Vnla newsletter aprmayjun 2013

VIRGINIA PLANT INTRODUCTION PROGRAM www.beautifulgardens.org

DISTINCTIVE PLANTS FOR YOUR LANDSCAPE 2 0 1 3 S E L E C T I O N S

Hakonochloa macra ‘All Gold’ Sedum nokoense Hydrangea quercifolia ‘Little Honey’

Juniperus horizontalis ‘Mother Lode’ Ilex crenata ‘Drops of Gold’ Spirea thunbergii ‘Ogon’

Hypericum calycinum ‘Brigadoon’ Liriope muscari ‘Pee Dee Ingot’ Aralia cordata ‘Sun King’

Bright, Bold and Beautiful Inject a Dose of Sunshine into Your Garden

VNLA Newsletter April/May/June 2013 3

OFFICERS President MATT SAWYER - Research Bennett’s Creek Nursery ‘07 5635 Shoulders Hill Rd Suffolk, VA 23435-1807 757-483-1425 [email protected] Vice President MATT SHRECKHISE Communications ‘08 Shreckhise Nurseries PO Box 428 Grottoes, VA 24441-0428 540-249-5761 [email protected] Secretary/ Treasurer SONYA L. WESTERVELT Public Relations ‘10 Saunders Brothers Inc 2717 Tye Brook Highway Piney River, VA 22964 (434) 277-5455 [email protected] Past President STEVE GRIGG - Education Grigg Design Inc ‘09 8193 Euclid Ct #A Manassas Park, VA 20111-4810 703-368-7539 [email protected] Ex-Officio Past President MARK MASLOW Resource Development Southern Landscape Group PO Box 397 Evington VA 24550-0397 434-821-6004 [email protected] Executive Director JEFFREY B. MILLER Horticulture Management Associates LLC 383 Coal Hollow Road Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 1-800-476-0055 Fax: 540-382-2716 [email protected]

1 YR DIRECTORS CHERYL LAJOIE Certification ‘09 Lancaster Farms 5800 Knotts Neck Rd Suffolk VA 23435-1353 757-484-4421 Fax: 7575-686-8637 [email protected] CHRISTOPHER BROWN ‘13 Lancaster Farms 5800 Knotts Neck Rd Suffolk VA 23435-1353 757-484-4421 [email protected] VIRGINIA ROCKWELL Legislation ‘12 Gentle Gardener Green Design PO Box 418 Gordonsville, VA 22942-0418 540-832-7031 (cell) 434-531-0467 [email protected] Educational Advisors DR. ROGER HARRIS VA Tech Horticulture Dept. Head Saunders Hall (0327) Blacksburg, VA 24061-0001 540-231-5451 [email protected] DR. JIM OWEN HARAREC 1444 Diamond Springs Rd Virginia Beach, VA 23455 (757) 363-3804 [email protected] Beautiful Gardens® Plant Introduction Program LISA LIPSEY Program Coordinator VA Tech Dept. of Horticulture (0327) Blacksburg, VA 24061 540-231- 6961 [email protected]

2 YR DIRECTORS TOM THOMPSON, Environmental Affairs ‘10 Natural Art Landscaping 3540 S Belmont Rd Richmond VA 23234-2912 (804) 674-5703 [email protected] DOUG HENSEL Beautiful Gardens ‘08 Great Big Greenhouse & Nrsy 2051 Huguenot Rd Richmond, VA 23235-4305 804-320-1317 [email protected] CRAIG ATTKISSON ‘13 Green Side Up Landscaping PO Box 2026 Glen Allen, VA 23058-2026 804-514-4610 [email protected] MANTS’ DIRECTORS JOHN LANCASTER‘02 Bennett’s Creek Nursery 3613 Bridge Road Suffolk, VA 23435-1807 757-483-1425 [email protected] TOM SAUNDERS ’96 Saunders’ Brothers Inc. 2508 Tye Brook Hwy Piney River, VA 22964-2301 804-277-5455 [email protected] DANNY SHRECKHISE Shreckhise Nurseries ‘12 PO Box 428 Grottoes, VA 24441-0428 540-249-5761 [email protected]

REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Central Virginia Nursery & Landscape Assoc Jim Hassold 804-377-1977 [email protected] Eastern Shore Nurserymen’s Association Stuart Burnley 757-442-3548 [email protected] Hampton Roads Nursery & Landscape Assoc Wes Bray (757) 422-2117 [email protected] Northern Virginia Nursery & Landscape Assoc Amanda Caldwell [email protected] Piedmont Landscape Assoc Jessica Primm 434-882-0520 [email protected] Shenandoah Valley Nursery & Greenhouse Assoc Matt Shreckhise 540-249-5761 [email protected] Directors at Large Mike Hildebrand ‘12 James River Nurseries 13244 Ashland Rd Ashland VA 23005-7504 804-798-2020 mchildebrand@ jamesrivernurseries.com Dawn Lerch ‘12 Associate 1701 Ducatus Dr Midlothian VA 23113-4067 804-690-1374 (cell) [email protected] Bill Gouldin ‘12 Strange’s Florist/Garden Ctrs 3313 Mechanicsville Pike Richmond VA 23223 804-321-2200x331 [email protected]

2013 VNLA Officers & Directors

VNLA Newsletter 3April / May / June 2013VIRGINIA PLANT INTRODUCTION PROGRAM www.beautifulgardens.org

DISTINCTIVE PLANTS FOR YOUR LANDSCAPE 2 0 1 3 S E L E C T I O N S

Hakonochloa macra ‘All Gold’ Sedum nokoense Hydrangea quercifolia ‘Little Honey’

Juniperus horizontalis ‘Mother Lode’ Ilex crenata ‘Drops of Gold’ Spirea thunbergii ‘Ogon’

Hypericum calycinum ‘Brigadoon’ Liriope muscari ‘Pee Dee Ingot’ Aralia cordata ‘Sun King’

Bright, Bold and Beautiful Inject a Dose of Sunshine into Your Garden

4 April/May/June 2013 VNLA Newsletter

Ad - Beautiful Gardens ‘Plants of Distinction 2013” ............... 2 Ad - Bennett’s Creek Nursery .................................... 23 Ad - Bremo Trees ....................................................... 68 Ad - Bennett’s Creek Nursery ..................................... 21 Ad - Bremo Trees ....................................................... 68 Ad - BuyNCPlants.com .............................................. 53 Ad - Carolina Bark Products ...................................... 57 Ad - Colonial Farm Credit .......................................... 68 Ad - CW Reeson Nursery ........................................... 5 Ad - Eastern Shore Nursery of Virginia ..................... 37 Ad - Fair View Nursery .............................................. 57 Ad - Goodson & Associates ....................................... 41 Ad - Gossett’s Landscape Nursery ............................. 47 Ad - Guthrie Nursery .................................................. 43 Ad - Hanover Farms ................................................... 9 Ad - Hardwood Mulch ............................................... 63 Ad - Hawksridge Farms .............................................. 27 Ad - John Deere ........................................................... 64 Ad - John Stanley Associates ..................................... 61 Ad - Johnston County Nursery Marketing ................. 59 Ad - Lancaster Farms ................................................. 34 Ad - Lilley Farms & Nursery ..................................... 45 Ad - Mid-Atlantic Solutions ....................................... 31 Ad - OHP: Marengo ................................................... 49 Ad - Pender Nurseries ................................................ 67 Ad - Plantworks Nursery ............................................ 36 Ad - Shreckhise Nurseries .......................................... 51 Ad - SiteLight Id ......................................................... 39 Ad - TD Watkins ......................................................... 5 Ad - Turtle Creek Nursery .......................................... 13 Ad - Waynesboro Nurseries ....................................... 11 Ad - Willow Springs Tree Farms ............................... 55 Ad - Winfall Nurseries ............................................... 55 Events - VNLA Field Day: Save the Date! ................. 6 Events - SNA .............................................................. 29 Events - SNA New Regional Marketplace ............... 58 Events - Calendar ....................................................... 66 Letter - Horticultural Research Institute Thank you ... 8 Letters - Agriculture in the Classroom ....................... 8 Letters - Dr. Brian Jackson Research Gift .................. 8 Letters - Legislative Thank you for Flower Baskets ... 8 Letters - Thank You for Research Gift, Kelly Ivors ... 7 Letters - Virginia Agribusiness Council ..................... 8 Legislation - How to Contact Congress ..................... 6 News - Peggy Singlemann New Host of VA Homegrown ................................ 23 News - Sandra McDonald Recognized by the ARS and Norfolk Botanical Garden ............... 23

News - (MANTS) Means Business Again in 2013 ..... 9 News - 2013 Virginia Flower & Garden Expo Award Winners .................................. 37 News - GIE+EXPO’s New Format a Resounding Success ................................... 38 News - Green Industry Wins in 2013 Farm Bill Research ....................... 2 News - Living Green at the First Tee of Hampton Roads ................................. 40 News - MANTS Means Business Again in 2013 ....... 57 News - New SITES Certified Projects ...................... 39 News - Spending to Increase on Some Landscape Services in 2013 ....... 10 News - State Depart’s Gift of Dogwoods to Japan ..... 12 News - Virginia Farm Bureau State Fair of VA .......... 16 News - VA Tech's sycamore is still standing by way of its clone ................................. 43 News - VSLD Officers Elected ................................. 10 News - What Do We Like to Do Most in Our Yards? ........................................ 36 Research - Baptisia, False Indigo | A Real Trial ....... 46 Research - New Pathogen causing Root and Stem Rot of Begonia ............................. 46 Research - Soil-Water Budgets and Irrigation Sources and Timing ............. 24 Research - Weed Management Research Update ........ 41 Tips - 12 Months of Christmas.Retail Opportunity .... 60 Tips - Five Places Where Spending More Pays Off ... 61 Tips - Is 2013 The Year You Finally Go Mobile with Financial Data? ............................. 62 Tips - It Makes Sense to Sell the Senses ................... 59 Tips - New Smartphone App ...................................... 64 Tips - Ticks & Lyme Disease ..................................... 65 VNLA - Certification Quiz #64 .................................. 35 VNLA - Certification Landscape Seals ....................... 52 VNLA - Photo Contest ............................................... 14 VNLA - Photo Contest Rules ..................................... 15 VNLA - Strategic Planning Retreat & Board Meeting Minutes ............... 48 VNLA Field Day & Summer Tour ............................. 22 VNLA Legislative & Public Affairs Report ............... 54 VNLA Photo Contest .................................................. 15 VNLA -Profile - Brent and Becky’s Bulbs ................ 17 VNLA Summer Tour Friday, August 9 ...................... 22 VNLA Summer Tour, August 9 ................................. 44 VNLA Website ............................................................ 7

Support VNLA Members - Do Business with Members

Table of Contents

4 April / May / June 2013 VNLA Newsletter

T. D. Watkins Horticultural SalesRepresenting Red Oak, Shreckhise, Bremo Tree, Crookhorn, Willow Springs, Rockcreek andProctor Brothers Nurseries.

