Vol. 13, No. 2

In Memory ofWarren “Sneak” Lewis

NCNARC

North Carolina Narcotic Enforcement Officer’s Association

www.ncnarc.org

Fall, 2011 Vol. 13, No. 2

Official Publication

NCNEOA 2011-12 Officers

Contents this issue

NCNARC is published two times a year by the North Carolina Narcotics Enforcement Officer’s Association, P.O. Box 266, Elizabethtown, NC 28337, Phone: 910-862-6968, Internet: www.ncnarc.org. Kevin Black, editor: Goldsboro, NC. NCNEOA is a charter member of the National Narcotic Officers’ Associations Coalition (NNOAC) and an affiliate of the International Narcotics Enforcement Officers Association (INEOA). NCNEOA is a non-profit organization Tax ID #59-1917180

NCNEOA President’s Message ................................................................................................................................................................... 3NCNEOA Application for Membership .....................................................................................................................................................4Past Presidents............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5Letters To Sneak .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6NLEOMF Research Bulletin .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9Tactical Intelligence with Scott Stewart ...........................................................................................................................................13Shifting Sands by Calvia Fay ....................................................................................................................................................................162011 Conference Photos .............................................................................................................................................................................21Friends of NCNEOA ......................................................................................................................................................................................229-11 Memorial Opens to Public .................................................................................................................................................................23

PrEsidENtBrian Arrington

randolph County sheriff’s Office 727 Mcdowell road Asheboro, NC 27205

(336) [email protected]

First ViCE PrEsidENtdennis Wooten

Nash County sheriff’s Office P O Box 355

Nashville, NC 27856 (252) 459-1539

[email protected]

sECONd ViCE PrEsidENtGene Parsons

NC sBi P. O. Box 1510

Jefferson, NC 28640 (828) 294-2226

[email protected]

sECrEtAryKelly Page

NC sBi PO Box 697

Bailey, NC 27807 (336) 338-1504

[email protected]

trEAsurErtim McLawhorn

License & theft Bureau, NCdMV 95 Edgewater road

Washington, NC 27889 (252) 943-7408

[email protected]

sGt.-At-ArMs/EAstKeith Whitfield

durham County ABC3620 durham Chapel road

durham, NC 27707(919) 201-0130

[email protected]

sGt.-At-ArMs/WEstJosh Wolfe

High Point Police department 1009 Leonard Avenue High Point, NC 27260


trAiNiNG COOrdiNAtOr

Phil LittleBladen County sO (retired)

P.O. Box 266Elizabethtown, NC 28337


WEst trAiNiNG COOrdiNAtOr

Kevin Black rowan County sheriff’s Office

232 N. Main streetsalisbury, NC 28144

(704) 239-6643 [email protected]

MAGAziNE EditOr

Kevin Black rowan County sheriff’s Office

232 N. Main streetsalisbury, NC 28144


iMMEdiAtE PAst PrEsidENtBubba summerlin

NC sBi 1013 W. H. smith Blvd Greenville, NC 27836


www.ncnarc.org

3Vol. 13, No. 2 N C N A R C Fall, 2011

By Brian Arrington, 2011-2012 PresidentNCNEOA President’s Message

What a privilege and honor it is to me to be elected the 2011-2012 President of the NCNEOA. I would like to give thanks to all past presidents and pres-

ent and former board members who have led by example over the past years guiding me along the way and helping me to understand the importance of the leadership positions I have held and now hold with the NCNEOA. Let me also thank the members of this association for having faith in me and electing me to this prestigious position. I intend to con-tinue the tradition of the hard working presidents who have held this position before me.

I have been a part of this association since 2005 and have been a board member for the past five years. Through this association I have established many friendships and built numerous working relationships with various narcotic offi-cers across North Carolina and as a fellow narcotics officer, I can’t begin to tell you the importance of these relationships when it comes to doing the job.

I want you all to know that to lead this Association takes a team effort and the team of officers serving you this year are very capable individuals willing to dedicate their time

for the betterment of the Association. I would also encour-age all members of the association to get more involved in the NCNEOA and the political stance we take. I want to remind you that the NCNEOA is your association and I en-courage each of you to become more involved.

The NCNEOA is in existence to educated and update officers with information needed to build better cases and prosecute drug dealers to the fullest extent of the law, but we are also largely involved with the political battle with the law makers of our state. Most of us have senators and con-gressmen who strongly support law enforcement’s efforts and it is our job to voice our concerns to these individuals to make the necessary changes that would continue to aid law enforcement’s fight against drugs.

I challenge all members of this Association to always be prepared and to always remain passionate during your law enforcement career. Be prepared when you go to work, for the challenges you may face and be passionate about your work.

Follow your passions and success will follow you!

In memory of Warren “Sneak” LewisFrom the First Vice President

By Dennis Wooten

As I write this I realize how hard it is losing a co-worker, well it’s even harder losing a best friend. I remember the first day “Sneak” came to work with me. The North Carolina State Bureau of In-vestigation and Nash County Sheriff’s Office had been working a cocaine trafficking organization

for a couple of months. We decided to take them off the day “Sneak” came to work with us. We took two individuals off with

two kilos in a motel room outside of Rocky Mount, NC. I remember then Sheriff Jimmy Grimes speaking to Sneak in the parking lot of the hotel. He commented to Sneak, “Not bad for your first day, should have moved you a long time ago.” A humorous swipe at me I’m sure.

Sneak made numerous good drug cases as an investigator. Once being assigned to the USMSVFTF, he excelled. On a particular case, we had outstanding federal indictments on a longtime cocaine trafficker. Sneak, in his willingness to work, took leads from other agencies and pressed ahead. He located the sus-pect in the Philippines which eventually led to his extradition to the United States.

It’s cliché to say he was good guy or he’d give you the shirt off his back. In Sneak’s case he would not only give you the shirt off his back, he’d cut your grass and buy you supper. I’ve been told numerous times since his death, “He’s in a better place”. I truly believe that, but everyone who reads this should know this place was a better place when he was here. Personally, I know that and will miss him.

http://www.ncnarc.org

Vol. 13, No. 2 N C N A R C Fall, 2011

www.ncnarc.org

4

NCNEOA“ORGANIZED ENFORCEMENT AGAINST NARCOTICS”

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION

NCNEOA "ORGANIZED ENFORCEMENT AGAINST NARCOTICS'

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

(PLEASE PRINT)

General membership is open to any sworn law enforcement officer who is employed full-time by a duly constituted governmental authority and who is engaged in the enforcement of laws governing illegal drugs and narcotics.

NAME: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Last First Middle initial

DOB: _______________________________________ SSN: ____________________________________________

MAILING ADDRESS: _____________________________________________________________________________

CITY: __________________________________________ STATE: ____________ ZIP CODE: ___________________

AGENCY: ____________________________________________________ RANK: ____________________________

TELEPHONE WORK: __________________________________ HOME: ____________________________________

BENEFICIARY NAME/ADDRESS: ___________________________________________________________________

DO YOU HAVE A N.C. TRAINING & STANDARDS INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE? ______ Yes ______ No

IF SO, DO YOU HAVE A SPECIALTY? _____ Yes _____ No LIST: ______________________________________

E-MAIL ADDRESS: _______________________________________________________________________________

DATE OF APPLICATION: __________________ APPLICANT SIGNATURE: __________________________________

New Member ($25.00) Renewal ($25.00) Associate ($25.00)

• ALL MEMBERSHIPS EXPIRE ON DECEMBER 31s1

Associate Membership is open to any individual with an expressed interest in the work of NCNEOA and a willingness to support the purposes of NCNEOA.

