V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING · PDF fileExplain how the procedure of...

$: V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING · PDF fileExplain how the procedure of reciprocal leveling eliminates the effect of refraction and curvature as well as error of collimation.$
V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Bachupally (s.o.) Nizampet, Hyderabad-500 090

II B.TECH. I SEMESTER AUTONOMOUS BATCH,

ACADEMIC PLAN

SUBJECT: SURVEYING; SUBJECT CODE: 5CE07

Academic Year : 2016-17 No. of weeks : 16

Branch : Civil Engineering Lecture Periods Per Week : 64

Faculty Member : Dr. A. Ramesh

COURSE OBJECTIVE

Student will be able to learn and understand methods of classifications and

principles of surveying.

Student will learn how to differentiate the methods of area & Volume calculation

used in surveying.

Student will discriminate the importance of horizontal Angle, Vertical Angle,

Horizontal distance and Vertical distance on ground profile.

Student will articulate on construction of setting out of simple curves and recite

on modern instruments used in surveying.

COURSE OUTCOME

CO1: Student should appreciate the importance of preparation of Map and Plan for

required site with suitable scale.

CO2: Student should prepare contour Map and Estimate the Quantity of earthwork

required for formation level for Road and Railway Alignment.

CO3: Student should judge on which type of instrument to be used for carrying out

survey for setting out curves and vertical elevations and horizontal distances.

CO4: Student describes different modern instruments used in surveying.

UNIT-I

SURVEYING & MEASUREMENTS Surveying – History; Definition; Classification; Principles of surveying; Plan and map;

Measurements – Basic Measurements and methods; Errors in surveying: Types of errors

LINEAR MEASUREMENTS

Different methods; Ranging out; Chaining a line on a flat and on uneven ground;

Principles of chain surveying; Basic definitions; Equipment used for chain survey; Field

work; Offsets; Obstacles in chain survey; Chain & Tape corrections; Degree of

accuracy.

Learning Objectives:

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

State the Principles of Surveying

List the objectives of Surveying

Methods on measurements and methods

Types of errors.

Principle of chain surveying

Equipments used in chain surveying

Obstacles in chain survey

Chain & tape corrections

Lecture plan:

Assignments:

1. Give the detailed classification of Surveys?

2. Explain the principle of surveying?

3. Differentiate between a plan and map

4. What are the various types’ errors in surveying? Explain them with their

propagations.

5. Explain the basic measurements of linear measurements.

6. A Survey line crosses a river, A and C being on the near and opposite banks

respectively. A perpendicular AD 40m long is set out at A. If the bearing of AD

and DC are 380 45’ & 278

0 45’respectively and the chainage at A is 862m. Find

the chainage at B.

Period

no. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

1. History & Definition of Surveying Black Board & PPT

2. Introduction to Surveying ;

Classification of surveying Black Board

3. Principle of surveying; Objectives of

surveying Black Board & PPT

4. Plan & map; Basic measurements and

methods Black Board & PPT

5. Errors in surveying; Types of errors

and sources Black Board & PPT

6. Distance measurement conventions and

methods Black Board

7. Ranging Methods on flat & Uneven

ground Black Board & PPT

8. Basic Definitions; Principle of Chain

Survey Black Board & Instruments

9. Obstacle in Chain survey; Field work

Video Link:

http://freevideolectures.com/C

ourse/2&3/Surveying/14

10. Problems Black Board

11. Chain Corrections; Tape Corrections

Problems & Degree of Accuracy

Video Link:

http://freevideolectures.com/C

ourse/98/Surveying/8

http://freevideolectures.com/Course/2&3/Surveying/14

http://freevideolectures.com/Course/2&3/Surveying/14

http://freevideolectures.com/Course/98/Surveying/8


7. A Survey line CD intersects a high building. To prolong the line beyond this

obstacle, a perpendicular DE, 200m long is set out at D. From E, two lines EF &

EG are set out at angles 450 & 60

0 with ED respectively. Determine the length of

EF and EG in order that the points F & G may lie on prolongation of CD and also

find the obstructed length DF

8. A chain was tested before starting a survey and was found to be exactly 30m. at

the end of the survey, it was tested again and found to measure 30.10m. The area

of the plan of the field drawn to a scale of 1cm = 20m was 160sqcm. Find the true

area of the field in sqm.

9. A line of 3.2 km was measured with a steel tape which is 20m under no pull at

300C. The tape in section is 1/8 cm wide and 1/20cm thick. If one half of the line

is measured at a temperature of 400C & the other half is at 50

0C and the tape is

attached to a pull of 200N, find the corrected total length of the line given the

coefficient of expansion is 11.5 X 10-6

per degree C, weight of the tape per cubic

cm of steel = 0.77504N and E = 2.1 X 105 N/mm

2.

Tutorial:

1. Find the maximum length of the offset so that the displacement on the paper from

both the sources of error does not exceed 0.2mm given that the offset is measured

with an accuracy of 1 in 25 and the scale is 1 cm = 50m

UNIT-II

COMPASS SURVEYING: Prismatic compass; Local attraction; angular measurements

Bearings: Azimuths; deflection angles;

Plane table and its accessories; setting up; Plane tabling methods, Radiation &

Intersection method. Errors in plane tabling;

SIMPLE LEVELING

Basic definitions; Curvature and Refraction; classification of methods of leveling;

Sources of errors in leveling. Contour; contour interval; Characteristics of contours;

Methods of plotting of contours –Uses of contour maps – Interpolation of contour.



Compass Introduction

Prismatic compass & Surveyor compass

Describe Meridians, Azimuths and Bearings

Plane table surveying - methods

Errors in Plane table survey

Classification of methods of leveling

Sources of errors in leveling

Contour – Characteristics

Methods of plotting of contour – Uses of contour

Lecture Plan.

Assignments:

1. What are the essential differences between chain survey and compass survey?

Under what circumstances compass survey is preferred to other types of surveys.

2. Find which station is free from local attraction and work out correct bearings.

Line F.B. B.B

AB 191045’ 13

000’00”

BC 39030’ 222

000’

030”

CD 22015’ 200

030’00”

Period No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

12. Compass Introduction; Prismatic

compass & Surveyor compass

Black Board & Instruments

13. Describe Meridians, Azimuths and

Bearings

PPT

14. Problems on angle computations Black Board

15. Problems on local attraction Black Board

16. Problems on local attraction; declination Black Board

17. Plane Table survey Introduction -

Accessories

Instruments & Black Board

;https://www.youtube.com/w

atch?v=UMdPgp5oMRw

18. Methods of Plane table survey - Errors

in Plane Table Survey

Video Link:

https://www.youtube.com/w

atch?v=Cqg3AHtNtVc

19. Concept and Terminology; Temporary

and permanent adjustments

Black Board & Instruments

20. Curvature and Refraction Black Board & PPT

21. Problems on Height of Instrument Black Board

22. Problems on Height of Instrument Black Board

23. Problems on Rise & Fall methods Black Board

24. Problems on Rise & Fall methods Black Board

25. Methods of leveling Black Board & PPT

Video Link:

http://freevideolectures.com/

Course/98/Surveying/22

26. Reciprocal Leveling http://freevideolectures.com/


27. Problems in Reciprocal Leveling Black Board

28. Methods of conducting contour surveys

and their plotting.

Black Board

29. Uses of contour; Location of Contour Video Link:

http://freevideolectures.com/


30. Characteristics contours Black Board & PPT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMdPgp5oMRw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMdPgp5oMRw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cqg3AHtNtVc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cqg3AHtNtVc







DE 242045’ 60

045’00”

EA 330015’ 147

045’00”

3. Describe Radiation & Intersection Method in Plane Table surveying with a neat sketch.

Also explain under what circumstances this method is resorted.

4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Plane Table Surveying over other methods.

5. Describe in detail the process of

i. Differential leveling

ii. Profile leveling

iii. Cross-sectioning

6. Explain how the procedure of reciprocal leveling eliminates the effect of

refraction and curvature as well as error of collimation.

7. What are permanent adjustments of levels? Explain.

8. A level is set up at C on a line AB at 60m from A and 700 m from B. The B.S.

on A is 2.650m and the FS on B is 2.780 m. Find the difference in levels between

A and B.

9. Calculate the combined correction for curvature and refraction for distance of (i) 5

km and (ii) 500 m.

10. Discuss in detail, the methods of direct and indirect contouring.

Tutorial:

1. The following are the bearings of a closed traverse. Find out which of the stations

are affected by local attraction. Tabulate the corrected bearings of lines.

Line F.B. B.B

AB N50030’W S47

030’E

BC N54000’E S53

000’W

CD S3030’E N4

000’W

DE S41030’E N41

030’W

EA S79030’W N78

030’E

2. The following staff readings were taken with a level. The instrument having

been shifted after the 4th

, 7th

and 10th

readings. RL of the starting BM is 100.00

m. enter the readings in the form of a level book page and reduce the level by the

collimation method and apply the usual checks.

2.65,3.74,3.83,5.27,4.64,0.38,0.96,1.64,2.84,3.48,4.68 & 5.26

UNIT-III

AREAS & VOLUMES

Introduction; Simpson’s rule; Boundaries with offsets at irregular intervals; Coordinate

method; Planimeter. Area of cross sections; two & multi level section; Trapezoidal rule;

Prismoidal formula; Volume from spot levels- volume from contour plan; Capacity of a

reservoir.

