VoIP Cookbook:Building your own Telecommunication Infrastructure

ByOnno W. PurboAnton Raharja

Edited ByNurlina Noertam

Funded ByInternet Society Innovation Fund (ISIF)

One Destination Center December 2010

TableofContentsABOUTTHEAUTHORS.........................................................................................................................1PREFACE...................................................................................................................................................2CHAPTER1:VoIPOverview....................................................................................................................3

HowVoIPWorksforDummies.............................................................................................................3WheretoStart?......................................................................................................................................4WhatIsInternetTelephony?..................................................................................................................5

CHAPTER2:Becomingauser.................................................................................................................7PCtoPCInternetTelephoneCall.........................................................................................................7Usingsoftphone...................................................................................................................................11

InstallingXLite..............................................................................................................................11XliteConfiguration........................................................................................................................15InstallEkiga....................................................................................................................................19ConfiguringEkiga...........................................................................................................................19ConfiguringAccountinEkiga........................................................................................................27

TestyourSIPSoftphone......................................................................................................................30CHAPTER3:VoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers..............................................................................35

LinksysPAP2AnalogTelephoneAdapter........................................................................................36LinksysIPPhoneSPA941..................................................................................................................41WiFiIPPhone......................................................................................................................................46

LinksysWirelessGIPPhone.........................................................................................................47HewlettPackardIpaq6395.............................................................................................................56

ActivatingIpaq6395'sWirelessCapability...............................................................................56RunningSJPhone.......................................................................................................................58SJPhoneFeatures.......................................................................................................................64UsingSJPhonetoplacecallthroughIpaq6395........................................................................65

Nokia...............................................................................................................................................68NokiaWirelessConfiguration..................................................................................................69SIPServerandAccountConfigurationinNokiaE61................................................................73InternetTelephoneConfigurationinNokia...............................................................................76RegisteringtoVoIPSoftswitch..................................................................................................77CallingusingInternetTelephoneinNokiaE61.........................................................................80

VoIPinADSLModem........................................................................................................................82ADSLModemConfiguration........................................................................................................83VoIPConfigurationinLinksysWAG54GP2..................................................................................86

CHAPTER4:InterconnectivityandTelephoneNumberAllocation.......................................................93GettingFreeWashingtonStateTelephoneNumber.............................................................................94FreeInternetCountry:CountryCode+882........................................................................................97IntroducingyourcountrycodetoInternationalVoIPnetwork..........................................................104VoIPRakyat'sENUM

...........................................................................................................................................................106ConnectingtoPSTNandCellularUsingVoIPDiscount...................................................................116VoIPCheap........................................................................................................................................118

CHAPTER5:AsteriskSoftswitch.........................................................................................................120MinimalResourceforAsterisk.........................................................................................................121AsteriskInstallation...........................................................................................................................121CompileAsterisk...............................................................................................................................122ConfiguringAsterisk.........................................................................................................................124ENUM.CONFConfiguration............................................................................................................124SIP.CONFConfiguration..................................................................................................................125EXTENSIONS.CONFConfiguration...............................................................................................126

CHAPTER6:AsteriskforIncomingandOutgoingcalls.....................................................................129DefiningSIPChannelinsip.conf.....................................................................................................129AsteriskasSIPClient........................................................................................................................129GenericSIPconfiguration................................................................................................................131DAHDIUsageForVoIPCards..........................................................................................................141

DAHDIArchitecture.....................................................................................................................142Kernel.......................................................................................................................................142Tools.........................................................................................................................................142

DAHDISampleinstallation..........................................................................................................143DAHDIextensions.conf.....................................................................................................................146

CHAPTER7:BrikerSoftswitch.............................................................................................................148Briker'sInstallationProcess...............................................................................................................148Briker'sConsole.................................................................................................................................154Briker'sWebConfiguration...............................................................................................................156ZaptelConfiguration.........................................................................................................................159SIPTrunk...........................................................................................................................................160IAX2Trunk.......................................................................................................................................163H323Trunk........................................................................................................................................165ZAPTrunk.........................................................................................................................................167OutboundRoutes...............................................................................................................................168InboundRoutes..................................................................................................................................170InteractiveVoiceResponse................................................................................................................171SetupRecordings...............................................................................................................................171RingGroups.......................................................................................................................................172PinSets...............................................................................................................................................174

CHAPTER8:OpenSIPSHighPerformanceSoftswitch........................................................................175CompileOpenSIPS............................................................................................................................175PrepareUserDatabaseServer............................................................................................................176Useopensipsctl..................................................................................................................................178SomeRoutingTechniqueinOpenSIPS.............................................................................................178

HowtoroutetoPSTNandCellular..............................................................................................179HowtorouteusingAreaCodeforinterconnectedSIPServers....................................................180

HowtorouteENUMQueryinOpenSIPS....................................................................................181TestENUMQueryinOpenSIP.....................................................................................................181ENUMRoutingTableinOpenSIPSconfiguration.......................................................................182

CHAPTER9:ENUM.............................................................................................................................184ExampleofENUMService...............................................................................................................184DelegationConceptinENUM...........................................................................................................184ENUMImplementation.....................................................................................................................186

BINDInstallation..........................................................................................................................186SetupBINDforENUMServer.....................................................................................................186TestDNSforENUMQuery..........................................................................................................188

ENUMDelegationinBIND..............................................................................................................189CHAPTER10:ConferenceServeronAsterisk.....................................................................................191

ConfiguringConferenceRoomMeetMe...........................................................................................191ConfiguringDialplanforConference...............................................................................................192ActivatingConferencewhileOperating...........................................................................................193

CHAPTER11:TrunkPeeringinAsterisk..............................................................................................195CHAPTER12:NATandFirewall..........................................................................................................196CHAPTER13:VoicemailinAsterisk....................................................................................................198CHAPTER14:MoreonAsterisk'sDialplan..........................................................................................201

PatternExtension..............................................................................................................................201Attachingcontext..............................................................................................................................201TheExtensionPattern.......................................................................................................................202

Extension......................................................................................................................................203PredefinedExtensionNames.......................................................................................................203DefiningExtension......................................................................................................................204AninterestingExtensionExamples..............................................................................................206

VariableandEquation.......................................................................................................................208Reloading...........................................................................................................................................208ForwardingtoanotherAsterisk.........................................................................................................208

CHAPTER15:VoIPIPPBXHardware.................................................................................................210LinksysSPA9000...............................................................................................................................210

LinksysSPA9000Configuration..................................................................................................211ConfiguringVoIPonLinksysSPA9000......................................................................................214

CHAPTER16:AnalogTelephoneAdapterforconnectiontoPSTN....................................................219LinksysSPA3000AnalogTelephoneAdapter.................................................................................220

ConfigureLinksysSPA3000.........................................................................................................221LinksysSPA3000ATAStatus......................................................................................................225

LevelOneVOI2100AnalogTelephoneAdapter...............................................................................227LinksysSPA400withfourFXOs......................................................................................................246

UsingtheSPA400withAsterisk..................................................................................................246ConfigureAsterisktotalktoLinksysSPA400.............................................................................248ConnectPSTNusingLinksysSPA9000andLinksysSPA400.....................................................251ConfigureLinksysSPA9000totalktoLinksysSPA400..............................................................260

CHAPTER17:OpenBTS.......................................................................................................................261OpenGSMInfrastructure..................................................................................................................261History...............................................................................................................................................261FieldTest............................................................................................................................................261Niue...................................................................................................................................................262GNURadio.........................................................................................................................................262

LibraryInstallation.......................................................................................................................263WxWidgetInstallation..................................................................................................................263SWIGInstallation.........................................................................................................................264QWTInstallation..........................................................................................................................264GNURadioInstallation.................................................................................................................264USRPHandling............................................................................................................................265USRPVerification........................................................................................................................266

OpenBTSInstallation........................................................................................................................268AGlimpseonOpenBTSConfiguration............................................................................................269AsteriskConfigurationtoworkwithOpenBTS................................................................................270

AutomaticSIMRegistration.........................................................................................................272OpenBTSOperation..........................................................................................................................272

CHAPTER18:PeeringAmongProviders..............................................................................................274FreeSIPProxyServers......................................................................................................................276BecomingaPeerinSIPNetwork...........................................................................................................................................................276

CHAPTER19:InternetTelephonyBandwidth.....................................................................................278CodingDecoding(CODEC)..............................................................................................................278MeanOpinionScore(MOS).............................................................................................................279MOSandRFactorvaluesforG.711,G.723,andG.729....................................................................281CalculatingTheRequiredBandwidth...............................................................................................282CalculationforCallCenter................................................................................................................285VoIPCapacityPlanning.....................................................................................................................287

CHAPTER20:VoIPEvaluation............................................................................................................291EvaluateVoIPPerformanceusingVQManager................................................................................291

VQManagerInstallation...............................................................................................................291SomeoftheImportantScriptsofVQManager.............................................................................292ActivateVQManagerWebService...............................................................................................293ChangingtheMonitoredInterface................................................................................................301InsertingnewInterface................................................................................................................301MonitorVoIPPerformance...........................................................................................................302

EvaluateVoIPPerformanceusingSIPp.............................................................................................311InstallationofSIPp........................................................................................................................311InstallationofSIPpWebfrontend..................................................................................................311TransactionOrientedTestusingSIPp...........................................................................................312AccesstotheSIPpWebfrontend...................................................................................................315

CHAPTER21:VoIPTroubleshooting...................................................................................................326

CODECandVocoder........................................................................................................................326PreparingAVoIPReadyNetwork.....................................................................................................327Minimalrequirement/configuration................................................................................................327Testpriortooperationofthesystem.................................................................................................327SomeUsefulReferencesForVoIPTroubleshooting........................................................................328

References..............................................................................................................................................329VoIPHardware..................................................................................................................................329VoIPSoftswitch.................................................................................................................................329VoIPClientSoftware.........................................................................................................................329TestingSoftware................................................................................................................................329

APPENDIXA:Exampleof/etc/sip.conf...............................................................................................331APPENDIXB:SIPpCOMMANDS......................................................................................................341APPENDIXC:File/usr/local/etc/opensips/cfgtestuas.cfg................................................................348

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

OnnoWPurboisatechiewhowrotemanypracticalICTbooks.Hehasbeenapopularspeakeratmanyseminarsandconventions.HewithdrewfromhispositionasanIndonesiancivilservantandretiredasalecturerattheBandungInstituteofTechnology,becominganICTactivist.HehaswrittenthousandsofarticlesandpapersandauthoredmorethanfortybooksonICTandthereforereceivedseveralawards,includingaSabaticalAwardfromtheInternationalDevelopmentResearchCenter(IDRC),aCanadianCrowncorporationaimedathelpingdevelopingcountriesusescienceandtechnologytofindpractical,longtermsolutions.Hisprofileisathttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki/index.php/Onno_W._Purbo

AntonRaharjaisthefounderofthelargestcommunitybasedSIPSoftswitchVoIPRakyatinIndonesia.HeisalsotheleaddeveloperofBriker,anopensourceSIPsoftswitchappliance.BesidesBriker,Antonactivesindevelopingseveralopensourceapplications,suchas,PlaySMS(SMSGateway),PlayVoIP(theVoIPRakyatEngine),PlayBilling(InternetCafeBillingSystem),WiFiRakyatetc.HehasservedinmanytalkandseminarsonVoIPandOpenSourcesoftware.HeiscurrentlytheTechnicalDirectorofPT.JelajahMediaInformatika,WANDKI,JakartaandtheCEOofPT.InfotechMediaNusantara,Jakarta.In2008,hereceivedaFOSSAwardfromtheIndonesianMinistryofInformationandCommunication.Hisprofileisathttp://www.antonraharja.web.id/curriculumvitae/

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PREFACE

ThisbookisaimedtoprovideapracticalknowledgetosetupacommunitybasedtelephonenetworkbasedovertheInternetInfrastructureA.K.A.InternetTelephoneorVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP).Manyrealworldexampleonequipmentandapplicationsoftwaresetupandinstallationsareprovided.

