace, stability, mutual trust and confidence” in the South China Sea.

A joint statement was issued after the meeting between Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and his counterparts from 10 ASEAN members in the Lao capital during the 49th ASEAN Foreign Ministers

Meeting.The countries recognize that

“maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea region serves the fundamental interests of ASEAN member states and China as


South China Sea

w e l l a s t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.”

They are also committed to the full and effective implementation of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and working substantively toward the early adoption of a Code of Conduct (COC) based on consensus.

The statement said China and 10 members of ASEAN “reaffirm their respect for and commitment to the freedom of navigation in and overflight above the South China Sea as provided for by the universally r e c o g n i z e d p r i n c i p l e s o f international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).”

It also commits all parties to undertaking to “resolve their territorial and jurisdictional disputes by peaceful means, without resorting to the threat or use of force, through f r i en d l y co n su l t a t i o n s a n d negotiations by sovereign states directly concerned.”

The statement calls for the

“exercise of self-restraint in the conduct of activities that would complicate or escalate disputes and affect peace and stability including, among others, refraining from action of inhabiting on the presently uninhabited islands, reefs, shoals, cays, and other features, and to handle their differences in a constructive manner.”

It permits parties “to explore or undertake cooperative activities in

fields such as navigation safety, search and rescue, marine scientific research, environmental protection, and combating transnational crimes at sea.”

The statement also sees China and ASEAN members committing to encouraging other countries to respect the principles contained in the DOC adopted in 2002, saying the adoption of the COC will “further promote peace and stability in the region.”

CHINA OPENS S. CHINA SEA WEBSITEOn August 3, 2016, China on

Wednesday opened a website on the South China Sea, complete with historical maps, articles and research, according to the State Oceanic Administration (SOA).

Run by the National Marine Data & Information Service, the Chinese language site has 10 sections that cover basic information, news, historical archives, development and management, expert opinion, law and regulations, a timeline of major events, pictures and videos and

Q&A.“The South China Sea has

drawn huge attention, but some information online is not accurate,” said Zhang Haiwen, SOA official in charge of international cooperation. “We hope that this website will enable domestic and overseas people to better understand it and learn about the truth behind the ‘dispute’ over it.”

According to Zhang, the website contains not only maps and archives but also exclusive analysis and expository articles based on

experts’ research of thousands of maps.

Zhang cited that a map often used by Vietnam to prove that it owned the Xisha Islands was actually pieced together by two maps, which have already been obtained by experts and might be used to refute the country’s claim.

Zhang said new findings will be published on the website once verified.

Accord ing to the SOA, information on the website must first be reviewed by an expert panel

South China Sea


a n d b e “ c o m p r e h e n s i v e , authoritative, detailed and accurate.”

“The website is founded with the aim of positively publicizing our policies, claims, historical proof, legal basis and international

cooperation while serving as a reliable channel for domestic and o v e r s e a s g o v e r n m e n t departments, research groups and individuals to learn about the South China Sea,” said SOA spokesman Shi Qingfeng.

The website has now six domain n a m e s , i n c l u d i n g www.thesouthchinasea.org and www.china-nanhai.org, due to “information unification and security concerns,” according to the SOA.

SPOTLIGHT: ARBITRATION TRIBUNAL'S AWARD ON SOUTH CHINA SEA SETS

DANGEROUS PRECEDENT OF ABUSING ARBITRATION SYSTEM

The Hague, July 13 (Xinhua) — T h e Pe r m a n e n t C o u r t o f Arbitration (PCA) in The Hague issued a 479-page award over the

South China Sea case on Tuesday in support of the Philippine side, setting a dangerous precedent of abusing the arbitration system, and

drawing a wide-range of criticism from Chinese and foreign experts.

“Arbitration is defined in the


South China Sea

dictionary as a dispute where the parties have agreed to settle it by arbitration,” said Stephen Perry, chairman of the 48 Group Club, a British business group.

“Clearly China does not accept arbitration to settle the dispute, so the Court should not have agreed to hear this dispute presented by only one party,” he said.

“I have been involved in many hundreds of arbitrations and always both parties agree on arbitration, or there is no arbitration,” he added.

Shahid Qureshi, London Post’s editor and political analyst, said the fact that “the tribunal has allowed the case to go ahead in spite of its

lack of justifiable jurisdiction” poses a big question mark to the tribunal’s “intention” and “interest.”

“I am of the view that the tribunal must review its position and jurisdiction for the sake of institution it stands for. Otherwise it will become a joke in the legal history as they did not follow the due process of law,” he noted.

A c c o r d i n g t o V l a d i m i r Petrovsky, a major researcher at the Moscow-based Institute for Far Eastern Studies, China’s non-acceptance stance over the arbitration ruling is the “only reasonable position” from the viewpoint of international law.

If the Philippines recognizes the ruling and China does not, the arbitration should not be recognized as legitimate and legal, he said.

Joseph Matthews, director of ASEAN Education Center, said that from the beginning, the arbitral tribunal was under the sway of the United States and its ally Japan.

“This is a one-sided verdict based on China-phobia, which ultimately creates tension, and confrontational situations in the South China Sea,” he said.

“Today’s ruling will change nothing in the South China Sea,” he emphasized.

South China Sea


Omar al-Mekdad, a Syrian expert on Chinese affairs, told Xinhua, “The decision taken by the tribunal in The Hague is politicized and has deliberately overlooked the historic facts about China’s sovereign rights over the South China Sea territory.”