THEODOLITE & THEODOLITE TRAVERSE

Vernier theodolite – basic definitions, fundamental lines, Measurement of a horizontal

angle; repetition and reiteration methods of horizontal angle measurement. Measurement

of vertical angle - Trigonometric Leveling - Base of the object accessible, base of an

inclined object accessible, reduced level of the elevated points with inaccessible bases.



Solve areas from field notes

Analyze the areas by different methods

Describe the methods of calculation of volumes

Analyze the capacity of reservoir, volume of borrow pits

Describes working of theodolite in detail

Horizontal and vertical angles measurement

Trigonometric leveling – Base of object accessible

Reduced level of the elevated points with inaccessible bases

Lecture plan:


31. Area from field notes; Black Board

32. Computation of areas along irregular

boundaries and area consisting of regular

boundaries

Black Board & PPT

33. Embankments and cutting for a level section

and two level sections with and without

transverse slopes

Video Link:

http://freevideolectures

.com/Course/8/Surveyi

ng/9

34. Problems on level section Black Board

35. Determination of the capacity of reservoir,

volume of borrow pits Black Board

36. Problems on capacity of reservoir Black Board

37. Theodolite – basic Definitions; applications Black Board &

Instruments

38. Measurement of a horizontal angle;

repetition.

Black Board &

Instruments

39. Reiteration method of horizontal angle

measurement

Black Board & PPT

40. Adjustments-temporary and permanent Black Board &

Instruments

41. Measurement of vertical angles – horizontal

distances

Black Board &

Instruments

42. Trignometrical leveling – Base of object

accessible

Video Link:

https://www.youtube.c

om/watch?v=7aYsAw

XlZkg

43. Reduced level of the elevated points with

inaccessible bases case – I

Black Board & PPT

44. Reduced level of the elevated points with

inaccessible bases case – II

Black Board & PPT




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aYsAwXlZkg



Assignments:

1. List the general methods of calculating areas. Also explain any one method

giving its advantages, limitations and suitability for a given type of work.

2. Name the three methods of measuring volume. For what purpose each one of

these is used?

3. Explain the measurement of volume from cross sections

4. Explain the trapezoidal rule.

5. Derive an expression for the trapezoidal formula for volumes.

6. Describe the temporary adjustments of a theodolite.

7. Enlist the sources of errors in a theodolite survey.

8. How would you measure a horizontal angle by reiteration method?

9. What is meant by face left and face right of theodolite? How would you change

face? What instrumental errors are eliminated by face left and face right

observations.

Tutorial:

1. A railway embankment is made level for 180m the ground has a uniform slope

of 1 in 12. The formation width is 9m and the side slope is 2:1. The ground is

level across the c/l of the embankment. Determine the volume of the embankment

if the high end terminates vertically.

2. An instrument was set up at O and the angle of elevation to a vane 4m above the

foot of the staff held at Q was 9030’. The horizontal distance between the

instrument and the staff was 2 km. Determine the RL of the staff station O, the RL

of the line of collimation was 2650m.

UNIT-IV

TACHEOMETRIC SURVEYING

Basic systems of tacheometric measurements; Inclined sight with staff held vertical;

inclined sight with staff held normal to the line of sight-

CIRCULAR CURVES

Basic definitions; Designation of a curve; Relationship between radius and degree of

curve; Elements of a simple circular curve; Methods of setting out.



List the methods of Tacheometry

Distance and elevation formulae for staff held vertical in position

Distance and elevation for staff normal to the inclined line of sight

Types of curves

Describe the elements of simple circular curve

Methods of setting out simple circular curve.

Lecture plan:


45. Introduction to tacheometric survey Black Board & PPT

46. Stadia and tangential method of

Tacheometry

Black Board

47. Inclined line of sight with held staff

vertical

Black Board

48. Inclined line of sight with staff

normal to it.

PPT & Video Link:

http://landsurveyorsunited

.com/video/video/listTagg

ed?tag=Tacheometry

49. Problems on Inclined sight with staff

held vertical

PPT

50. Problems on Inclined sight with staff

held normal to it

PPT

51. Types of curves Black Board

52. Relationship between radius and

degree of the curve

Video Link:

www.youtube.com/watch

?v=5P0W9spnPZ8

53. Elements of simple curve

54. Methods of setting simple curve Video Link:

www.youtube.com/watch

?v=SkSWcNkqFcs

55. Problems on Methods of setting

simple curve

Black Board


simple curve

Black Board


simple curve

Black Board


simple curve

Black Board

Assignments:

1. Define tacheometry. What are the various methods employed in tacheometric

survey?

2. Explain the method most commonly used.

3. Explain the procedure to determine the tacheometric constants by fixed hair

method.

4. The constants for an instrument are 100 and 0.5. Calculate the distance from

the instrument to the staff when the micrometer readings are 5.246 and 5.246.

The staff intercept is 2.0m and the vertical angle measured is +4030’, the staff

being held vertical.

5. Describe the conditions under which tacheometric surveying is

advantageous.

6. What purpose do curves serve? What are the elements of a simple circular

curve? Explain how a simple circular curve is designated.

http://landsurveyorsunited.com/video/video/listTagged?tag=Tacheometry



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5P0W9spnPZ8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5P0W9spnPZ8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkSWcNkqFcs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkSWcNkqFcs

7. Calculate the ordinates at 10 m distance for a circular curve having a long

chord of 80 m and a versed size of 4 m.

8. List out the methods for setting out of a simple circular curve? Explain briefly

Rankine method of deflection angles for setting out of simple curve.

Tutorial:

1. A tacheometer is placed at a station A and readings on staff held vertical upon a

BM of RL=100.00m and at a station b are 0.640, 2.200, 3.760 and 0.010, 2.120,

4.230m respectively. The angle of depression of the telescope in the first case is

6019’ and the second case is 7

042’. Find the horizontal distance from A to b and

the RL of station B, if the instrument has constants 100 and 0.5.

2. Two tangents AB and BC intersect at appoint at chainage 150.5m. Calculate all

the necessary data for setting out a circular curve of radius 100m and deflection

angle of 300 by the methods of offsets from the long chord produce

UNIT-V

ELECTRONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENTS

Basic concepts, principle of Electronic Distance Measurement

MODERN SURVEYING

Introduction to Geodetic surveying, Total station and Global positioning system,

Introduction to Geographic Information System (GIS).



Concepts of EDM

Describe the salient features of Total station

Define Global positioning system & Geographic Information System

Lecture plan:


59 Concepts of EDM; Principle of EDM Black Board

60 Introduction to Geodetic surveying; Total

station applications Black Board & PPT

61 Global positioning system PPT

62 Introduction to Geographic Information

System

Black Board

63 Road Alignment survey (Extra topic) PPT & Video Link

www.youtube.com/w

atch?v=lCF-zg0Sq1o

64 Canal Alignment survey (Extra topic) Hands on training –

E- Survey

Assignments:

1. What is Geodetic Surveying? How it is different from Plane Surveying.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCF-zg0Sq1o

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCF-zg0Sq1o

2. Define Geographic Information System. Suggest possible uses of GIS and

how it might benefit them.

3. Explain briefly, how can we perform topographic survey with total station.

4. What are the component subsystems of GIS? Describe them briefly.

5. Briefly describe the applications of GIS. Discuss, how closely GIS is related

to remote sensing.

6. What do you understand by Global positioning system? Give an overview of

GPS.

Text Books

1. Surveying Vol I & II by K R Arora, Standard Book house Publications, 2010

2. Charles D Ghilani, Paul R Wolf., Elementary Surveying, Prentice Hall, 2012.

3. Chandra A. M., Higher Surveying, New Age International Publishers, 2007.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. B.C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain, Ashok Kr. Jain, Arun Kr. Jain., Surveying I &

II, Laxmi Publications, 2005.

2. Arthur R Benton and Philip J Taety, Elements of Plane Surveying Mc. Graw Hill

– 2000

3. Surveying & Levelling by R. Subramanian, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,

2011

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

II B. Tech, Ist Semester (Civil Engineering)

Subject : Fluid Mechanics

Subject Code : 5CE05

Academic Year : 2016 – 17

Number of working days : 90

Number of Hours / week : 3 + 1

Total number of periods planned: 68

Name of the Faculty Member: Dr. B. N. Malleswara Rao.

Course Objectives:

Identify and obtain values of fluid properties and relationship between them.

Explain the principles of continuity, momentum, and energy as applied to fluid

motions.

Apply these principles in the form of mathematical equations.

To enable the students to solve t h e s e equations a s a p p l i e d t o practical fluid

mechanics problems.

Course Outcomes (COs): Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

CO-1: Define fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics as applied to civil engineering

and

environmental problems.

CO-2: Discuss and derive the fundamental mathematical equations of fluid mechanics.

CO-3: Solve the fluid mechanics problems as related to practical civil engineering

problems

of water conveyance in pipes, orifices, mouth pieces, notches and weirs.

CO-4: Evaluate the various assumptions made in the application of equations to avoid

the

common pitfalls.

UNIT : I

Syllabus:

Properties of Fluid:

Introduction; Properties of Fluid; Units of measurement; Fluid Continuum; Newtonian

and Non-Newtonian fluids; Vapour pressure.