Wewouldliketothankmanyfriendsathttp://www.asterisk.org,http://www.opensips.org,http://www.voiprakyat.or.id ,http://www.e164.org aswellasmanyforumandmailinglistswithoutwhomitwouldbeimpossibleforustogainalotofknowledgeandideas.

IwouldliketothankmanyofourcomradesthatmanagedtokeeptheirspirithighinmakingasignificantchangeinIndonesiantelecommunicationarea.SomeofthemareSumaryo,DonnyBU,BasukiSuhardiman,HariyantoPribadi,M.Ichsan,HeruNugroho,MichaelSunggiardi,andJudiPrasetyo;aswellasmanyfriendsonthemailinglists.

OnnoW.PurbowouldliketothanktheInternationalDevelopmentResearchCenter(IDRC)http://www.idrc.catosupporthisearlierworkonVoIP.EspeciallytoICT4Dgroup,specially,RichardFuchs,RenaldLafond,GrahamTodd,JoshSkinner,SteveSong,NancySmyth,HeloiseEmdon,MireilleLerouxandFrankTulus.

WewouldliketothankInformationSocietyInnovationFundISIFhttp://www.isif.asia,especiallySylviaCadenaandherteamforsupportingusindocumentingourknowledgeoncommunitybasedInternetTelephony.

WehopethisbookwillenablemorecommunitybasedtelecommunicationandtelephoneprovidersovertheregionalInternet.Furthermore,wehopeitwillenablealowcostaccesstotelecommunicationintheregion.

Jakarta,December2010TheAuthors

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CHAPTER 1: VoIP Overview

Inmanycountries,specially,thedevelopingcountries,peopleseeksforlowcostcommunicationsolutions.Today,Internetisbecomingmoreaccessibleformanypeopleandcorporatesinthesecountries.HavingaccesstoInternet,onemayeasilydeployTelephonenetworkovertheInternetinfrastructure.ItisknownasVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)alsoknownasInternetTelephony.

ThecuurentVoIPtechnologyisquiteadvanced.Itiscurrentlysimilarifnotmoreadvanceandmayreplacetheexistingtelephonetechnologyevenrecognizingthe+format.Interestingly,mostofthetechnologyisopensourceandreadilyavailableontheInternet.Furthermore,ourexperienceshowsthatthecurrentSoftswitchperformanceonaXeonServermachineisfairlysimilartomediumsizeTelcoswitch.Thus,itwouldbebeneficialforthosewhowishtoimplementtelecommunicationinfrastructuretoseeksolutioninVoIPtechnology.

ThisbookisaimedtoprovideapracticalknowledgetosetupacommunitybasedtelephonenetworkbasedovertheInternetInfrastructureA.K.A.InternetTelephoneorVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP).Manyrealworldexampleonequipmentandapplicationsoftwaresetupandinstallationsareprovided.ItishopedtoenablemorecommunitybasedtelecommunicationandtelephoneprovidersovertheregionalInternet.Intheend,itwillenablealowcostaccesstotelecommunicationintheregion.

How VoIP Works for Dummies.

AoverlysimplifiedfigureonhowVoIPnetworkworkisshowninFigure1.1.TheheartofVoIPnetworkisthesoftswitch.Itstoresallinformationonthesubscribers.Inasimpleview,aVoIPsoftswitchbasicallyhasatablemappingthephonenumberofthesubscriberandthecomputerorIPaddressofthesubscriber.

Everytime,asubscriberwantstomakeacalltoanothersubscriber.Theclientequipmentwillaskthesoftswitchthedestinationaddressoftheothersubscriber.ThedestinationaddresscanbeanIPaddress.Thus,thesoftswitchbasicallystoreinitstable,thephonenumberofthesubscriberandtheirIPaddress.

VoIPwillbemorefun,aswecanuseIPPhoneinsteadofacomputerassubscriberequipment.IPPhonelookssimilartonormalphone.However,itismuchsmallerthanacomputer.Thus,theclientequipmentmayberun24hourswithoutconsumingtoomuchelectricity.

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Figure1.1HowVoIPWorks.

Formoreadvanceduser,wemayinsertananAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA)intothenetwork.AnATAisanothertypeofclientequipment.ItmayactasgatewaybetweenVoIPnetworkandlegacyphonenetwork.Thus,anyoneonVoIPnetworkmaycalltotheoldphonenetwork.

Where to Start?

Thebookisdesignedtomeettheneedfor ThosewhowishtotryandtobecomeaVoIPuseronly. ThosewhowishtoexploreonhowtosetupmoreadvanceVoIPuserappliances. ThosewhowishtofindVoIPcorporatesolutions. Thosewhowishtoexploreonsettingupahomebrewsoftswitch. AdvancedtechiesthatwantstoknowindepthhowtooperateaTelcooverInternet.

ForVoIPnewbieusers,equipedwithPC,soundcardandaccesstotheInternet,mightwanttoreadBecomingauser(CHAPTER2)andlittlebitofInterconnectivityandTelephoneNumberAllocation(CHAPTER4).

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ForthosewhowishtoexploreVoIPappliancesmightinterestedinVoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers(CHAPTER3).Chapter3coversalotofhardwares,including,IPPhone,WifiPhone,AnalogTelephoneAdapter,ADSLModem.

ThosewhoaremoreinterestedincorporatesolutionsmightbeinterestedinVoIPIPPBXHardware(CHAPTER15)andAnalogTelephoneAdapterforconnectiontoPSTN(CHAPTER16).AnymaterialsonVoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers(CHAPTER3)wouldalsohelp.

ForthosewhowishtosetupahomebrewVoIPsoftswitch,itisbeneficialtoreadBrikerSoftswitch(CHAPTER7)andwithlittleefforttoreadAsteriskSoftswitch(CHAPTER5)andOpenSIPSHighPerformanceSoftswitch(CHAPTER8).ForadvancehomebreweratopiconENUM(CHAPTER9)mightbeofinteresttosetthesystemtorecognize+numberingformatasusedinTelconetwork.

Therestofthetopics,suchas,VoIPBandwidth,conferenceserver,detailedondialplan,trunking,peering,evaluationofVoIPperformance,VoIPtroubleshootingareaimedformoreadvancedusersthatreallywantstofinetunetheInfrastructure.

What Is Internet Telephony?

Inasimpledefinition,VoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)orinternettelephonyisatelephonenetworkovertheinternet(TCP/IP)network.Thus,youcoulduseVoIPanywhereaslongasyouareconnectedtotheinternet.

Therearetwomaininternettelephonytechnology,i.e.,H.323andSessionInitiationProtocol(SIP)thatarefrequentlyused.TheformerisanolderstandarddevelopedbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU),theleadingUnitedNationsagencyforinformationandcommunicationtechnologyissues.Thelatter,SIP,isamoreadvancedtechnologydevelopedbytheInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF),alargeinternationalcommunityconcernedwiththeinternetarchitectureanditsdevelopment.Inshort,itissufficientforyoutoknowthattheseprotocolsarethemainengineofVoIPcommunication.ThisbookwillconcentrateonSIPtechnologyasitiscurrentlythemainenginebehindmanyadvancedVoIPdeploymentontheInternet.

HowgoodthequalityofVoIPcommunicationdependsonthetypeofCodecemployedinagivencommunication.ShortforCodingDecoding,Codecisaprocessofturninganalogsignaltodigitalsignalviceversa,allowingaudioandvideotobesentoverthecomputernetwork.Insuchprocess,codecminimizetheuseofbandwidthfortransferringthesignaldatawhileensuringthatthevoicereceivedremainsclear.Avarietyofcodecshavebeendeveloped.

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DespitethatVoIPcommunicationcanbeprovidedforfree,youstillneedtomeetsomebasicrequirements.Theyincludetherequiredequipmentsandsoftware.Attheveryleast,youneedanIPbasednetworkusingTCP/IPandacomputerwithsoundcards,headsets,microphonespeakerandhavethecomputerbeconnectedtoanetworkortheInternet.Softphone,thesoftwarerequiredforVoIPcommunication,isprovidedforfree.

Ifyouhavemoremoneytospend,youcanbuyVoIPreadyequipmentsthatcanbeoperatedwithnoneedforconfigurationorveryminimalconfiguration.Inaddition,youcanavoidthehassleofturningonyourcomputereachtimeyouwanttocommunicatethroughVoIP.Attheminimum,youcanbuyanIPPhone,aphonethatcanbepluggedintoLANnetwork.SomeoftheseIPPhoneshaveWiFicapability,allowingyoutousethephonewhenconnectedtoahotspotnetwork.TherearemanydevicesenablingVoIPcommunication,someofwhichmayormaynotneedconfigurations.

Ifyou'rebuildingamuchmorecomplicatednetwork,youcanimplementIPPBXorInternetTelephonyGatewayalsoknownasAnalogTelephonyAdapeter(ATA),amediumbetweeninternettelephonynetworkandconventionalphonenetwork.

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CHAPTER 2: Becoming a user

NowthatyouknowwhatVoIPis,youmaywanttolearnhowtocommunicateusingVoIPtechnology.Forpracticalreason,inthisearlystageoflearning,wewilluseaSIPprovidercalledVoIPRakyathttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id.,inordertohelpyougraduallyunderstandhowtouseVoIP.TheserviceisnotfavorableforusersoutsideIndonesia,asVoIPRakyat'sserverisphysicallylocatedinIndonesia,therebymakingtheVoIPaudioqualitygoodforthosewholiveinIndonesiabutnotsoforusersoutsideIndonesia.However,theknowledgegainfromVoIPRakyatexperiencesmaybeusedforanyavailableSIPprovidersinyourcountry.