“China has every right to take whatever it sees proper to respond to this outrageous decision,” he said.

Ashfaqur Rahman, former Bangladeshi ambassador to China, found it very funny to see the work

of the tribunal. “What the tribunal has done can never be called an arbitration,” he said.

“Arbitration is a process in which both the disputed parties agree to argue their cases and agree to accept verdict whatever it is,” he explained. In this case, “we all know that China was not a party. It did not take part in the process. So how can it be called an arbitration?”

“The tribunal should not have accepted jurisdiction,” said Tom Zwart, a law professor at Utrecht

University in the Netherlands. “In Asia, states have been dealing with the South China Sea for ages in a peaceful and constructive manner. People should go back to the situation where they tried to find diplomatic solutions.”

George Tzogopoulos, a lecturer at the European Institute and the Democritus University of Thrace in Greece, warned that Asia must not be divided over the tribunal’s decision, as “a potential conflict in the South China Sea will benefit no one.”

SOUTH CHINA SEA ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL LOSES ITS OWN FACE BY LACK OF

POLITICAL WISDOM: INDIAN EXPERT


South China Sea

Singapore, July 18 (Xinhua) — The ad-hoc arbitral tribunal lost its own face in the South China Sea arbitration with the lack of political wisdom, and countries would return to negotiations to solve disputes, an Indian expert said here Monday.

Swaran Singh, professor at School of International Studies of Jawaharlal Nehru University in India, said the arbitration unilateral initiated by the Philippines is not a victory even for the Philippines itself, as the newly inaugurated president Rodrigo Duterte had shown little trust in the arbitration.

“If the Philippines doesn’t believe it, it will have a very limited role to play,” he said.

The Chinese government said the ad hoc arbitral tribunal has no j u r i s d i c t i o n o ve r r e l e v a n t submissions, and awards rendered by it are null and void and have no binding force.

Speaking to reporters during a think tank seminar on South China Sea and regional cooperation and development, Singh said the arbitral tribunal lacked political wisdom by not seeking a resolution on the

ground.

“The fundamental principle of arbitration is that both parties should submit the case for arbitration, should participate in the arbitration, should give undertakings that the binding outcome will be acceptable to them, which are missing in this case,” he said.

“So I think the casualty here is arbitration itself. The trust of people in international relations in arbitration being a solution has been really hit badly by this.”

MANILA'S EXPENSES FOR SOUTH CHINA SEA ARBITRATION SHOULD BE

MADE PUBLICBeijing, July 29 (Xinhua) — The

great expenses for the South China Sea arbitration unilaterally initiated b y t h e f o r m e r P h i l i p p i n e government should be made public, as some Filipinos are already questioning the source of the money.

In 2013, the Benigno Aquino III administration unilaterally filed a case on the South China Sea dispute between the Philippines and China. An ad hoc arbitral tribunal set up at Manila’s request issued a highly controversial and biased award on July 12, denying China’s long-standing historic rights in the South China Sea.

Questions about how much money has been spent on the

arbitration, paid by whom and to whom, have not only sparked hot debates in the Philippines, but also drawn attention worldwide.

It had cost Manila 30 million U.S. dollars to merely pay off legal fees and expenses of lawyers who prepared the case against China, R i g o b e r t o T i g l a o , f o r m e r spokesperson and head of presidential office for former Phi l ippine Pres ident Glor ia Macapagal Arroyo, wrote in an article published in mid-July by the Manila Times.

This prompted a question, raised openly three days later by former senator Francisco S. Tatad, about the real cost of the arbitration. He suspected that the former

Philippine government hid the truth from its nationals.

The government “never told the public how much the arbitration would cost the Filipino taxpayers. The Constitution provides that no money shall be paid out of the Treasury except in pursuance of an appropriation made by law, yet no appropriation has been disclosed for this particular purpose,” he wrote to the Manila Times.

“How much then is it? Are any foreign donors involved?” he asked.

“The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency or its State Department should reimburse us,” said Tiglao, suggesting that the arbitration case provides an excuse for the United

Indians in China


States to interfere in the South China Sea.

Looking back, The Hague-based Per manent Cour t of Arbitration (PCA) charged the arbitral tribunal for the South China Sea case 2.85 million euros (3.16 million dollars ) for the secretarial service.

This was a sum all paid by Manila , including the share supposed to have been borne by Beijing, which had insisted on a stance of non-acceptance of and n o n - p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n t h e arbitration.

This cost is supposed to cover human labor and rents for office and office equipment, as well as possible payments to the five members of the arbitral tribunal, said Wang Hanling, a Chinese maritime law expert at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

A gross sum of partial expenses can be traced on the basis of open data, Wang said. For instance, charges of secretarial service include openly-priced human labor, a single payment of 2,000 euros (2,218 dollars) for registration, and daily rent of office equipment at 1,750 euros (1,940 dollars), among other things, and the hearings room is charged at 1,000 euros (1,109 dollars) per day.

“Such estimations can lead to a conclusion that the arbitrators pocketed largely the money Manila paid,” Wang wrote in an article published on July 28 in China’s Global Times newspaper.

The PCA charges are the only part made public of the expenses of the arbitration case, Wang said.

Setting a rare precedent in the history of international justice and arbitration by sweepingly siding with

Manila’s claims, the arbitral award has been widely questioned and challenged in the world. What’s worse, it indicates something fishy about the arbitrators, Wang said.

