VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW”
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Transcript of VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW”
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VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW”
FORCEINERTIA
VELOCITYFRICTION
Newton’s first Law of Motion
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FORCEDefinition: A PUSH OR A PULL
Example: pulling the garbage can, pushing a bike up a hill.
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INERTIA
Definition: An object’s tendency to either remain at rest or in uniform motion at the same speed in a straight line
Example: Your body keeps moving forward even though the bus is stopping.(DISCOVERED BY Galileo Galilei)
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VELOCITY
Definition: Speed in a particular direction.
Example: Biking 25 miles (speed) in an hour South(direction)
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Newton’s First law of Motion
Definition: An object can remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced external force
Example: A ball stays in the same place until someone kicks it. A ball may keep moving until the grass slows it down.
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FrictionDefinition: a force that slows an object from moving.
Example: rubber on the bottom of sneakers, brakes on a bike/car
Types of friction: fluid(water), air(parachutes/athlete’s uniform), mass(sliding vs. static)
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Vocabulary for “Gravity and Balance”
GRAVITYGRAVITY SUPPORT FORCENEWTONPOUNDWEIGHT
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GRAVITY
Definition: A force pulling objects toward the center of the Earth
Example: a falling baseball or leaves falling
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GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE
Definition: An equal force that opposes gravity’s downward pull
Example: sitting chair example
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NEWTON
Definition: Unit of force in the metric system(N)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
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POUNDDefinition: The United States’s customary unit of force(lb)
Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)
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WEIGHTDEFINITION: The strength of the force of gravity pulling down toward the earth’s surface
Example: the weight of a bowling ball is more forceful than a basketball.
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MOVING MASSES
ACCELERATIONMASSNEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTIONAir Resistance
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ACCELERATIONDefinition: Rate of change in the speed and direction(velocity) of an object. Note: This can mean speeding up, slowing down(deceleration), or changing direction.
Example: A car increases speed to pass another car.
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MASSDefinition: Measures the amount of matter in an object
Example: Compare a softball to a foam ball, how are they different? A softball has more material compacted in one space than the foam ball. Therefore, it has more mass.
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NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTIONDefinition: A greater unbalanced external force causes greater acceleration of an object; Therefore, a greater unbalanced external force is needed to accelerate(speed up/slow down) an object of greater mass.
Force = Mass X Acceleration
Example: It takes more power to stop/move a heavier object than a lighter object
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AIR RESISTANCEDefinition: A force exerted by air against an object moving through it and acts in the opposite direction of the object’s motion,”drag”
Example: parachute, clothing on an athlete, etc.
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Vocabulary for Lab “Basketball Arcs”
FREE FALL
PARABOLA
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FREE FALLDefinition: Floating objects float because of their speed in relation to the Earth-
Example: The air craft travels as fast as it is falling downwards, causing the objects/astronauts to float.
speed forward(8km/sec) or (5mi/sec): falling speed (5m/sec) or (16ft/sec)
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PARABOLA
Definition: A path that curves or makes an arc caused by gravity’s downward force
Example: Connection: As a basketball player shoots from the free throw line, what path does the ball travel to get into the hoop?
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VOCABULARY for Lab “Rolling On”
SPEEDDistanceTimeFRICTION
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SPEEDDefinition: Speed- Measures how far an object travels in a period of time
Formula: In order to calculate speed, you need distance and divide by time.
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DISTANCE
Speed = Distance divided by Time
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TIMEDefinition:Time elapsed from start to stop
measured: seconds, minutes,hourstime = distance /rate
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FRICTION(repeat)Definition: Occurs between a moving object and the surface on, or medium through, which it moves
-Opposes motion and reduces speed of a moving object
Example: 4 types of friction:Fluid (air/water) Static (stationary) Sliding (moving) Rolling (moving with wheels)