PC to PC Internet Telephone Call

ThispartwillexplainthesimplestVoIPcalltechniqueusingacomputertocallanothercomputerorVoIPnetwork.Allyouneedisacomputerwithasoundcard,headset,microphoneandinternetconnectivity.Howmuchtheseequipmentswillcostdependonthespecificationyouuse.ButsinceVoIPforpersonalusedoesnotrequiresophisticatedequipment,theseequipmentswillnotcostmuch.Oftheserequirements,bandwidthisperhapsthemostimportant,asitdetermineshowgoodthevoicequalityofyourVoIPcommunication.

ForthisPCtoPCcommunication,youneedtoregisterwithaSIPprovider.Theoneweprovidedasanexampleinthisbookishttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id.ThenyouwilllearnhowtoinstallasoftphoneinyourcomputerthesoftwarerequiredforVoIPcommunicationhowtoconfigurethesoftphonetoregisteryourselfusingtheSIPaccountyouhavecreatedandhowtousethesoftphone.

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Figure 2.1 a free SIP provider called VoIP Rakyat

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Figure 2.2 Registration Process in VoIP Rakyat

ClickRegister(Free)inordertoobtainafreeVoIPRakyatnumber.WithRegister(Free)clicked,therearesomeinformationyouhavetofillin.Theseincludeyouremailaddress,name,address,cityandcountry.NickNamefieldisprovidedforJabber(chatting)account.Attheendofregistrationprocess,weneedtoentertheprovidedSecurityCode.

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Figure 2.3 Successful Registation Process

Afterallinformationisfilledincorrectly,VoIPRakyatprovidesuswithaVoIPnumber,thepassword,NicknamerequiredtoallowustomakeacallandchattingthroughVoIPRakyatnetwork.Pleasenotethattheservernameisvoiprakyat.or.id.

Withtheaccountprovided,allwehavetodoistotransformourcomputerintotelephonehandsetsothattocanbeusedtocallovertheinternettelephonynetwork.

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Figure2.7:Choosewhetheryouwanttocreateadesktopicon,quicklaunchiconandlaunchtheapplicationwhenWindowsstarts

Using softphone

Selecttherightsoftphoneforyourcomputer.MostofthesesoftphonescanbedownloadedfromVoIPRakyathttp://voiprakyat.or.id/download/,oryoucanfindeachofthemfromitswebsite.

Cubix http://www.virbiage.com/cubix.php Idefisk http://www.asteriskguru.com/idefisk/free/ SJPhone http://www.sjlabs.com/sjp.html Xlite http://www.xten.com/index.php?menu=download Ekiga http://ekiga.org

Youneedonlyoneofsoftphones,dependingonwhicheverworksorsuitableforyou;

InstallingXLite

Oncexliteinstallerprogramisrun,wewillbedirectedtoaWelcomingDialogProperties.ClickonNexttoproceedtothenextstepoftheinstallationprocess.

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Figure2.4:XLiteWelcomingInstallationWindow

Whatappearsnextisthelicensingagreementbetweenxlitecreatorandyoubeingtheuser.ThisensuresthatxlitewillnotbeliableforthepoorVoIPvoicequalityproducedbyxlite.Justlikeearlier,clickontheIaccepttheagreementbuttonandclickNext.

NextXlitewillaskwheretheprogramwillbeinstalled.ThedefaultfolderisC:\ProgramFiles\CounterPath\XLite,asshowninFigure2.6.Youcanchangethefolderifyouwant.

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Figure2.5:CounterpathEndUserLicenseAgreement

Figure2.6:Determinethelocationwherethesoftwarewillbeinstalled

Whicheverfolderyouchoose,clickNexttocontinuetheinstallationprocess.

Forquickerandeasierwayofusingxlite,youcanaddxliteasadesktopiconorevensetittoactivatewhenWindowsstarts(SeeFigure2.7).ClickNexttoproceed.

Xlitethenextractsallfilesrequiredfortheprogram(SeeFigure2.8).

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Figure2.8:ThedialogWindowsindicatingthatinstallationisinprogress

Oncetheinstallationprocessiscompleted,youcandirectlyrunXLitebycheckingtheLaunchXLiteboxandclickingFinishbutton.

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Figure2.9:TheWindowsshowingthattheinstallationprocessiscompleted

XliteConfiguration

AlthoughXLitecouldrunthemomentyoucompletedtheinstallationprocess,itdoesnotmeanyoucanuseitimmediately.Youstillhavetoconfigurethesoftphone.ItsconfigurationmenucanbeopenedbyrightclickingonXlite.XLite3.0hastwolinesthatcanbeoperatedsimultaneously.Thisimplieswecanestablishtwoconcurrentcalls,eachtodifferentdestination.

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Figure2.14:EntertheSIPaccountyouhavecreatedinXLiteConfigurationDialogWindow

Figure2.18XLiteappearsjustlikeanordinaryphone

InXLite3.0configuration,youcanentertheSIPaccount(s)givenbyyourprovider.However,thefreesoftwareversionofXLite3.0seemstolimitthenumberofSIPaccountsonlyoneaccount.Thepreviousversion,XLite2.0,allows10SIPaccountstobestoredandused.ClickAddtoentertheinformationoftheSIPaccountyouhavejustcreatedinVoIPRakyatorofanyotherSIPaccounts.

Intheaccounttab,youhavetofillinyourusername,authorizationusername,whichisthephonenumbergivenbytheprovider,thepasswordobtainedfromVoIPRakyatoranyotherSIPproviders;theproxyaddress,whichisvoiprakyat.or.id,theaddressofVoIPRakyat.Otherinformationyoualsohavetofillaredomain,whichisvoiprakyat.or.id,andDisplayname,anynameyouwanttoenter.ThisfunctionsasaCallerIDinatelecomnetwork.

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Figure2.15:WiththeAddbuttonclicked,youcanseethePropertiesoftheSIPaccount.WhatappearsfirstistheAccounttab.

IntheVoicemailtab,wecandeterminetowherewehavetodialinordertolistentoourVoicemail.ForVoIPRakyat,thenumberis904.Enterthisnumberinto"Numbertodialforcheckingvoicemail".Ifyouuseothrprovider,usethenumberprovidedbytheproviderinstead.

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Figure2.16:TheVoicemailtabisusedtosethowyouwouldlikeSJPhonemanagesyourvoicemail

IntheTopologytab,youcanactivateXlite'sabilitytopenetrateFirewall/NAT,toidentifythepublicIPaddressthatisusedandsoon.YoucanalsousethedefaultsettingsthatwillautomaticallyknowthepublicIPaddressthatweuse.However,NATmaystillbeproblematic,asnotallconfigurationcanbetraversedbysignalingprotocolandmediausedaSIPprovider.

ForPresenceandAdvancedtabs,usethedefaultvalues.SomeparametersyoucanchangearethetimeintervalsusedtoperiodicallyregisterouraccounttotheSIPserver.ThisensuresthattheSIPaccount

remainsregistered.Afterallconfigurationsarecompleted,clickOktoactivatetheconfigurations.

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Figure2.16:SettheparametersundertheTopologytabtodeterminehowSJPhoneworkswithNAT/Firewall

Figure2.17:WiththeboxunderEnabledcolumnticked,youcannowuseyourSIPaccount

Onceeverythingisproperlyconfigured,theSIPaccountyouhavejustconfiguredwillbecomeavailable.TicktheboxunderthecolumnEnabledtoactivatetheaccount.ThenclickClosetoclosetheSIPaccountmenu.

Withtheconfigurationcompleted,youcannowstartusingXLite.Iftheregistrationprocessissuccessful,youwillgetamessagestatingLoginonthesoftphonescreenorotherwisethemessagestatesRegistrationErrorandyouhavetocheckwhetheryouhaveproperlyconfiguredthesoftphone.

Toplaceacall,clickonthenumbersalreadyavailableorclickthenumbersonthekeypad.

InstallEkiga

Ekiga(formelyknownasGnomeMeeting)isanopensourceSoftPhone,VideoConferencingandInstantMessengerapplicationovertheInternet.ItsupportsHDsoundqualityandvideouptoDVDsizeandquality.Ekigaisinteroperablewithmanyotherstandardcompliantsoftwares,hardwaresandserviceprovidersasitusesboththemajortelephonystandards(SIPandH.323).

ToInstallEkigainUbuntu,

sudoaptgetinstallekiga

ConfiguringEkigaPrincipally,Weneedtodo

Ekiga>Edit>Accounts>AddaSIPAccount

Theneededinformartionwouldbe

Name :VoIPnumberRegistrar :SIPServerUser :VoIPnumberAuthenticationUser :VoIPnumberPassword :passwordVoIP

IntheearlystartofEkiga,weneedtosetseveralparameters.Wemaycanceltheearlyconfiguration

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processanddoitlaterthroughConfigurationAssistantmenufrom

Ekiga>Edit>ConfigurationAssistant

ThedetailedprocessofConfigurationAssistanceisasfollows,

Figure2.18WelcomeBanner

AwelcomebannerisshownfromtheConfigurationAssistantmenu.PressForwardbuttonomove

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forwardtheconfigurationprocess.

Figure2.19EnterFullName.

Thefirststep,weneedtoenterourfullnameintoEkiga.ThenpressForwardbutton.

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Figure2.10VoIPAccount

Thenextmenu,wecansubmitourAccountatEkiga.net.Ekiga.netmayofferanaccounttomakecalloutcallfromVoIP.Ifwedon'thaveanyaccountatEkiga.net,wemaypressForwardtocontinue.

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Figure2.11TypeofNetwork.

Next,weneedtosetthetypeofnetwork.ThiswillaffecttheCODECusedtocompresstheaudio.ForagoodperformanceinLANenvironment,pleaseselectLAN.PressForwardtocontinue.

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Figure2.12TypeofSoundCard

Next,weneedtosetthetypeofsoundcardtobeusedinVoIP.Ekigaisfairlysmarttodetecttheavailablesoundcard.WehardlyneedtochooseorchangetheEkiga'sselectedsoundcard.Next,weneedtopressForwardbutton.

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Figure2.13TypeofVideoCard

Next,wecanselectthetypeofvideodeviceifoneisconnected.Ekigaissmartenoughtodetectanyvideodeviceonthesystem.Tocontinue,pressForward.

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Figure2.14Finish.

Finally,theconfigurationprocessofEkigaiscompleted.ItwillshowthesummaryoftheparameterinEkiga.PressApplytobeginusesEkiga.