Wang believes that certain countries such as the United States and Japan, and some organizations, probably have invested a great deal of money and resources in the South China Sea arbitration case, citing the first payment by some U.S. institutions.

However, what Manila finally gained from the arbitration case is nothing but a scrap of paper, instead of benefits, he said.

In this regard, it is necessary for Manila to open the records of expenses for the arbitration, so as to respond to the questions raise by the Philippine people and address the concerns of the international community, Wang concluded.

Indians in China

REFLECTIONS ON A SHORT PASSAGE THROUGH CHINA

Sudipto Mundle

Far removed from the boiling tension in the South China Sea, ours was a peaceful journey through South Central China.

On arrival in Guangzhou, we had our first experience of a Chinese bullet train. The bullet trains are symbols of the new 21st century China. High investment in globally competitive, top quality, modern

infrastructure, deployed on a massive scale, is one of the two pillars of China’s new development model, the other being a rapid increase in domestic consumption. The question is whether the new model can deliver a moderately high growth rate of 6.5 %, the “new normal” target over the medium term (Justin Lin, China Daily 28 June 2016).

There are three key challenges to i m p l e m e n t i n g t h i s m o d e l . Maintaining a high rate of i nve s t m e n t , e nv i r o n m e n t a l sustainability and achieving an income distribution that can drive domestic mass consumption. Our short passage through China gave us a glimpse of how the new growth strategy and the challenges are playing out on the ground.


Indians in China

We took our first bullet train from Guangzhou to the resort town of Guilin. These trains are punctual to the minute, unlike flights that are often late, sometimes very late. They are also modern in design, comfortable and clean, similar to the TGV in France or the Shinkansen in Japan. The difference is scale. China probably has more than a hundred of these bullet trains crisscrossing the country over the largest bullet train network in the world.

Guilin is one of China’s most popular, picturesque resort towns, located in southern China. Apart from the Reed Flute Cave and many other natural attractions, Guilin is the starting point of a fascinating cruise down the picturesque Li river that winds its way through ranges of Karst hills to a quaint hill resort

called Yangshuo. I had always wondered about Chinese paintings of oddly shaped hills, tumbling one upon another, until I saw these limestone formations along the Li river. The paintings are remarkably faithful depictions of the real thing.

Yangshuo Mountain Retreat is located in a serene setting on the banks of the Yulong r iver surrounded by Karst hills. I was tempted to wade into the Yulong, but was dissuaded by hotel staff who said the water was not very clean. Next day, as we rafted down the river, I noted that the froth on the water was not just surf. Pollution is a problem that China is yet to crack.

That is not to suggest that it is not trying. I describe below the efforts being made in Chongqing

and elsewhere to diversify from coal to renewable sources of energy on the supply-side. In Guilin and Yangshuo, we saw how the challenge is being addressed on the demand side. With incomes rising, the Chinese are moving on from cycles to motorized personal transport, mostly low-cost two-wheelers. But these are powered by electric batteries, not diesel or petrol. China is producing millions of these two-wheelers every year. I was also amused to see how jugaad has been raised to another level in China. Many of these two-wheelers had shades mounted on steel rods to protect rider and pillion from sun and rain!

From Guilin, we flew to Xi’an to see the famous terracotta army of Qin Shi, China’s first emperor. They

Indians in China


attract millions of tourists every year. However, Xi’an is also emerging as a major industrial hub of west-central China under the Go West policy, shifting the investment focus away from the eastern seaboard to cities in the western hinterland. Unfortunately, Xi’an also sports the “ghost cities” that have sprouted in different parts of China. Though there is a housing shortage in metropolises like Beijing and Shanghai, in the smaller cities, too many apartment blocks have been built and prices have collapsed. There are no takers. Hundreds of high-rise apartment blocks remain unoccupied, dark, and unsold, reminiscent of Bangkok during the Asian financial crisis of 1997.

From Xi’an, we went on to Chengdu, which is best known for its pandas. We spent a whole day attending to these loveable but fragile animals as volunteers. But

beyond pandas, Chengdu is also the capital of Sechwan province, the home of the fiery Sechwan cuisine, and an intellectual hub with many universities and research centres. It is also an important base of the People’s Liberation Army. That has given Chengdu a comparative advantage in emerging as a leading centre for high technology industries l i k e e l e c t r o n i c s , r o b o t i c s , b io techno log y and defence production, with spin-offs for civilian industry. Chengdu has produced China’s first indigenous regional jetliner, the ARJ21-700, now flying commercially. The C919, a large passenger aircraft, has also reached production stage.

What charmed us most about Chengdu were the dozens of men and women dancing in the setting sun in many squares and parks around the city. This seems to be the new trend for workouts all over

China. In the morning and after work at dusk, people join different groups in public spaces, practise the steps and dance. It is such a wonderful, enjoyable form of exercise.

From Chengdu, we went on to Chongqing to start our Yangtze cruise. Over three days, we cruised past countless misty peaks stretching into the horizon, awesome gorges, and the almost tactile softness of beautiful bamboo forests. The sheer beauty of these landscapes are as inspiring for the tourist as they have been for countless generations of painters. But the cruise begins in a very different, modern, urban setting, Chongqing—one of the largest cities in the world. And the cruise ends shortly after passing through another icon of modern China, the Three Gorges Dam.