Payment of annual dues includes subscription to NCNEOA Magazine. Life Insurance, and Training.

MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO: NCNEOA MAIL APPLICATION TO: PHILLIP LITTLE, PO BOX 266, EL1ZABETHTOWN, NC 28337 FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL: 910-862-6968 WEB-SITE: WWW.NCNEOA.ORG

tim McLawhorn, 95 Edgewater rd., Washington, NC 27889


www.ncnarc.org


1981-83 KenRazza,HickoryPoliceDepartment

1984 JimMorris,EmeraldIslePoliceDepartment

1985 AnthonyDennis,CarteretCountySheriff’sDepartment

1986-88 RalphMcKinney,ClevelandCountySheriff’sOffice

1989-91 TonyKeller,CatawbaCountySheriff’sOffice

1992 LeeTate,EdgecombeCountyDrugTaskForce

1993 PhillipLittle,BladenCountySheriff’sOffice

1994 KevinDuckworth,MorgantonPoliceDepartment

1995 ScottParker,NashCountySheriff’sOffice

1996 BobKennedy,BoonePoliceDepartment

1997 LeonardHudson,BeaufortCountySheriff’sOffice

1998 TimNelson,NCStateBureauofInvestigation

1999 MartyFerrell,HighPointPoliceDepartment

2000 GeorgeShaver,NewBernPoliceDepartment

2001 SteveSurratt,NCStateBureauofInvestigation

2002 JeffEddins,NCStateBureauofInvestigation

2003 PhilHamby,ForsythCountySheriff’sOffice

2004 TimMcLawhorn,BeaufortCountySheriff’sOffice

2005 ChrisP.LaCarter,HickoryPoliceDepartment

2006 RandyJohnson,NCStateBureauofInvestigation

2007 KevinBlack,IredellCountySheriff’sOffice

2008 MartyFerrell,HighPointPoliceDepartment

2009 AndyLeBeau,BoonePoliceDepartment

2010-11 BubbaSummerlin,NCStateBureauofInvestigation

NCNEOA Past Presidents



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From the Editor:Warren “Sneak” Lewis.

It was an honor and pleasure to get to know you over the years.

I will not forget the day that Albert “Bubba” Summerlin called me to tell me what had hap-pened. I felt an immediate void as the news of your death sunk in. I remember thinking about your family and wondering what agony they were now facing. I take some solace in knowing

that you died doing what you believed in and doing what you loved. I also know that this world was a better place having you in it, and we were all better people with you as a friend. I will miss seeing you at the conferences, but I will never forget the times that I did get spend with you. I will always remember seeing you and asking, “If Scotty Parker knew where you were and what you were doing”. You would always come back with something as sarcastic as I had.

Sneak, your death will not be in vain. Those of us left here will continue the work, and con-tinue to fight the good fight. We will make sure that your family and everyone we come in contact with knows that you were and are still a hero. I know from my faith that you are in a better place. I also know that your suffering is over and we will meet again one day. Until we meet again my brother, know that you touched many and will be greatly missed.

I love you man.

Kevin L. BlackNCNEOA Magazine EditorPast President

Nash County Sheriff’s OfficePress Release

June 9, 2011

Sheriff Dick Jenkins of the Nash County Sheriff’s Office regretfully announc-

es that one of his Deputy’s has been killed in the line of duty tonight. Investigator

Warren “Sneak” Lewis, who was assigned to the Eastern North Carolina Fugitive

Task Force, was shot while attempting to serve a warrant for Homicide along with

other members of the Task Force in the city of Kinston, NC.

Investigator Lewis has been a member of the Nash County Sheriff’s Office

for over 9 years. He has served on the Eastern NC Fugitive Task Force for the

last three years. Sheriff Jenkins states “Investigator Lewis was a gentle soul and

would go out of his way to give you the shirt off his back if he thought you needed

it. He will definitely be missed, and he leaves a void at this office that will never

be filled.”


www.ncnarc.org


Forever My HeroSneak, today is Labor Day and we are not at the lake for the first time in 17 years. I can not put into words how our lives have changed without you here. But there is one thing I do know for sure I am so proud of you, even in your death. You lived every minute to its fullest and in every part of who your were you were a living testimony on what it meant to be a man, a husband, a father, son and friend. I am so grateful to God for bringing us together, and I am a better person because of you. I do know you are with the Lord now and I have to finish raising our two beautiful girls with out you here, but you dear laid such a wonderful foundation in their lives that that task will not be so hard. There were so many things left unsaid but I hope you know I will always be your girl. I will love you forever and again I am so proud of you. You, Warren Sneak Lewis will forever be my hero! -ShannonLewis,Wife

Staying StrongJuly22,2011I will not ever get used to looking your name up here. We all miss you so much and it’s been over a month now. It is still not real. Shannon and the girls are holding up and staying so strong. They are such an inspiraton to the whole community. You would be proud. Your mom and dad as well. I know why you were such a great person, they taught you well. I hope you are playing corn hole and having fun. Thank you for being my friend and I will always be here for Lauren and Ashley. You will not have to worry about them at the school. They will have me there. Love ya my friend and I think about you everyday, several times a day. -DeputyM.M.Strickland, NashCountySheriff ’sOffice

A True FriendSeptember5,2011I see alot of people call you Officer Lewis, but to those who knew you best you were “Sneak”. Buddy, you are missed so dearly and the Narc conference and OCDETF won’t be the same without you. You were the prime example of how we should all conduct ourselves. Words cannot express what a joy it was working with you. You always made us laugh and feel welcome in your county. God will be pleased to have you. We have definitely lost a TRUE friend. God’s speed to ya buddy, until we meet again. -Det.K.Dickerson,OxfordNCPD/Narcotics U.S.MarshalsServiceViolentFugitiveTaskForce,E/NC

Your Letters To Sneak

One of a KindJuly13,2011

Sneak, you were truely one of a kind. I never saw you without a smile, and that had an effect on everyone you came in contact with, good guys or bad guys. At the end of the day, no matter who we were chasing, you showed us to treat the bad guy with respect. It will be hard to move on without you in this fight, but we all know that is what you want us to do...continue the fight against evil. I thank you and your family for being a part of my life. I truly am a better officer and man because of you. You will always be a part of my life. I anticipate the day that we will meet again.