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ConfiguringAccountinEkiga

ConfiguringanAccountinEkigamaybedonethroughmenu

Ekiga>Edit>Accountsor

Ekiga>CtrlE

ThedetailedofVoIPAccountconfigurationinEkigaisasfollows,

Figure2.15StartAccountConfiguration.

AftertheAccountmenuisactivated,wewillseetheabovefigure.

Figure2.16AddSIPAccount.

ClickonAccounts>AddaSIPAccount

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Figure2.17AddSIPAccountinformation.

IntheaboveExample,weentertheparametertouseSIPaccountinVoIPRakyat.Enterthedata,namely,

Name NabilSuhaemiRegistrar voiprakyat.or.idUser 123456AuthenticationUser 123456Password

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Figure2.18AddSIPAccountinformation.

Intheabovefigure,wesettheparameterforlocalVoIPsoftswitchatIPaddress192.168.0.3.

Figure2.19EnableSIPAccount.

MakesuretheaccountisactivatedbyclickinontheAcolumn.Tousetheaccount,weneedtomakesuretheaccountisregisteredtothesoftswitch.

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Figure2.20EkigaReadytouse.

ShownintheabovefigureisEkigaafteritsuccessfullyregisteredtothesoftswitch.AtthebottomofthesoftswitchwecanreallyseethatitRegisteredsip:....Atthispoint,wecanmakeacallbyputtingthedestinationnumberinafterthesip:field.

Test your SIP Softphone

Nowthatyouhaveadjustedbothsoftphones(orjustoneofthem),thenextimportantthingyouhavetodoistotestwhetheritcouldrunproperly.Notethatthequalityofthevoiceproducedbythesoftphoneduringthetestmayhavebeenjustfine,butwhenyoursoftphoneisconnectedtoaVoIPprovider,thevoicequalitycouldbepoor,dependingonmanyotherthingssuchasbandwidthavailabilityandthetypeofcodecrunbythesoftphone.Forthistestpurpose,VoIPprovidersusuallyprovidethetelephonenumbertowhichyoucandial.

Ifyourcomputerisconnectedtoaninternetbehindafirewall,thefirewallmightblockyourconnectivity.InordertomakeyourVoIPconnectivityworkingbehindthefirewall,youhavetoopenPort50606060toenableSessionInitiationProtocol(SIP)andPort800020000forvoicedatadeliveryusingRealTimeProtocol(RTP).Butifyou'renotsurewhattodo,youcansimplyaskyournetwork

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administratortodowhatistoldhere.

Figure 2.21: Just like other VoIP Providers, VoIP Rakyat provides its users with some numbers with which the users can use for testing their VoIP quality

GotoVoIPRakyat'sServiceNumberpage,http://voiprakyat.or.id/services/.ThispageprovidesyouwithsomenumbersthatcanbeusedtotestyourVoIPconnectionandtheirfunctions.Someofthemare:

901whichindicatesthetimeJakarta'stimeandnearbycountries.902noise903echotest

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Figure 2.22: Through VoIP Rakyat's Phonebook, you can see who's online

Intestingthisconnectivity,whatuserswilloftendoistocallanyonefoundonlineinhttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id/?inc=online_phones.Sodon'tbesurprisedifsomeonedialsyournumber.Dependingonwheretheusersare,thecallcomesfromavarietyofcountries,includingtheU.S.

ThereareofcourseotherVoIPphonenumberswhichyoucanusetotestyourVoIPconnection.Theseareprovidedinalonglistavailableinhttp://www.voipinfo.org/wiki/view/Phone+Numbers.IfyouwanttocallusingSIPaddressformat(sip@domain.com),thefollowingisatableofsomenumbersyoumayuse:

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Function SIP Provider SIP Enum

Autoattendant BC Wireless (http://www.bcwireless.net/moin.cgi/NetworkServices/VoiceServices/PublicConferenceRoom).

1000@mutual.bcwireless.net

1 604 484 5289 x8600 through E164.org

Enum2go (http://enum2go.com/) 878107472000010@sip2go.com

Echo Test N3 Network Lab. (http://www.n3network.ch/)

Echo test sip: echo@n3network.ch

sip: 905100@n3network.ch (no G.729)

Mouselike.org (UK) (http://www.mouselike.org/)

904@mouselike.org +441483604781

VoipTalk UK (http://www.voiptalk.org/)

904@voiptalk.org

Reread Called ID

95861111@mutual.bcwireless.net

Welcome Line

FWD 55555@fwd.pulver.com

Ewing IT 611300766674@sip.like2fone.com

Xmission (http://xmission.com/transmission)

xmission@pbx.xmission.com (tidak ada G.729)

UCLA (http://internet2.edu/sip.edu) 13108254321@ucla.edu (tidak ada G.729)

TELL 18005558355@proxy01.sipphone.com

U. Philippines 0116329818500@proxy01.sipphone.com

Personal Telco (http://wiki.personaltelco.net/moin.cgi/

274185@fwd.pulver.com

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SipPhoneDirectory)Patton Electronics (http://www.patton.com/support)

support@patton.com (tidak ada G.729)

Party Line 17475552663@proxy01.sipphone.com (VoIP conference setiap sabtu jam 20:00 GMT)

Ingate (http://www.ingate.com/trysip.php)

music@trysip.ingate.com

MIT (http://sipphone.com/numbers) 16172531000@proxy01.sipphone.com

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CHAPTER 3: VoIP Hardware for experienced Users

Onceyouareexperiencedinusingsoftphone,youmaystartwonderingwhetherthereisaneasierwaytocommunicatethroughVoIP,asusingsoftphoneviaacomputerisnotpracticalyouneedtoturnonyourcomputereachtimeyouwanttocommunicatethroughVoIPorkeepyourcomputerrunningforalongdurationjusttoreceiveincomingcall.Thismaynotbeprudentatall,sincethepurposeofusingVoIPistominimizeyourcost.Besideswastingelectricalenergy,thecomputerinwhichthesoftphoneisrunningcouldcrash.

SoinsteadofusingacomputertocommunicatethroughVoIP,youcoulduseVoIPhardware,equipmentsthatenableyoutocommunicatethroughVoIPefficientlyandaseasyasyouuseyourconventionalphone.

CalledInternetTelephoneappliance,thesehardwaretypicallyhavethefollowingcharacteristics:

itisphysicallysimple,withitsdimensionslightlybiggerthanthesizeofacigarettebox. Thereareportsforconnectingtothenetworkorcomputer,suchasLAN/UTP,USBorwireless

at2.4GHzfrequency. ThereisoneportormoreforconnectingtotelephoneswithRJ11port. Itcanbeconfiguredthroughtheweb.

However,VoIPhardwareisnotfree,asyoustillhavetospendsomemoneyforbuyingtheequipment.ForaboutUS$100,youcangetasetofdecentVoIPhardwareproducedfromChinaorTaiwan.Butdespitethiscost,VoIPhardwarearehighlyrecommended,asyoumayfindthebenefitsthehardwarebringoutweighthecostyouhavetocover,intermsofeaseofuseandenergyefficiency.

ThisChapterwillexplainseveralhardwareavailableinthemarketandhowtoconfigurethem:IPPhone,InternetTelephoneGatewayorbetterknownasAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA),andWirelessIPPhone.TheywayyouconfigureVoIPhardwareisnotmuchdifferentfromwhatyoudowithsoftphone.BasicallyallyouhavetoconfigurearetheIPsettings(IPaddress,subnetmask,andgateway)andregistrationtoSIPserverorproxyserver(Usernameortelephonenumber,passwordandhostnameserver).Often,IPsettingsisconfiguredautomaticallyusingDHCPserveroperatinginanetwork,soyoudon'thavetosettheIPaddress,subnetmaskandgateway.

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Linksys PAP-2 Analog Telephone Adapter

ThesimplesttypeofVoIPhardwareistheAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA),whichcaneasilybeconnectedtoaconventionaltelephone.TheATAusedasanexampleinthisbookistheLinksysPAP2,whichhastwoRJ11ports(FXSports)thatcanbeconnectedtotwoconventionalphones.EachoftheseportscanberegisteredtoaSIPProxyserverindividually.Asaresult,wecouldhavetwoSIPaccounts,eachconnectedtoaconventionalphone.

WhatwehavetounderstandisthatanATAhastwotypeofRJ11connections,namely,

FXOtobeconnectedtoPSTN/Telcoline/PABXextension. FXStobeconnectedtoTelephoneline/FAX.

AfterallUTP,LAN,powerandtelephonecablesarepluggedin,youhavetofirstofallfindouttheIPaddressoftheLinksysPAP2sowewillbeabletoconfigureusingtheweb,bycarryingoutthefollowingsteps:

Press*repeatedlyonthephonekeypaduntilyouhearsomeonetalkingthroughyourphone. Press110#tolistentotheIPaddressfortheLinksysPAP2configuration.

ThenextstepistoconfigureyourPCsothatyoucanconfigureLinksysPAP2throughtheweb.AllyouhavetodoismatchthefamilyIPaddresstoPAP2's,bydoingthefollowing:GotoStart,OpenControlPanel,Networkconnections,localAreaConnection,InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andProperties.ThengotoWebLinksysPAP2fromyourPCthroughthisaddresshttp://ipaddresspap2/.

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Figure3.1:WithATA,youcanuseyourPSTNphoneforVoIPcommunication

Figure3.2:TheinitialmenuthatwillappearisthestatusofLinksysPAP2

ClickAdminLogin,whichisonthetoprighttobegintheconfigurationasanadministrator.

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Figure3.3:YoucandeterminewhetheryouwanttousedynamicorstaticIPaddress

TovieworchangetheIPaddressconfiguration,clickSystem.CheckwhethertheIPaddress,GatewayandDNSputinplacearecorrect.Alternatively,setDHCPtoyessoLinksysPAP2willusetheIPaddressthatisobtainedautomatically.

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Figure3.4:Eachline(line1and2)hasitsownsettingsintheadministrationpanel

InLinksysPAP2wecansetuptwoSIPaccountsregisteredwiththeSIPProxy,witheachaccountconnectedtoaphone.Theaccountsettingscanbedoneinmenu"Line1"and"Line2".

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Figure3.4:Line2taboftheadministrationpanel

Fewimportantstepstodoinactivatinganaccountinbothmenus:

SetLineEnabletoyes. Fillinyouraccountusingthefollowingparameters:

Proxy voiprakyat.or.idUserID telephonenumbergivenbyVoipRakyatPassword thepasswordgivenbyvoiprakyatUseAuthID no

IfyousetAuthIDtoyes,thenfillinAuthIDwiththetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat.DothesameprocessforyourotherSIPaccount,theoneregisteredwithPAP2Line2.Actuallytherearemany

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otherparametersthatcanbeconfigured,butforanormaloperation,itisnotnecessarytoconfigurethem.Soitissufficientforustousethedefaultconfigurationvalues.