With a population of 33 million,

Guilin


Indians in China

Chongqing is the largest of five centrally administered regional municipalities, the others being Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou. One of China’s major manufactur ing hubs, i t has traditional smoke-stack industries like steel, cement and chemicals as well as electronics, transport equipment and other new industries. The city reportedly accounts for more than half of all the laptops produced in the world, and Changan, one of China’s oldest and largest car manufacturers, is located here.

The city has adopted a novel approach towards addressing a rural-urban land imbalance that may have useful lessons for the rest of China. Rural areas account for about 45% of the population. Many rural households are migrating in search

of jobs, leaving behind uncultivated land. But urban Chongqing is short of land. A Rural Land Exchange established in 2008 buys the homestead land of migrants and develops it for alternative urban land use.

The Three Gorges Dam, near the other end of the Yangtze cruise, is the largest dam in the world, with a length of 2.3km and a height of 185 meters, with an ingenious two-way system of five locks to move ships across the dam. Built primarily to control the frequent floods which have killed hundreds of thousands of people in the past, the dam now protects millions of people living in the flood plain of the Yangtze, spread over 607,000 hectares. Additionally, the 26 massive turbines of the dam generate 18,000 megawatts of power.

This mammoth dam has p r e d i c t a b l y r a i s e d m a n y controversies, some of which have been addressed. The dam displaced an estimated 1.3 million people. All of them have been relocated in new apartments in many new townships along the river which we passed. Silting at the dam could eventually choke the dam. However, spillways have been built all along the dam wall that force out much of the silt at high pressure. It is estimated that the dam will remain functional for about 100 years. However, there remains the risk of natural disaster. The dam has been designed to withstand the pressure of even very heavy “once in a century” floods. But the possible consequences of a very strong earthquake that might crack the dam are too frightening to contemplate.

Chongqing


Indians in China

As the cruise ended and we flew back to Guangzhou on our way out of China, I reflected on all that we had seen and how things might play out.

The investment pillar of China’s new growth strategy seems to be quite firm. There are clearly huge opportunities for such investment. Given the fiscal headroom and a high savings rate of nearly 50%, financing should also not be a constraint. That is, provided China can avoid the risk of zombie state

enterprises and zombie banks undermining the system as in Japan’s lost decades (Stephen Roach, China Daily, 30 June 2016),

The other pillar of the new growth strategy, rising domestic consumption, is subject to greater risks. China’s rising dependency ratio will constrain the growth in per capita consumption.

The other risk is the low wage of unorganized sector workers: restaurant waiters, shop assistants,

house-hold help and others who make about S$4,000-$5,000 per year (RMB 2,000-3,000 per month). China needs an incomes policy to substantially raise the purchasing power of this class of workers to secure the consumption pillar of its new growth strategy.

(Mr.Sudipto Mundle is emeritus professor at the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, and a senior visiting fellow at the Centre for Public Affairs and Critical Theory, Shiv Nadar University, New Delhi.)

WANGMANG MOUNTAIN : BRIDGE TO DIVINITY

Akhil Parashar


Indians in China

I will never forget the moments I spent on Wangmang Mountain. It was a dreamland, an extraordinary place to view mountains and forests of pine, shrouded in misty clouds.

Mountaineering is a culture deeply steeped in ethics and ideals. It symbolizes how man and nature are intertwined.

It was incredible to visit the Wangmangling scenic area, located in Lingchuan county, Shanxi province. In fact, my memory bank is filled with images of the time I spent there: of closeness to nature, beautiful and unique views, good ecological environment, cool weather. The effects of the change in altitude can be felt there.

The cool somberness of nature signal that the visitor is entering divine territory.

The beauty of Wangmang is picture-perfect, a fusion of high mountain valleys, lakes and many streams. It is unique for its scenery — seas of cloud, sunrise, marvelous peaks, waves of pines. And there is a breathtaking road along a cliff ’s edge.

It is a pity, as it’s said, that so m a n y p e o p l e k n o w a b o u t Huangshan mountain, Guilin and Zhangjiajie, but not Wangmang Mountain. If you don’t know about Wangmang, it means you have yet to visit one of China’s perfect places. In the Wangmang Mountain Scenic Area, serenity lies in the sunshine, light, water, greenery, mountains, mist and cloud. It is the coziest place in China I’ve ever been.

Our group, mostly foreigners,

traveled to the high altitudes of Wangmang Mountain by minibus. The infrastructure facilities are perfectly built, and nearby villages and areas are also well developed. I was astonished to see such development there.

At the site, one feels the spirit of the mountain and hears the whispers of history. There are more than 50 summits, the highest reaching 1,665 meters, the lowest standing at 800 meters.

Wangmang Mountain boasts numerous unique peaks and fascinating geographical conditions. It is hard for a person standing on a high ridge to describe the feeling.

T he re i s no th ing more spectacular than a typical sunrise on Wangmang Mountain. The day of our visit, the ridges and peaks were immersed in a vast ksea of mist and clouds. We could see a large area of green forest and enjoyed graceful flowers on the cliffs and beside the path

.The tiny village of Xiyagou is

situated on a mountaintop. In earlier times, it had been isolated from the rest of the world. The only way to reach it was to ascend a narrow valley

bordered by steep cliffs, and then climb a series of stone steps carved in the rock.