Fluid Statics:

Variation of static pressure; Absolute and gauge pressure; Pressure measurement by

mechanical gauges and manometers; Pressure on plane surfaces and curved surfaces.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Explain dimensions and units – physical properties of fluids specific gravity,

viscosity.

Describe about pressure at a point, Pascals’s law, Hydrostatic law.

Solve problems on fundamental dimensions.

Differentiate between atmospheric, gauge and vacuum pressure.

Explain about different Pressure gauges, Manometers: Differential and Micro

Manometers.

Solve problems on Pressure measurement.

Explain about hydrostatic forces on submerged plane, Horizontal, Vertical,

Inclined and Curved surfaces.

Derive equation of Centre of pressure.

Solve problems on centre pressure on different surfaces.

Lecture Plan

S.No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching

1. Necessity and importance of Dimensions and

Units.

1st & 2

nd hour PPT + Video

2. Types of Physical properties of fluids. 3rd

& 4th

hour Black board + Video

3. Influence on fluid motion 5th

hour Black board

4. Pascal’s law and problems. 6th


5. Hydrostatic law and problems 7th

hour Black board

6. Atmospheric, gauge and vacuum pressures 8th

hour Black board + PPT

7. Pressure gauges, Manometers. 9th

& 10th


8. Problems on Pressure gauges & Manometers 11th

hour Black board

9. Hydrostatic forces on submerged planes. 12th

hours Black board + Video

10. Centre of pressure - Derivation 13th

& 14th

hour Black board

11. Problems on Hydrostatic forces on

submerged planes and CP – Tutorial

15th

& 16th

hour Black board

Assignment – 1

1. (a) What do you mean by the term ‘Viscosity’? State and explain the Newton’s law of

viscosity.

(b) A thin plate is placed between two at surfaces kept h cm apart, such that the

viscosities on top and bottom of the plates are µ1 and µ2 respectively. Determine the

position of the thin plate such that the viscous resistance to uniform motion of the thin

plate is minimum. Assume `h' to be very small.

2. Calculate the power required to over come the friction in a journal bearing with the

following data. Diameter of shaft = 75mm; Dia. of sleeve = 76mm; length of sleeve =

150mm; speed of the shaft = 500rpm viscosity of the lubricant = 1.8 poise.

3. (a) State Pascal's law. What do you understand by the terms atmospheric, gauge and

vacuum pressures.

(b) Prove that the pressure intensity in the liquid is directly proportional to the height of a

point from free surface of liquid.

4. The profile of a vessel is quadrant of a circle of radius `r'. Obtain from First principles

the horizontal and vertical components of the total pressure force.

5. A trapezoidal plate of parallel sides `l' and `2l' and height `h' is immersed vertically in

water with its side of length `l' horizontal and topmost. The top edge is at a depth `h'

below the water surface. Determine:

(a) Total force on one side of the plate

(b) Location of the centre of pressure.

UNIT : II

Syllabus:

Kinematics of Fluid Motion:

Methods of describing fluid motion; Classification of flow; Steady, unsteady, uniform

and non-uniform flows; Laminar and turbulent flows; Three, two and one dimensional

flows; Irrotational and rotational flows; Streamline Pathline; Streakline; Equation for

acceleration; Convective acceleration; Continuity equation; Velocity potential and stream

function; Flownet; Vortex flow – free vortex and forced vertex flow.

Dynamics of Fluid Flow:

Euler’s equation of motion; Bernoulli’s equation; Energy correction factor; Momentum

principle; Applications of momentum equation; Force exerted on a pipe bend.


Describe about fluid flow, Stream line, Path line and Streak lines and Stream tube.

Differentiate between Steady, Unsteady, Uniform, Non-uniform, Laminar,

Turbulent, Rotational and Irrotational flows.

Explain equation of continuity for one, two and three dimensional flows.

Describe about Stream and Velocity potential functions.

Analyze flownets.

Solve problems on fluid flows and flownets.

Explain surface and body forces.

Define Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations for flow along a stream line for 3D flow.

Describe the Momentum equation and its application.

Solve problems on forces on pipe bends.

Lecture Plan


1. Description of fluid flows 17th

hour PPT + Video

2. Classification of flows 18th

hours Black board

3. Stream line, Path line and Streak lines and

Stream tube.

19th


4. Equation of continuity for one, two and three

dimensional flows.

20th

hours Black board

5. Stream and Velocity potential functions –

problems.

21th

& 22th

hours Black board

6. Flownet analyses - problems. 23rd

hour Black board + PPT

7. Surface and body forces. 24th

hour Black board

8. Euler’s equation & Bernoulli’s equation 25th

& 26th


9. Momentum equation and its application. 27th

& 28th

hour Black board

10. Problems on forces on pipe bends - Tutorial 29th

& 30th

hour Black board

Assignment - 2

1. (a) Define stream function and velocity potential function. Deduce the relation between

the

two.

(b) In a two dimensional incompressible flow, the fluid velocity components are given

by

u = x - 3y and v = - 4y - 9x. Show that the velocity potential exists and determine its

form

as well as stream function.

2. (a) Differentiate between the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods of representing fluid

flow.

(b) If stream function exists in a flow problem does it imply that velocity potential also

exists. Explain.

3. (a) Describe briefly different methods of drawing flow nets.

(b) The velocity vector in an incompressible flow is given by V = (6xt + yz2)I + (3t +

xy2)j

+ (xy – 2xyz – 6tz)K

(i) Verify whether the continuity equation is satisfied

(ii) Determine the acceleration vector at point A (1, 1, 1) at t = 1. 0

4. (a) State and prove Bernoullis theorem. Mention its limitations.

(b) A jet of water from a 20 mm diameter nozzle is directed vertically upwards.

Calculate the diameter of jet at a point 6 m above the nozzle, if the velocity with which

the jet leaves the nozzle is 15 m/s. assume that the jet remains vertical.

5. (a) State and derive impulse momentum equation. What are the applications of impulse

momentum equation?

(b) 200 liters per second of water is flowing in a pipe having a diameter of 40cm. The

pipe is bent by 1350 and the pressure of water owing in the pipe is 350KPa. Sketch the

configuration. Find the magnitude and direction of resultant force on the bend.

UNIT : III

Syllabus:

Flow Measurements:

Measurement of velocity by Pitot tube; discharge through venture meter; discharge

through office meter; discharge through flow nozzle. Flow through Orifices:

Determination of coefficients for an orifice. Flow through rectangular triangular and

trapezoidal notches weirs. End contractions; velocity of approach. Broad crested weir.


State the types of flow measuring devices.

Explain working of Pitot tube, Venturimeter, Office meter, Nozzle

Explain Classification of Orifices and Estimate discharge through orifices

Explain Classification of Notches.

Estimate discharge over Rectangular, Triangular and Trapezoidal notches.

Estimate discharge over Trapezoidal notch with End contractions and Velocity of

approach.

Describe about broad crested weirs.

Lecture Plan


1. Types of flow measuring devices - Pitot tube. 31st & 32

nd hour Black board + Video

2. Venturimeter – problems. 33rd

& 34th


3. Orifice meter & Nozzle meter - problems 35th

& 36th


4. Orifices – problems. 37th

& 38th


5. Classification of Notches. 39th

& 40th


6. Rectangular, Triangular - Problems. 41st & 42

nd hour Black board

7. Trapezoidal & Stepped notches – Problems. 43rd

& 44th

hour PPT + Video

8. Effect of end contraction and velocity of

approach, Broad crested weirs – Problems

45th

& 46th


Assignment – 3

1. (a) Explain the principle and working of pitot tube with the help of a neat sketch.

(b) A sub-marine moves horizontally in sea and has its axis 15 m below the surface of

water. A pitot-tube properly placed just in front of the sub-marine and along its axis is

connected to the two limbs of a U-tube containing mercury. The difference of mercury

level is found to be 170 mm. Find the speed of the sub-marine knowing that the sp. gr. of

mercury is 13.6 and that of sea- water is 1.026 with respect of fresh water.

2. (a) Explain the principal and working of venturimeter with the help of a neat sketch.

(b) Water flows through a horizontal venturimeter of inlet diameter 15 cm and inlet

pressure 215 kpa (absolute). Find the minimum throat diameter for the meter to pass a

discharge of 150 lps without causing cavitations. Assume saturation vapour pressure of

water = - 80 kpa (gauge). Assume atmospheric pressure = 76 cm of mercury and Cd = 0.

978.

3. (a) Derive an equation for discharge of an orifice meter.

(b) Water is flowing in a rectangular channel of 1 m wide and 0.75 m deep. Find the

discharge over a rectangular weir of crest length 60 cm if the head of water over the crest

of weir is 20 cm and water from channel flows over the weir. Take Cd = 0.62. Neglect

end contractions. Take velocity of approach into consideration.

4. a) How does the velocity of approach affect the expression for discharge over a weir

b) A rectangular weir 6 meters long discharge water at a head of 0.30 meter. If the

available depth of the waterfall is 40 meters, find the H.P. Take Cd = 0.6.

c) Why is it necessary to ventilate a nappe? What is the arrangement for ventilating the

nappe of a suppressed weir?

5. Water is flowing in a rectangular channel of 1 m wide and 0.75 m deep. Find the

discharge

over a rectangular weir of crest length 60 cm if the head of water over the crest of weir

is

20and water from channel flows over the weir. The Cd = 0.62. Neglect end

contractions.