-TFOJeff Lux



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Your Letters To SneakOutstanding OfficersJune14,2011Investigator Lewis. I am sorry we never got a chance to meet under more favorable conditions. When we did it was as I kneeled by your side. You died doing a job only a chosen few step up to accept. I know several deputies at your department and they are all outstanding officers as I am sure you were. Lay down your gunbelt and rest my friend. God bless you brother. -K.DevineK-9Officer KinstonDepartmentof PublicSafety

A Treasured FriendshipJune10,2011Sneak, it’s been a few hours since I heard the news. Even though I see your face on the television screen and I hear the reporters speak your name this just doesn’t seem real. I keep thinking about how many times I saw you when you were excited about some kind of change in your life. Like remodeling the home that you and Shannon would move into, or taking that job at Leith’s, then changing careers into what everyone knew was your passion—law enforcement. Most of all I keep replaying in my mind that night you called me outside and we talked privately about your recent appointment to the Marshal’s Service. I remember how excited and honored you were to have that U.S. Marshal’s badge. Although the dangerous career you chose has led you to this sad day I’ll never doubt your love for your career and that you felt you were exactly where the Lord wanted you to be. I can’t imagine the pain Warren, Ann, Shannon and the girls must be feeling right now. You’ll be missed around town and at the fire department. Thanks for all the great advice that helped me teach my sons how to wakeboard, but most of all thanks for your friendship. -CaptainKeithWilder Cityof RaleighFireDepartment

A Year to RememberJune10,2011Sneak, you made 2007 a year to remember. I am glad I got the pleasure of working with you so much. You kept me smiling and laughing every day and taught me a lot. I loved helping you write that letter to get into the U.S. Marshal Service and you were so proud when you were selected. You were a great guy to work with and you will continue to inspire me. Please God look over his family and his friends and help them through this time. Miss you SNEAK. -OfficerJ.Pironis HendersonPoliceDepartment


www.ncnarc.org


www.LawMemorial.org [email protected]

Law Enforcement Officer Deaths: Mid-Year 2011 Report

Research Bulletin

Law Enforcement Fatalities Increase 14% in First Half of 2011; Firearms-related Fatalities Reach 20-Year HighFollowing an alarming 25% increase in 2010, the number of law enforcement fatalities in the U.S. have continued to rise in the first six months of 2011. According to preliminary data from the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, 98 officers were killed from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2011— a 14% increase from the same time frame in 2010, when 86 officers were killed in the performance of duty.

For 13 years in a row, traffic-related incidents have been the leading cause of officer fatalities, but for the first half of 2011, firearms-related fatalities have out-paced traffic-related fatalities as the primary cause of law enforcement deaths, with 40 officers shot and killed. This represents a troubling 33% increase from 2010, when 30 officers were killed by gunfire.

Four of these officers were from the state of Florida, which has lost 10 officers in the first six months of this year, tied with Texas for the most law enforcement fatalities in the United States. Traffic-related fatalities have claimed the lives of 35 officers in 2011, a 17% decrease from the first six months of 2010, when 42 officers were killed.

Of the 21 officers killed in automobile crashes, 13 law enforcement officers were involved in an assistance activity, six were killed in accidents relating to criminal activity, and two were killed en route to or from work in their patrol vehicles.

A Closer Look: Florida

The data and statistics contained in this report are preliminary and do not represent a final or complete list of individual officers who will be added to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in 2012.

Detective Roger Castillo and Detective Amanda Haworth were shot and killed while serving a felony murder warrant. The officers arrived at the suspect’s residence to serve a warrant when the suspect opened fire, shooting three officers. Detective Castillo was pronounced dead at the scene, and Detective Haworth later died during surgery.

Officer Jeffrey Yaslowitz was shot and killed while serving a warrant for aggravated battery. As Officer Yaslowitz approached the suspect to arrest him, the suspect opened fire and barricaded himself in the attic. Sergeant Thomas Baitinger was shot and killed while trying to rescue the wounded officers. He was part of the entry team assigned to rescue Officer Yaslowitz and a Deputy Marshal. Sergeant Baitinger was also shot by the suspect.

Officer Jeffrey Adam YaslowitzEOW: 1/24/2011

Sergeant Thomas John Baitinger EOW: 1/24/2011

Detective Roger CastilloEOW: 1/20/2011

Detective Amanada Lynn HaworthEOW: 1/20/2011

Miami-Dade Police Department

St. Petersburg Police Department

Total Fatalities: Mid-Year 1961-2011

Reprinted with permission of the NLEOMF.



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2


Firearms-related Fatalities: Mid-Year 2011

Three multiple-fatality, “cluster-killing” incidents (when two or more officers were shot and killed) have occured in 2011— two in Florida (St. Petersburg and Miami-Dade) and one incident in Grundy, VA.

Seven officers were killed when attempting arrest in a non-burglary/robbery situation, followed closely by fatalities while responding to domestic disturbance calls. Four officers, respectively, were killed during burglaries, and while investigating suspicious persons and activities.

In the first half of 2011, firearms-related fatalities reached a 20-year high, with 40 officers killed by gunfire — a 33% increase from that same point in 2010, when only 30 officers were fatally shot.

Eleven officers — 28% of firearms-related fatalities — were shot and killed in January, the deadliest month for gunfire deaths this year. In one 24-hour period, 11 officers were shot, with three killed and eight wounded.

Firearm-related Fatalities: Mid-Year 1961-2011

Circumstances of Fatal Shootings: Mid-Year 2011

Traffic-related Fatalities: Mid-Year 2011For the first time in five years, traffic-related fatalities were lower than firearms-related fatalities, with 35 officers killed in the first six months of 2011, compared to 42 during the same time frame in 2010. Twenty-one officers were killed in automobile crashes, seven were struck and killed, five were killed in motorcycle crashes, and two were struck and killed by a train while in an automobile.

Since 1960, traffic-related fatalities have steadily increased each decade.

Mid-year 1979 had the lowest number of traffic-related fatalities with 17, and they spiked in 2007 when 47 officers were killed in traffic-related incidents.

Traffic-related Fatalities: Two-Year Comparison

Mid-Year Average Traffic Fatalities per Decade: 1960-2010


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3

Thirty-two states lost a law enforcement officer in the first six months of 2011, with Texas and Florida experiencing the most fatalities in the nation. Closely following is New York with eight fatalities and Ohio, with seven. Tennessee, Michigan, and California had four officer fatalities.

Nine federal officers have been killed in the first half of 2011; matching the entire 2010 total. Eighteen states (AK, CT, DE, HI, ID, KS, MN, MT, NV, NH, NM, ND, OK, RI, UT, VT, WV, and WY) and the District of Columbia did not lose an officer in the first half of the year.

Geographic Distribution of Officer Fatalities: Mid-Year 2011

FLTXNYOHCAMITNAZLAMOVAALCOGA

1010 8 7 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2

MDNJNCORSCWAARILINIAKYMEMAMS

2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

NEPASDWI

Federal

1 1 1 1

9

Fatalities by State

States with four or more fatalities

States with at least one fatality




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4

901 E Street NW Suite 100 Washington, DC 20004-2025 202.737.3400 [email protected] www.LawMemorial.orgCraig W. Floyd, Chairman & CEO

Demographic Profile:

Causes of Officer Deaths: Mid-Year 2011 A Closer Look: Correctional Officers

Traffic and firearms-related fatalities accounted for 77% of all law enforcement fatalities in the first half of 2011. Sixteen officers died from physical-related job injuries.

One officer lost his/her life due to each of the following: aircraft accident, beating, electrocution, officer falls to his/her death, bomb blast, crushed, and strangled.

Correctional Officer Casimiro Maximino PomalesNew York State Department of Correctional Services EOW: 1/28/2011

Correctional Officer Pomales was killed in an automobile crash while transporting an inmate.

Correctional Officer Jayme Lee BiendlWashington Department of Corrections EOW: 1/29/2011Correctional Officer Biendl was strangled to death by an inmate who attempted to escape from the Washington State Reformatory.

Correctional Officer Greg MalloyFlorida Department of Corrections EOW: 2/2/2011Correctional Officer Malloy was shot and killed while searching for a suspect wanted for murder.