Cut off from the rest of the world, the village was doomed to become a ghost town unless a road could be built through the cliffs. Villagers of Xiyagou cut one by hand, starting in the 1960s. The project took 30 years to complete, but it was their only hope and they succeeded. Today, the village is accessible by car, a huge leap forward. When China opened its borders for tourism around 2000, the hand-cut tunnel became an attraction for thousands of visitors every year. Hotels sprang up to accommodate all the guests. And from there, the local economy has continued to expand.

Mountain climbing embodies traditions that tough the spirit of mankind. It’s a sacred feeling — the only reward is to be found within one’s heart. Wangmang Mountain provides a perfect landscape for photographers, professional or amateur, and a spectacular canvas of mountain scenery.

The sheer size and magnificence of these mountains with their shrouded peaks is a sight that will leave anyone breathless. The might of nature reminds me of the sheer insignificance of man. I have stood still for hours just gazing at the play of the Mountain Gods. I have seen Heaven meeting Earth. I have seen the bridge between divinity and reality.Writer : AKHIL PARASHAR (working in China Radio International, Beijing)

Wangmang Mountain

provides a perfect

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p h o t o g r a p h e r s ,

p r o f e s s i o n a l o r

a m a t e u r , a n d a

spectacular canvas of

mountain scenery.


Rio Olympics

T h e 2 5 - y e a r - o l d Z h a n g Mengxue won China’s first gold at the Rio Olympics by claiming the women’s 10m air pistol title here on August 7.

Zhang finished the eight-member final with 199.4 points. Vitalina Batsarashkina of Russia took home the silver with 197.1 points. The bronze medal went to

Anna Korakaki of Greece, who scored 177.7 points.

Due to the change of rules by the sport’s world governing body ISSF, all winning marks at the finals of the Rio Olympics will be recognized as new Olympic records, so does Zhang’s 199.4 points in the women’s 10m air pistol final.

The Chinese shooting team gave a hard try on the opening day of the Rio Olympic shooting competition, but neither Du Li nor Pang Wei finished with a gold in their respective final on Saturday.

Two-time Olympic champion Guo Wenjun was considered as the top favorite, but the veteran didn’t survive the qualification stage. Guo

Rio Olympics

PISTOL SHOOTER ZHANG MENGXUE WINS CHINA'S FIRST GOLD IN RIO

Zhang Mengxue of China shows the gold medal at the awarding ceremony of the Women's 10m Air Pistol of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games at the Olympic Shooting Centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on Aug. 7, 2016. (Xinhua/Han Yuqing)


Rio Olympics

shot 378 points, 6 points under the qualification line, and finished her third Olympics with the 30th place.

Zhang placed the seventh in the qualification to get into the final. The two-time ISSF 2016 World Cup bronze medalist had a slow start. All her first four shots were below 10, and she was ranked sixth before the elimination round.

Zhang found back her good form from the seventh shot. She hit straight 10s and steadily moved up in the rankings.

Zhang took the lead after hitting 10.6 and 10.3 points in the 11th and 12th shots, and she managed to broaden the lead by every shooting round. She was 2.0 points ahead of Batsarashkina with two shots left, and the 19.5 points was enough for her to take the title.

“I didn’t have so much expectation before the competiton,” said Zhang. “I want to thank my

coach and my team, and I’m really happy to win gold in my first Olympics.”

The 19-year-old Russian Batsarashkina secured the silver medal with a solid performance, hitting the 10th ring with 10 of her 20 shots.

“I feel very good, but I still cannot understand what has

happened, so that is why I am so calm right now,” said Batsarashkina about her Olympic debut.

Korakaki, one year older than Batsarashkina, went through some ups and downs during the final, but the bronze was a milestone as it’s the first medal in shooting in the history of Greece.

CHINESE LIFTER LONG SMASHES WORLD RECORD TO WIN HIS 2ND OLYMPIC GOLD

Chinese lifter Long Qingquan claimed his second Olympic gold medal when he won the men’s 56kg weightlifting event with a world record total of 307 kg on August 7.

The 25-year-old Long, the 2008 Olympic gold medalist, overcame the challenge from defending champion Om Yun Chaol of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

Long hoisted 137kg in snatch and 170kg in the jerk to break the previous world best of 305kg set by Turkish legend Halil Mutlu 16 years ago in the Sydney 2000 Games.

Om, 24, snatched 134kg and jerked 169kg for a combined lift of 303kg to settle for the silver medal.

Long is the first weightlifter with eight years between his first and

second Olympic gold medal, in any men’s and women’s weightlifting event.

“I am really happy. I am really proud. I came to this competition with two dreams: to win the competition and break the world record and I did both.” Long said.

“I have prepared for the compet i t ion for four years


because I did not get to compete in the (London) 2012 Olympic Games. After four years I did it.” said Long.

Om was beaten for the first time in a major competition since he won this event at the London Olympics in 2012.

“I do not feel satisfied. I was hoping for gold. I put a lot of effort in. I just did not win.” Om said.

“I never thought that Long could lift 170kg, because he never did that in the training before,” said Yu Jie, the head coach of the men’s team.

“He was perfect in the power, the technics and the psychology. He was amazing today.” Yu added.

S i n p h e t Ku r a i t h o n g o f Thailand took the bronze with 289kg, becoming the first male weightlifter from his nation to win a medal at the Olympic Games.

“I did not expect that I would get a medal, but I just did what I had practised.” Kruaithong said.