Take velocity of approach into consideration

6. a) Explain Francis’s and Bazin’s Formulae.

b) The head of water over a rectangular weir is 40 cm. The length of the crest of the

weir with end contraction suppressed is 1.5 m. Find the discharge using the

following

formulae

i. Francis’s Formulae and

ii. Bazin’s Formulae

UNIT : IV

Syllabus:

Analysis of Pipe Flow:

Reynold’s experiment – Classification of Laminar and Turbulent flows. Steady laminar

flow through a circular pipes. Energy losses in pipelines: Minor losses, Darcy – weisbach

equation; Pipes in series and parallel; Total Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line.


Describe the Reynold’s experiment.

Explain about Characteristics of Laminar flow through circular pipes.

Explain energy loses in pipes, Darcy – weisbach equation

Explain Pipes in series and parallel

Describe Total Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line.

Solve problems on pipe flow and Laminar flow through pipes

Lecture Plan

S. No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching

1. Reynold’s experiment. 47th

hour Video

2. Characteristics of Laminar flow through

circular pipes.

48th

& 49th


3. Energy loses in pipes, Darcy – Weisbach

equation.

50th

& 51st hours Black board

4. Pipes in series and parallel. 52nd

& 53rd

hours Black board

5. Total Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient

Line.

54th

hour PPT + Video

6. Problems on pipe flow and Laminar flow

through pipes – Tutorial

55th

& 56th

hours Black board

Assignment - 4

1. (a) Define major energy loss and minor energy loss.

(b) Derive the Darcy – Weisbach equation for friction head loss in a pipe.

2. (a) Derive an expression for head loss due to sudden enlargement of a pope.

(b) A horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm is suddenly contracted to a diameter of 250

mm. The pressure intensities in the large and smaller pipe is given as 13.734 N/cm2 and

11.772 N/cm2 respectively. The rate of flow of water is 300 1ps. Find the value of co-

efficient of contraction.

3. Determine the rate of flow of water through a pipe of diameter 20cm and length 50m

when one end of the pipe is connected to a tank and other end of the pipe is open to the

atmosphere. The pipe is horizontal and the height of water in the tank is 4 m above the

centre of the pipe. Consider all minor losses and take f = 0.009 in the formula hf =

4flv2/2gd.

4. (a) What do you mean by compound pipe, pipes in parallel and equivalent pipe?

(b) A pipe of diameter 20 cm and length 10,000 m is laid at a slope of 1 in 200. An oil

of Specific gravity = 0.9 and μ = 1.15 poise is pumped up at the rate of 20 liters per

second. Find the head lost due to friction. Also find the power required to pump the oil.

5 A pipe of diameter 20 cm and length 2000m connects two reservoirs, having

difference of water levels as 20 m. Determine the discharge through the pipe. If an

additional pipe of diameter 20 cm and length 1200 m is attached to the last 1200 m length

of the existing pipe, find the increase in the discharge. Take f = 0.015 and neglect minor

losses.

UNIT : V

Syllabus:

Theory of Boundary Layer :

Boundary layer and its growth, characteristics of boundary layer along a thin flat plate.

Laminar and Turbulent Boundary layers (no derivation). Boundary layer separation and

control. Flow around submerged objects – Drag and Lift – Magnus effect.


Describe the Boundary layer and its growth.

Explain about Characteristics of boundary layer along a thin flat plate.

Differentiate Laminar and Turbulent Boundary layers.

Explain Boundary layer separation and control.

Describe Flow around submerged objects – Drag and Lift – Magnus effect.

Solve problems on boundary theory, drag and lift.

Lecture Plan

S. No. Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching

1. Boundary layer and its growth,

characteristics of boundary layer along a

thin flat plate.

57th

& 58th


2. Laminar and Turbulent Boundary layers

(no derivation).

59th

& 60th

hours Black board

3. Boundary layer separation and control. 61st & 62

nd hours Video

4. Flow around submerged objects – Drag and

Lift – Magnus effect.

63rd

& 64th

hours Video

5. Problems on boundary theory drag and lift. 65th

& 66th

hours Black board

Assignment - 5

1. For the velocity profile for laminar boundary layer u/U = 3/2 (y/δ) – 1/2 (y/δ)2. Find

the boundary layer thickness, shear stress, force and coefficient of drag in terms of

Reynolds number.

2. Differentiate between

i. Stream line and bluff body.

ii. Friction drag and pressure drag.

3. A kite 60cm x 60cm weighing 2. 943 N assumes an angle of 100 to the horizontal. If

the pull on the string is 29. 43 N and it is inclined to the horizontal at 450. When the wind

is flowing at a speed of 40 km/hr, find the corresponding coefficient of drag and lift.

Density of air is given as 1. 25 kg/m3.

EXTRA TOPICS

67th

hour : Oil & Gas Pipeline Construction

68th

hour : Energy Transfer through pipes

TEXT BOOKS

1. Fluid Mechanics by Modi and Seth, Standard Book House, 2011.

2. Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines Problems and Solutions by K.

Subramanya McGraw Education (I) Pvt. Ltd., 2011.

REFERENCES

1. Fluid Mechanics by V.L. Streeter, E. Benjamin Wiley and W. Bedford, McGraw-

Hill Companies, 1997.

2. Fluid Mechanics by Douglas, J.M. Gaserek and J.A.Swaffirld, Longman

Publishers, 1995.

3. Fluid Mechanics by Frank.M.White, Tata McGraw-Hill Pvt. Ltd., 2011.

4. Fluid Mechanics by A.K.Mohanty, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2002.

TEACHING PLAN

for

Business Economics & Financial Analysis

UNIT I

Business & New–Economic environment:

Characteristic features of Business, features and evaluation of sole proprietorship,

partnership, joint stock company, Public enterprises and their types. Changing

Business Environment in post–liberalization scenario.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

After studying this unit, you should be able to :

Define the term Business and explain feature of Business.

Explain the forms of organizing business enterprises.

Determine the factors which help in identifying suitable form of organization.

Pin–point the rationale of the present large-scale presence of public

enterprises in our economy.

Outline economic and non-economic objectives of public enterprises.

Analysis various forms of organizing public enterprises.

Explain problems of PEs and also suggest measures to solve the same.

Analyze the changes in business environment ( Recent trends in Business

sector )

LECTURE PLAN: Total no_ of classes: 17

NO.OF

CLASSES TOPIC COVERED

2 Business, characteristics of business, types

1 Types of business organizations-sole proprietorship

1 Partnership-features, advantages & Demerits

1 Joint stock company-features, merits, demerits

1 Formation a company

2 Differences between private limited & public Limited Company.

1 Public enterprises-features, advantages and demerits

1 Forms of organizing PEs

1 Objectives, problems and solutions of PEs

1 New Industrial Policy 1991 and its critical evaluation

2 Public Sector and financial sector reforms

2 Privatization & Globalization

1 Changing business environment after 1991

ASSIGNEMNTS :

1. What are the characteristics of a business unit?

2. Explain the features of sole trader form of organization. Discuss the

advantages and limitations of sole trader form of organization?

3. Evaluate the partnership form of business organization. How does it

overcome the limitation of proprietary form of business?

4. What qualities do you expect in persons to become good partners in

business?

5. What do you understand by Joint Stock Company? What are its salient

features?

6. What are the reasons for joint stock company being popular as a form of

organization?

7. Discuss the factors affecting the choice of forms of business organization?

8. Distinguish between public limited and private limited company?

9. What is need for public enterprises? Explain the recent achievements of

public enterprises.

10. Explain briefly various steps involved in formation of a company?

11. Distinguish between public corporation and government company?

12. Examine the impact of changes that have taken place in business

environment on business enterprise functioning.

13. What do you understand by privatization & Globalization?

14. Vertically evaluate new industrial policy 1991.

UNIT II

Introduction to business economics, and demand analysis

Definition; Nature and scope of managerial economics - demand analysis

determinants; Law of demand and its exceptions.

Elasticity of demand and demand forecasting

Definition; Types; Measurement and significance of elasticity of demand; Demand

forecasting; Factors governing demand forecasting; Methods of demand forecasting

- survey methods, statistical methods, expert opinion method, test marketing,

controlled experiments, and judgmental approach to demand forecasting.


After studying this unit, Student should be able to :

Define “Managerial Economics”

Identify the factors that constitute scope of Managerial Economics.

Explain significance of Managerial Economics and how it helps business

managers in performing decision – making function.

Define what is Demand

Analyze the important factors determining demand for a commodity.

List out the conditions or situation under which law of demand does not hold

good.

Explain assumptions of Law of Demand.

Suggest the appropriate measure to accelerate the product demand.

Measurement of change in Quantity demanded as a result of change in

demand determinant.

How Elasticity of Demand helps businessman in fixing right price for his

product.

Factors determining nature of Demand for a product.

Types of Elasticity of Demand and measurement of the same.

Importance of estimating demand for commodities.

Factors to be taken into account while undertaking demand forecasting

activity.