[email protected] Chalkwell Drive, Midlothian, Virginia 23113Cell 804-929-1982 Fax (call first) 804-378-0813

VNLA Newsletter January/February/March 2013 5

VNLA Mission, Vision and Objectives for 2013

Mission Statement: To Enhance and promote Vir-ginia’s nursery and landscape industry.

Vision: to become the leader and resource for the Virginia nursery and landscape industry.

Objectives Educated, Available Skilled Labor Force - Goal: VNLA will continue to promote programs that will education, train and provide an available skilled la-bor force.

Effective Communication and Advocacy GOAL: VNLA will effectively communication among staff, board, members, partners and the community.

Maximizing and Allocation Resources - GOAL: VNLA will secure increased funding from diverse sources and secure the necessary staff, board and committee members to run a dynamic organization.

Membership and Outreach - GOAL: Expand and communicate the value of membership.

Stewardship - GOAL: VNLA will promote adoption of Best Management Practices.

Strategic Marketing - GOAL: VNLA will promote itself as the leader and resource of the green industry.

What are members problems? How are we going to help them become

more successful?

Ad – CW Reeson Nursery

Same as previous

Classified Ads

Greenhouse Business For Sale Well established business in Southwest Virginia - Dublin.

On 2 acres, 15,000 sq ft

7 greenhouses, sales building, propane heaters, fans, 15 KW generator.

Includes updated ranch style home, 3 BD, 3 baths, public water/sewer.

Call 540-674-6960 or for details and photos www.vagreenhouse.blogspot.com

If you don’t see your ad here, neither does anyone else!

Call 800-476-0055 or email [email protected]

for advertising information, today!

VNLA Newsletter January/February/March 2013 5

VNLA Mission, Vision and Objectives for 2013

Mission Statement: To Enhance and promote Vir-ginia’s nursery and landscape industry.

Vision: to become the leader and resource for the Virginia nursery and landscape industry.

Objectives Educated, Available Skilled Labor Force - Goal: VNLA will continue to promote programs that will education, train and provide an available skilled la-bor force.

Effective Communication and Advocacy GOAL: VNLA will effectively communication among staff, board, members, partners and the community.

Maximizing and Allocation Resources - GOAL: VNLA will secure increased funding from diverse sources and secure the necessary staff, board and committee members to run a dynamic organization.

Membership and Outreach - GOAL: Expand and communicate the value of membership.

Stewardship - GOAL: VNLA will promote adoption of Best Management Practices.

Strategic Marketing - GOAL: VNLA will promote itself as the leader and resource of the green industry.

What are members problems? How are we going to help them become

more successful?


Same as previous

Classified Ads

Greenhouse Business For Sale Well established business in Southwest Virginia - Dublin.

On 2 acres, 15,000 sq ft

7 greenhouses, sales building, propane heaters, fans, 15 KW generator.

Includes updated ranch style home, 3 BD, 3 baths, public water/sewer.

Call 540-674-6960 or for details and photos www.vagreenhouse.blogspot.com

If you don’t see your ad here, neither does anyone else!

Call 800-476-0055 or email [email protected]

for advertising information, today!

VNLA Newsletter 5April / May / June 2013

VNLA Newsletter July/August 2006 5

Classified Ads VNLA Mission, Vision and Objectives for 2006

Mission: To Enhance and promote Virginia’s nursery and landscape industry.

Vision: The vision is to become the leader and resource for Virginia's nursery and

landscape industry.

Objectives

1. To expand the market for Virginia green industry products and services.

2. To have a positive influence on the legislature and other regulatory agencies impacting the industry in Virginia and the nation.

3. To provide quality professional development and certification programs for association members.

4. To be the catalyst for stimulating, and advancing the education, research, and technology needs of the industry.

5. To provide a responsive information management system for association members that is a viable clearing house for educational, legislative, mar-keting, research, and other important information concerning the industry.

6. To remain the leading horticulture organization within the agriculture community of Virginia.

7. To maintain an association organizational structure that will be fully responsive to its mission.


Same as previous

Ad – Sundance Safaris

Ad Safaris2_ad 2.pdf

Ad – HighPeakFarm.pdf

Ad - ChapmanLumber.tif

VIBURNUM ROOTED CUTTINGS FOR SALE $0.85 each

For Current Availability Email: [email protected] Phone: 434/263-4793 Website: www.highpeakfarm.com

HIGH PEAK FARMHIGH PEAK FARMHIGH PEAK FARMSHIPMAN VIRGINIASHIPMAN VIRGINIASHIPMAN VIRGINIA

OFFERING QUALITYGUIDED HUNTS

MEXICODUCKS, DOVES, TURKEYSDESERT MULEYS-COUESDEER-DESERT BIGHORN

CANADABEAR, COUGAR, ELK

COLORADOBUFFALO

FOR INFORMATION, CONTACT:DAVID “DEE” LAIRD

[email protected] • www.sangresundance.netPO Box 1895 • Montrose, CO 81402 • 970-240-0743

VNLA Newsletter January/February 2006 5

Classified Ads VNLA Mission, Vision and Objectives for 2006

Same as previous


Same as previous Same as previous

VIBURNUM ROOTED CUTTINGS FOR SALE $0.85 each

For Current Availability Email: [email protected] Phone: 434/263-4793 Website: www.highpeakfarm.com

HIGH PEAK FARMHIGH PEAK FARMHIGH PEAK FARMSHIPMAN VIRGINIASHIPMAN VIRGINIASHIPMAN VIRGINIA



OFFERING QUALITYGUIDED HUNTS

MEXICODUCKS, DOVES, TURKEYSDESERT MULEYS-COUESDEER-DESERT BIGHORN

CANADABEAR, COUGAR, ELK

COLORADOBUFFALO

FOR INFORMATION, CONTACT:DAVID “DEE” LAIRD

[email protected] • www.sangresundance.netPO Box 1895 • Montrose, CO 81402 • 970-240-0743

VNLA Field Day August 8 at Brent & Becky’s Bulbs

VNLA Summer Tour, August 9 Gloucester area private gardens

and Colonial Williamsburg


Presidents Message It has been a chal-lenging spring so far. Cold tempera-tures, wet weather, and sequestration have definitely al-tered the course of business this year. I have heard posi-tive news of a backlog of work as a result of the weather. We are waiting to see if the industry can catch up before the summer heat arrives.

There has been some buzz about Rose Rosette disease in Virginia. I encour-age you to check out Virginia Coop-erative Extension's publication on the disease. It is beneficial to have an awareness and understanding rather than making rash decisions to eradi-cate roses from your plant palette. Be sure to share this information with your customers and colleagues.

Remember to mark your calendar for the Hahn Garden Gala in Blacksburg on June 8th. Also, plan on attending the VNLA Field Day at Brent & Becky's Bulbs on August 8th as well as the Summer Tour on August 9th.

On Friday, May 3, ten VNLA mem-bers attended an invitation-only meet-ing, coordinated by the Virginia Ag-ribusiness Council, with Senator Mark Warner to let him know how seasonal labor issues impact their

business and their thoughts on the current Senate version of comprehen-sive immigration legislation. Now is the time to let your Congressional representatives know your views on seasonal labor issues. In the next col-umn you can look up and contact them through the VNLA website.

Matthew W. Sawyer

Make 2013 great!

By Matt Sawyer, President VNLA 2013

Save the Date! VNLA Field Day & Summer Tour

at Brent & Becky’s Bulbs Gloucester, VA

August 8-9, 2013

How to Contact Congress

To contact your congressman and senator, go the www.vnla.org and click in the legislation tab/button, and then click on the “Legislative Update” or go directly to: http://capwiz.com/anla/va/home/

Here, you can find your congressman and senators’ con-tact info and can email them directly

from this link. There are also summaries of current issues and sample letters. “The squeaky wheel gets the oil!”

Senator John Warner is presented a 1st Edition of “Flora of Virginia” by Danny Shreckhise, VNLA Past President and Vice Chair of the

Virginia Agribusiness Council at the meeting with the Senator on May 3

in Richmond. Discussions focused on immigration

issues and impacts on priorities of the agribusiness community. (Photo by Virginia Rockwell)

Vol. 83, No.2; April/May/June 2013 Editor: Jeff Miller

Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association, Inc.

383 Coal Hollow Road; Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 Internet E-mail Address: [email protected]

www.vnla.org (Association Info) www.VirginiaGardening.com (Consumer Info)

Telephone: 540-382-0943 or 1-800-476-0055 Fax: 540-382-2716 Disclaimer: Published for your information, this newsletter is not an

endorsement for individual products or editorial comments.

6 April / May / June 2013 VNLA Newsletter6 January/February/March 2012 VNLA Newsletter

VNLA President’s Message

As we get ready to take on a new year, I look forward to working with the members of the VNLA and members of the VNLA Board. We have added additional experi-ence to the Board to compliment the impres-sive talent we already have serving. Like most of us have done recently in business, the VNLA Board has taken a hard look at who we are and how we do it. We met in Lynch-burg for 2 days to establish a Strate-gic Plan. We discussed how to have the most impact on all areas that af-fect our Industry. This is a tall order. It is not a job for just one person. It is a job that will take the talents and commitment of many people. It also will not happen overnight. Plus, 90% of success is showing up, so we will have to participate to achieve the re-sults we hope to have and stay the course.

We plan on focusing on 3 main areas: Industry Advocacy; Publi-cations and Communications and Research and Education. We will also prioritize issues in each area.

One constant theme though that I have felt, is to make sure we are doing what is best for the Industry. This is a moving target and will vary over time. All people will not agree on what is best. However, as long as we as an Industry and Trade Association are viewed as the professional and experts by the public,

all of us will be doing our jobs.

I wish you all a healthy and pros-perous year.

Steve Grigg,

VNLA President 2012

How to Contact Congress

To contact your congressman and senator, go the www.vnla.org and click in the legislation tab/button, and then click on the “Legislative Update” or go directly to: http://capwiz.com/anla/va/home/

Here, you can find your congressman and senators’ contact info and can email

them directly from this link. There are also summaries of current issues and sample letters. “The squeaky wheel gets the oil!”