CHINA WIN FIRST DIVING GOLD OF RIO GAMES

China secured the first diving gold medal of the Rio Olympics when Wu Minxia and Shi Tingmao won the women’s synchronised 3m springboard on August 7.

The pair lived up to its billing as favorite with an overall score of 345.60 points from five dives, some

31.77 points ahead of silver medallists Tania Cagnotto and Francesca Dallape of Italy.

Australia’s Maddison Keeney and Anabelle Smith took bronze with 299.19 points.

The result at the Maria Lenk

Aquatics Center continued China’s remarkable sequence of results in the event. The Asian nation has won every world and Olympic title in the women’s synchronized springboard since the 2000 Sydney Games.

The performance also secured a raft of records for veteran Wu.

Rio Olympics


The 30-year-old has now won the most Olympic diving medals by a woman, surpassing compatriot Guo JingJing with seven podium finishes.

She also became the oldest

woman to win an Olympic diving medal, overtaking the USA’s Micki King, who was 28 when she won the springboard title in 1972.

In addition, Wu equalled the

record held by Canada’s Emilie Heymans for diving medals in the most Olympic Games (four).

Chinese diving athletes Wu Minxia (R) and Shi Tingmao show gold medals at the awarding ceremony of women’s SYNC.3M Springboard in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on Aug. 7, 2016. Wu Minxia and Shi Tingmao won the gold medal with 345.60. (Xinhua/Cao Can)

CHINA'S SUN YANG WINS 200M FREESTYLE GOLD

China’s Sun Yang clinched his third Olympic gold medal on August 8 by winning the men’s 200m freestyle at the Rio Olympics.

The 24-year-old finished in 1 minute 44.65 seconds, 0.55sec ahead

of South Africa’s Chad le Clos with the USA’s Conor Dwyer 0.58sec further back.

It was China’s first swimming gold medal of the Rio Games. Sun won silver in the same event at the

London 2012 Games.

World record holder Paul Biedermann of Germany was sixth in the final, 1.19sec behind Sun.

Rio Olympics


Rio Olympics


Culture & Life

Beijing, Aug. 4 (Xinhuanet) — Valentine’s Day is for everyone, whether you have your sweet heart or not. Those who don’t may feel the festive atmosphere as well. Anyway, nobody wants to miss this sweet day.

As a country of long history and rich culture, China has her special day for people in love. The day is called the Magpie Festival, Double Seventh Festival or simply “Qi Xi”. It happens to fall on August 9, this year.

This i s a day with the multifarious myths behind it. In 2006, it was included in the China Intangible Cultural Heritage List along with the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival by the State Council.

Originated in the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD), the story said a “Seventh Daughter” of the Mother Queen in the Heaven is in a vision of heavenly beauty and dexterous. Against the rule of the Heaven, the fairy daughter fell in love with and

secretly married a young human on the Earth, an orphaned cowherd. This infuriated the Mother Queen.

The Mother Queen forced the poor “Seventh Daughter” to ascend up back to the Heaven and seized her while her husband and their two children chased after her. When they were about to catch up with her, the heartless Mother Queen took off one of her gold hairpins and made a stroke.

Suddenly, a billowy river, the

Culture & Life

CHINESE VALENTINE'S DAY: "QI XI"by Wang Shiyu

Group wedding at Qi Xi festival in Central China’s Zhengzhou city


Culture & Life

Milky Way, ran between the husband and his wife and separated them with the river up in the sky. From then on, they could see each other from both sides of the river, but could never be together. After uncountable years, the deadly sadness of the couple and distressing cry and call for mommy of their twins somewhat touched the Mother Queen.

She allowed the “Seventh Daughter” and her husband to be together only once every year — on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month — “Qi Xi” (Double Seventh).

The couple’s loyalty to love not only touched the Mother Queen, but even touched the magpies, a kind of birds symbolizing happiness in Chinese culture.

Thus, the story said, on “Qi Xi” , tens of thousands of magpies would fly to the sky to build a bridge for the couple and their twins to walk cross and meet each other. “No wonder magpies are seen scarcely on that day as they are building the bridge up in the sky,” many Chinese really believe.

As time goes by, people make this day as the sweet day for people to glorify their loyal and steadfast love.

Today in China, besides various customs and celebrations on this day, one special activity is that many loving couples would take their daughters to the place where they themselves first fell in love with each other. They like to pay someone on the spot to paint portraits for their daughters.

“‘Qi Xi’ shows one side of vivid Chinese culture. We choose to send our daughter her portrait. This is more meaningful than sending some expensive but less useful gifts and I hope my daughter would feel that she has a sweet family,” said a mother.

“Qi Xi” is in fact more than a festival. It has become a bridge for cultural communication. Now the tradition of celebration has spread to other places in East Asia.

The Japanese call it the Tanabata festival. Joyous fireworks party is typical on this day across the country. In South Korea and Vietnam, different kinds of special flour-made food – sweet and sticking — are popular for the celebration.

Young people playing with water to celebrate qixi


10TH CHINA INTERNATIONAL FOLK ART FESTIVAL OPENS

Culture & Life

Chinese acrobats perform during the opening ceremony

Actresses from India perform during the opening ceremony


Artists from 13 countries have gathered in northwest China’s Qinghai Province, as the 10th China International Folk Art Festival was kicked off in the provincial capital of Xining on August 8, 2016.

The event, scheduled to last till Aug. 13, is jointly hosted by China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (CFLAC) and the Qinghai

provincial government.