Possible approaches to forecast demand of new and established products


NO.OF


1 Introduction to Economics

1 Introduction to Managerial Economics

1 Scope & significance of Managerial Economics

1 Relation of Managerial Economics with others subjects

1 Introduction to Demand & Types

1 Demand Determinants

1 Law of Demand – Def , Assumptions & Exceptions

1 Discussion of old Question papers

1 Elasticity of demand, its definitions, types

1 Types price Elasticities

1 Factors determining elasticity of demand

1 Significance of Elasticity of demand

1 Meaning of demand forecasting & its significance

1 Criteria for good forecasting

1 Factors involved in demand forecasting

1 Methods of demand forecasting

1 Discussion on old question papers

ASSIGNEMNTS :

1. “Managerial Economics is the discipline which deals with the application of

economic theory to business management”. explain

2. Managerial Economics is the study of the allocation of resources available to

a firm. Explain

3. Managerial Economics is prescriptive rather than descriptive in character.

Explain this statement.

4. Discuss in detail the role of economics in Engineering Industry and its

influence on the technical decisions.

5. Define Managerial Economics. Explain its relationship with other branches

and also explain the role of managerial economist in running business

enterprise on prudent commercial practice.

6. What is demand analysis ? Explains the factors influencing the demand for a

product.

7. What is meant by demand ? Everyone desires for an Ambassador CAR – does

this mean that the demand for Ambassador CAR is large ?

8. State and explain the law of demand. Are there any exceptions to the law ?

9. What is meant by elasticity of demand ? Explain by giving suitable examples,

how elasticity of demand determines the price policy of a firm.

10. Explain the concepts and kinds of elasticity of demand that are relevant to

the manages of a firm.

11. What is cross – elasticity of demand ? Is it positive for substitutes or for

complements? Show in a diagram the curve relating the demand for coffee to

the price of tea

12. Define income – elasticity of demand and distinguish it’s various types ? How

does income elasticity differ from price elasticity of demand ?

13. Explain the factors determining Elasticity of demand ?

14. What do you mean by demand forecasting ? Explain briefly various methods

of demand forecasting ?

15. What criteria should be adopted to choose a good forecasting Method to

estimate product demand?

16. What are the factors that are considered while estimating a firms sales ?

Enumerate the difficulties in forecasting sale of consumer durables?

UNIT III

Cost analysis

Cost concepts - opportunity cost, fixed vs. variable costs, explicit costs vs. implicit

costs, and out of pocket costs vs. imputed costs; Break-even analysis (BEA) -

determination of break-even point (simple problems), managerial significance, and

limitations of BEA.

Capital and capital budgeting

Capital and its significance; Types of capital; Estimation of fixed and working capital

requirements; Methods and sources of raising finance.

Nature and scope of capital budgeting; Features of capital budgeting proposals;

Methods of capital budgeting - payback method, accounting rate of return (ARR),

and net present value method (simple problems)



Define various types of costs

Distinguish between one type of cost and the others.

Analyze the nature of various costs and how they influence the total cost.

Explain the significance of cost analyses in taking right decisions in business

enterprises.

Determine the level of output at which there is neither profit nor loss.

Calculate / Identify the volume of sales at which a desired amount of profit

can be earned.

Estimate capital requirements of a business enterprises.

Describe the sources of mobilization of long-term & short-term capital.

Explain factors determining working capital and fixed capital requirements.

Evaluate the investment opportunities in terms of cost and benefit.

Identify the best investment opportunity which yields higher rate of return.

Explain importance of capital budgeting and also explain basic procedure

involved in selection of best investment proposal.


NO.OF


2 Cost concepts, Cost classifications

1 Break – Even – Analysis, Assumption, Significance & Limitations

2 Problems of BEA

1 Arithmetical & Graphical presentation of BEA

2 Capital budgeting- definition, feature, importance, steps involved

1 Methods of capital budgeting; payback methods

1 Accounting rate of return, merits demerits

1 Net present value method, merits, demerits

ASSIGNEMNTS :

1. Explain the relationship between marginal cost, average cost and total cost,

assuming a short run non – linear cost function ?

2. What is opportunity cost ? Give some examples of opportunity cost. How are

these costs relevant for managerial decisions ?

3. Write short notes on

a. Fixed cost and variable cost

b. Out of pocket costs and imputed cost

c. Explicit cost and Implicit cost.

d. Shutdown cost and Abandonment cost

4. What is meant by break even Analysis ? Explain the uses and limitation of

BEP

5. Describe the Break – Even point with the help of diagram and its uses in

business decision – making ?

6. How do you determine BEP in terms of Physical units and sales value ?

7. If sales is 10,000 units and selling price Rs.20 per units, variable cost Rs.10

per unit and fixed cost is Rs.80000, find out BEP in units and in sales revenue.

What is profit earned ? What should be the sales for earning a project of Rs.

60000 ?

8. The PV ratio of VNRVJIET Ltd. Is 40% and the margin of safety is 30% you

are required to work out the BEP and net profit, if the sales volume is

Rs.14000.

9. Sales are Rs.110000 producing a project of Rs.4000 in period – I sales are Rs.

150000 producing a project of Rs,12000 in period – II. Determine BEP and

fixed expenses.

10. Describe the institutions providing long term finance.

11. What are the major sources of short term finance?

12. What are the components of working capital? Explain each of them?

13. Explain the following with respect to working capital management

a. Kinds of working capital

b. Significance of maintaining adequate working capital.

c. Estimation of working capital requirements.

14. What do you understand by working capital cycle and what is its

importance?

15. What is importance of capital budgeting? Explain the basic steps involved in

evaluating capital budget proposals?

16. What are the merits and limitations of pay back period ? How does

discounting approach overcome the limitations of payback method?

17. What is meant by discounting and time value of money? How is it useful in

capital budgeting?

18. A business firm is thinking of choosing the right machines for their purpose

after financial evaluation of the proposal. The initial cost and the net cash

flow over years. ( Income less running expenses but not depreciation ) to the

business firm have been calculated for each machine as follows

Machine X

Rs.

Machine Y

Rs.

Initial Cost 20000 28000

Net cash flow 1 year 8000 10000

2 year 12000 12000

3 year 9000 12000

4 year 7000 6000

5 year 6000 6000

Choose the machine based on a. Payback period

b. Accounting rate of return

19. A company has at hand two proposals for consideration ( M and N ). The cost

of the proposals in both the cases is Rs. 500000 each. A discount factor of

12% may be used to evaluate the proposals. Cash inflows after tax are as

under.

Proposal M

Rs.

Proposal N

Rs.

1 year 150000 50000

2 year 200000 150000

3 year 250000 200000

4 year 150000 300000

5 year 100000 200000

Which one will you recommend under present value method.

UNIT-IV Theory of production

Production function - isoquants and isocosts, least cost combination of inputs, and

laws of returns; Internal and external economics of scale.

Market structures

Types of competition; Features of perfect competition, monopoly, and monopolistic

competition; Price-output determination in case of perfect competition and

monopoly.

Pricing policies and methods

Cost plus pricing; Marginal cost pricing; Sealed bid pricing; Going rate pricing, Limit

pricing, Market skimming pricing, Penetration pricing, Two-part pricing, Block

pricing, Bundling pricing, Peak load pricing, Cross subsidization.


Define “Production Function”

Classify various production Functions.

Explain Input – Output relationship in the short – run and in the long – run

Identify least cost combination of inputs.

Find out the different combinations of inputs which yields a desired amount

of output.

Explain the economies and diseconomies of large scale production / business

operations.

Classify the markets based on type of completion prevailing for a product

Explain the role of time factor in the determination of price.

Also explain price – out determination in different market situation.

Describe the features of different markets.

Explain different pricing strategies.

Analysis the situations under which what type of price strategy must be

adopted in pricing the products.


NO.OF TOPIC COVERED

CLASSES

1 Production & Production function, Assumptions

1 Types of production Functions, their utility

1 Laws of production Function

1 Economies & Diseconomies of scale

2 Market , its types, their features

1 Price – output determination in monopoly

1 Price – output determination in perfect competition

1 Price – output determination in monopolistic competition

2 Pricing function, its objectives and functions.

2 Different price strategies

ASSIGNEMNTS :

1. Define production function, Discuss in detail the different types of production

function.

2. What is meant by internal and external economies of scale ? what are its

sources ? And what are various types of internal economies available to a

firm ?

3. Explain and illustrate the “ Law of Diminishing Returns “ and “Law of Returns

to scale?

4. What is optimum combination ? Explain the principles of least cost

combination of factors

5. Distinguish between Law of Diminishing returns and law of returns to scale?

6. What are isocosts and Isoquants ? Do they intersect each others ?

7. Explain the following with reference to production function ?

a. Marginal rate of technical substitution ( MRTS )

b. Variable proportions of factors

8. Compare between monopoly and perfect competition or Distinguish between

perfect and Imperfect markets?

9. What is price discrimination? What are the essential conditions for price

discrimination?

10. What are the causes for the emergence of monopoly?

11. Explain the objectives of pricing and determinants of price of a product?

12. What are the features of monopolistic competition? How is it different from

monopoly?

13. Explain how the price is determined under conditions of perfect competition.

Illustrate this with help of diagram?

14. Define monopoly. How is price under monopoly determined?

15. What are the various popular pricing practices? Which of them are most

suitable for a firm facing competition?

UNIT V

Introduction to financial accounting

Double-entry book keeping; Journal; Ledger; Trial balance; Final accounts - trading

account, profit and loss account, and balance sheet with simple adjustments.

Financial analysis through ratios

Computation; Analysis and interpretation of liquidity ratios - current ratio, and

quick ratio; Activity ratios - inventory turnover ratio, and debtor turnover ratio;

Capital structure ratios – debt-equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio; Profitability

ratios - gross profit ratio, net profit ratio, operating ratio, P/E ratio, and EPs.