Vol. 82, No.1; January/February/March 2012 Editor: Jeff Miller

Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association, Inc.

383 Coal Hollow Road; Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 Internet E-mail Address: [email protected]

www.vnla.org (Association Info) www.VirginiaGardening.com (Consumer Info)

Telephone: 540-382-0943 or 1-800-476-0055 Fax: 540-382-2716 Disclaimer: Published for your information, this newsletter is not an

endorsement for individual products or editorial comments.

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Letter - Horticultural Research Institute

Thank you On behalf of the HRI Board of Trus-tees, thank you for the $500 donation to the Susan and Robert Dolibois Key Award Fund. This donation was made on January 28, 2013. We know that Bob and Susie are very honored to have received so many donations in celebration of Bob's retirement. Each year when their fund awards a research grant, your generosity will be honored.

Research takes time, patience and dedication, and we give thanks to you for continuing to push forward with us. With donors like you, we are able to preserve our country and the green industry through quality plants and business practices that sustain the important relationship between the research and business communities. Thank you for being an annual donor to HRI.

Thank you for your support. Teresa A. Jodon Executive Director, Research Affiliate of the American Nursery & Landscape Association, Washington, DC 202-695-2474 •

www.HRIResearch.org

Letters - Agriculture in the Classroom

Because of the $1,500 donation that we recently received from the Virgin-ia Nursery and Landscape Associa-tion, children in Virginia will learn how agriculture positively affects almost every facet of their world. I cannot tell you how much I appreci-ate this gift to Agriculture in the Classroom.

With your support, we will be able to train and provide free classroom re-sources to more than 1,800 Virginia educators this school year. These teachers will have the potential to teach more than 45,000 Virginia stu-

dents about agriculture in just their first year using AITC resources.

Again, thank you for your support of Agriculture in the Classroom. If we can help you with anything, please contact Parke Sterling at 804-290-1144 or [email protected] or Karen Davis at 804-290-1142 or [email protected] .

Wayne F. Pryor, President Virginia Farm Bureau

Letters - Legislative Thank you for Flower

Baskets Just a short note to thank you for the beautiful plant you left for my office today, February 7, 2013. Please don't hesitate to contact me in the future if I can ever be of any assistance. Joseph D. Morrissey, Representative 74th

District, House of Delegates, VA

Thank you so very much for the beautiful planted jonquil basket you sent to our office. It reminds us that spring is coming. I appreciate your thinking of us in such a nice way. Please do not hesitate to call upon me at any time that I can be of help to you. Joseph P. Johnson, Jr., Fourth District,

House of Delegates, VA

Thank you for taking the time to come and visit me in Richmond dur-ing the 2013 General Assembly ses-sion. Also, the miniature daffodil plant is a nice reminder that spring is just around the corner. Thank you again and please do not hesitate to contact my office if I can be of assis-tance to you on matters before the Commonwealth. David J. Toscano, Minority Leader, Fif-ty-Seventh District, House of Delegates,

VA

The Attorney General requested that I write and thank you for the lovely basket of hyacinths that was delivered to the office on February 15th. They

certainly brightened up our reception area and were enjoyed by all who came through. We let everyone know that they came from the Virginia Ag-ribusiness Council and the Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association. Thank you so much for your thought-fulness. It is very much appreciated.

Eva A. Stuart, Constituent Services Ad-ministrator Office of the Attorney Gen-

eral

Letters - Dr. Brian Jackson Research Gift

On behalf of the North Carolina Ag-ricultural Research Service, the NC Agricultural and Life Sciences Re-search Foundation and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, thank you and the VNA Horticulture Re-search Foundation, Inc. for your $6,800 gift to support Dr. Brian Jack-son's research activities.

Your investment in the College and the North Carolina Agricultural Re-search Service helps enable the future breakthroughs and advances in agri-culture, biotechnology and life sci-ences that will benefit citizens in our state, nation and world.

We are truly grateful for your gener-ous support of the College and the future of research at NC State Uni-versity. David W. Monks, PhD, Interim Associate Dean and Director; Catherine Maxwell Executive Director, NC Agricultural &

Life Sciences Research Foundation

Letters - Virginia Agribusiness Council

Thank you to VNLA for sponsoring our National Policy Meeting! We ap-preciate all of the support ou provide to the Council throughout the year as well

Jennifer Chambers, Virginia Agribusi-ness Council


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VNLA Newsletter July/August 2006 7

LettersThank you for supporting our 7th An-nual Legislative Golf Tournament on June 12 at Mattaponi Springs Golf Club. We had a terrific response with 112 players including a number of elected and appointed state officials, 18-hole sponsors, three food and bev-erage sponsors and numerous spon-sors of gifts and prizes. This is a sub-stantial increase from past years thanks to your efforts.

This event is not only a very enjoy-able way to promote agribusiness to all participants, but it also contributes to the Council’s ability to represent our industry’s interest throughout the year with the General Assembly, Governor’s office state agencies, congressional delegation and the gen-eral public. Our significant accom-plishments are attributable to the sup-port you provide. Thank you.

We look forward to your joining us

again nest year for out 8th Annual Legislative gold Tournament. Sincerely, Virginia Agribusiness Council

Editor’s Note: The VNLA was a team sponsor, prize and give away contributor

and a hole sponsor.

Arbor Day Thanks Many thanks for the wonderful Swamp White Oak that was donated to Lorton Library for Arbor Day this year. It’s doing well and sprouting new growth even as I write.

An article about the ceremony was featured on the library website www.fairfaxcounty.gov/library/branches/lo/oaktreeplanting.htm. It was a lovely day and I know our neighbors will enjoy the tree for many years.

Sincerely, Lorton County Library

Editor’s Note: Vice-Presiden,, Lou Kobus, provided the tree

on behalf of VNLA.

VNLA –Summer Board Meeting Minutes

Friday, June 23, 2006; 9:00 am to 12:30 pm

Virginia Room, Hampton Inn, Front Royal, VA

9:00 a.m. Call to Order – Richard Johnson, President called the meeting to order with the following people present: Lizzy Pine, Lesley Pine, Jeff Miller, Bonnie Appleton, Duane Shumaker, Butch Gaddy, and Billy Crigler.

Guest Introductions – Bill Dutcher, President of the CVNLA, was intro-duced and welcomed to the meeting.

Secretary’s Report, Butch Gaddy reported that the minutes had been printed in the VNLA Newsletter and emailed to the Board. A motion was made to accept the minutes, seconded and passed.

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Responses indicate that the biggest spending increase will likely be in the design/build area, with a potential for spending to double3 ($2,9001 on aver-age from $1,4002).

Where are people sending the most money? In the past year, the top three services purchased by consumers who have a lawn and landscape included:

18 percent on Landscape Mainte-nance/Care ($600 average spent)

16 percent on Lawn Care ($400 average spent)

11 percent on Tree Care ($400 average spent)

For a complete list of spending on services, view the survey report at www.loveyourlandscape.com/research.

Men outpace women when it comes to hiring professional landscape help over the past year (39 percent vs. 32 percent), and younger adults, ages 18 to 34, stand out as most likely to have hired professionals the building of

outdoor living spaces, patios and walkways over the past year (9 per-cent vs. 3 percent of those aged 35+).

“About a third of the Americans who have a lawn or landscape turn to pro-fessionals for help for a variety of reasons, some of which include that they don’t have the skills and ability or patience to do it themselves, and that they want a professional look,” said PLANET CEO, Sabeena Hick-man, CAE, CMP. “We are pleased to help landscape industry companies bring the best knowledge and cutting-edge practices to their clients’ lawns and landscapes.”

PLANET members can access a ver-sion of the report with additional de-mographic data in the member center of PLANET’s website.

About the Survey This survey was conducted online within the United States by Harris Interactive on behalf of PLANET from February 7-11, 2013, among

2,219 adults ages 18 and older, of whom 1,830 have a lawn/landscape. This online survey is not based on a probability sample and therefore no estimate of theoretical sampling error can be calculated. For complete sur-vey methodology, including weighting variables, please contact Lisa Schaumann at [email protected].

About PLANET PLANET, the Professional Landcare Network, is the national trade associ-ation representing more than 100,000 landscape industry professionals, who create and maintain healthy, green living spaces for communities across America. PLANET members are committed to the highest standards in industry education, best practices, and business professionalism. Many of PLANET’s professionals have at-tained the status of becoming Land-scape Industry Certified, achieving the greatest level of industry expertise and knowledge. Visit PLANET at

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trol the movement of invasive plants and pests, which can travel with plants and flowers. Increasing atten-tion is being focused on the possibil-ity of regulating plant movement through audit-based systems ap-proach certification programs, rather than by inspection of individual shipments. “It is absolutely necessary that we make sure that growers, with their real-world experience, are in-volved in the design of any certifica-tion program,” said ANLA’s Joe Bis-choff. “We believe that the best, most widely accepted programs will be based on significant input from the industry.”

For that reason, SAF and ANLA have continued to be actively involved in several of the current efforts to create interstate and/or international, certifi-cation programs. “We are actively consulting with industry leaders,” said SAF’s Lin Schmale, “and mak-ing sure that the USDA, state, and other efforts hear industry’s voice!”

The new project would create a soft-ware-based array of accepted “best management practices” from which an individual greenhouse or nursery grower could quickly and easily choose to address the operation’s specific product and shipping situa-tion. Once the grower creates an overall plan to cover the critical con-trol points in the operation, it can be approved by the certifying govern-ment agency and then the operation could get its products out the door quickly without waiting for individu-al inspections.

“Participation in any certification ap-proach would be voluntary, and if growers want to continue to use the current inspection systems, they could do so,” said Bischoff. “But we think that if we can help steer the government agencies into developing effective, easy to use programs, the industry will greatly benefit.”

Other important green industry research projects approved

under the Section 10201 announcement include:

$385,680 to a project focusing on Impatiens Downy Mildew, a col-laborative effort including USDA’s IR-4 and the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Michigan State University, Cornell University, North Carolina State University and the University of Florida.

$143,000 to a project spearheaded by IR-4 and including ARS and in-ternational researchers, to study Chrysanthemum White Rust.

$245,483 to continue the study of enhanced mitigation techniques for the control of several exotic whitefly species, to the Universi-ty of Florida and cooperators in-cluding ARS and the Florida De-partment of Agriculture.