Linksys IP Phone SPA 941

UsingIPPhonemightbemoreattractivetomostuswhowanttouseVoIP,ascomparedtousingSoftphone,IPPhoneismuchsimplertouse.Itisphysicallysimilartoaconventionalphone,butunlikeconventionalphone,IPPhoneisdesignedtouseforVoIP,sothereisnoRJ11portliketheoneavailableinconventionalphones.

Figure3.5:AnIPPhoneFigure3.6:IPPhonetypicallyhastwoRJ45ports

WhatIPPhonehasinsteadistheRJ45portforitsLANconnection(ethernetsocket).AsyoucanseeatthebackofIPPhone(showninfigure3.6),bothportsareofRJ45,onetobeconnectedtoaLANwhileanothertothecomputer.Thisallowsustousethephonewhileusingthecomputerfortheinternet.Howeverkeepinmindthatyourbandwidthmaynotbesufficientforboth.SoonlyusebothatthesametimewhenyouthinkyouhaveenoughbandwidthtoensurethequalityofyourVoIPcommunicationremainsgood.AnIPPhonecanusuallybeconfiguredthroughtheweb.

ThereareabundanttypesofIPPhoneinthemarket.Youcanfindthematthefollowinglink:http://www.voipinfo.org/wiki/view/VOIP+Phones.

ThesortofIPPhoneweuseasanexampleisSPA941.ToobtainitsIPaddress,wehavetodothefollowing:

ClickMenu(illustratedaspapericonbelowthemailbutton) Clickthecursorsoitwillprovideadropdownmenu Findnetwork

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ThereyouwillfindtheIPaddressofSPA941.

NextyouhavetoconfigureyourPCsothatyouwillbeabletoconfigureLinksysSPA941throughtheweb.GotoPC,matchtheIPaddresstothatofSPA941bychoosingStart,ControlPanel,Networkconnections,LocalAreaconnection,InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andProperties.

Figure3.7:ThefirstappearanceyouwillseeisthestatusofLinksysSPA941.

GotoLinksysSPA941webthroughhttp://ipadressspa941.

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Figure3.8:Choosewhichinternetconnectiontypeyouwanttohave

Inthesystemmenu,wecanconfigureourIPaddress,netmask,gatewayandDNSofSPA941.IfyouwishtohavetheIPAddressbedetectedautomaticallyusingtheinformationobtainedfromDHCPserver,youcanjustsetDHCPtoyes.

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Figure3.9:ByclickingonExt2tab,youcansetsomeimportantparametersofExt2line.

BylogginginasAdmin,wewillseethatSPA941hastwoexternallines:Ext1andExt2.EachofthemcanbeconfiguredsoastoberegisteredtodifferentSIPproxy.

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Figure3.10:ByclickingonExt1tab,youcansetsomeimportantparametersofExt1line

TherearetwostepsneededtoactivateanaccountatmenuExt1orExt2:

SetLineEnabletoyes. Fillinthethefollowingparameterswiththeinformationpertainingtoyouraccount:

Proxy voiprakyat.or.idUserID thetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyatPassword thepasswordgivenbyVoIPRakyatUseAuthID no

IfUseAuthIDissettoyes,thenfilltheinAuthIDwiththetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat.DothesamefortheotherSIPaccountyouwanttoregistertoExt2ofLinksysSPA941.

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Figure3.11:Thephonetabofadministrationpanel

InLinksysSPA941,wearegiventhefacilitytoopenaspecificExtbyusingtheLineKeybuttonontherightside.FourLineKeybuttonsareavailable.OnemayprogramthesefourbuttonstwoforeachExtLine.Todotheprogramming,youhavetobeanadmin,bycarryingoutthefollowingsteps:chooseanextension(either1or2)foreachLineKeyandshownumberandfillinitwiththenumberorUserIDgivenbytheSIPProvider.

WiFi IPPhone

WiFiPhonescanbeusedforinternettelephonyconnectedtoIPPBXviaWiFiorHotSpot.Inotherwords,thephonecanbeusedasanextensionofaPABXoraphonewhichisconnectedtoahotspot.SomeoftheseWiFiPhonemayhavedualfunctionsGSMmodeandVoIPitallowsthepossibilityofreceivingaGSMcallorVoIPcallthroughWiFimodeasanextensiontoanIPPBX.

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OperatingWiFiPhoneisnotdifficult.AllyouhavetodoareconfigureyourSIPaccountbyenteringthenameoftheserver,telephonenumberandpassword;searchinganyavailableWiFiaccesspoint;andconnecttoaWiFiAccessPointandgetanIPaddress.

NowthatyouunderstandwhatWiFiPhoneisandhowtooperatethem,wewillprovidesomeexampleonhowtoconfigureandoperateWiFiPhones.

LinksysWirelessGIPPhone

LinksyslaunchedaWirelessGIPPhoneadedicatedWiFiPhone.ItisnotaPDAnorordinarycellphone(Seefigure3.12).IfyouhavetheWiFiPhoneproperlyconfigured,connectedtotheWirelessAccessPointandregisteredtoaVoIPSoftswitch,thenwhatshouldappearonthescreenofthephoneisthenameoftheaccesspointandthetelephonenumberofthephone.Underthiscircumstance,theWiFiPhoneisreadytobeusedforcalling.

InLinksysWiFiPhonemainmenu,thereareatleasttwo(2)thingsyouhavetoconfiguresothatyourphonewillfunctionwell.Firstly,thewirelesssettings,bywhichwecanscananyaccesspointwirelessfrequencyandconnectourphonetotheaccesspointsowecanbeconnectedtotheinternet.Secondtly,thePhoneSettings,allowsustoconfiguretheSIPserverthatweusetocall.Forthelatter,youneedtofillintheinformationpertainingtophonenumbers,passwordsandtheserversused.SinceweareusingVoIPRakyatasanexample,theinformationshouldbethoseofVoIPRakyat.

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Figure 3.12: Wireless-G IP Phone

Figure 3.13: WiFi Phone can be used for VoIP call when it is properly configured

ConfiguringtheWiFiPhoneusingmenushowninthefigure3.14iseasy,butsincethereisnosoftwarethatcouldhelpuscapturethescreensforconfiguringthephone,weusethewebconfigurationinsteadforthepurposeofhelpingyouunderstandhowtoconfiguretheWiFiPhone.Thesameresultshouldotherwisebesimilartothatofdirectphoneconfiguration.IncontrasttoWiFiPhonethatiscombinedwithPDAorGSM,LinksysWiFiPhonecanbeconfiguredusingtheweb,inadditiontofeatureallowingyoutodirectlymakeconfigurationusingthemenuavailableinthephonescreen.

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Figure3.14:Throughthephonemenu,youcanmakedirectconfigurationinordertomakeyourphoneVoIPenabled

Figure3.15:Entertheusernameandpasswordtologintheadministrationpanelsothatyoucanconfigurethephone

Thewebwillappearaswhatisshownasfigure3.15.Itisthedisplaypromptingyoutoenteryourusernameandthepasswordrequiredtoauthenticateyouraccount.Thedefaultfortheusernameandpasswordisadminandadminrespectively.

Figure3.16:ThroughtheNetworkTaboftheadministrationpanel,youcansethowyouwillobtainyourIPaddress

Onceyouhaveenteredtheusernameandpassword,youwillbebroughttotheadministrationpanelwherebyyoucanconfiguretheIPaddress.Normally,inahotspotthatprovidesanyuserconnectingtoitwithfreeIPaddress,wejustneedtosettheconfigurationtoAutomaticConfigurationDHCP.InthecasewheretheIPaddressisnotprovidedautomaticallybythehotspot,youhavetomanuallyentertheinformationpertainingtotheIPaddress,subnetmask,gateway,primaryandsecondaryDNS.TheMACaddressoftheWiFiPhoneappearsbydefault.Onceyouhavefinishedenteringtheseinformation,clickSaveSettingstosavethemintothememory.

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Figure3.17:ByclickingonthePhonebookmenu,youcanAddnewphonenumbersordeleteexistingones

InthePhonebookmenu,wecanaddnewnumbersordeletetheonesalreadylistedthere.Wecanalsoincludemultiplenumbersforeachperson.

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Figure3.18:SIPSettings

IntheSIPSettingstab,wecanconfiguretheIPaddressoftheSIPProxy,SIPPort(usually5060),theIPaddressoftheSIPRegistrar(usuallythesameasthatofSIPProxy),RegistrarPort(alsousually5060),andSIPaccountnumberconsistingoftelephonenumberandthepasswordrelated.AsforVoIPRakyatSIPinformation,fillintheSIPProxyandSIPRegistrarwithvoiprakyat.or.id.

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Figure3.19:TheNATSettings

IntheNATSettingsmenu,youcanconfiguretheProxyaddressandProxyPort.TheProxyaddressforVoIPRakyatisvoiprakyat.or.id.AndtheProxyPortnormallyusedis5060.

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Figure3.20:TheSIPSDPSettingstab

InSIPSDPSettingstab,wecanconfigureseveralthingsrelatedtothetypeofCodec,packettime,DTMFRelay,UDPPortandRTPPort.Theseparametersaregoodbydefault,sojustleavethemasis.

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Figure3.21:Byclickingonthewirelesstaboftheadministrationpanel,youcanfindouttowhichhotspotthephoneisconnected

IntheWirelesssectionwecanseetowhichAccessPointtheWiFiPhoneisconnected.

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Figure3.22:ByclickingontheAdministrationtaboftheadministrationpanel,youcanchangeyourpassword

Inadministrationsection,wecansettheadministrator'susernameandrelatedpasswordfortheWiFiPhone.Thedefaultconfigurationforusernameandpasswordarebothadmin.

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HewlettPackardIpaq6395

PersonalDigitalAssistance(PDA)whichusesPocketPC(PPC)operatingsystem,suchasIpaq6395orotherkindofIpaqhavingWiFicapability,canbeusedforVoIPcommunication.OneofthesoftwarethatcanbeusedforthisPDAisSJPhonePPC,whichcanbedownloadedfromhttp://www.sjlabs.com/sjp.html.Alsoavailableinthissitearethemanualsnecessaryforoperatingthesoftphone.SJPhoneinstallationcanbedoneinthefollowingsteps:connectIpaqtoPCthroughtheprovidedUSBcableandrunthesoftwareonPC,andSJPhonePPCwillbeautomaticallyinstalledinIpaq.

ActivatingIpaq6395'sWirelessCapability

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Figure3.23:HewlettPackardIpaq6395

InordertoaccessinternettelephonyusingPDAIpaq,weneedtoactivatethewirelessconnectivityfeatureavailableinIpaq.ThroughIpaqWirelessmenu,presstheWiFibuttonsothewirelessconnectivitybecomesactive.