Shi Honggang, chair of Xining art theater, said the festival will not only broaden the horizons of the audience in Qinghai, but raise the profile of Qinghai’s art.

David Mclaughlin, art director of Ireland Titanic dance theater company, said it is the first time for

the company’s original dance drama Titanic to be performed in China. The development of art is dependent on the inheritance, exchange and innovation of art lovers, he said.

Launched in 1990 with the approval of the State Council, the festival has been held triennially by CFLAC and a domestic city.

SE CHINA'S UNDERWATER WORLD BECOMES POPULAR SPOT IN

SUMMER VACATION

Culture & Life

Underwater ballet dancers perform at the Zuohai Underwater World in Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province, Aug. 9, 2016. The underwater world became a popular spot for children here during the summer vacation.


Culture & Life

Tourists view the fish at the Zuohai Underwater World in Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province, Aug. 9, 2016. The underwater world became a popular spot for children here during the summer vacation.

A boy takes photos of a performance at the Zuohai Underwater World in Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province, Aug. 9, 2016. The underwater world became a popular spot for children here during the summer vacation.


Tibet Today

Tibet Today

PANCHEN LAMA LEADS FIRST KALACHAKRA RITUAL IN TIBET

IN 50 YEARS

Xigaze, Tibet, July 21 (Xinhua) — The first Kalachakra instructions delivered by the 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu have formally begun, with some 40 monks beginning a closed-door observance Thursday morning.

The monks, from Labrang Lamasery in northwest China’s

Gansu Province and Zhaxi Lhunbo Lamaser y in Xig aze, T ibet Autonomous Region, will perform the ritual every morning during the four-day event.

The Kalachakra (the wheel of time) ritual includes a series of teachings and initiations that are given by gurus to help Buddhists

through the cycle of life.

This is the first time in 50 years that the ritual has been performed in Tibet.

To embrace the grand event, Zhaxi Lhunbo Lamasery, the home temple of Panchen Lamas, started preparations one month ago. In


Tibet Today

Zhaxi Lhunbo last December, the 11th Panchen Lama celebrated the 2 0 t h a n n i v e r s a r y o f h i s enthronement.

Currently serving as vice p res iden t o f the Buddh i s t Association of China, the 11th Panchen Lama has received some 1,000 initiations and performed head-touching blessings for about 1.5 million Buddhists.

Latest statistics showed more than 100,000 people have attended the ritual held in the New Palace of Panchen Lama near Zhaxi Lhunbo, including 5,000 monks and nuns and 100 lamas.

After overnight rainfall and intermittent drizzling, the meadow in the New Palace of Panchen Lama turned muddy and slippery. Still, people swarmed into the venue at noon to hear the public instruction and initiations scheduled each afternoon.

Before the afternoon session started, monks in crimson-colored robes carried dozens of huge kettles to pour hot tea for participants to help them dispel the cold. Barley biscuits were also distributed by monks to the excited crowd.

A volunteer put cypress branches and barley powder brought by devotees into a yellow stove and burned them to pray for an auspicious ritual.

After the 11th Panchen Lama ascended to his silk-covered throne in the afternoon, senior monks from the Zhaxi Lhunbo Lamasery presented traditional Tibetan offerings to him.

The 11th Panchen Lama then led the chanting of scripture, with 100 senior monks kowtowing in front of the throne.

The crowd of pilgrims started to throw hada, a silk cloth, toward the 11th Panchen Lama as a greeting. Quickly, hadas piled up in front of the crowd.

In his opening remarks, the 11th Panchen Lama called the rainfall “an auspicious sign,” mentioning that it also rained once when the 10th Panchen Lama held a ritual.

At that time, the 10th Panchen Lama explained that the rain indicated purification, said the 11th Panchen Lama, reminding the


Tibet Today

elderly to keep warm on the rainy day.

Sitting on the ground and with prayer beads in hand, Tsering Wangla from Geding Township of Sagya County, Xigaze, said that the cold and drizzle were “not hardships at all,” and he rejoiced at the event “from the bottom of his heart.”

The 41-year-old farmer woke up at half past five on Thursday morning to prepare for the excursion. It was also his first time to participate in such a ritual.

Tsering, 20, a driver from Namling County, Xigaze sat in the back. He took two days off so he could attend the ritual, which lasts until July 24.

Hearing the Kalachakra first

from his parents when he was small, Tsering said he had wished to hear the precious teaching for a long time and was very happy to join in the ritual.

“I didn’t expect there to be so many people, and I have to watch from the distance,” he said.

Aga, a 51-year-old herder from Nagqu in northern Tibet, listened attentively to the instructions of the 11th Panchen Lama.

“Receiving the Kalachakra initiation from Panchen Lama is really a hard-won blessing,” he said.

Monk Shera Phuntsog from Hao Lamasery in Xigaze also treasured the instructions of the 11th Panchen Lama.

He said that the first-day

instruction was very important as i t a d d r e s s e d t h e p r o p e r motivations followers must have when seeking dhar ma from t e a c h e r s a s w e l l a s t h e commandments they must keep.

To e n s u r e t h e s m o o t h operation of the grand event and o f f e r c o n v e n i e n c e f o r participants, a dozen temporary water stations and toilets have been built.

Some 50 doctors and nurses from local hospitals have been assembled in 11 medical squads to provide emergency aid when necessary and manage sanitation control.