Record the business transaction systematically in the books of accounts.

Post journal entries into concerned accounts in the ledger book.

Find out the gross and net results of business operations.

Prepare balance sheet at the end of business year.

Distinguish between fixed assets and current assets, Deft and equity, Gross

profit and net profit, Debtors and creditors.

Explain the basic accounting concepts and conventions and also give

examples.

Analyze the liquidity, solvency, profitability of the business organization.

Calculate liquidity ratios, activities ratio, solvency ratios and profitability

ratios

Elaborate the importance of finance function for evaluating the economic

status of a business unit.

Explain how different ratios help concerned parties in interpreting financial

position of business in general and interested financial aspect of business in

particular.

LECTURE PLAN: Total no_ of

classes:21

NO.OF


1 Introduction to accounting

1 Double entry book keeping

2 Rules of debit & credits & types accounts

2 Recording business transactions in ‘Journal’

1 Posting Journal entries into concerned accounts

2 Balancing accounts & preparations of trial balance

1 Rules of preparing final accounts

2 Preparation of trading & profit and loss account

2 Preparation of balance sheet with simple examples

1 Analysis & Interpretation of financial statements, methods

2 Ratio analyses, types of ratios-Liquidity ratios, calculation

1 Activity ratio-significance, calculation

1 Capital structure ratios-significance, calculation

2 Profitability ratios, significance, calculation

ASSIGNEMNTS :

1. Explain the basic accounting concepts and conventions. Give examples.

2. What do you understand by double entry book keeping ? What are its

advantages?

3. What is Journal ? How is it ruled?

4. Define ledger ? state what is meant by sub division ledger

5. What is three column cash book? What is contra entry? Illustrate

6. What “Trial Balance”? State the main objectives of preparing the Trial

Balance. Explain the rules of preparing the trial balance.

7. What do you mean by final accounts? What are its constituents? Name them

and briefly explain the purpose of each of them.

8. What are financial statements ? Why they needed? How are they prepared?

9. Pass Journal entries for the following transactions in the books of M/s. Raghu

on 1st August,2003 commenced business with Rs.100000

Rs.

4.8.2003 Purchased goods 25000

5.8.2003 Purchased furniture 4000

6.8.2003 Opened bank account with 50000

10.8.2003 Sold goods 15000

11.8.2003 Sold goods to srihari 10000

15.8.2003 Purchased goods from kalyan 5000

16.8.2003 Paid commission 100

20.8.2003 Printing & stationery 250

25.8.2003 Purchased typewriter 2500

21.8.2003 Drawn money from bank 6000

27.8.2003 Received interest 150

30.8.2003 Paid rent 1500 and salary 800

10. Journalize the following transactions and post them to the ledger.

a. Ram invests Rs.10000 in cash

b. He bought goods worth Rs.2000 from shyam

c. He bought a machine for Rs.5000 from Lakshman on account

d. He paid to Lakshman Rs.2000

e. He sold goods for cash Rs.3000

f. He sold goods to ‘A’ on account Rs.4000

g. He paid to Shyam Rs.1000

h. He received amount from ‘A’ Rs.2000

11. In the books of Vani prepare trading, profit & loss account and balance sheet

for the year endings 31st March 2003 from the following particulars.

Rs.

1 Opening stock 5000

2 Salaries 500

3 Sales 70400

4 Motor car 25000

5 Traveling expenses 700

6 Cash in hand 5000

7 Capital 30000

8 Interest 1800

9 Bills receivables 4000

10 Wages 2000

11 Furniture & Fixtures 3600

12 Sundry debtors 14000

13 Lighting 350

14 Printing & Stationery 100

15 Postage 50

16 Returns inwards 6000

17 Purchase 25000

18 Commission 1500

19 Bank balance 10000

20 Advertisement 1000

21 Sundry creditors 5200

Adjustments

1. Closing stock Rs.40000

2. Write off bad debts Rs.100

3. Prepaid commission Rs.200

4. Outstanding salaries Rs.150

12. What are the types of financial statements of a business unit and explain how

differently they interpret the financial data

13. Explain the concept of ‘Liquidity’ and narrate its importance through suitable

examples with some assured data.

14. What do you understand by ‘solvency’ position of a manufacturing

organization? How is it evaluated? Illustrate with assumed data.

15. State the different types of turnover ratios and profitability ratios and

explain their significance.

16. As a financial analyst, what precautions would you take while interpreting

ratios meaning-fully?

17. Selected financial information about siri traders limited as given below :

2001 2002

Sales 600000 430000

Cost of goods sold 570000 325000

Debtors 72000 30000

Inventories 114000 55000

Cash 15000 8000

Other current assets 40000 27000

Current liabilities 160000 110000

Compute the current ratio, quick ratio, debt collection period and inventory

turnover ratios for the above two years and comment on the result.




Subject : BUILDING MATERIALS, CONSTRUCTION &

PLANNING Subject Code : 13CED006



Number of Hours / week : 4

Total number of periods planned: 60

Name of the Faculty Member: Ch. Haritha

UNIT : I

Syllabus:

Stones and Bricks, Tiles : Building stones – classification and quarrying – properties –

structural requirements – dressing. Bricks – composition of Brick earth – manufacture

and structural requirements

.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to

Explain the classification of stones.

Describe the process of Stone quarrying.

List the properties of good building stones.

Explain the process of dressing of stones

Lists the various methods of manufacture of Bricks.

Compare between different manufacturing processes of Bricks.

Lecture Plan


1. Classification of stone 1st PPT

2. Stone quarry 2nd

Black board + PPT

3. Properties of Building stones 3rd

Black board

4. Structural requirements of good building stones 4th

Black board

5. Dressing of stones 5th

Black board+ PPT

6. Composition of Brick earth 6th

Black board + PPT

7. Manufacture of Bricks 7th

Video + PPT

8. Structural requirements of Bricks and Tutorial 8th

PPT

9. Revise and Assignment 9th

Interaction + Black Board

Assignment – 1

1. (a) Discuss the classification of stones

(b) Explain the process of stone quarrying

2. Explain the manufacturing process of bricks

3. Compare burning of bricks in clamp with that in a kiln

4. Enumerate the factors which influence the selection of site of a quarry.

5. (a) Explain the properties of good bricks.

(b) What do you understand by drying of bricks? What are different methods of dying

the

bricks?

UNIT : II

Syllabus:

Cement & admixtures, wood, aluminum, steel, building components Ingredients of

cement – manufacture – field & lab tests ;Admixtures – mineral & chemical admixtures

– uses, Wood – structure – types and properties – seasoning – defects; steel & aluminum,

Lintels, Arches, walls, stair cases – types of floors, types of roofs – flat, curved, trussed;

foundations – types; Damp Proof Course; Joinery – doors – windows.


Explain Various ingredients of Cement

Explain Manufacturing Process of Cement

Explain Various Field tests and lab tests conducted for cement

Understand Different admixtures and their uses.

Explain the structure and properties of wood

Explain various types and properties of wood.

Explain Defects in wood

Explain types of Lintels

Explain types of Arches

Explain various types of walls and stair cases

Discuss the types of floor and roofs

Discuss various types of foundations

Understand Various causes of Dampness in a building

Lecture Plan


1. Various ingredients of cement and its

manufacturing process

10th

PPT

2. Field and lab tests 11th

and 12th

PPT+Video

3. Admixtures and its uses 13th

PPT

4. Types of wood , structure and its properties 14th

and 15th

PPT

5. Types of seasoning of wood 16th

Black board

6. Defects of wood 17th

Black board + PPT

7. Types of lintels 18th

and 19th

Black board +PPT

8. Types of Arches 20th

and 21st PPT

9. Types of walls 22nd

and 23rd

Black board +PPT

10. Types of Staircases with figures 24th

PPT

11. Types of floors 25th

PPT

12. Types of foundations 26th

PPT

13. Damp proof course 27th

Black Board

14. Joinery, doors and windows 28th

PPT

15. Revision and Assignment 29th

Interaction + Black

Board

Assignment - 2

1. Explain the field and laboratory tests for cement.

2. Discuss the ingredients of cement concrete and various tests for it.

3. Explain the structure and properties of timber

4. Discuss the various types of wood used in buildings

5. Explain the seasoning of timber? It defects.

6. Explain the functions and requirements of good foundations.

7. Explain the following

a).Spread foundation

b).Combined footing

c).Mat foundation

8. Explain different types of lintels

9. Briefly describe various types of stairs

10. Explain different types of doors and windows.

11. Write short notes on

a) Flat arch

b) Relieving arch

c) Bull’s eye arch

d) Elliptical arch

UNIT : III

Syllabus:

Masonry and finishings, formwork Brick masonry – types – bonds; Stone masonry –

types; Composite masonry – brick – stone masonry; concrete, reinforced brick.; Finishes

– Plastering, pointing, painting, claddings – types – tiles- ACP, Requirements – Standards

– Scaffolding – Design; Shoring, Underpinning


Describe the types of brick masonry

Explain the types of bonds

Explains the types of finishes

Describe various types of pointing

Describe various types of paints and procedure for painting different surfaces

Explain the requirements of scaffolding

Understands about different shoring and Underpinning.