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May/June 2007 VNLA Newsletter 12

VNLA – Photo Contest

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December 2012 - John Wessel December 2011 - Michele Fletcher

August 2011 - Jennifer Seay

October 2011 - Dwayne Jones

January 2013 - Katie Klages

September 2012 - Lisa Lipsey

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$240,000 to the Hawaii Depart-ment of Agriculture to continue developing a systems approach to pest management in production of potted nursery plants, includ-ing orchids, anthurium, and oth-ers.

$100,000 to Washington State University to study steaming as a method of eradicating Phy-tophthora species in field soil.

$660,000 to two ongoing and coordinated projects involving IR-4, federal, university and industry partners to further understand the environmental factors involved in Boxwood Blight development and mitiga-tion strategies to manage the disease.

$185,000 to a collaborative pro-ject including IR-4, ARS and the Universities of Florida, Hawaii and California to study the man-agement and help prevent ship-ping of invasive insects.

$40,000 to the State of Florida, to conduct a survey of gladiolus rust in the state.

Nearly $683,000 to support on-going research, primarily di-rected at Phytophthora ra-morum, at the National Orna-mentals Research Site in Cali-fornia.

$453,132 to various National Clean Plant Network-associated projects, to develop harmonized national certification standards, evaluate the economic impact of the program, and to inform grow-ers of their ability to access prov-en pest- and disease-free stock.

“SAF and ANLA were strongly in-volved, as part of the Specialty Crop Farm Bill Alliance, in advocating for this important funding,” said Schmale. “Specialty crops have been traditionally under-represented in previous farm bills, and we continue to advocate - most recently as a part

of SAF’s Congressional Action Days this March - to continue this im-portant funding into the new Farm Bill."

Section 10201 of the 2008 Farm Bill directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available $50 million in annual Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds for early plant pest de-tection and surveillance, for threat identification and mitigation of plant pests and diseases, and for technical assistance in the development and implementation of audit-based certi-fication systems and nursery plant pest risk management systems. Click here to read more about the Section 10201 Farm Bill funding.

For further information contact: Lin Schmale, [email protected] -

Joe Bischoff, [email protected]

News - Virginia Farm Bureau acquires full ownership of

State Fair of Virginia The Virginia Farm Bureau Federation entered into an agreement March 14 to assume full ownership of the State Fair of Virginia and The Meadow Event Park from Universal Fairs LLC of Cordova, Tenn.

Farm Bureau, which had been 50-percent owner since last July, entered into an agreement on the remaining 50 percent and will continue to oper-ate the State Fair and many other events on the historic 331-acre prop-erty that was once home to Secretari-at, the legendary Thoroughbred who captured the 1973 Triple Crown.

This year’s fair will run from Sept. 27 to Oct. 6 at the Caroline County site.

“This is a very proud day for Virgin-ia Farm Bureau,” noted VFBF Presi-dent Wayne F. Pryor. “Universal Fairs was a great partner for the first year, and the two groups were able to work together to continue uninter-rupted operation of the State Fair af-

ter it had gone into bankruptcy just months earlier.

“And we part ways amicably,” he added. “Farm Bureau’s mission is to preserve, protect and promote agri-culture, and help it prosper. We’ve realized there’s no better way to showcase this great industry than through the State Fair. Universal Fairs operates events across the coun-try and did a great job in Virginia. They agreed to allow us to take full ownership so they could better focus on their many other events nation-wide.

“We learned a lot and gained tre-mendous insight into how to operate a fair during 2012. Now, the pressure is fully on our shoulders,” Pryor said. “But we plan to expand and improve this wonderful event beginning this year and well into the future.

“We plan to carry this out through teaching exhibits, shows and com-petitive events that include livestock, dairy, equine, sheep and goats and much more," Pryor said. “We also plan to continue the Skills USA com-petitions as well as competitions for photography and arts and crafts and the ever-popular Educational Expo, which hosts approximately 14,000 schoolchildren who participate in a Standards of Learning-based program and tour.”

Mark D. Lovell, president of Univer-sal Fairs, said keeping the State Fair open in 2012 was “a welcome chal-lenge and an extremely rewarding opportunity. It’s a unique and much-loved event, and we were proud to open those gates and light up that property last September. I’m sure the State Fair of Virginia has a long and promising future.”

With nearly 150,000 members in 88 county Farm Bureaus, VFBF is Virginia’s largest

farmers’ advocacy group. Farm Bureau is a non-governmental, nonpartisan, voluntary

organization committed to protecting Virgin-ia’s farms and ensuring a safe, fresh and lo-

cally grown food supply.


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Bulbs

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George Heath 1960

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rent Heath 19ecky Heath 1rent and B

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Urban Nutrient Management Handbook 11-1

Chapter 11. Soil-Water Budgets and Irrigation Sources and Timing


W. Lee Daniels, Professor, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia TechGreg Evanylo, Professor, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech

Kathryn Haering, Research Associate, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia TechLaurie Fox, Research Associate, Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech

David Sample, Assistant Professor, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech

IntroductionThe successful establishment and management of turf-grass and landscape plantings are highly dependent on the maintenance of adequate soil moisture over time, particularly during periods of drought. Ideally, the soil’s physical properties allow for rapid infiltration and reten-tion of rain and applied irrigation waters. When adverse soil properties such as excessive compaction and lack of aggregation (see chapters 2 and 3) limit soil infiltra-tion rates, valuable water is lost to runoff and may carry excess nutrients away with it in stormwater discharge.

Conversely, when excess soil water percolates down through the soil profile, particularly during the winter, it may also carry away soluble nutrients such as nitrate-nitrogen to local groundwater. Thus, the relative risk of nutrient movement to groundwater and surface waters in any managed soil landscape is strongly controlled by the physical nature of the soil profile coupled with the nature of the vegetation and associated manage-ment practices. These site-specific factors then interact

with local climate — particularly rainfall intensity and snowmelt — resulting in different infiltration and run-off rates.

In this chapter, we will focus on understanding how water applied as rainfall or irrigation moves into and out of the soil profile on a local (e.g., home lot) basis. Greater detail on larger scale (e.g., subdivision or water-shed level) stormwater and nutrient runoff issues and best management practices is presented in chapter 12.

The Hydrologic Cycle and Soil-Water BudgetsA basic understanding of the hydrologic cycle (illus-trated in figure 11.1) is necessary to understand nutrient loss mechanisms and to develop management strategies to reduce nutrient losses to groundwater and surface water. The primary components of the hydrologic cycle that are most important to nutrient transport in surface water and groundwater are:

• Precipitation.

• Interception of rainfall on plants.

• Surface runoff.

• Evapotranspiration (evaporation plus plant transpiration).

• Net leaching to groundwater and eventual discharge into streams (base flow).

Nutrients move into the groundwa-ter system via leaching and to sur-face water via runoff or groundwater discharge to springs and seeps. Any contaminants dissolved in surface runoff, such as nitrate (NO3

-) or ortho-phosphorus, can contribute to surface water contamination. In addition, discharge of groundwater into surface water often occurs in Figure 11.1. The hydrologic cycle. Figure by Kathryn Haering.


11-2 Urban Nutrient Management Handbook


stream beds and tidal portions of the Chesapeake Bay system.

Precipitation Long-term annual precipitation averages range from 35 inches to more than 50 inches in different areas of the mid-Atlantic region. Although timing and amount of precipitation will vary in each individual year, these deviations from the average cannot be reliably predicted.

InterceptionFrom 5 percent to 40 percent of precipitation is inter-cepted by the leaves of plants, depending on the inten-sity of rainfall and the morphology of the canopy. This water never reaches the soil surface to contribute to either infiltration or runoff, but it does cool and wet the plant’s leaves, which can decrease transpiration losses over the short term. Higher interception rates are asso-ciated with light rains falling on dense multistoried canopies (e.g., mature woody trees over complete her-baceous groundcovers), while lower interception rates are associated with heavy rains on thinly vegetated sur-faces, such as newly established lawns.

Surface Runoff Precipitation that falls onto the soil surface in excess of the infiltration rate will run off to lower portions of the landscape or to surface streams. Soil infiltration rates vary widely, from several inches of rainfall per hour on gently sloping, well-vegetated, and aggregated sur-faces to less than 0.10 inch per hour on sloping, com-pacted, clayey, poorly vegetated areas. Infiltration is also affected by whether or not the soil surface is wet or dry at the start of the rainfall event (antecedent mois-ture conditions).

EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of surface evapora-tion of moisture (from puddles, ponds, etc.) plus the removal of soil moisture by the root uptake and sub-sequent transpiration of water through the leaves of living vegetation. For example, ET accounts for 25 to 40 inches of the total precipitation in Virginia and is highest in Eastern Virginia, where the long growing season and higher air temperatures combine for maxi-mum plant water demand. The removal of soil water by ET decreases significantly when air temperatures drop below 45 degrees Fahrenheit (F) and/or when the active

vegetation goes dormant for the winter. Long-term average rainfall by month does not vary significantly throughout the year for most areas, but it is slightly higher in the late summer and early fall due to infre-quent (but extreme) effects of hurricanes. Evapotranspi-ration, however, is much greater during the late spring, summer, and early fall because water use by vegetation is much higher during this period (see figure 11.2).

Leaching and Groundwater Discharge Water that infiltrates upland soils during the growing season is largely removed by evapotranspiration (figure 11.2); water losses beyond the rooting zone to ground-water are very rare. Consequently, the risk of leach-ing or runoff losses of water and soluble nutrients is much less during the summer than during the winter. However, during the late fall and winter, any added or remaining soil water — particularly that held in large macropores — is subject to leaching below the rooting zone and will eventually reach groundwater.

During leaching, soluble nutrients such as nitrate per-colate through the soil with water because they are not readily bound to soil surfaces. The relative amounts of surface runoff, interception, and leaching from an area are influenced by storm intensity, storm duration, slope, soil type, type of vegetation, and amount of plant or crop residue on the soil surface.

During the winter months, the amounts of rainfall and snowmelt that infiltrate most upland soils greatly exceeds the rate of evapotranspiration. During this period (nominally November to March), water leaches completely through the soil profile and contributes to local groundwater “recharge.” Groundwater that infil-trates upland soils as recharge eventually discharges into local streams and is also termed “base flow.”

Figure 11.3 depicts an example of a landscape-level water budget and net groundwater discharge to streams for a typical Ridge and Valley Province watershed. In this area, long-term leaching and discharge accounts for about 5 inches per acre of watershed area, while direct-surface runoff losses account for 7 inches per acre annually. Surface runoff contributions to stream water occur during and after rainfall events or snow-melt and are therefore highly variable over time.