Correctional Officer Ronald Edward JohnsonSouth Dakota Department of CorrectionsEOW: 4/12/2011Correctional Officer Johnson was assaulted and killed by inmates attempting to escape from the South Dakota State Penitentiary in Sioux Falls.

Corrections Officer IV Craig OrrellTexas Department of Criminal JusticeEOW: 5/12/2011Corrections Officer Orrell died of a heart attack while jogging during an annual physical test.

Jurisdiction


Rank

Police Officer

Deputy Sheriff

Trooper

Sergeant

Correctional Officer

Captain

Detective

Border Patrol Agent

Chief of Police

Deputy Marshal

Park Ranger

Patrolman

Total Fatalities

33

16

8

7

5

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

Rank

Senior Police Officer

Special Agent

Corporal

District Administrator

Game Warden Pilot

Investigator

Lieutenant

Master Patrolman

Patrol Officer

Public Safety Officer

Senior Officer Specialist

Total Fatalities

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Race/Ethnicity

Caucasian

African American

Hispanic

Native American

Asian American

Gender

Female

Male

Average Age

Average Years of Service

78

8

10

1

1

8

90

41

13

Municipal Officers

County Officers

State Officers

Federal Officers

50

23

16

9

This Research Bulletin was produced by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, in conjunction with Concerns of Police Survivors.


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Continued on next page

As U.S. interdiction efforts curtailed the Caribbean drug flow, and Colombian cartels were dismantled with U.S. help, Mexican cartels gained more promi-

nence and power in the flow of cocaine and other drugsWe talk to a lot of people in our effort to track Mexi-

co’s criminal cartels and to help our readers understand the dynamics that shape the violence in Mexico. Our contacts include a wide range of people, from Mexican and U.S. government officials, journalists and business owners to taxi drivers and street vendors. Lately, as we’ve been talk-ing with people, we’ve been hearing chatter about the 2012 presidential election in Mexico and how the cartel war will impact that election.

In any democratic election, opposition parties always criticize the policies of the incumbent. This tactic is espe-cially true when the country is involved in a long and costly war. Recall, for example, the 2008 U.S. elections and then-candidate Barack Obama’s criticism of the Bush administra-tion’s policies regarding Iraq and Afghanistan. This strategy is what we are seeing now in Mexico with the opposition In-stitutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and Democratic Revo-lutionary Party (PRD) criticizing the way the administration of Felipe Calderon, who belongs to the National Action Party (PAN), has prosecuted its war against the Mexican cartels.

One of the trial balloons that the opposition parties, es-pecially the PRI, seem to be floating at present is the idea that if they are elected they will reverse Calderon’s policy of going after the cartels with a heavy hand and will instead try to reach some sort of accommodation with them. This policy would involve lifting government pressure against the cartels and thereby (ostensibly) reducing the level of vio-lence that is wracking the country. In effect, this stratagem would be a return of the status quo ante during the PRI ad-ministrations that ruled Mexico for decades prior to 2000. One other important thing to remember, however, is that while Mexico’s tough stance against the cartels is most of-ten associated with President Calderon, the policy of using the military against the cartels was established during the administration of President Vicente Fox (also of PAN), who declared the “mother of all battles” against cartel kingpins in January 2005.

While this political rhetoric may be effective in tapping public discontent with the current situation in Mexico — and perhaps obtaining votes for opposition parties — the current environment in Mexico is far different from what it was in the 1990s. This environment will dictate that no matter who wins the 2012 election, the new president will have little choice but to maintain the campaign against the Mexican cartels.

Changes in the Drug Flow First, it is important to understand that over the past de-

cade there have been changes in the flow of narcotics into the United States. The first of these changes was in the way that cocaine is trafficked from South America to the United Sates and in the specific organizations that are doing that trafficking. While there has always been some cocaine smuggled into the United States through Mexico, like dur-ing the “Miami Vice” era from the 1970s to the early 1990s, much of the U.S. supply came into Florida via Caribbean routes. The cocaine was trafficked mainly by the powerful Colombian cartels, and while they worked with Mexican partners such as the Guadalajara cartel to move product through Mexico and into the United States, the Colombians were the dominant partners in the relationship and pocketed the lion’s share of the profits.

As U.S. interdiction efforts curtailed much of the Carib-bean drug flow due to improvements in aerial and maritime surveillance, and as the Colombian cartels were dismantled by the Colombian and U.S. governments, Mexico became more important to the flow of cocaine and the Mexican car-tels gained more prominence and power. Over the past de-cade, the tables turned. Now, the Mexican cartels control most of the cocaine flow and the Colombian gangs are the junior partners in the relationship.

The Mexican cartels have expanded their control over cocaine smuggling to the point where they are also involved in the smuggling of South American cocaine to Europe and Australia. This expanded cocaine supply chain means that the Mexican cartels have assumed a greater risk of loss along the extended supply routes, but it also means that they

Tactical Intelligencewith Scott Stewart

June 24, 2011



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Continued from previous pageearn a far greater percentage of the profit derived from South American cocaine than they did when the Colom-bian cartels called the shots.

While Mexican cartels have al-ways been involved in the smuggling of marijuana to the U.S. market, and marijuana sales serve as an important profit pool for them, the increasing popularity of other drugs in the United States in recent years, such as black-tar heroin and methamphetamine, has also helped bring big money (and power) to the Mexican cartels. These drugs have proved to be quite lucrative for the Mexican cartels because the car-tels own the entire production process. This is not the case with cocaine, which the cartels have to purchase from South American suppliers.

These changes in the flow of nar-cotics into the United States mean that the Mexican narcotics-smuggling cor-ridors into the United States are now more lucrative than ever for the Mexi-can cartels, and the increasing value of these corridors has heightened the competition — and the violence — to control them. The fighting has become quite bloody and, in many cases, quite personal, involving blood vendettas that will not be easily buried.

The violence occurring in Mexico today also has quite a different dynam-ic from the violence that occurred in Colombia in the late 1980s. In Colom-bia at that time, Pablo Escobar declared war on the government, and his team of sicarios conducted terrorist attacks like destroying the Department of Admin-istrative Security headquarters with a huge truck bomb and bombing a civil-ian airliner in an attempt to kill a presi-dential candidate, among other opera-tions. Escobar thought his attacks could intimidate the Colombian government into the kind of accommodation be-ing discussed in Mexico today, but his calculation was wrong and the attacks served only to steel public opinion and government resolve against him.

Most of the violence in Mexico to-day is cartel-on-cartel, and the cartels have not chosen to explicitly target civilians or the government. Even the violence we do see directed against Mexican police officers or government figures is usually not due to their posi-tions but to the perception that they are on the payroll of a competing cartel. There are certainly exceptions to this, but cartel attacks against government figures are usually attempts to under-cut the support network of a compet-ing cartel and not acts of retribution against the government. Cartel groups like Cartel de Jalisco Nueva Genera-cion (CJNG) have even produced and distributed video statements in which they say they don’t want to fight the federal government and the military, just corrupt officers aligned with their enemies.

This dynamic means that, even if the Mexican military and federal po-lice were to ease up on their operations against drug-smuggling activities, the war among the cartels (and factions of cartels) would still continue.