Lecture Plan


1. Types of brick masonry 30th

PPT

2. Types of Bonds 31st PPT

3. Stone masonry 32nd

Black Board + PPT

4. Composite masonry 33rd

PPT

5. Brick stone masonry 34th

Black Board + PPT

6. Concrete, reinforced brick 35th

Black Board

7. Finishes-plastering, pointing 36th

and 37th

Black Board + PPT

8. Painting, cladding 38th

and 39th

Black Board + PPT

9. Types of tiles-ACP 40th

PPT

10. Requirements and standards of scaffolding 41st Black Board

11. Design of shoring and Underpinning 42nd

Black Board + PPT

Assignment – 3

1. Write short notes on various defects in plastering.

2. Explain the essential features of English bond and Flemish bond.

3. What are the essential requirements of scaffolding and what are its components.

4. Explain the method of pointing

5. Explain types of shoring.

UNIT: IV

Syllabus:

Building Services Plumbing Services, Water Distribution, Sanitary – Lines & Fittings;

Ventilators: Functional requirements systems of ventilators. Air conditioning – Essentials

and Types; Acoustics – characteristic – absorption – Acoustic design; Fire protection –

Fire hazards


Explain about water distribution, sanitary-lines and fittings

Describe the functional requirements of ventilators

Understand about shoring essentials and types of air conditioning

Describe about acoustics, absorption

Describe about acoustic design.

Understand about fire protection and fire hazards.

Classify fire resistant materials and constructions.

Lecture Plan


1. Plumbing services 43rd

PPT

2. Water distribution 44th

and 45th

Black Board +PPT

3. Sanitary fittings 46th

PPT

4. Ventilators 47th

Black Board

5. Functional requirements system of ventilators 48th

PPT

6. Air conditioning – types 49th

and 50th

PPT

7. Acoustics – characteristics- absorption 51st Black Board + PPT

8. Acoustic design 52nd

Black Board + PPT

9. Fire protection and fire hazards 53rd

Black Board + PPT

Assignment – 4

1. What do you understand by absorption of sound. Enumerate various absorptive

surfaces.

2. Explain the classification of fire resistant materials

3. Explain the types of air conditioning

4. Explain about water distribution system with a neat sketch.

5. What do you understand by reverberation? How do you determine the

reverberation time

6. Discuss in brief general principles and factors in acoustical design of a hall.

UNIT : V

Syllabus:

Building Planning Principles of Building Planning, classification of buildings and

Building by laws – building information system


Describes about the classification of buildings

Understand the concept of building bye laws

Explain principles of building planning.

Lecture Plan


1. Principles of building planning 54th

and 55th

Black Board

2. Classification of buildings 56th

Black Board + PPT

3. Building bye laws 57th

Black Board

4. building information system Revision and

Assignment

58th

Black Board

5. Revision and Assignment 59th

Interaction

6. Previous question paper discussion 60th

Interaction + Black

Board

Assignment - 5

1. Explain the principles of building planning

2. Explain the classification of buildings

3. Write short notes on building bye laws.

EXTRA TOPICS

Advanced materials for construction


(Autonomous)



Subject : Strength of Materials - 1

Subject Code : 5CE06



Number of Hours / week : 3 + 1

Total number of periods planned : 75

Name of the Faculty Member : Durga Prasad Ravella

Course Objectives:

Students shall be able to

Analyze various forces, various supports, deformation of the structures or member,

combination of various loads, and deformation of the structures or members.

Visualize the difference in strengthening a member by increasing the cross sectional

dimensions or making it unnecessarily large and uneconomical. He will be able to

realize that providing larger dimensions than optimum will make the members costly

and inefficient too.

Describe to predict the displacements or deformations of a structural member due to

various Loads and Load combinations.

Learn the difference between ductile and brittle materials.

Course Outcomes (COs): Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

CO-1: Know the important characteristic strengths of various materials used in

construction, fabrication of various members. CO-2: List the types of straining actions will occur due to different types of Loadings.

CO-3: Articulate the geometry of the structure to avoid development of undesirable

straining actions against which the material is weak and predicting the displacements of a

given member under given conditions.

CO-4: Economize the structure by proper modification like making it composite member

or pre-stressing it to introduce stresses of opposite nature.

CO-5: Judge the suitability of a particular material for a particular situation, such as

ductile materials for withstanding ductile loads.

UNIT – I

Simple Stresses and Strains

Hooke’s Law – Stresses and strain - Stress-Strain diagram for mild steel - Elasticity and

Plasticity - Types of Stresses and Strains – Comparison of stress-strain curves for ductile

and brittle materials-various types of steels-Working stress- Factor of safety - Lateral

strain - Poisson’s Ratio and volumetric strain - Elastic moduli and the relationship

between them - Bars of varying section.


The effect produced within the body due to the application of a force and the reaction.

An insight into what happens to the dimensions of the body, whether the material gets

crushed or stretched and failed.

Various characteristics of material such as ultimate strength, yield stress, and

working stress; and concept of factor of safety, various considerations for deciding

upon the factor of safety.

The measures of strengths of materials in various aspects, different moduli and their

relationship, assumptions, some principles like superposition theorem, St.Venant’s

principle etc.

The optimization of material consumption-beams and other structural members of

varying cross section, sudden variation and gradual variation.

The usage of different materials for building up a member like RCC incorporating a

stronger material when the main material is weak.

Teaching Plan:

Hour Name of the topic Method of Teaching

1 - 2 Engineering Mechanics Vs Strength

of Materials

Introduction to Strength of

Materials

NPTEL Video (IIT, Kharagpur)

& PPT.

3 - 4 Definition of stress, strain and

deformation, types of stresses and

strains

PPT.

5 - 6 Hook’s law, stress strain diagram

for mild steel

Video

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvNjm7Fz

GLM 7 - 8 working stress, factor of safety,

Lateral strain, Poisson’s Ratio and

volumetric strain

Black board teaching

9 - 10 Numerical examples Black board teaching

11 Tutorials Solving tutorial problems

12 - 13 Elastic moduli and the relationship

between them; Numerical examples


14 - 15 Bars of varying section, suddenly

varying & uniformly Varying cross

section, Total change in length,

problems


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvNjm7FzGLM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvNjm7FzGLM

Assignment :

1. A steel tube 100mm internal dia, 125mm external dia. is surrounded by a brass

tube of inner dia. 126mm and outer dia 150mm. Both are rigidly connected. The

compound tube is subjected to an axial compressive load of 5KN.Find the stresses

developed in each tube and the load carried by each tube. Take Es =200GPa and

Eb=100GPa.

2. A specimen of dia. 13mm and gauge length 50mm was tested under tension.

At20KN load, the extension was observed to be 0.0315mm. Yielding occurred at

a load of 35 KN and the ultimate load was 60KN. The final gauge length at

fracture was 70mm. calculate E, Yield stress, ultimate strength and % elongation.

3. Two rods, one made of steel and the other of brass, hang vertically, 1.0m apart,

from a rigid support. Both are 1.0m long. The rods support a rigid bar

horizontally. When a load of 25KN is placed at 400mm from the steel rod on the

horizontal bar, the extension of the two rods are found to be equal. If the area of

the steel rod is 300mm2, find the stresses and strains in the rods and the area of the

brass rod. Take Es = 200Ga and Eb = 85Gpa

4. A steel wire 2.0m long and 3mm in dia. elongates by o.75mm, when a weight W

is suspended from the wire. If the same load is suspended from the brass wire

2.5m long and 2mm dia, it is elongated by 4.64mm. Find the modulus of elasticity

of brass, if the modulus of elasticity of steel, Es = 200GPa

5. Find the Poisson’s Ratio and Bulk modulus of a material whose modulus of

elasticity is 200 GPa and modulus of rigidity is 80GPa. A 2.0m long rod of 40mm

dia. made with the same material is stretched by 2.5mm under some axial load.

Find the lateral contraction.

UNIT : II

Statically Indeterminate combinations

Members subjected to self-weight acting axially and their articulation for uniform stress –

Equations of Equilibrium and Compatibility – Statically Indeterminate Combinations –

Composite bars – Temperature stresses – Strain Energy – Strain energy due to axial

loads, gradually applied loads, suddenly applied and impact loads.


Lecture Plan

Analyze members subjected to self-weight acting axially and evaluate the stresses

in them using simple mechanics.

Shall be able to know the difference between statically determinate and Statically

Indeterminate structures.

Know about the equations of equilibrium and compatibility.

The effect of temperature change on the stresses in a member depending on the

constraints.

Evaluate strain energy for a given member subjected to different types of loading.


16 - 17 Members subjected to self-weight

acting axially and their articulation

for uniform stress


18 - 20 Equations of Equilibrium and

Compatibility

NPTEL Video (IIT, Kharagpur)

& PPT. 21 Statically Indeterminate

Combinations


22 - 24 Composite bars Black board teaching

25 - 26 Temperature stresses Black board teaching

27 Strain Energy Black board teaching

28 -30 Strain energy due to axial loads,

gradually applied loads, suddenly

applied and impact loads.


Assignment - 2

1. A thin tyre is shrunk on a wheel of 1.0m diameter. Find the internal diameter of

the tyre, if circumferential stress is limited to 90N /mm2. Find also the least

temperature to which the tyre must be heated above that of the wheel, before it

could be slipped on. For the tyre material take E= 200 GPa and α =12×10-6

/0C.

2. A bar of length 200mm tapers uniformly from 40mm dia to 35mm. calculate the

change in its length due to a an axial pull of 100KN, assuming Es 200 GPa.