In contrast, base flow is usually a continuous contribu-tor to stream flow throughout the year. During dry periods, base flow is the primary contributor to stream flow, which vividly demonstrates the interconnection of groundwater and surface waters.




Base flow and subsurface seepage of groundwater con-tribute more than surface runoff to surface water bod-ies in the Atlantic Coastal Plain Province due to much flatter terrain, highly permeable soils, and relatively high water table levels. In some areas of the Coastal Plain, groundwater discharge may account for as much as 80 percent of total annual contributions to surface water. Groundwater in the Coastal Plain Province typi-cally moves in a downwardly arcing path from uplands toward discharge points at a rate of several inches to as much as 2 feet per day.

Watering Basics for Turf and Landscape PlantingsAs pointed out in the preceding section, plant transpi-rational demands for water during the summer usually exceed rainfall, which can lead to water stress, poor plant growth, and even death of established turf and landscape plantings. Water stress is amplified in urban soils that are limited by compaction and poor aggrega-tion/infiltration (chapter 3) and in very sandy or rocky native soils with inherently low water-holding capaci-ties (chapter 2). Therefore, we commonly supplement rainfall with watering/irrigation during the summer and early fall months.

Water Application Rate, Timing, and FrequencyThe amount of water needed by established turf or ornamental plants depends on the type of turf or plant, the soil type, the amount of existing moisture in the soil, and the time of year. Overwatering is a leading cause of problems with landscape plants and can also damage established turf — especially when applied to soils with limited permeability that locally perch shal-low, saturated zones in soils (see chapter 3) or cause local ponding. Where feasible, rain sensors should be

Figure 11.2. The soil water budget. This figure depicts the overall balance of water inputs (as precipitation) and losses (as runoff, evapotranspira-tion, and leaching) for a typical upland soil in the mid-Atlantic region. The annual period shown here runs from September (S) to September. Note that while average precipitation inputs are fairly even across the year, net evapotranspiration demand varies directly with the season as driven by temperature and day length. In midsummer (J, J, and A), potential evapotranspiration greatly exceeds rainfall and the difference between the two results in a soil water deficit that must be made up via supplemental watering/irrigation for optimal plant growth. By late fall (N and D), however, evapotranspiration drops with falling temperatures and the soil holds and stores water against leaching up to its water-holding capacity as soil stor-age. Once that capacity to retain water is exceeded, additional infiltrating rainwater and snowmelt is transmitted down through the soil and is lost as leaching to groundwater recharge. Figure by Kathryn Haering; based on data from Carroll County, Va.

Figure 11. 3. General water budget, Upper South Fork of the Shenan-doah River (adapted from Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation 1993).




installed on large or commercial irrigation systems to prevent overwatering and waste and to reduce costs.

Application RateOne-time irrigation rates for turf should be sufficient to wet, but not saturate, the entire rooting depth as described below. This may vary from 0.5 to 1.5 inches or more of water per event, depending on the poros-ity, aggregation, and bulk water-holding capacity of the soil. An easy way to check this is to use a shovel to examine the wetting depth approximately 30 minutes after the irrigation event ends. Obviously, the applica-tion rate will also need to be managed to ensure com-plete infiltration and limited runoff.

As a general guide, water should be applied to land-scape plantings at the rate of 1.0 inch per week (60 gal-lons per 100 square feet) in a single application. This amount will wet most soils to a depth of about 12 inches (the area containing 80 percent of the roots of most landscape plants). Because water moves readily within the plant, you do not need to water the entire root zone. Twenty-five percent of the root area can absorb enough water for the entire plant. Irrigation should stop when water begins to run off. If necessary, 0.5 inch of water can be applied, followed by an additional 0.5 inch sev-eral hours later to prevent runoff. This rate is a general recommendation for established annuals, perennials, and woody plants in landscape beds.

Application TimingThe best time to water is in the early morning, whether using a hand-held hose, drip or trickle sys-tem, microsprinklers, soaker or ooze hose, or overhead sprinklers. As much as 30 percent of the water applied overhead during midday can be lost to interception and evaporation. Also, overhead applications made early in the day allow time for the foliage to dry, which prevents diseases.

Application Frequency for Landscaping PlantsFor established turfgrass, the watering regime should be managed to provide enough water to wet the soil throughout the normal rooting zone (i.e., 6 to 12 inches) but not more than twice per week to avoid overwater-ing. Deep, infrequent watering promotes downward turfgrass root proliferation while more frequent, shal-low irrigation events are detrimental to long-term turf rooting patterns and the sod’s inherent ability to with-stand drought in the absence of watering.

Slow, deep, soaking applications once a week are best for landscaping plants. Avoid short, frequent, shallow applications that can actually stress landscape plants or cause a buildup of ions or salts from the water in the soil that may be toxic to certain plants. Newly installed plants may require more frequent irrigation. This depends mainly on the plant species, soil type, and mulch.

In general:

• Water annuals every two days for the first two weeks.

• Water perennials and woody plants every three to four days for the first three weeks.

• Irrigation frequency should return to once a week as needed after the plants have been established.

Water Reuse: Using Reclaimed Water for Irrigation“Reclaimed water,” also known as “recycled water,” is water recovered from domestic, municipal, and indus-trial wastewater treatment plants that has been treated to standards that safely allow most uses except human consumption (figure 11.4). “Wastewater” (untreated liquid industrial waste and/or domestic sewage from residential dwellings, commercial buildings, and indus-trial facilities) is not reclaimed water. “Gray water,” or untreated wastewater from bathing or washing, is one form of wastewater. Wastewater may be land-applied, but this is considered to be land treatment rather than water reuse.

Figure 11.4. Water reclamation process at a wastewater treatment facility. (adapted from Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] 2004).


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How Is Reclaimed Water Produced?During primary treatment at a wastewater treatment plant, inorganic and organic suspended solids are removed from plant influent by screening and settling. The decanted effluent from the primary treatment pro-cess is then subjected to secondary treatment, which involves biological decomposition of organic material and settling to further separate water from solids. If a wastewater treatment plant is not equipped to perform advanced treatment, water is disinfected and discharged to natural water bodies following secondary treatment.

Advanced treatment or tertiary treatment consists of further removal of suspended and dissolved solids, including nutrients, and disinfection. Advanced treat-ment can include:

• Nutrient (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) removal by biological or chemical methods.

• Removal of organics and metals by carbon adsorption or chemical precipitation.

• Further removal of suspended and dissolved solids by filtration, coagulation, ion exchange, reverse osmo-sis, and other techniques.

• Removal of organic chemicals by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide or ozone.

Water that has undergone advanced treatment is dis-infected prior to being released or reused. Reclaimed water often requires greater treatment than effluent that is discharged to local streams or rivers, because users will typically have more direct contact with undiluted, reclaimed water than with undiluted effluent.

Why Reuse Water?The demand for fresh water can potentially exceed sup-ply during times of even moderate drought. The poten-tial for developing new sources of potable water is limited. Conservation measures such as irrigating with reclaimed water are one way to help ensure existing water supplies are utilized as efficiently as possible.

Water Reuse RegulationsThere are no federal regulations governing reclaimed water use, but the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; 2004) has established guidelines to encourage states to develop their own regulations. The primary purpose of federal guidelines and state regulations is to protect human health and water quality. To reduce

disease risks to acceptable levels, reclaimed water must meet certain disinfection standards by reducing the con-centrations of constituents that may affect public health and/or limiting human contact with reclaimed water.

The EPA (2004) recommends that water intended for reuse should:

• Be treated to achieve biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids levels of less than 30 mil-ligrams per liter (mg/l) during secondary or tertiary treatment.

• Receive additional disinfection by means such as chlorination or other chemical disinfectants, UV radiation, ozonation, and membrane processing.

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is an indicator of the presence of reactive organic matter in water. Total suspended solids (TSS) are measures of the amount of organic and inorganic particulate matter in water.

In Virginia, water reuse means direct beneficial reuse, indirect potable reuse, or a controlled use in accordance with the Water Reclamation and Reuse Regulation (9 VAC 25-740-10 et seq.; available at the Virginia Admin-istrative Code website at http://leg1.state.va.us/000/reg/TOC09025.htm, chapter 740).

The Virginia Water Reclamation and Reuse Regulations are designed to protect both water quality and public health while encouraging the use of reclaimed water. The primary determinants of how reclaimed water of varying quality can be used are based on treatment pro-cesses to which the water has been subjected and on quantitative chemical, physical, and biological stan-dards. Further detail on the water reclamation process and reclaimed water quality standards can be found at http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/452/452-014/452-014.html.

Reclaimed Water Quality Considerations for IrrigationWater quality must be considered when using reclaimed water for irrigation. The following properties are criti-cal to plant and soil health and environmental quality.

Salinity LevelsSalinity, or salt concentration, is probably the most important consideration in determining whether water is suitable for reuse (EPA 2004). Water salinity is the sum of all elemental ions (e.g., sodium, calcium, chlo-ride, boron, sulfate, nitrate) and is usually measured by determining the electrical conductivity (EC; units =




deciSiemens per meter [dS/m]) or total dissolved solids (TDS; units = mg/l) concentration of the water. Water with a TDS concentration of 640 mg/l will typically have an EC of approximately 1 dS/m.

Most reclaimed water from urban areas is slightly saline (TDS ≤ 1,280 mg/l or EC ≤ 2 dS/m). High salt concen-trations reduce water uptake in plants by lowering the osmotic potential of the soil. For example, residential use of water adds approximately 200 to 400 mg/l dissolved salts (Lazarova, Bouwer, and Bahri 2004a). Plants dif-fer in their sensitivity to salt levels, so the salinity of the particular reclaimed water source should be measured so that appropriate crops and/or application rates can be selected. Most turfgrasses can tolerate water with 200 to 800 mg/l soluble salts, but salt levels above 2,000 mg/l may be toxic (Harivandi 2004). For further information on managing turfgrasses when irrigating with saline water, see Carrow and Duncan (1998).

Many other crop and landscape plants are more sen-sitive to high soluble-salt levels than turfgrasses and should be managed accordingly. See Wu and Dodge (2005) for a list of landscape plants with their relative salt tolerance and Maas (1987) for information on salt-tolerant crops.