The Hydra In addition to the raging cartel-on-

cartel violence, any future effort to reach an accommodation with the car-tels will also be hampered by the way the cartel landscape has changed over the past few years. Consider this: Three and a half years ago, the Beltran Leyva Organization (BLO) was a part of the Sinaloa Federation. Following the ar-rest of Alfredo Beltran Leyva in Janu-ary 2008, Alfredo’s brothers blamed Sinaloa chief Joaquin “El Chapo” Guz-man Loera, declared war on El Chapo and split from the Sinaloa Federation to form their own organization. Follow-ing the December 2009 death of Alfre-do’s brother, Arturo Beltran Leyva, the organization further split into two fac-tions: One was called the Cartel Paci-fico del Sur, which was led by the re-maining Beltran Leyva brother, Hector,

and the other, which retained the BLO name, remained loyal to Alfredo’s chief of security, Edgar “La Barbie” Valdez Villarreal. Following the August 2010 arrest of La Barbie, his faction of the BLO split into two pieces, one joining with some local criminals in Acapulco to form the Independent Cartel of Aca-pulco (CIDA). So not only did the BLO leave the Sinaloa Federation, it also split twice to form three new cartels.

There are two main cartel groups, one centered on the Sinaloa Federation and the other on Los Zetas, but these groups are loose alliances rather than hierarchical organizations, and there are still many smaller independent players, such as CIDA, La Resistencia and the CJNG. This means that a gov-ernment attempt to broker some sort of universal understanding with the car-tels in order to decrease the violence would be far more challenging than it would have been a decade ago.

Even if the government could gath-er all these parties together and con-vince them to agree to cease hostilities, the question for all parties would be: How reliable are all the promises being made? The various cartels frequently make alliances and agreements, only to break them, and close allies can quick-

..changes in the flow

of narcotics into the

United States mean that

the Mexican narcotics-

smuggling corridors

into the United States

are now more lucrative

than ever..


www.ncnarc.org


ly become the bitterest enemies — like the Gulf cartel and its former enforcer wing, Los Zetas.

We have heard assertions over the last several years that the Calderon ad-ministration favors the Sinaloa Federa-tion and that the president’s real plan to quell the violence in Mexico is to allow or even assist the Sinaloa Federation to become the dominant cartel in Mexi-co. According to this narrative, the Sinaloa Federation could impose peace through superior firepower and pro-vide the Mexican government a single point of contact instead of the various heads of the cartel hydra. One problem with implementing such a concept is that some of the most vicious violence Mexico has seen in recent years has followed an internal split involving the Sinaloa Federation, such as the BLO/Sinaloa war.

From DTO to TCO Another problem is the change that

has occurred in the nature of the crimes the cartels commit. The Mexican car-tels are no longer just drug cartels, and they no longer just sell narcotics to the U.S. market. This reality is even re-flected in the bureaucratic acronyms that the U.S. government uses to refer to the cartels. Up until a few months ago, it was common to hear U.S. gov-ernment officials refer to the Mexican cartels using the acronym “DTOs,” or drug trafficking organizations. Today, that acronym is rarely, if ever, heard. It has been replaced by “TCO,” which stands for transnational criminal orga-nization. This acronym recognizes that the Mexican cartels engage in many criminal enterprises, not just narcotics smuggling.

As the cartels have experienced dif-ficulty moving large loads of narcot-ics into the United States due to law enforcement pressure, and the loss of smuggling corridors to rival gangs, they have sought to generate revenue by diversifying their lines of business.

Mexican cartels have become involved in kidnapping, extortion, cargo theft, oil theft and diversion, arms smug-gling, human smuggling, carjacking, prostitution and music and video pi-racy. These additional lines of business are lucrative, and there is little likeli-hood that the cartels would abandon them even if smuggling narcotics be-came easier.

As an aside, this diversification is also a factor that must be considered in discussing the legalization of narcotics and the impact that would have on the Mexican cartels. Narcotics smuggling is the most substantial revenue stream for the cartels, but it is not their only line of business. If the cartels were to lose the stream of revenue from nar-cotics sales, they would still be heav-ily armed groups of killers who would be forced to rely more on their other lines of business. Many of these other crimes, like extortion and kidnapping, by their very nature focus more direct violence against innocent victims than drug trafficking does.

Another way the cartels have sought to generate revenue through alternative means is to increase drug sales inside Mexico. While drugs sell for less on the street in Mexico than they do in the United States, they require less over-head, since they don’t have to cross the U.S. border. At the same time, the street gangs that are distributing these drugs into the local Mexican market have also become closely allied with the cartels and have served to swell the ranks of the cartel enforcer groups. For example, Mara Salvatrucha has come to work closely with Los Zetas, and Los Aztecas have essentially become a wing of the Juarez cartel.

There has been a view among some in Mexico that the flow of narcot-ics through Mexico is something that might be harmful for the United States but doesn’t really harm Mexico. In-deed, as the argument goes, the money the drug trade generates for the Mexi-

can economy is quite beneficial. The increase in narcotics sales in Mexico belies this, and in many places, such as the greater Mexico City region, much of the violence we’ve seen involves fighting over turf for local drug sales and not necessarily fighting among the larger cartel groups (although, in some areas, there are instances of the larger cartel groups asserting their dominance over these smaller local-level groups).

As the Mexican election approach-es, the idea of accommodating the cartels may continue to be presented as a logical alternative to the present policies, and it might be used to gain political capital, but anyone who care-fully examines the situation on the ground will see that the concept is to-tally untenable. In fact, the conditions on the ground leave the Mexican presi-dent with very little choice. This means that in the same way President Obama was forced by ground realities to fol-low many of the Bush administration policies he criticized as a candidate, the next Mexican president will have little choice but to follow the policies of the Calderon administration in continuing the fight against the cartels.

About the authorScott Stewart is STRATFOR’s VP,

Tactical Intelligence. He is a former Diplomatic Security Service Special Agent who was involved in hundreds of terrorism investigations, most notably the 1993 World Trade Center bomb-ing and the follow-on New York City bomb plot investigation, during which he served as lead investigator for the U.S. State Department. He led a team of Americans who aided the govern-ment of Argentina in investigating the 1992 bombing of the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, and was involved in investigations following a series of attacks and attempted attacks by the Iraqi intelligence service during the first Gulf War.



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16

Facts About Prescription Drug Abuse

Medications can be effective when they are used properly, but some can be addictive and dangerous when misused. This chart provides a brief look at some prescribed medications that—when used in ways other than they are prescribed—have the potential for abuse and even addiction.

Fortunately, most Americans take their medications responsibly. Addiction to prescription drugs is rare. However, in 2003, approximately15 million Americans reported using a prescription drug for nonmedical reasons at least once during the year.

Order NIDA publications from NCADI: 1-800-729-6686 or TDD, 1-800-487-4889

More than 6.3 Million Americans Reported Current Use of Prescription Drugs

for Nonmedical Purposes in 2003

Source: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004.

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0Stimulants Sedatives and

TranquilizersPain Relievers

Milli

ons

ofAm

erica

ns

Past Month Use of Selected Illicit Drugs Among Youths, by Age: 2003

18.016.014.012.010.0

8.06.04.02.0

0Marijuana

Perce

ntUs

ingin

Past

Mon

th

Psychotherapeutics Hallucinogens

12 or 1314 or 15

Source: Office of Applied Studies, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004.