No major emergency treatment was performed on the first day, according to Sogdoi from the Xigaze Health Bureau.

Tibet Today


11TH PANCHEN LAMA VISITS NAGQU IN CHINA'S TIBET

The 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu waves as he attends a horse race festival in Lhari County of Nagqu, southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, Aug. 4, 2016. The 11th Panchen Lama, currently serving as vice president of the Buddhist Association of China, visited Nagqu and attended religious activities here from July 29 to Aug. 9. (Xinhua/Chogo)

The 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu (R, front) touches the head of a herdsman in Lhari County of Nagqu, southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, Aug. 7, 2016. The 11th Panchen Lama, currently serving as vice president of the Buddhist Association of China, visited Nagqu and attended religious activities here from July 29 to Aug. 9. (Xinhua/Chogo)


The 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu visits a local herdsman in Lhari County of Nagqu, southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, Aug. 7, 2016. The 11th Panchen Lama, currently serving as vice president of the Buddhist Association of China, visited Nagqu and attended religious activities here from July 29 to Aug. 9. (Xinhua/Chogo)

The 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu walks on meadow in Lhari County of Nagqu, southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, Aug. 6, 2016. The 11th Panchen Lama, currently serving as vice president of the Buddhist Association of China, visited Nagqu and attended religious activities here from July 29 to Aug. 9. (Xinhua/Chogo)

Tibet Today

Tibet Today


The 11th Panchen Lama Bainqen Erdini Qoigyijabu (R, front) arrives in Lhari County of Nagqu, southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, Aug. 3, 2016. The 11th Panchen Lama, currently serving as vice president of the Buddhist Association of China, visited Nagqu and attended religious activities here from July 29 to Aug. 9. (Xinhua/Chogo)


Book Review

TIBET RECEIVES OVER 6.8 MILLION TOURISTS IN H1

More than 6.8 million Chinese and foreign tourists vis ited s o u t h w e s t C h i n a ’ s T i b e t Autonomous Region in the first half of 2016, up 31.9 percent year on year, authorities said On August 4 ,2016 .

Tourism revenue during the period increased by 32.1 percent year on year to 7 billion yuan (1.05 billion U.S. dollars), according to a statement issued by the regional tourism development commission.

Tourism authorities and resorts now offer special tours, inviting visitors to enjoy the region’s festivals, hiking trails, and cuisine. it said.

Tourism experts forecast more

tourists in the following months than the first half as the region will host the China Tibet Tourism and

Culture Expo, and celebrate the shoton (Yogurt) and the horse race festivals.

BOOK REVIEWRen Zhengfei – Lessons from Battle

Huawei is a rather unique type of corporation characterized by decentralised ownership, and strong presence abroad. The image it has built of itself has earned the company the name “China Dragon”. Ren Zhengfei, the founder of this China Dragon” today employing 100,000 staff has become an inspiration to many.

Please email us first to reserve the book providing the serial No. Hope to hear from you in the coming future. Your comments and suggestions on NFC are also greatly welcome.

EditorNews From ChinaE-mail: [email protected]: 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021Tel: 0091-11-26116683

CCTV


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The Temple of Heavenin Beijing

The Temple of Heaven Park is Originally the place where emperors of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911) held the Heaven Worship Ceremony. It is China’s largest and most representative existing masterpiece among China’s ancient sacrificial buildings.

First built in 1420, Its grand architectural style and profound cultural connotation give an insight into the practices of the ancient Eastern civilization.

Covering an area of 2,700,000 square meters. The temple is enclosed by a long wall. The northern part within the wall is semicircular symbolizing the heavens and the southern part is square symbolizing the earth. The northern part is higher than the southern part. This design shows that the heaven is high and the earth is low and the design reflected an ancient Chinese thought of ‘the heaven is round and the earth is square’. The most magnificent buildings are the Circular

Mound Altar, the Imperial Vault of Heaven and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest from south to north.

Featured Attractions:

1. The legend of the echo from the Temple’s Echo Wall: There is a circular wall around The Imperial Vault of The Temple of Heaven, which many refer to as the Echo Wall. Legend has it that if you whisper at any point closest to the wall, it is said that one may be able to hear you clearly on the other side. It is said to be so clear that it almost sounds like talking on the phone.

2. The Heaven’s Center Stone: There is a stone in the center of the Circular Mound Altar called the Heaven’s Center Stone. Stand above it and shout loudly, you will hear the reverberation. It’s a scenic spot that is one of the most frequented hot spots of the city. We’re almost sure you’ll enjoy your time there.

PDF Version of this Issue is available at http://in.china-embassy.org

Postal Regd. No. DL-SW-16/4034/15-17R.N.I. No. 47440/88

August 2016

Chinese Embassy Website: http://in.china-embassy.orgWebsite of Foreign Ministry of China: www.mfa.gov.cn

www.fmprc.gov.cn

E-mail: [email protected]:[email protected]

Published, Printed and Edited by Press Counsellor Ms. Xie Liyan the People’s Republic of China, 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021. Tel: 26881249, Fax: 26882024

Printed at A.K. Printers, S-217, Bank Street, Munirka, New Delhi-110067, Ph: 9818114996Date of Publishing: 24th of every month Posted at Chanakyapuri P.O. on 27th & 28th of every month

on behalf of the Press Office of the Embassy of

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The Chinese sports delegation at the Opening Ceremony of the Rio Olympics

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