Concentration of Sodium, Chloride, and Boron Specific dissolved ions may also affect irrigation water quality. For example, irrigation water with a high con-centration of sodium (Na) ions may cause dispersion of soil aggregates and sealing of soil pores. This is a particular problem in golf course irrigation (Sheikh 2004), because soil compaction is already a concern due to persistent foot and vehicular traffic. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), which measures the ratio of sodium to other ions, is used to evaluate the potential effect of irrigation water on soil structure. For more information on how to assess and interpret SAR levels, see Harivandi (1999).

High levels of sodium can also be directly toxic to plants, both through root uptake and accumulation of plant leaves following sprinkler irrigation. The specific concentration of sodium that is considered to be toxic will vary by plant species and type of irrigation system. Turfgrasses are generally more tolerant of sodium than most ornamental plant species.

Although boron (B) and chlorine (Cl) are neces-sary at low levels for plant growth, dissolved boron and chloride ions can cause toxicity problems at high

concentrations. Specific toxic concentrations will vary depending on plant species and type of irrigation method used. Levels of boron as low as 1 to 2 mg/l in irrigation water can cause leaf burn on ornamental plants, but turfgrasses can often tolerate levels as high as 10 mg/l (Harivandi 1999). Very salt-sensitive land-scape plants such as crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia sp.), azalea (Rhododendron sp.), and Chinese privet (Ligus-trum sinense) may be damaged by overhead irrigation with reclaimed water containing chloride levels more than 100 mg/l, but most turfgrasses are relatively toler-ant to chloride if they are mowed frequently (Harivandi 1999; Crook 2005).

Nutrient LevelsReclaimed water typically contains more nitrogen and phosphorus than drinking water. The amount of nitro-gen and phosphorus provided by the reclaimed water can be calculated as the product of the estimated irriga-tion volume and the nitrogen and phosphorus concen-tration in the water. To prevent nitrogen and phosphorus leaching into groundwater, the Virginia Water Recla-mation and Reuse Regulation requires that a nutrient management plan be written for bulk use of reclaimed water not treated to achieve biological nutrient removal (BNR), which the regulation defines as treatment which achieves an annual average of 8.0 mg/l total nitrogen and 1.0 mg/l total phosphorus. Water that has been sub-jected to BNR treatment processes contains such low concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus that the reclaimed water can be applied at rates sufficient to supply a crop’s water needs without risk of surface or groundwater contamination.

Other Plant Growth and Water Quality Concerns • High suspended solids (TSS) concentrations may clog

irrigation systems and can fill pore spaces near the soil surface, resulting in reduced drainage. Accept-able TSS levels will vary depending on the type of suspended solids and type of irrigation system. Gen-erally, TSS levels less than 50 to100 mg/l are safe for drip irrigation.

• Free chlorine (Cl2) is necessary for disinfection, but can damage plants at high concentrations (> 5 mg/l). Storage for a short time reduces the residual free-chlorine concentration in water.

• High or low pH is an indicator of the presence of phytotoxic ions, and pH should be approximately 6.5 to 7.0, if possible.




• High bicarbonate (> 120 ml) and carbonate (15 mg/l) levels can clog sprinklers and cause white lime deposits on plant leaves; it may increase soil pH and decrease permeability.

• Heavy metals can be a concern in wastewater that has high industrial input, but such metals (for example, cadmium, copper, molybdenum, nickel, and zinc) are typically strongly bound to the solid fraction, or bio-solids portion, of the wastewater and are rarely found in high enough concentrations to pose a reclaimed water quality problem.

(Harivandi 1999; Landschoot 2007; Lazarova et al. 2004a)

Application RatesIrrigation rates for reclaimed water are site- and crop-specific and will depend on the following factors (EPA 2004; Lazarova, Papadopoulous, and Bahari 2004b).

1. Seasonal irrigation demands must be determined. These can be predicted with:

• An evapotranspiration estimate for the particular crop being grown.

• Determination of the period of plant growth.

• Average annual precipitation data.

• Data for soil permeability and water-holding capacity.

Methods for calculating such irrigation requirements can be found in the U.S. Department of Agricul-ture’s (USDA) National Engineering Handbook at http://www.info.usda.gov/CED/ftp/CED/neh-15.htm (USDA 2003) and in Reed, Crites, and Middlebrooks (1995). Turfgrass irrigation rates in Virginia can also be calculated using the website http://www.turf.cses.vt.edu/Ervin/et_display.html. These calculations are more complicated for landscape plantings than for agricultural crops or turf because landscape plant-ings consist of many different species with different requirements.

2. The properties of the specific reclaimed water to be used, as detailed in the section above, must be taken into account because these may limit the total amount of water that can be applied per season.

3. The availability of the reclaimed water should also be quantified, including:

• The total amount available.

• The time of year, when available.

• Availability of water storage facilities for the non-growing season.

• Delivery rate and type.

Literature CitedCarrow, R. N., and R. R. Duncan. 1998. Salt-Affected

Turfgrass Sites: Assessment and Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Crook, J. 2005. St. Petersburg, Florida, dual water sys-tem: A case study. In Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling. Proceedings of an Iranian-Ameri-can Workshop. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2004. Guide-lines for Water Reuse. EPA 645-R-04-108. Wash-ington, D.C.: EPA. www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/pubs/625r04108/625r04108.pdf.

Harivandi, M. A. 1999. Interpreting Turfgrass Irriga-tion Water Test Results. Publication 8009. Oakland: University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8009.pdf.

Harivandi, M. A. 2004. Evaluating Recycled Waters for Golf Course Irrigation. U.S. Golf Association Green Section Record 42(6): 25-29. http://turf.lib.msu.edu/2000s/2004/041125.pdf.

Landschoot, P. 2007. Irrigation Water Quality Guide-lines for Turfgrass Sites. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cooperative Extension. State College: Penn State University. http://turfgrass-management.psu.edu/irrigation_water_quality_for_turfgrass_sites.cfm.

Lazarova, V., H. Bouwer, and A. Bahri. 2004a. Water quality considerations. In Water Reuse for Irriga-tion: Agriculture, Landscapes, and Turf Grass, ed. V. Lazarova and A. Bahri, 31-60. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.

Lazarova, V., I. Papadopoulous, and A. Bahri. 2004b. Code of successful agronomic practices. In Water Reuse for Irrigation: Agriculture, Landscapes, and Turf Grass, ed. V. Lazarova and A. Bahri, 104-150. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.




Maas, E. V. 1987. Salt tolerance of plants. In Vol. 2 of CRC Handbook of Plant Science in Agriculture, ed. B. R. Christie, 57-75. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.

Reed, S. C., R. W. Crites, and E. J. Middlebrooks. 1995. Natural Systems for Waste Management and Treat-ment. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Sheikh, B. 2004. Code of practices for landscape and golf course irrigation. In Water Reuse for Irriga-tion: Agriculture, Landscapes, and Turf Grass, ed. V. Lazarova and A. Bahri, 152-161. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2003. Irriga-tion water requirements. In National Engineering Handbook, 2-i-2-284. Part 623, Section 15, Chap-ter 2. Washington, D.C.: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. www.info.usda.gov/CED/ftp/CED/neh-15.htm.

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. 1993. Nutrient Management Handbook. 2nd ed. Richmond: VDCR.

Wu, L., and L. Dodge. 2005. Landscape Plant Salt Tolerance Guide for Recycled Water Irrigation. Slosson Research Endowment for Ornamental Hor-ticulture, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis. http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/5505/20091.pdf.

34

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Maybe you should care. The Eastern Shore of Virginia is uniqueplace – a narrow peninsula between the Atlantic Ocean and theChesapeake Bay. Thanks to the Gulf Stream, we’reblessed with temperate growing conditions,refreshing shore breezes and plenty of sunshineyear round. Which gives us the perfect environmentfor growing happy, healthy plants. Plus we’re inthe ideal location to get our plants to you ASAP.

Call Eastern Shore Nursery of Virginiatoday to order plants that have the best start inlife money can buy.

Keller, Virginia • 1-800-323-3008 • www.esnursery.com

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ESN-117 Map Ad/4.5x7.25 8/30/04 10:27 AM Page 1


American Horticultural Society Envi-ronmental Award. Front and Center also won a Silver Award For Excel-lence.

“Sunsational Tropics” was awarded a Silver Award for Excellence for Dreamscape Designers.” Xteriors of Virginia Beach won a Silver Award For Excellence for “Walk on the Wild Side.” Seagreen Lawns, Inc, brought home the Bronze Award For Excellence for “Something Old-Something New.”

The Virginia Flower & Garden Expo is produced by the Virginia Horticul-tural Foundation. This year’s present-ing sponsor was Belgard Hardscapes. The Foundation would like to thank Lancaster Farms, Bennett’s Creek Nursery, and Whites Nursery & Gar-den Center for their generous support and beautiful plants.

The Virginia Flower & Garden Expo is the first garden show on the East coast and has been referred to as “Lit-tle Philly” after the Philadelphia Flower Show. Local nurseries, land-scape companies, designers, Exten-sion offices, artists and educational groups along with local and national vendors provide a beautiful, inspiring and educational three day horticultur-al event at the end of January in Vir-ginia Beach. The Expo, which is for the general public, usually precedes the Mid Atlantic Horticultural Short Course in Newport News; a green industry professional conference also produced by the Foundation.

The strong support for both events from VNLA members

is greatly appreciated and helps the Foundation be

more successful in its horti-cultural education, grant and scholarship efforts.

News - GIE+EXPO’s New Format a

Resounding Success Total participation at the 2012 GIE+EXPO in Louisville was up 6% over 2011, Green Industry Confer-ence participation was up 12% and the co-located Hardscape North America (HNA) drew a whopping 43% more registrants than the previ-ous year. And, with 750 exhibits in-doors and out, the show was consid-ered a hit by exhibitors and attendees alike. Click here to read some of the comments.

Highlights of 2012 On the first day of the show - Wednesday, Oct. 24 - lawn & land-scape pros attended classes offered by the Professional Grounds Manage-ment Society (PGMS) and Profes-sional Landcare Network (PLANET) while dealers previewed products at the Ky. Exposition Center. On Thurs-day and Friday the show floor and 19-acre Outdoor Demo Area were open to everyone in the industry. The last day of the show was dubbed “Fabulous Friday” during which Roger Henry, a landscaper from Ru-ma, IL, won $2000 at a 2:00 p.m. drawing, and Mike Walker, an at-tendee at PLANET’s Green Industry Conference, won $3,000 at 3:00 p.m.

Landscapers had the opportunity to upgrade their registration to attend live demonstrations and classes of-fered by HNA and will have the same opportunity this year.