What types of prescription drugs are misused or abused?Three types of drugs are misused or abused most often:

� Opioids—prescribed for pain relief

� CNS depressants—barbiturates and benzodiazepinesprescribed for anxiety or sleep problems (often referredto as sedatives or tranquilizers)

� Stimulants—prescribed for attention-deficit hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD), the sleep disorder narcolepsy, or obesity.

How can you help prevent prescription drug misuse or abuse?� Keep your doctor informed about all medications you

are taking, including over-the-counter medications.

� Take your medication(s) as prescribed.

� Read the information your pharmacist provides beforestarting to take medications.

� Ask your doctor or pharmacist about your medication,especially if you are unsure about its effects.

1.2

1.9

4.7

Inhalants

16 or 17

1.0

7.2

15.6

1.8

4.1

6.1

1.4 1.4 1.00.2 1.0

1.9

The Shifting Sands of a Drug EpidemicBy Calvina Fay, Executive Director Drug Free America Foundation, Inc.

In case you missed the news headlines, prescription drug abuse is the nation’s fastest-growing drug problem and has been classified as an epidemic. Americans, consti-

tuting only 4.6% of the world’s population, have been con-suming 80% of the global opioid supply, and 99% of the global hydrocodone supply, as well as two-thirds of the world’s illegal drugs.

Nearly one-third of people aged 12 and over who used drugs for the first time in 2009 began by using a prescrip-tion drug non-medically according to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Within one short decade, we have seen the misuse of pre-scription drugs, particularly opiods, skyrocket out of con-

trol, destroying families and communities, and putting a strain on healthcare systems, law enforcement, and judicial officials – a clear indication that legalizing more drugs could not possibly solve our na-tion’s drug problem!

Retail sale of commonly used opiod medications such as methadone, oxycodone, fentanyl base, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, morphine, meperidine, and codein, have in-creased from a total of 50.7 million grams in 1997 to 126.5 million grams in 2007. This represents an overall increase in use of 149 percent with increases ranging from 222 per-cent for morphine, 280 percent for hydrocodone, 319 percent for hydromorphone, 525 percent for fentanyl base, 866 per-


www.ncnarc.org


Shifting Sands, cont.cent for oxycodone, to 1,293 percent for methadone. The average sales of opiods per person have increased from 74 milligrams in 1997 to 368 milligrams in 2007, a 402 per-cent increase.

At a time when state and federal governments are strug-gling with budget issues, the prescription drug problem is draining the coffers of Medicaid and Medicare. This is ex-perienced through added health conditions, increased ac-cidents and suicides or attempted suicides, and a resulting significant surge in emergency room visits.

The estimated number of U.S. emergency room (ER) visits involving the nonmedical use of narcotic pain reliev-ers rose from 144,644 in 2004 to 305,885 in 2008. This in-crease was driven by visits involving the three most reported narcotic pain reliever products – oxycodone (152 percent in-crease), hydrocodone (123 percent increase), and methadone (73% increase).

One significant contributor to the increased ER visits is the boost in suicide attempts. In 2009, there were 77,971 ER visits for drug-related suicide attempts among males. Ac-cording to SAMHSA, between 2005 and 2009, among males ages 21 to 34, the following increases were seen: ER vis-its for drug-related suicide attempts increased 54.6 percent (19,024 to 29,407); visits involving pain relievers increased 60.2 percent (from 7,185 to 11,509); visits involving anti-depressents increased 155.2 percent (from 1,519 to 3,876); and visits involving drugs that treat anxiety or insomnia in-creased 93.4 percent (from 5,918 to 9,706).

The surge in ER visits for drug-related suicide attempts, however, is not limited to 21-34 age group. Between 2005 and 2009, narcotic pain reliever involvement in ED visits for suicide attempts almost doubled among visits made by males aged 35 to 49 (from 2,380 to 4,270). It almost tripled among visits made by males aged 50 or older (from 882 to 2,589). And, of course, the problem is not a male only issue.

In my home state of Florida, which has been dubbed the “Pill Mill Capitol” of the nation, an average of 7 people per day die from prescription drugs - mostly pain killers. The problem is so severe that Florida’s Surgeon Gen-eral declared a public health emergency in the state. In the first six months of 2010, doctors in Florida pre-scribed nine times more oxycodone than was sold in the entire nation during that same period.

Loosely operated clinics, known as “pill mills” have been abundant in Florida and have contributed to the

abuses of pain medication. In Bro-ward County alone, more than 130 pill mills operated. Over a two-year period, pain clinic business owner Vincent Colangelo al-legedly distributed more than 660,000 oxycodone pills, enriching him and his partners to the tune of $150,000 a day. Another physician, Dr. Zvi Peper, wrote scripts for 387,000 oxycodone tablets in six months at a Delray Beach pain clinic. The state is considered a significant supplier to addicts from other states and law enforcement officials esti-mate that about 60% of illegal pain pills in Kentucky come from Florida.

This phenomenon is difficult to understand by some who question why prescription drugs that are developed to help people deal with health issues are so commonly abused and end up creating health issues. The answer is somewhat sim-ple. There is a general perception that since they are legal, prescription drugs are safe. This answer actually correlates with the data from the national household surveys that we have studied for decades. When perception of harm is up, use of drugs is down. When perception of harm drops, use goes up. This concept has, of course, always been applied to illegal drugs but, obviously that same holds true with legal drugs.

Another answer is that since prescription drugs are legal, they are easy to obtain. Yet another, and very unfortunate answer, is that long term legitimate use of prescriptions can, and often does, lead to dependency and addiction.

Prescription drugs are commonly obtained through street dealers, fraudulent prescriptions, doctor shopping, pain clin-ics that excessively over-prescribe and encourage scripts for cash on premises (pills mills), and from friends and family members who share their prescriptions or who invite theft by failing to properly secure them.

Another very common way for prescription drugs to be obtained is through the Internet. A research study was con-ducted in 2007 by CASA at Columbia University. A total of 210 hours was devoted to documenting the number of Internet sites dispensing selected prescription drugs. The researchers discovered that of the 187 sites found to be sell-

ing control prescription drugs, 157 (84 percent) did not require any prescription; 52 (33 percent) clearly stated that no prescription was needed; 83 (53 percent) offered an “online consultation”; and 22 (14 percent) made no

mention of a prescription. Only 30 of the 187 sites found during the study required a prescription. Of these, 17 (57 percent) only required patients to fax a prescription;




www.ncnarc.org

18

4 (13 percent) required that a patient mail the pre-scription; and 9 (30 percent) indicated that a doctor would be contacted prior to dispensing the drug.

So, what can be done about this growing prob-lem that will help to save the lives of family mem-bers and other loved ones? Lots but, it takes a

collaborative effort.DOCTORS can do their part

by obtaining knowledge about ad-diction and discussing the issue with their patients.

They can drug test patients periodically if they sus-pect drug abuse or addiction. First, and foremost,

though doctors can and should try alternative treatment be-fore prescribing powerful pain medications that can addict their clients.

PATIENTS can also play a part in prevention of prescrip-tion drug abuse. They can and should ask questions about their condition, treatment plan, recommended medications, and potential side effects. Patients should be very skeptical of multiple prescriptions and/or prescriptions that contain an unusually large quantity of doses. They should pay atten-tion to the effects of the medication that they are taking, discuss them with their physician, and take their medication only as prescribed.