Ifallgoeswell,thecoloroftheWiFibuttonwillturngreen,asignwhichindicatesthatthedeviceisproperlyconnectedtothewirelessnetwork.

IfyouwanttomakefurtherconfigurationonhowyouusetheWiFiaccess,clicktheSettingsIcon,whichwillbringyoutoamenushowingvariousaccesspointsmonitoredbyIpaq6395.Choosetheaccesspointtowhichyouwanttobeconnected.

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Figure3.24:ThroughiPAQWirelessSettings,youcanenablethephone'sWiFifeature

Figure3.25:ThegreenWiFiiconindicatesthatyou'reconnectedtoawirelessnetwork

Figure3.26:ByclickingtheSettingsiconnexttotheWiFiicon,youcanseetowhichnetworkyourphoneisconnected

RunningSJPhone

SJPhoneSoftwarecanbefoundasaprogramofPocketPC.Torunit,simplypressthebutton.NotethatthetechniqueforoperatingSJPhonethroughPocketPCisnotsodifferentfromthatwhichrunsinonPC.

IftheSIPaccounthasbeenproperlyconfiguredinSJPhone,whatwillbeaskedfirstwhenyouactivateSJPhoneistheaccountnumberandpasswordrequiredtoaccesssuchSIPaccount.SJPhonewillappearlikewhatisshowninFigure3.29,withitsdialingkeypadandallthebuttonsneededfordialingupandhangingup.

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Figure3.27:InordertorunSJPhone,taptheicon

Figure3.29:TheappearanceofSJPhonedialingconsole

Figure3.28:Enteryouraccountnumberandtherequiredpasswordinordertoinitializetheprofile

Tapthemenubutton.Inmenu,wecanentertheinformationpertainingtotheuser,whichincludesname,emailaddress,locationandevenanypicturewewanttouseasourimage.

Tapthecalloptiontab.Throughthistab,youcanconfiguresomethingslike:

whetherwewanttoautomaticallyreceiveallincomingcalls.ThismenuisinfactveryusefulforthesortofIpaqwithsmallscreenthatmakesusdifficulttoreceiveVoIPcallsmanually.

Whetherwewanttobeleftundisturbed,ignoringallincomingcalls. TheIPaddressusedforoutgoingcalls. LimitingtheCallerIDinuse.

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Figure3.30:ThroughtheuserinformationtabofSJPhonemenu,wecanenterourname,emailandlocation.Wecanevenincludecommentsandourimage

Figure3.31:Settingsofincomingandoutgoingcalls,andNATMappingrefresh

Ingeneral,theseparametersdonotneedtobechanged,possiblyexceptfortheAutomaticallyAcceptIncomingCallstocompensateforthesmallPDAscreen.

Intheprofiledialog,wecanmakedetailconfigurationforeachaccount.Basically,aprofiledefinesanaccount.,whichcanbeeitheraSIPaccountorH.323account.ThelatterisatechnologyonceusedbymanyVoIPproviders.TheformerisatechnologyusedinVoIPRakyat.Thereareseveraloptionsavailableintheprofilemenu:

Newtocreatenewprofile Edittoeditexistingprofile Deletetodeleteexistingprofile Usetouseexistingprofile Initializetoinitializeaprofile Renametochangethenameofexistingprofile

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Figure3.32:Undertheprofilestab,youcaneithermakenewprofile;edit,use,initialize,renameordeleteexistingprofile

Figure3.33:Enterthenameoftheprofile,thetypeofinterfaceituses,andthenameoftheprofilefile

Wheneditingaprofileforthefirsttime,wewillbebroughttothegeneraltaboftheprofile.Herewecandefinethenameoftheprofile,thetypeandnameoftheprofilefile.ForVoIPRakyat,theinterfacetypeweuseisSIPProxy.

Ininitializationtab,wecansettheuserdatainitializationprocess,includingphonenumber/account,passwordandCallerID,whetheruserswillbeinquired,thedatapertainingtotheseparametersneedtobesavedorrequired.Itisrecommendedthatyouusethedefaultsetting,leavingthethesettingsasis.

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Figure3.35:InordertoenableSIPProxy,entertherequiredinformationintheSIPProxytab

Figure3.34Throughtheinitializationtab,configurewhatneedstobeinquired,savedorrequired

Ofallmenusrequiredforconfiguringaprofile,SIPProxyisperhapsthemostimportant.TheinformationenteredtherewilldeterminewhethertheSIPsoftphonecanactuallybeusedornot.Theinformationyouhavetoenterareasthefollowing:

ProxyDomainisyourSIPProxyserver.ForVoIPRakyat,theproxydomainisvoiprakyat.or.id. TheProxyDomainPortisusually5060. UserDomainforVoIPRakyatisvoiprakyat.or.id. ClickRegisterwithproxy

InAdvancedtab,wecanconfiguremoresophisticatedfeaturessuchasvoicemailnumber,removingfancycharactersfromphonenumbers,acceptredirectionrepliesetc.However,tooperateSJPhoneinastandardmode,wedon'thavetochangetheseparameters.

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Figure3.37:SettingsofDTMFtab

Figure3.36:AdditionalsettingsavailableintheAdvancedtab

InDialToneMultiFrequency(DTMF),wecanchooseseveralthingsrelatedtoDTMF:

DTMFissentasvoiceortextdatausingRFC2833. Thedurationofthetone.Thedefaultvalueusedis270ms. TypeofRealTimeProtocolusedinRFC2833is101. ThedefaultDTMFsignalvolumeis10dBm0 Thepausedurationduringwhichthesignalissentininbandmode.Thedefaultvalueis100

ms.

TheSTUNtaballowsustodeterminewhichserverwillbeusedtohelpSIPfindtheIPaddressweuse.ThedefaultSTUNserverusedisstun.softjoys.com,withport3478.SoifyouwanttoapplySTUNtoVoIPRakyat,youcanuseUDPPort3478and3479.

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Figure3.39:TheappearanceoftheconsoleshowingsuccessfulSIPregistration

Figure3.38:STUNSettings

Ifitissuccessfullyregistered,thenthedisplayofthescreenwillsaySIP:registeredasnumber@serverSIP,withthehostnamealsoshownonthescreen.Underthiscircumstance,SJPhoneisreadytobeused.WecanplaceacallthewayweusearegularcellphonewithaPDA.

SJPhoneFeatures

ThereareseveralfeaturesprovidedbySJPhonetohelpusersinusingthephone,oneofthemisthephonebookicon(looklikeanopenbook),whichislocatedatclosetothebottomofthescreen.Throughthisoption,wecanenterthenamesandnumberofourfriends.

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Figure3.40:Tapthephonebookiconinordertosavecontactnumbersandcallthem

Figure3.41:Thephonebookisstillempty,withtheAddicontheonlyavailableoptioninthephonebooktab

Toaddacontact,simplytapAdd,whichisavailableinPhonebooktab.

Withtherespondentdialogpropertiesopen,weneedtoenterthename,nickname(optional),emailandphonenumber.Youcanalsocommentontheuser,perhapsjustincaseyouwillforgetwhothispersonis.

UsingSJPhonetoplacecallthroughIpaq6395

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Figure3.42:Entertheinformationpertainingtoacontact

Figure3.43:Dialsomenumbersinordertoplaceacall

ToplaceacallusingSJPhoneinIpaq6395isnotdifficult.Allwehavetodoistoenterthedestinationphonenumberandpressthedialkeylocatedonthetopright.Ifthecallisconnected,amessagesayingso,thedurationtimeoftheconversationandthecodecinusewillappearonthescreen.

OutgoingCallStatisticcanbeviewedbytappingonthephoneiconwithatriangulararrowpointingdownward.

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Figure3.44:Acallissuccessfullyconnected

Figure3.45:Bytappingontheoutgoingcallicon,youcanseethelistofthenumbersyouhavecalledandthedurationoftheconversation

Incomingcallstatisticscanbeaccessedonthetabavailableatthebottomofthescreen,withthetabappearingasaphonewithatriangulararrowpointingtowardthephone.

MissedCallstatisticscanbeviewedonthemenuavailableatthebottomofthescreen,withtheiconappearingasaphonewithastopsignbelowit.

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Figure3.46:Bytappingontheincomingcallicon,youcanseethelistofthenumbersdialingyournumberandthedurationoftheconversation

Figure3.47:Bytappingonthemissedcallicon,youcanseethelistofmissedcalls

NokiaAspartofcellularmajorindustry,Nokiaseemstohaverecognizedthatinternettelephonywillbeinstrumentalinthefuture.AssuchNokiamakesitpossibleforSymbianoperatingsystemtooperateinNokiahandphone,providingcustomerswithacellularthatcanbereadilyusedforinternettelephony.Intheexample,wewilluseseveralNokiahandphone,suchas,NokiaE61,NokiaE71andNokiaN80.TheformerismoreofPDAtypecellularphonewhilethelatterissmallintermsofdimension.NokiaE61,NokiaE71andNokiaN80areWiFiPhone.

TheWiFiphoneconfigurationforallNokiaissomewhatsimilar,withminordifferencesintermsofmenuappearance.Sogenerally,thosewhoareusedtoSymbianshouldnotencountersignificantchallengesinturningtothesephones.

Figure3.48:NokiaN80

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NokiaWirelessConfiguration

Nokia'sconsoledisplaylookslikewhatisshowninFigure3.51.TherearethingstobeconfiguredsothatNokiacanbeconnectedtobothWiFiandVoIP:

EnableWiFiandcreateaprofileofanaccesspointthatcanbeaccessed. CreateSIPaccount. CreateaProfilefrominternettelephonyfacility.

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Figure3.49:NokiaE61

Figure3.50:

Nokia'sconsole

Clicktheglobeicontoopenthemenu.

Withthemenuopen,selecttools.Throughthisoption,wecanconfigureWiFi,SIP,internetphoneandothersettings.

WiththeToolsiconselected,selectSettingsinordertoaccessconnectionmenuallowingustoconfigureWiFi,InternetTelephoneandSIPsettings.

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Figure3.51:Byclickingthemenuicon,wecanselectavarietyofoptions.

Figure3.52:TherearemanyoptionsavailableinToolsmenu.

InSettings,thereareseveraloptionswecanchoose:Phone,Call,Connection,DateandTimeandSecurity.ToconfigureWiFiAccessPoint,SIPSettings,andinternettelephony,weneedtoconfigureusingtheConnectionsubmenu.

IntheConnectionmenuthereareafewmoreoptions.Weneedtoconfigureonlythreeofthem:AccessPoints,SIPSettingsandInternetTelephonySettings.SelectAccesspoints.