The New Products Showcase, which sold out early, featured 91 new prod-ucts from 58 exhibiting companies. This is where many attendees start their GIE+EXPO visit. The chance to see products introduced since the previous year’s show is a great orien-tation before tackling the show floor.

Chart-topping acts headlined free evening concerts at Louisville’s 4th Street Live! The iconic band Kansas

got the crowd on their feet Wednes-day night, followed by the Eli Young Band and the Trishas on Thursday night and Olivia Henken and Candy Coburn on Friday.

Nissan Commercial Vehicles stepped up as the entertainment sponsor in 2012 and again in 2013, when Three Dog Night will perform free on Wednesday evening, Oct. 23 and Craig Morgan on Thursday night, Oct. 24 on the Nissan Commercial stage.

Register Now for 2013 - October 24-25

It's time to mark your calendar and register for the 2013 GIE+EXPO. On Wednesday, October 23, PLANET, PGMS and the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI) will be hosting educational sessions in hotels in downtown Louisville through the Green Industry Conference, School of Grounds Management and Hardscape North America while dealer and technician sessions will be at the Ky. Exposition Center. Info about educa-tion for lawn & landscape and hard-scape pros will soon be available on the associations’ websites.

The tradeshow’s indoor exhibits at the Ky. Exposition Center will be open on October 24-25, Thursday and Friday, 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. The Outdoor Demonstration Area will be open 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. on Thursday; 9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. on Friday.

GIE+EXPO - the 9th largest tradeshow in America - is sponsored by the Out-door Power Equipment Institute, the Professional Landcare Network and Professional Grounds Management Society. HNA is sponsored by the In-terlocking Concrete Pavement Institute and endorsed by the Brick Industry Association and National Concrete Ma-sonry Association.

For information about GIE+EXPO 2013 and to register go to www.gie-expo.com , [email protected] , Facebook or call

Sellers Expositions, (800) 558-8767 or (812) 949-9200.



News - New SITES Certified Projects

WASHINGTON, D.C. — The Sus-tainable Sites InitiativeTM (SITESTM) has announced four new projects that have achieved certification under the nation's most comprehensive rating system for the sustainable design, construction and maintenance of built landscapes. These projects, as part of a group of 150 projects participating in an extensive, two-year pilot pro-gram, have applied the SITES guide-lines and met the requirements for certification.

The newly certified projects include Theater Commons and Donnelly Gardens in Seattle; the Taylor Resi-dence in Kennett Square, Pa.; the BWP EcoCampus in Burbank, Calif., and the Grand Valley State Universi-ty Student Recreation Fields in Al-lendale, Mich.

SITES is a partnership of the Ameri-

can Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center of The University of Texas at Austin and the United States Botanic Garden. SITES was created in 2005 to fill a critical need for guidelines and recognition of sus-tainable landscapes based on their planning, design, construction, and maintenance. The voluntary, national rating system and set of performance benchmarks applies to sites with or without buildings.

"These projects include a park, a pri-vate home, an industrial plant and university playing fields," said Susan Rieff, executive director of the Wild-flower Center. "They demonstrate how SITES guidelines can be used in different settings to produce land-scapes that make a positive contribu-tion to the environment."

Since June 2010, pilot projects have been testing the 2009 rating system created by dozens of the country's leading sustainability experts, scien-

tists and design professionals. The diverse projects represent various types, sizes and locations as well as budgets. Fifteen pilot projects have achieved certification to date.

The SITES 2009 rating system in-cludes 15 prerequisites and 51 addi-tional, flexible credits to choose from that add up to 250 points. The credits address areas such as soil restoration, use of recycled materials and land maintenance approaches. Certification levels include one through four stars which are awarded to projects that achieve 40, 50, 60 or 80 percent of the 250 points.

"The pilot program has informed and helped us refine the next iteration of the SITES rating system which will be published in the fall of this year. Many additional projects are continuing to work toward certification while we proceed with our preparations for open enrollment this year." said ASLA Ex-ecutive Vice President and CEO Nancy Somerville.

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The mulch system The ‘grow-your-own’ mulch system involves seeding a cover crop into container-grown nursery plants. The cover crop is grown to a height of 3 inches, and then selectively killed. This mulch layer prevents germina-tion of weed seed while conserving moisture in the pot. The studies we have established tested the suitability of 6 cover crops in 1 gallon contain-ers of Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Pink Shria’, Coreopsis grandiflora ‘Early Sunrise’, and Coreopsis verticillata ‘Zagreb’. Cover crops included win-ter wheat, Austrian winter pea, annual ryegrass, cereal rye, sudex, and triti-cale. Cover crops were seeded at 200, 400, 800, 1,600, 3,200, and 6,400 pounds per acre. After the grass cov-er crops reached 3 inches tall, they were selectively controlled using sethoxydim (Segment, 1.5 pt/acre). Segment can be used to selectively control grasses in broadleaf crops as well as in non-grass monocots. Lon-trel (2/3 pt/A) was applied to selec-tively kill the winter pea. Certain broadleaf crops tolerate Lontrel, but this herbicide could not be used in members of the aster family, such as

coreopsis. The ‘grow-your-own’ mulch system provided good weed control in greenhouse conditions for up to 5 months, and up to 3 months under outside conditions during the peak growing season.

Weed control Under outdoor conditions during the summer months of 2011 and 2012, winter wheat mulch at seeding rates greater the 400 lb/A consistently pro-vided excellent control of spotted spurge, eclipta, southern crabgrass and common groundsel for 12 weeks after killing the cover crop. Annual ryegrass provided fair to good control of crabgrass and groundsel for 12 weeks after treatment at all seeding rates greater than 400 lb/A. As seed-ing rate increased, cover crop bio-mass also increased, which generally resulted in better weed control. Aus-trian winter pea, cereal rye, and triti-cale mulch displayed acceptable weed

control for 4 weeks after killing the cover crop. However, by 6 weeks after treatment, rapid deterioration of these cover crop at all seeding rates resulted in unacceptable weed growth.

This experiment was also conducted under greenhouse conditions during late fall of 2011 through early spring of 2012. Good weed control was not-ed for all cover crops for up to 5 months after selectively killing mulch. Again, winter wheat and an-nual ryegrass treatments consistently had the least amount of weeds per pot than any other cover crop. Less cover crop deterioration occurred in the greenhouse than in outside trials per-haps due to more frequent irrigation in outside studies. This contributed to extended mulch life and weed control under greenhouse conditions.

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independent garden retailer in the coun-try and a second workshop was held for a mixed group of growers and retailers. These proved to be that successful that John has already been invited back to develop more workshops for the indus-try in Japan

The trip was organized by Hidemi Tak-amatsu and his team who are the main supplier of new plants and products to Japan. The week coincided with the Takamatsu School which is he every twelve months.

Both guests gave a presentation to the 140 leading retail and grower delegates from the industry at the school on how to grow sales at an independent garden centre level.

Japan is about five years behind the USA and Australia in the development of “box” store garden retailing and the main issues were what the independ-ents can learn from overseas to ensure they protect the home market.

The key take home points are the same in Japan as in other countries

Source unique plants that can differentiate the independent from the box store

Merchandise and display the plants in different way so that consumers can differentiate be-tween the two offers

Retailers, suppliers and growers need to work as partners to grow the industry

People with passion will grow the industry.

The average sale per customer in a Japanese’s garden centre is Y3,500 and this figure has stayed the same for a number of years.

Although the industry is world leader in adding value to plant material. The price structure and retail practices in many business-es need addressing to grow sales. Many retailers are not using price points effectively and are offering the customer a basket rather than a trolley.

The way plants are put together in con-tainers is inspiring and this is a lesson garden retailers can learn from around the world to increase sales. Easy to grow plants put together with flair to provide the ideas and solutions for the consumer.

John will be organizing a tour to the best Japanese retailers in 2014 to coin-cide with the conference. This will be limited to 14 delegates and visit the best of the best.

If you are interested in joining this select group then contact John at [email protected]

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46

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Environmental Affairs - Tom Thompson reported that he had just found out that the LEED classes that the VNLA had been scheduling were not necessary since this information is included in www.sustainablesites.org. Green industry projects have sep-arate credentials.

o He will be attending an Invasive Species Adviso-ry Committee meeting on March 6th in Char-lottesville. This will be the first meeting for this committee since last Au-gust. He does not have the agenda at this time but he will send out a re-port on the meeting within a week afterwards.

Grower Guide - Virginia Rock-well reported on a meeting she had just attended for the “Buy Fresh Buy Local” program for Albemarle County. They are promoting 80% native plants in all new landscape plantings. In an informal poll at the meeting, ap-proximately 60% of the attendees are aware and/or use the VNLA Guide to Virginia Growers and they would like to see a “native” designation in the Guide and where to find native plants.

Certification - (written report attached)

Public Relations - (written report attached)

Old Business None

New Business VAC Golf Tournament - It was

the consensus that the VNLA would not participate in this event this year.

MAC-ISA meeting in Fredericks-burg, October 14-15 - possible VNLA booth exhibit per invitation by Joel Koci. To be determined by the Executive Committee.

PLANET Safety Posters - As part of the VNLA’s association membership in PLANET, there are safety posters available to VNLA members free with $5.00 shipping and handling fee per set (4 posters - 2 English, 2 Spanish) This info will be provided to members in the Newsletter and E-News.

Woodrow Wilson Foundation Request - Matt Shreckhise pre-sented a proposal of a supplies wish list that the WWRC needed to finish completing the setup of their greenhouse for their new training program. There was a discussion of having members donate materials or have regional groups contribute and the VNLA provide matching funds. No ac-tion was taken.

Strategic Plan Presentation - after reviewing the discussion, Sonya Westervelt agreed to re-view committee descriptions in view of the suggested committee re-alignment.

o Committee members should not be board members and should serve as a pool for new board members. Board members need to solicit volunteers to work on committees and should consider the value of their expertise and pro-fessionalism.

Previous committee volunteers will be compiled and sent to the board as an initial volunteer pool.

o Bill Gouldin volunteered to work on the Legisla-tive Committee

o Craig Attkisson volun-teered for the Publica-tions Committee

o Mike Hildebrand volun-teered for the Member-ship Committee.

o The goal of each commit-

tee is to have a minimum of 3 members and a max-imum of 5 members, in-cluding the chair.

Summer Board Meeting in Blacksburg, June 8, 2013 It was suggested that the board

meet from 9 a.m. to 1 pm, and in-vite committee members to join the board for lunch and then the committees would meet from 2 p.m. to 3:30 p.m.