Much pressure is brought to bear on physicians today who see patients in ERs, hospitals, and clinics to make the customers (patients) happy so that they will become repeat customers. Surveys are routinely sent out to customers fol-lowing a visit to the facilities, asking if they were satisfied with the service/treatment that was rendered and specifical-ly asking if the attending physician adequately responded to their need for alleviating their pain. As a result, these doc-tors frequently prescribe powerful pain medication when it may not be necessary. When this occurs, patients should question the need of such prescriptions.

PARENTS play an extremely vital role in protecting their children from prescription drug abuse. When a child has dental surgery or suffers from a sports related injury, den-tists and other doctors all too often prescribe strong opiod medications when perhaps something less potent and addic-tive such as Ibuprofen would suffice. They also frequently prescribe 30 or more doses when perhaps only 7 to 15 doses should be adequate to get the patient through the period of intense pain. These situations should always be questioned, especially when the patient is a young person.

Parents should secure current medications in their home (regardless of who it is intended for) and talk to their chil-dren about the dangers of abusing or misusing these drugs. Parents need to help their children understand that just be-cause they are legal, they are not harmless. Parents should

familiarize themselves with the warning signs of drug abuse and intervene early when signs of abuse are present. Just as one would seek professional advice for other medical condi-tions, parents should seek out the advice and assistance of substance abuse professionals immediately when they sus-pect a child is abusing drugs – illegal or legal.

Parents should also ensure that all old medications are safely disposed by either dropping them off at legally sanc-tioned prescription drop off stations (frequently located at police stations) or grinding them up in cat litter or dirt be-fore placing them in the trash. Medications should never be flushed down the toilet or drains and should never be left sitting around the house after they have expired or are no longer needed.

FRIENDS AND FAMILY MEMBERS play an impor-tant role in preventing prescription drug abuse also. We all should secure our medications at all times. Obviously, for safety reasons they should be kept out of the reach of small children who might ingest them without understanding the danger. But, meds should also be kept away from older children who might be tempted to steal them for purposes of getting high. Even when you do not have children liv-ing in your house, you should be concerned about visitors such as grandchildren, nieces, nephews, children of friends, and neighbors. And, of course, there are the adults who come into your house that may be looking for opportunities to feed their addiction – relatives, repairmen, friends, and neighbors.

We all should remember that it is illegal and potentially dangerous to share our medication with others for any rea-son. We should make sure that all of our family members understand why sharing medication is wrong and can be harmful.

Friends and family members are typically the first to rec-ognize when an individual has developed a problem with drugs and can play a crucial role in conducting or arrang-ing a supportive intervention with treatment options for any loved one that might need help.

The signs of prescription drug abuse are similar to those of abuse of other drugs: dramatic changes in behavior; abrupt mood swings; personality instability; continued use; dramatic changes in appearance; excessive over the counter medicine use; always looking for money; family and friends missing money; escalating problems at school or work; ne-glecting responsibilities; problems with law enforcement; and abandoning favorite activities – just to name a few. The sad thing is that by the time enough of these indicators be-come obvious to the average person, the individual typically is pretty far along in their addiction.

LAWMAKERS can also be a part of the solution to this

Continued from previous page


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tragic problem of prescription drug abuse. They can pass laws and allocate funding to implement secure prescrip-tion drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) that track patient prescriptions to ensure multiple prescriptions for the same condition are not being obtained from different doctors. Currently, at least 35 states have operational PDMPs and 11 additional states and 1 U.S. territory have passed legis-lation authorizing the development of a program. Because all states do not have PDMPs and because data sharing and interoperability between states has not been implemented, the full benefit of PDMPs has not been realized but, this is a goal worthy of pursuit.

Laws can and are being passed to require doctors to pur-chase secure prescription pads or to utilize secure online prescribing to deter prescription pad thefts and forgeries. Regulations and prescribing guidelines can and should also be implemented to tighten down on the operations of pain clinics. A logical requirement would be to prohibit physi-cians in most settings from dispensing addictive pain meds.

Another effective measure that can be taken is to track the type and quantity of drugs that pharmacies buy from wholesale distributors. And last, but certainly not least, ef-forts should be undertaken to better regulate online phar-macies to both reduce abuses and protect innocent custom-ers from doing business with criminals who are producing poison in a bathtub and selling it disguised as a legitimate medicine. Requiring online pharmacies to be certified and requiring them to post their certification number which is routinely monitored by officials would help this situation.

Clearly, no one action will fix this enormous problem that we face with prescription drug abuse but, if we all do our part, we can save one life at a time. I’m tired of being confronted on a regular basis by ordinary people who are heartbroken over the death of loved ones or struggling to save the lives of loved ones who are hooked on prescriptions and just cannot seem to get and stay sober. I’m tired of cry-ing with them and wringing my hands and being unable to

reduced pain and anxiety; feeling of well-being; lowered inhibitions; slowedpulse and breathing; lowered blood pressure; poor concentration / confusion,fatigue; impaired coordination, memory, judgment; respiratory depression andarrest, addictionAlso, for barbiturates—sedation, drowsiness / depression, unusual excitement,fever, irritability, poor judgment, slurred speech, dizzinessfor benzodiazepines—sedation, drowsiness / dizzinessfor flunitrazepam—visual and gastrointestinal disturbances, urinary retention,memory loss for the time under the drug’s effectsincreased heart rate and blood pressure, impaired motor function / memoryloss; numbness; nausea / vomitingAlso, for ketamine—at high doses, delirium, depression, respiratory depression and arrestpain relief, euphoria, drowsiness / respiratory depression and arrest, nausea,confusion, constipation, sedation, unconsciousness, coma, tolerance, addictionAlso, for codeine—less analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression thanmorphine

increased heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism; feelings of exhilaration,energy, increased mental alertness / rapid or irregular heart beat; reducedappetite, weight loss, heart failureAlso, for amphetamines—rapid breathing; hallucinations/ tremor, loss of coordination; irritability, anxiousness, restlessness, delirium, panic, paranoia,impulsive behavior, aggressiveness, tolerance, addictionfor cocaine—increased temperature / chest pain, respiratory failure, nausea,abdominal pain, strokes, seizures, headaches, malnutritionfor methamphetamine—aggression, violence, psychotic behavior / memoryloss, cardiac and neurological damage; impaired memory and learning, tolerance, addictionfor methylphenidate—increase or decrease in blood pressure, psychoticepisodes / digestive problems, loss of appetite, weight loss

no intoxication effects / hypertension, blood clotting and cholesterol changes,liver cysts and cancer, kidney cancer, hostility and aggression, acne; adoles-cents, premature stoppage of growth; in males, prostate cancer, reducedsperm production, shrunken testicles, breast enlargement; in females, men-strual irregularities, development of beard and other masculine characteristics

Substances: DEA Schedule*/Category and Name Examples of Commercial and Street Names How Administered** Intoxication Effects / Potential Health Consequences

*Schedule I and II drugs have a high potential for abuse. They require greater storage security and have a quota on manufacturing, among other restrictions. Schedule I drugs are available for research only and have no approved medical use; Schedule II drugs are available only by prescription (unrefillable) and require a form for ordering. Schedule III and IV drugs are available by prescription, may have five refills in 6 months, and may be ordered orally. Most Schedule V drugs are available over the counter.

**Taking drugs by injection can increase the risk of infection through needle contamination with staphylococci, HIV, hepatitis, and other organisms.***Associated with sexual assaults.