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Figure3.53:UndermenuSettings,configuretheConnection

Figure3.54:OptionsavailableunderConnection

Figure3.57:Thereisnoaccesspointyetshownonthescreen

WiththeAccesspointmenuopen,wecanaddAccessPoint,byselectingtheOptionsmenulocatedatthebottomleftfthedisplay.

ThereareseveraloptionsavailableintheAccessPointsmenu:Edit,NewAccessPoint,Help,DeleteandExit.ToaddanewAccessPoint,selectNewAccessPoint,whichwillbringtwomoreoptions:UsedefaultsettingsandUseexistingsettings.Assumingthatthisisthefirsttimeyou'reusingthephone,selectUsedefaultsettings.

ForcreatinganAccessPointprofile,weneedtosettheConnectionname,typeofconnection(Databearer),andthenameofWLANnetwork.Fordatabearer,chooseWirelessLAN.

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Figure3.58:Youcaneithermakenewaccesspointoreditordeleteexistingaccesspoints.

Figure3.59:Creatinganaccesspointprofile

Ifyouknowthenameofthenetwork,enteritmanually,byselectingEntermanually.Otherwise,letthephonefindanyavailablenetwork,byselectingSearchfornetwork.

SIPServerandAccountConfigurationinNokiaE61

ThroughSIPSettings,wecanconfigureSIPaccountsthatwillbeusedforcalling.ThesettingsisdonethroughOptionsmenuinSIPSetting.

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Figure3.60:Youcaneitherenterthenetworkinformationyoualreadyknoworsearchforanynetworksreachedbyyourcellular

Figure3.61:YoucandotheconfigurationofSIPserverandaccountbyselectingOptions

TherearesomeparametersofSIPSettingsthatneedtobeconfiguredcorrectly: CreateanameforProfilename. ChooseIETFforServiceProfile. FillDefaultAccessPointwithinformationofAccessPointprofileweusetoconnecttothe

internetnetworkthroughWiFi. MakesurethatyoufillPublicusernameparameterwiththeproperformatofSIPnumberyou

use.Forexample,23123@voiprakyat.or.idor2002@192.168.0.2.Theprefixsipwillbeaddedautomaticallyincasethatyouforgettoincludeit.

Nextweneedtosetthefollowingparameters: SetUsecompressionparametertoNo. SetRegistrationparemetertoWhenneededsothatNokiawillpromptuswhetherwewantto

connecttoaSIPsoftswitcheachtimewewilluseSIPPhone. SetUseSecurityparametertoNo.

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Figure3.62:SettingsDemovoipProfile.

Figure3.63:SIPProfileinSIPSettingsinNokiaE61

ThroughtheProxyServerAddressmenu,weneedtoconfigurethefollowing: ProxyServerAddress. Realmforsomereason,itisbesttofillthisparameterwithatelephonenumbersimilartoour

username.InAsteriskIPPBX,thedefaultrealmisasterisk. UsernametelephonenumberorSIPusername. Passwordleavethisblank. SetallowlooseroutingtoYes. FillinTransportTypewithUDP. FillinPortwith5060.

InRegistrarServer,weneedtoconfigurethefollowingparameters: FillinRegistrarServerAddresswithhostnameorIPaddressofourSIPserver.ForVoIP

Rakyat,entervoiprakyat.or.id. FillinRealmwiththetelephonenumberorusername. FillinUsernamewithSIPtelephonenumber. Leavepasswordblank

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Figure3.64:Proxyserversettings

Figure3.65:Regist.serversettings

InternetTelephoneConfigurationinNokia

InInternetTelephonySettings,wecancreateaprofileofInternettelephonyfacilitythatwillbeusedusingNokia.Tosettheprofile,selectOptionsoftheInternetTelephonySettings.

InInternetTelephonyProfileSettings,weneedtoincludeonlytheprofilenameandSIPprofilethatwillbeusedforInternettelephony.Becarefulwhenyou'redoingso.Makesurethattheprofileselectedistobeusedasadefaultprofile,otherwiseourcallwillberejectedwhenweattempttodialusingourcellulartotheVoIPnumber.AllthisordealisunnecessaryifwehavejustoneSIPaccount.

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Figure3.66:InternetTelephonysettings

Figure3.67:Makesuretheprofilechosenistobeusedasadefaultprofile

TheSIPProfileselectionwillbecarriedoutmanuallybyselectingavarietyofSIPProfileswehavecreatedthroughSIPSettings.

RegisteringtoVoIPSoftswitch

ForestablishingconnectiontoVoIP,selectInternettel.(shownasaglobeiconwithyellowphone).ThisisassumingthatyouhaveproperlyconfiguredInternetTelephonysettings.UnlikeNokiaE61,NokiaN80connectstoVoIPthroughoptionavailableinafolderlabeledInternet.GointothefolderandchooseInternetTelephone.

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Figure3.68:Selectingaprofile

Figure3.69:ConnectivitySettings

InInternettelephony(shownasInternettel.),wewillbeprovidedwithtwoparameters: PreferredProfile,thenameofInternetTelephonyProfileweuse. RegistrationStatus,theregistrationstatusofSIPaccountwesetinSIPSettings.

IfwechooseWhenneededintheRegistrationparameterinSIPSettings,thestatusofinitialconditionofinternettelephonysetting,whenInternettelephonyisactive,isNotregistered.

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Figure3.70:Internettelephonysettings

Figure3.71:Internettelephonysettings

Figure3.72:EnableWLANconnectioninofflinemodesoNokiaE61canbeconnectedtoaWiFinetwork

IfweattempttochangethestatusfromNotRegisteredtoRegistered,whatNokiawillfirstlytrytoestablishconnectiontotheAccessPointwhichwehaveconfiguredinSIPSettings.WhenNokiaaskswhetheryouwanttocreateWLANconnectioninofflinemode,selectYes.ThisselectionwillconnectNokiaE61toaWiFinetwork.

Offlinemodecansomewhatbeproblematic,becauseifweareinofflinemode,itmeansthatalthoughweareregisteredwiththeSIPserver,peoplearestillunabletocontactus.TomakesurethatwecanbecontactedviaGSM,weneedtoactivateNokiasoitbecomesonlinemode.OnlinemodewillbepossibleonlyifweareusingSIMcardinthephoneandareconnectedtoacellularnetwork.Inonlinemode,otheruserswillbeabletocontactusthroughbothVoIPorGSM.

OnceconnectedtoaWiFinetwork,wehavetowaitforawhiletoletNokiaregisteritselfwiththeSoftswitch.

Ifregistrationwiththeinternettelephoneiscompleted,thereshouldbeanotificationsayingso,asshowninfigure3.73.SuchnotificationindicatesNokiacannowbeusedforinternettelephony.

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Figure3.73:Aregistrationattemptinprogress

Figure3.74:Theregistrationiscompleted

CallingusingInternetTelephoneinNokiaE61

PlacingacallusinginternettelephoneinNokiaissimilartohowwecallusingotherphone:Wejustneedtotypethephonenumbertowhichwewantdial.

ThenNokiawillaskwhetherthecallisofVoicecall(GSM),videocallorinternetcall.SelectInternetCalltoplaceacallusinginternettelephony.IfwechooseVoicecall,thenthemodeofcommunicationusedtoconnectourcallisofGSM.

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Figure3.75:InitialdisplayofNokiaE61

Figure3.76:Oncethenumberisdialed,weneedtochoosethetypeofcall.

Whenthecallisestablished,wewillgetanotificationonthescreenthatourtelephonenumberisconnectedtothedestinationnumber.

]

Todisconnectacall,simplyselectEndactivecall.

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Figure3.77:Thephoneiconwithasmallglobenexttoitindicatesthatthecallisestablished

Figure3.78:Youcaneithermutethesound,activatehandset,endactivecall,holdthecall,makethecallopenactivestandbyandplacenewcall

VoIP in ADSL Modem

EvenwhenVoIPiswidelyusednowadays,thereareonlyfewADSLmodemswithbuiltinVoIPequipment.OneofthemisLinksysWAG54GP2,asmallmodemthathastwoVoIPequipments.Configurationcanbedoneentirelyusingtheweb,makingitveryconvenientforbothusersandsystemadministrators.

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Figure3.79:anADSLmodem

ADSLModemConfiguration

Figure3.80:TheBasicSetupsubtabundertheSetupTabofthemodemadministrationpanel

Afterenteringtheadministratorpasswordandusername(defaultisadminforboth),wewillbedirectedtothesetuppageofWAG54GP2LinksysADSLModem.Throughthispageyoucanconfigureseveralthingssuchas:

ConfiguringtheconnectiontotheInternet,typeofmodulationused,encapsulation,multiplexingtechniquesused,VCIandVPIvalueoftheADSLconnection.

ConfiguringPPP,usernameandpassword DNSProxyServer

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Figure3.81:Thestatustabofthemodemadministrationpanel

Thesetuppagealsoprovidesinformationongateway,connectivityconnectivityconditioninPVCstatus,andinternetconnectivityconditionincludingtheIPaddress,Subnetmask,Defaultgateway,DNSandfacilityusedtoconnectordisconnectaconnectivity.

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Figure3.82:TheWirelesstaboftheadministrationpanel

InadditionwecanalsoconfigureavarietyoffacilitiesavailableinLinksysWAG54GP2ADSLRouterthroughtheweb:

Wireless Security AccessRestrictions Application&Gaming Administrator

Eachofthesehassubmenu,whichwewillnotexplainanyfurther,aswewillfocusmoreontheVoIPfeatureofthemodem.

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VoIPConfigurationinLinksysWAG54GP2

Figure3.83:TheSystemtabofthemodemadministrationpanel

ThemenuforconfiguringVoIPonWAG54GP2canbefoundinitsVoicemenu.Ingeneral,howtoconfigurethedeviceisnotdifferentfromtheconfigurationotherLinksysequipments,withthefollowingsteps:

Usermodeisprimarilyusedtoviewanyexistingconfiguration. Adminmodeismainlyusedtochangetheconfiguration.

InordertosettheSIPaccount,weneedtochangethebasicviewtoadvancedviewintheAdminmode.

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TheinformationrequiredtosettheSIPaccountareasfollows:

Username/telephonenumber. Password. SIPServeraddress.

Figure3.84:TheInfotabofthemodemadministrationpanel

ItisrecommendedthatyoulookintotheInfosubmenuavailableinVoicemenu.WhatyouhavetolookinparticularistheLinestatus,specificallytheregistrationstateparameter.Onceeverythingisproperlyconfigured,ensurethatwhatisstatedintheRegistrationStateisRegistered.