Derive the formula used in the calculation.

3. Derive the expression for strain energy of an axially loaded members and flexural

members.

4. A vertical round steel rod 1.82m long is securely held at its upper end. A weight

can slide freely on the rod and its fall is arrested by a stop provided at the lower

end of the rod. When the weight falls from a height of 3cm above the stop, the

maximum stress in the rod is estimated to be 157N/mm2. Determine the stress in

the rod if the load had been applied gradually and also the maximum stress if the

load had fallen from a height of 4.75cm. Es = 210GPa.

5. A wagon weighing 35kN is attached to a wire-rope and moving down an incline

at speed of 3.6km/hour. When the rope jams and the wagon is suddenly brought to

rest. If the rope is 60m at the time of sudden stoppage, calculate the maximum

instantaneous stress and maximum instantaneous elongation produced. Diameter

of the rope = 30mm and E = 200GPa.

UNIT : III

Shear Force and Bending Moment: Types of supports, loads, beams – Concept of shear force and bending moment – Relation

between SF,BM and Rate of loading-SF and BM diagrams for statically determinate

beams - Point of Contraflexure and its significance – case of making maximum bending

moment a minimum.


The difference between a slab, beam and a column.

Various straining actions like bending moment, shear force and axial force.

Various types of beams based on the supporting conditions.

Relation between intensity of loading, shears force and bending moment.

Laws of beam diagrams based on the above relations

shear force and BM diagrams – development of the mathematical equations and

also using laws of beam diagrams.

Behaviour of various types of beams by comparing the maximum values of S.F

and BM

produced due to various conditions of supporting.

How to provide supporting conditions to get the maximum straining action as

minimum as possible.

The significance of point of contraflexure - steel beam and RCC beam, timber

beam etc.

Lecture Plan


31 Various straining actions on structural

members -concept of shear force and

bending moment and twisting moment


32 Various types of supports provided to beams

in building systems, types of beams like

cantilevers, simply supported, Overhanging,

continuous and fixed beams.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2552

&v=ITuWnrl3aKI

33 Relation between intensity of loading, shear

force and BM- laws of beam diagrams for

SFD BMD


34-36 SF and BM diagrams for Cantilever

subjected to point load, uniformly varying

loads and combination of loads


37-39 SF and BM diagrams for simply supported

beam subjected to point load, uniformly

varying loads and combination of loads

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=207

&v=5K27dJqGpf8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2552&v=ITuWnrl3aKI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2552&v=ITuWnrl3aKI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=207&v=5K27dJqGpf8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=207&v=5K27dJqGpf8

40-42 SF and BM diagrams for overhanging beam

subjected to point load, uniformly varying

loads and combination of loads


43-45 concept of point of contra flexure,

significance


46-48 Tutorials Solving tutorial problems

Assignment - 3

1. Sketch the S.F. &B.M. diagrams for an Overhanging beam ABCDE shown. Mark all

the salient points with respective values.

2. Draw SF& BM diagrams for the simply supported beam marking all the salient values.

3. An overhanging beam ABCD supported at Band D has an overhang AB of 3m on the

left side. It carries a load of 8KN at the point C, distance of C from D being 3m.Also

there is a udl of 2KN/m over AC of length 12m. Draw SF& BM diagrams marking all

salient points.

4. A simply supported beam with overhanging ends is loaded as shown. If wx l=P, what

is the ratio of a/l for which the B.M. at the middle of the beam will be zero.

5. Draw SFD& BMD for a simply supported beam subjected to a clock-wise couple M at

L/4 &L/2 from the left support, where L is the span Also draw the Elastic curve.

UNIT : IV

Flexural & Shear Stresses

Theory of Simple bending – Assumptions - Derivation of flexure formula - Neutral axis –

Bending stresses - Section modulus for various sections, Design of simple beam sections

– Advantages of Hollow sections.

Derivation of Shear stress formula - Shear stress distribution across depth of various

beam sections like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T, and angle sections – Role played

by the flanges and web of I section used as a beam.


Stresses produced due to bending of a member

Various assumptions made in the derivation of the flexure formula, concept of

Neutral Axis

Section modulus of various sections w.r.t. fibers suffering max. Compression

and max. tension

Simple designs of beams to resist the max. bending stress based on allowable

stresses

Various types of shear stresses produced based on the shearing action such as

direct, bending & torsional shear, punching shear

Variation of shear stress in the case of bending shear

Lecture Plan


49 Theory of simple bending - Assumptions

in theory of simple bending

Ppt.

50-52 Derivation of flexure formula

Solving tutorial problems

53-54 neutral axis bending stresses Ppt.

55-56 section modulus for various sections Black board teaching

57-58 Design of simple beam sections Black board teaching

59-60 Tutorials Solving tutorial problems

61 Various types of shear stresses based on

the shearing action


62-63 Derivation of formula for shear stress

distribution due to bending shear

Solving tutorial problems

64-65 sketching the variation in shear stress

across the depth of various sections,

examples.


Assignment - 4

1. An I – beam of 200mm depth is simply supported over an effective span of 8m.

Find what max. intensity of udl it can carry over entire length if the allowable

bending stresses in tension and compression are 30 and 45 N/mm2 respectively.

Take INA = 5935.5×104 mm

4. Distance of bottom fibre from NA is 87.38mm.

Obtain the dimensions of the strongest rectangular section that can be cut from a

circular log of wood of 250mm diameter.

2. A T section with a flange of 200×20mm and web of 400mm×50mm is used as a

cantilever with an effective span of 2.75m. It is subjected to a couple of 50KNm

clockwise at the free end. Sketchthe variation in bending stress at midspan section

and at the section carrying max. B.M.

3. Design a hollow circular section for a beam to carry a B.M .of 100kNm with

internal external diameter ratio of 0.75. Also sketch the variation in bending

stress. Compare the economy with a solid section of same material and same

weight. Take allowable stress as 150N/mm2.

4. A beam of square section is used with one diagonal horizontal and is subjected to

a S.F. of F. Length of the diagonal is d. Sketch the stress distribution across the

depth marking all the salient values. Also determine the ratio of max. Shear stress

to average shear stress

UNIT : V

Deflection of beams Slope, Deflection and Radius of curvature - Differential equation for the elastic line of a

beam – Slope deflection of beams using successive integration method - Macaulay’s

method – Mohr’s Moment area method – Conjugate beam method – Application to

cantilever and simply supported beams.


bending of a straight member induces deviation of various points on the axis of

the member by different amounts and rotation of the axis. (Linear & Rotational

displacements)

developing equation for slope and deflection for ease in calculating slope and

deflections at various sections.

Differential equation connecting Moment and curvature, successive integration.

Modification of double integration (or successive integration) method by

Macaulay for

conditions where B.M. is not constant.

Moment Area method for calculation of slope and defection at various sections of

the beam, particularly when I is suddenly varying.

Advantages of moment Area Method

Advantages of conjugate beam Method

Lecture Plan

Teaching Plan


66 Relation between Moment & curvature,

Circular Elastic curve for pure

bending-examples

http://www.powershow.com/view/3b3036-

NDUyY/Shear_Force_and_Bending_Mome

nt_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

67 Successive integration method for

various beams - end conditions /

boundary conditions


67-68 Determination of slope and defection

for cantilever beam subjected to point

loads, u d l, uniformly varying loads

https://youtu.be/lECzgy7WCHU


69-70 Determination of slope and deflection

for simply supported beams subjected

to point loads, uniformly varying loads


71 Macaulay’s modification of integration

method for various beams


72-74 Conjugate beam method-simple

problems - Moment area method


75 Tutorials Solving tutorial problems

Assignment

1. A simply supported beam of span L carries a uniformly varying triangular load of

intensity per unit length at the right end and zero at the left end. Obtain the slope

and Deflection at the left end and at the position of max. B.M.

2. A simply supported beam of span 6m carries two point loads of 60KN and 50KN

at 1m and 3m respectively from the left end. Find the position and magnitude of

max. deflection. Take E= as 200 GPa and I =8500cm4. Also determine the value

of deflection at the same point if one more load of 60kN is placed over the left

support.

3. A simply supported beam of 8m carries a partial u d l of intensity 5KN/m and

length 2m, starting from 2m from the left end. Find slope at left support and

central deflection. Take E= 200Gpa and I=8×108mm

4

4. (a)A cantilever of 4m. Span carries a load of 40kN at its free end. If the defection

at the free end is not to exceed 8mm, what must be the moment of inertia of the

cantilever section?

http://www.powershow.com/view/3b3036-NDUyY/Shear_Force_and_Bending_Moment_powerpoint_ppt_presentation



https://youtu.be/lECzgy7WCHU

(b)If the above beam with that moment of inertia and the same span is subjected

to a pure couple acting at the free end and the maximum deflection is not to

exceed 8mm, what maximum pure couple can be applied?

5. A horizontal beam of uniform section is simply supported at its ends which are at

the same level and is loaded at the left support with an anti –clockwise moment

‘M’ and at the right support with a clock –wise moment ‘2M’ both in the same

vertical plane. The span of the beam is ‘l’ Find the angles of the slope at each end,

deflection of the midpoint of the span in terms of M, L, and flexural rigidity.

V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING · PDF fileExplain how the procedure of...

Documents

Transcript of V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING · PDF fileExplain how the procedure of...