+Not available by prescription in U.S.Printed September 2002, Revised April 2005

Depressantsbarbiturates Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, Phenobarbital; barbs, reds, red birds, phennies, tooies, II, III, V/injected, swallowed

yellows, yellow jacketsbenzodiazepines (other Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Valium, Xanax; candy, downers, sleeping pills, tranks IV/swallowedthan flunitrazepam)flunitrazepam***+ Rohypnol; forget-me pill, Mexican Valium, R2, Roche, roofies, roofinol, rope, rophies IV/swallowed, snorted

Dissociative Anestheticsketamine Ketalar SV; cat Valium, K, Special K, vitamin K III/injected, snorted, smoked

Opioids and Morphine Derivativescodeine Empirin with Codeine, Fiorinal with Codeine, Robitussin A-C, Tylenol with Codeine; Captain II, III, IV/injected, swallowed

Cody, Cody, schoolboy; (with glutethimide) doors & fours, loads, pancakes and syrupfentanyl Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze; Apache, China girl, China white, dance fever, friend, goodfella, II/injected, smoked, snorted

jackpot, murder 8, TNT, Tango and Cashmorphine Roxanol, Duramorph; M, Miss Emma, monkey, white stuff II, III/injected, swallowed, smokedopium laudanum, paregoric; big O, black stuff, block, gum, hop II, III, V/swallowed, smokedother opioid pain Tylox, OxyContin, Percodan, Percocet; oxy 80s, oxycotton, oxycet, hillbilly heroin, percs II, III, IV/swallowed, injected,relievers (oxycodone, Demerol, meperidine hydrochloride; demmies, pain killer suppositories, chewed, crushed, meperidine, Dilaudid; juice, dillies snortedhydromorphone, Vicodin, Lortab, Lorcet; Darvon, Darvocethydrocodone, propoxyphene)

Stimulantsamphetamines Biphetamine, Dexedrine; bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, II/injected, swallowed, smoked,

truck drivers, uppers snortedcocaine Cocaine hydrochloride; blow, bump, C, candy, Charlie, coke, crack, flake, rock, snow, toot II/injected, smoked, snortedmethamphetamine Desoxyn; chalk, crank, crystal, fire, glass, go fast, ice, meth, speed II/injected, swallowed, smoked,

snortedmethylphenidate Ritalin; JIF, MPH, R-ball, Skippy, the smart drug, vitamin R II/injected, swallowed, snorted

Other Compoundsanabolic steroids Anadrol, Oxandrin, Durabolin, Depo-Testosterone, Equipoise; roids, juice III/injected, swallowed, applied

to skin

Selected Prescription Drugs With Potential for AbuseVisit NIDA at www.drugabuse.gov U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

National Institutes of Health




www.ncnarc.org

20

wave the magic wand to fix the problem. We must do more to prevent the problem from ever occurring.

Addiction and deaths due to prescription drug abuse happen every day and happen to or-dinary law-abiding citizens as well as the “bad” guys. No one, no family is immune. It is my problem and it is your problem!

In closing, I want to point out that for the past couple of years, I have watched the grow-ing abuse of prescription drugs and have wor-ried that as we tighten down on this issue and make it more difficult for people to illegally obtain opiod prescriptions and to abuse them, we can expect to see many of thosea who are addicted switch over to heroin. As more and more states implement PDMPs, mandate secure prescribing, and regulate pain clinics, heroin will become a much easier drug to obtain than the prescriptions. Already we are seeing signs of increases in heroin use around the country. I feel the sands shifting under us and the poten-tial for a heroin epidemic blowing our way!

We need your help to battle this epidemic. Here is what you can do:• Visit www.dfaf.org to learn more about the issue.• Join Save Our Society at www.saveoursociety.org to stay in-

formed.• Communicate with your lawmakers; let them know that this is a

problem that must be solved.• Talk with family members about the issues to prevent and to

intervene when needed.• Dispose of old meds properly.• Lock up your meds.

Continued from previous page

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ABOUT US

Save Our Society From Drugs (S.O.S.) is a 501(c)(4) national nonprofit organization committed toestablishing, promoting, and enabling sound drug laws and policies that will reduce illegal drug use,drug addiction and drug-related illness and death. Our purpose is to help Americans defeat ballotinitiatives, statutory proposals and other attempts to “medicalize” unsafe, ineffective andunapproved drugs such as marijuana, heroin, and crack cocaine.

We work to educate our nation’s lawmakers and activate grassroots anti-drug coalitions to combatdrugs and the effects of drug use on our communities.

S.O.S. advocates for abstinence-based drug prevention and treatment, and supports student andemployee drug testing efforts, and drug court programs.

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Save Our Society From Drugs (S.O.S.) is a 501(c)(4) national nonprofit organization committed to establishing, promoting, and enabling sound drug laws and policies that will reduce illegal drug use, drug addiction and drug-related illness and death. Our purpose is to help Americans defeat ballot initiatives, statutory proposals and other attempts to “medicalize” unsafe, ineffective and unapproved drugs such as marijuana, heroin, and crack cocaine.

We work to educate our nation’s lawmakers and activate grassroots anti-drug coalitions to combat drugs and the effects of drug use on our communities.

S.O.S. advocates for abstinence-based drug prevention and treatment, and supports student and employee drug testing efforts, and drug court programs.


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2011 Conference

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OPTIMATM

CREMATION SERVICEPia Parris

Optima Cremation Service, LLC2918 Manufacturers Road

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JP Wrecker Towing

Lynn Greenleaf

Outer Banks Massage Therapy

Piggly Wiggly

Quality Towing

R S B Tobacco

R S Distribution

Riddick Repair Service

Sullivan & Snow PLLC

Terra Cognitum LLC

Trans Global Communication Inc.

GOLD

Brunswick Family Dentistry PLC

SILVER

D McGeary’s Sports Tavern

H and R Block

Matt Mulhern

CORPORATE

Boilerworks Inc.

Crystal Coat Enviromental Inc.

D & S Discount Tobacco Store

Island Contracting Inc.

Lucky Street Tattoo

Michael Grimes C I T

Puff n’ Stuff

Respicare D M E Inc.

Stanton Homes


www.ncnarc.org


IntheNewsThe “Tribute in Light” memorial is in remembrance of the events of September 11, 2001, in honor of the citizens who lost their lives in the World Trade Center attacks. The two towers of light are composed of two banks of high wattage spotlights that point straight up from a lot next to Ground Zero. The “Tribute in Light” memorial was first held in March 2002. This photo was taken from Liberty State Park, New Jersey on September11, 2006, the five-year anniversary of 9/11.

USAF photo by Denise Gould.

The 9/11 Memorial was dedicated on September 11, 2011 the 10th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks in a ceremony for victims’ families. It opened to the public on September 12, 2011.

New memorial

OPENED9/11/12

www.911memorial.org

Renderings by Squared Design Lab


If you are interested in how to get your agency profiled in the next magazine, please find my contact info on our website @ NCNARC.org In fairness we will try to alternate agencies from east to west.

PRESRT STDU . S . P O S T A g E

P A I DDULUTH, MN

PERMIT NO. 1003

North Carolina Narcotics Enforcement Officer’s AssociationP.O. Box 266Elizabethtown, NC 28337

Get

Profiled!

Spring 2011 Conference in Carolina Beach

ncnarc.org



Vol. 13, No. 2

Documents

Transcript of Vol. 13, No. 2