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Figure3.85:TheSystemtabofthemodemadministrationpanel

SystemconfigurationuseswebfromVoIPLinksysWAG54GP2throughaspecificport,with1880asitsdefaultvalue.Thisportcanbeenabledordisabledthroughsystemmenu.Don'tforgettoclickSaveSettingstostoretheconfigurationsettings.

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Figure3.86:TheInfosubtabofVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel

InAdvancedView,wewillobtainmoreinformation.WhatweneedtoaccessisLine1andLine2menusoastoconfigureSIPaccountinSIPsoftswitchused.OtherparametersinothermenubesideLine1andLine2neednottobechanged.

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Figure3.87:TheSystemsubtaboftheVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel

Insystemmenu,ifnecessary,wecanincludePrimaryandSecondaryDNSparameters.

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Figure3.88:TheSIPsubtabofVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel

ThroughtheSIPmenuwecanconfiguretheports,payload,CODEC,etc.Basically,theseparametersneednottobechanged.Wecanstilluseitsstandardparameterstoachievegoodresults.

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Figure3.89:Line1subtaboftheVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel

InLinemenuparameter,wecansetSIPaccountthatisusedtoregisterwithVoIPsoftswitch.Theparameterswehavetosetareasfollows:

LineEnablesettoYessothelinebecomesactive. Proxyfillinwithname/hostname/IPaddressofthesoftswitchtobeused. DisplayNamefillinwithVoIPphonenumber. UserIDfillwithVoIPphonenumber. PasswordfillwithVoIPpassword.

UseAuthparameterusuallyissettoNo.IfitissettoYes,weneedtofillintheAudthIDparameterwiththeVoIPtelephonenumber.ThesamesettingsalsoappliestoLine2.

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CHAPTER 4: Interconnectivity and Telephone Number Allocation

QuestionsmostlyaskedbyVoIPusersiswhetherVoIPcanbeusedtodialandreceivecallsfromaPSTNorcellularnumber,sinceoneofourpurposesinusinginternettelephonyisthatwewanttohavethistwowayinterconnectivity,particularlytobeabletoreceivecallsfromPSTNorcellular.Unfortunately,thismightnotbeaseasyaswethink,ascallsoriginatingfromPSTNorcellularcanreachoftenonlytelephonenumberslegitimatelyrecognizedbythePSTNorcellular.ThesenumbersareallocatedbyE.164,theofficialnumberingsystemacknowledgedbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion.

However,thegoodnewsisthattherearesomeleewaysmakingitpossibleforustocallPSTNorcellularnumbersusingVoIP.OneofwhichisbysubscribingtoaVoIPproviderthatprovidesuswithPSTNnumbers.Ontheotherhand,wecanalsoregisterourPSTNnumbertointernationalVoIPnetworksoourVoIPaccountcanberecognizedasalegitimatePSTNnumber.Thissectionwillhelpyouunderstandindetailthetechniqueforobtainingthenumber.WecouldgetafreephonenumberfromWashingtonState,US,(http://www.ipkall.com)whichenablecellular/PSTNuserstocallusonVoIPnetwork.

NotethattoreceiveacallfromPSTNprovider,itissufficienttouseacomputer,softphoneandinternetconnectivity,preferablykeptonlinefor24hours,asifweareusingordinaryphone.Obviously,aswehaveexplainedearlier,itispreferabletouseVoIPhardwaresuchasIPPhone.

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Getting Free Washington State Telephone Number

Figure 4.1: You can get a free phone number from IPKall

AwebsitethatprovidesWashingtonStatetelephonenumberforfreeisIPKallhttp://www.ipkall.com,withthenumberhaving+1prefix,theconventionalcountrycodeforUnitedStatesofAmerica.Itis

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interestingtonotethatthisnumber,althoughavailableasavirtualnumber,canactuallybecalledfromotherPSTNnumberindifferentcountries,witheachcountry'sinternationalratesappliedtothecall.Tobeabletoenablethenumber,youneedtohaveaSIPaccountfromaSIPproviderorusetheoneyouhavecreatedinVoIPRakyat.

Figure4.2:Youcanlogonusinganexistingaccount,orcreateanewaccountonthespot

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OncewehaveaSIPaccount,thenextstepwehavetodoissignuptowww.ipkall.cominordertogetWashingtonState'stelephonenumber.Inthesignuppane,chooseanyofthefollowingtheareacode:206,253,360,and425.Whichevernumberyouchoose,enteradditionalinformationontheSIPphonenumbergivenbyaSIPProvider(inourcase,it'sthenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat),SIPProxy(voiprakyat.or.id),ouremailaddressforconfirmingtheaccountwearecreating,andthepasswordformakingchangesinIPKallaccount.TypeintheCaptchagraphicalwords.Afterallparametersarefilledcorrectly,clickSubmittoproceed.

Normally,wehavetowaitforaboutanhourtoreceivetheconfirmationsentthroughemail.ToactivateyourIPKallaccount,clicktheURLobtainedfromtheemail.Withtheaccountconfirmed,younowhavetheStateofWashingtonphonenumberwithwhichyoucanreceivecallsfromotherPSTNacrosstheworldthroughyourSIPaccount.

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Free Internet Country: Country Code +882

OneoftheservicesimportanttoVoIPisENUM,whichcarriesoutmappingfromIPaddresstotelephonenumberusingDomainNameSystem(DNS).Thephonenumbersystemfortelephonewearefamiliarwith,theonewithspecificcountrycode,isknownasE.164format.ThemappingprocessisusuallyperformedbyaDNSmachineintheInternet,throughNAPTRspecialentry.Therearetwo(2)mainTopLevelDomainsusedasreferenceinENUMprocess:e164.arpaande164.org.TheformeristhetopleveldomainnormallyusedbyformaltelecommunicationinstitutioncontrolledbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion.Inyourcountry,e164.arpaispossiblyunderthecontrolofthecountry'sministryoftelecommunication.

Figure 4.3: e164.org main window

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The latter, e164.org, is the informal level domain provided by communities, the sort that are concerned with how people can minimize telecommunication cost. This is the domain we will use for our VoIP communication. We can register in http://www.e164.org to get an account that can be used to obtain a phone number and register the number.

Figure 4.4: To use e164.org, simply follow the instructions shown in http://www.e164.org/wiki/AsteriskExamples

Forsmoothinterconnectionprocessbetweenasterisksoftswitchande164.org,weneedtoconfigure/etc/asterisk/enum.confsotheAsterisksoftswitchwillbeabletorecognizethenumberslistedine164.orgdomain,byactivatingthefollowingparameters:

search=>enum.voiprakyat.or.id

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search=>e164.orgsearch=>e164.arpa

Oncetheseparametersareactivated,thesoftswitchwillautomaticallyseekthePSTNnumbersavailableine164.organde164.arpa.SinceweareusingVoIPRakyatasanexampleinthisbook,wewillreferyoutoenum.voiprakyat.or.id,anENUMdevelopedinIndonesia.YoumaylaterchangetheparameterstoanyENUMproviderthatissuitabletoyourneedsorevendevelopyourownENUMserver,asrunningonerequiresonlyaDNSserver.

Entriesthatneedstobeincorporatedinto/etc/asterisk/enum.confare:

search=>enum.voiprakyat.or.id

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Figure 4.5: Before you can be connected to e164.org, you have to sign up first

Throughtheregistrationpageofe164.orghttps://www.e164.org/signup.php,entertherequiredinformationinordertoobtainatelephonenumberorregisteratelephonenumber.Theinformationyouhavetoenterareusername,password,youremailaddress,yourtimezoneandVerifyingcode.ThenclickAddmetocompletetheregistration.Iftheregistrationissuccessful,youwillbeabletouseyournewlycreatedaccounttogetatelephonenumberassignedbye164.orgorregisteryours.

Figure 4.6: The web appearance after you are logged in

Toobtainatelephonenumberorregisteryournumber,youneedtologontoe164.org.Onceyou'reloggedin,therearesomeoptionsyoucanchoosefrom.

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Figure 4.7: PSTN Phone Numbers can be added via https://www.e164.org/pstnadd.php

Accesstohttps://www.e164.org/freenumadd.phpwillbringyoutoadefaultwindowwherebyyoucanaddavirtualphonenumbertoe164.org.Youwillbeassignedaninternettelephonenumberwithcountrycode+822frome164.org.

Butifyou'reinterestedinaddingarealPSTNnumber,accesstohttps://www.e164.org/pstnadd.phpwilladdPSTNnumberinsteadandregisterthenumberyouuseinyourcountry.Whenregistering,youneedtohavethePSTNnumberactivease164willdialthenumbertoauthenticatethatitisreal.Onceyoureceivedtheactivationcode,gobacktoe164.orgwebsitetoactivatethenumberyouhavejust

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registered.

ToregisteraPSTNnumber,youneedtoenterinformationsuchascountry,areacode,telephonenumber,andSIPaccountthatwillbecalledwhensomeoneplacesacallthroughVoIPnetworkusingthePSTNnumber.SotheVoIPnetworkwillnotreachyourrealPSTNnumber,butyourSIPaccountusingthisPSTNnumber.YourSIPphonewillring,butnotyourPSTNphone.

Onceallinformationareenteredcorrectly,clickAddmetoregisterourPSTNnumbersoitcanbecalledthroughinternettelephonynetwork.

Figure 4.8: You can obtain +822 number assigned by e164.org via https://www.e164.org/freenumadd.php

Thesecondoptionismucheasiertodo:simplyrequestaVoIPnumberwithcountrycode+882viahttps://www.e164.org/freenumadd.php.ThisnumbercannotbereachedbyPSTNnumbersbutwillbe

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reachedonlythroughVoIPnetwork.Toobtaina+822number,enteryourSIP,IAX2orH.323numberintotheblanks.SincetheaccountyoucreatedinVoIPRakyatisofSIP,chooseSIPinthedropdownmenu.Onceallinformationareenteredproperly,clickAddnumberinordertoobtainthecountrycode+882.

Figure 4.9: Request a block of number via https://www.e164.org/hostadd.php

Themostinterestingpartofe164.orgisitsabilitytoobtainablockofnumbersviahttps://www.e164.org/hostadd.phpwithareacode+82299,insteadofhavingthesenumbersincludedonebyone.Todothis,clickServerAdd.ViaaddaServerEntry,choosethetypeofprotocolusedbytheserverandenterthenameoftheserver.TheservershouldhaveaPublicIPaddress,nottheone

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usedinternally.Onceallinformationareenteredproperly,clickAddServer.ThiswillmakeyourSIPserverberecognizedbye164.org,with+882beingthecountrycodeassignedtotheserver.Thisalsoimpliesthatyouwillhaveabunchofnumbersthatyoucanfurtherallocatetotheuserswhoareregisteredwithyourserver.

Introducing your country code to International VoIP net