4:50 p.m. Adjourn - Being no other business the meeting was adjourned.

Respectively submitted, Jeff Miller,Exec. Dir.

Executive Director’s Report for 2/27/13

Meetings Attended Mid-Atlantic Horticulture

Short Course February 3-6 General Assembly gift basket

distribution, February 7 Virginia Green Industry

Council, February 7 Shenandoah Valley Green-

house & Nursery Association Short Course February 20

Piedmont Landscape Associ-ation Short Course, February 21

Virginia Society of Land-scape Designers Annual Meeting and Program, Febru-ary 23

– distributed Newslet-ters, Grower’s Guides, Certification info, 50% off mem-berships

– Many questions on certification and membership

Certification Test Registrations, test revisions, CEU reporting dur-ing January and February. We need to develop a more uniform policy/plan to work with the re-



gional groups on somewhat stand-ardizing the class schedule, teach-er qualifications, etc. 2012 Financial Report - the net income looks high compared to the budget but the following budgeted line items were not used:

$5,000 Certification Manual and Review Online

$15,000 for Strategic Plan Initiatives

$2,500 for Legislative Con-ference which wasn’t held and was considered for real-location to have VNLA members attend “fly-in” with the ANLA, but was not followed through on this.

The $15,000 that was transferred to the Rainy Day Fund does not show up as an expense on the P&L, as it was just a transfer from the checking account to the SunTrust Rainy Day Investment Account.

The Shoosmith Scholarship Awards

shows $4,500, but we actually award-ed $6,000. $1,500 was returned be-cause the student did not attend the school and it was reallocated. This will be updated for the 2012 year end.

Website

The Re-Certification Applica-tion is now available online for submission and payment.

Website upgrades in the works:

Continuing on upgrades this spring of items listed in the last report.

Consumer access to looking up members with Virginia Certified Horticulturist on staff. (currently is on the consumer website www.VirginiaGardening.com which has had some hosting software changes and this look up is not fully operational now. It also requires manual updates each time there is a change in member/VCH status changes.

Virginia Agribusiness Council - invited to participate, again this year, at their National Policy Meeting on March 20 on a panel to share our in-dustry’s top three national priority issues. They will also have Tamar Jacoby, President and CEO of Immi-gration Works USA who will discuss immigration reform and its potential impacts on our agribusiness indus-tries. Membership - develop a color membership brochure with benefits and association info and then use the application as an insert as it changes in 2013. Develop clarifications for dues categories for Associate mem-bers, botanical gardens, and related for-profit enterprises.

By Jeff Miller, Exec. Dir. VNLA for 2/27/13

Ad - Shreckhise Nurseries

Since 1936

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Shrubs, Broad Leaf Evergreens, Shade & Flowering Trees, B&B

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www. .com


52

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Regulatory - Tom Thompson, VNLA Board Environmental chair, handles many of these; I'm his backup - May, June, Aug 2012 Virginia DCR (Department of Conservation & Recreation) - Invasive Species Advisory and Working Groups including Sec-retaries of Agriculture, Natural Resources VDACS (Virginia Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services) - noxious weeds pro-posed regulations (distinctly different from above, believe it or not)

Other State, Local, Watershed, Regional (Chesapeake Bay)

May 2012 - VAC National Poli-cy Meeting - - 3 VNLA board & staff - with representatives from all Ag, Forestry associations

May 2012 - Orange County Tourism Council briefing re: VNLA Field Day at Battlefield Farms

May 2012 - represented VNLA at Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan public comment meeting, Ruther Glen

June 2012 - Rappahannock River Basin Commission quar-terly meeting, Ingleside Planta-tion Nursery & Vineyard - DCR, Chesapeake Bay Com-mission, DEQ, elected officials, soil & water district staff/directors make up this Commission. Topic: River Friendly Yards.

Oct 2012 - Culpeper Soil & Water Conservation District Bay Friendly awards presented by elected Virginia officials

November 2012 - VAC State Policy Input meeting - 1VGIC, 2 VNLA board & staff

Dec 2012 - Piedmont Environ-mental Council (PEC) invasive plants management symposium - DCR, Smithsonian biologists and key landowners/stewards

Feb 2013 - Alliance for Chesa-peake Bay Summit on Bay-Friendly Landscape Practices: non-point source runoff clean-up on non-ag private lands (aka urban/suburban turf & land-scape BMP's) 150+ federal, re-gional, state, local governments (including DCR, Cities, soil & water conservation districts), waterkeeper non-governmental organizations (NGO’s), educa-tors/research institutions (VT, William & Mary, VCE/HREC), and private sector landscape industry representatives, in-cluding VNLA

Feb 2013 - Lewis Ginter Botan-ical Garden - CVNLA Winter Symposium - V Rockwell talk regarding stream friendly de-sign opportunities to clean up

Ad - Willow Springs Tree Farms Ad - Winfall Nurseries

72

News - Shorts Garden supply dealers post record June gains

The latest report from the National Re-tail Federation shows building material and garden supply dealers posted steady growth last month, up 8.4% un-adjusted from the previous June. How-ever, seasonally adjusted comparisons from the previous month show a 1% decline. This is in line with the overall retail sales for June, which show strong year-over-year increases but flat month-to-month gains. Sales rose 6.7% over last year, but increased only 0.2% seasonally adjusted over May. “After months of speculation, consumers are beginning to pull back,” said NRF chief economist Roasalind Wells. “Retailers can expect the second half of the year to show moderate gains due to the slowdown in the housing market and other economic factors.”

Targetnow second most-shopped retailer

Target is now second only to Wal-mart, according to Retail Forward’s recent ShopperScape report. One-quarter of all U.S. primary household shoppers visit a Target, Target Greatland or Su-perTarget store monthly. The report also found the retailer racks up repeat visitors. Two-thirds of Target’s past 6-month customer base returns to its stores on a regular basis. Children’s apparel, decorative home fashions, small housewares and appliances and toys generate the most interest among shoppers. Target and Wal-Mart typi-cally share customers, the report shows.

Weekly Dirt, Carol Miller, [email protected]

New England summerretail sales slide

After a strong April, garden center sales across new England hit a decline due to a stretch of rainy weekend, said Bob Heffernan, Conn. Nursery & land-scape Association Executive Secretary.

Soggy gardening conditions were

problematic enough for the Boston Globe to run an article on the situation in June. Sale were particularly bad north of

Connecticut, he said. Many garden cen-ters still have their yards filled with spring inventories. Area landscapers report more stable, steady business.

New tax deductioncould apply to growers

A new tax deduction could apply to nursery crops, ANLA has announced. The deduction, part of the American Jobs Creation Act, applies to gross re-ceipts of any sale, exchange or other disposition of qualifying production property grown or extracted in the US. The deduction was phased in at 3% and will increase to 9% by 2009. One re-striction is that the deduction cannot exceed 50% of wages paid by the tax-payer that year. The deduction is also available to individuals via their ad-justed gross income. ANLA helped secure the new tax deduction for nurs-ery growers in cooperation with the Small business Legislative Council in 2004.

Science takes a shot at dormant weed seeds

Weed control can be tricky, especially considering weed seeds can lie dormant for years waiting for favorable condi-tions. USDA scientists are looking at developing fungi and bacteria that will target these banks of thousands of mil-lion of dormant seeds. The concept is to bolster the activity of beneficial mi-crobes that already exist in the soil. This concept could be considered “pre-pre-emergence control,” as traditional pre-emergence herbicides kill weed seeds just at the stage of germination when tiny seedlings are emerging from seeds.

Weekly Nursery E-Mail, Todd Davis, [email protected]

Ad – Winfall Nurseries



non-point source runoff on non-ag private lands (aka ur-ban/suburban turf & landscape design systems & practices in-cluding nutrient management planning) Feb 2013 - Albemarle County Native Plant Marketing 'Sum-mit' - 'Buy Native, Buy Local' native plants marketing initia-tive convened by local growers, government, PEC (Buy Fresh, Buy Local Piedmont).

ONGOING - through Exec Direc-tor and Board Virginia Tech Virginia Cooperative Extension VDACS - plant pathologists, other Outreach Opportunities Not Yet Tapped (Ideas?) VDACS Regulato-ry - licensing of Growers, Nursery Stock Dealers, Fertilizer Applicators and Pesticide Applicators/ Techni-cians each proceeds quite separately within same agency on different time tracks/renewal calendars; no ‘one-stop shopping’ by those regulated.

DCR/SOIL & WATER Nutrient Management Planning - Virginia Turfgrass Council gave a 'commer-cial' talk just before lunch one day in certification class - not a bad idea for VNLA to do.

E-Virginia Purchasing (EVA)/SWAM (Small, woman and minority owned business)- An inno-vative part of VA state government that would be good for our members to know more about - there's even an app for that!

2012-13 General Assembly Issues/Legislation in

Virginia

What happened? More importantly,

what DID NOT happen? Based on Summaries from Virginia Agribusiness Council Capitol Report,

StateScape and Virginia.gov ‘Lobbyist-in-a-Box” bill tracking services, plus some ‘Editorial Comment’ from your Board member for Legislative.

Bills That Did Not Move Forward By End of 2013 Session:

HB396: Invasive Plants Regulations, Patron Del. Hope. No action in 2013 after being continued from 2012; dead.

HB1441: Certification of Nutrient Management Plan Writers -proposal to allow professions such as architects, engineers, land surveyors, landscape architects and interior designers to be certified to write nutrient management plans without examination or practical experience; dead.

HB 2296 Virginia Urban Best Man-agement Practices Cost-Share Pro-gram Fund; Patron Del. Bulova. Bill to require DCR to administer an urban (that is, non-agricultural lands or turf & landscape) best management practices cost-share program. The pro-posal was to provide matching funds of up to 50 percent to promote best man-agement practices on private property in localities subject to MS4 Phase I or Phase II stormwater permits. To fund, proposed creating Virginia Urban Best Management Practices Cost-Share Fund as a subfund of the Virginia Wa-ter Quality Improvement Fund. Died in Appropriations for lack of funding, at the $440,000 proposed ‘seed money’ rate. Ag, Chesapeake and Natural Resources committee passed, howev-er, so we could see this re-introduced in future years.

BILLS PASSED (among thou-sands, literally, more):

HB2313 - Transportation Funding plan eliminates gasoline tax, but adds a tax back at wholesale level, in-creases statewide retail sales & use tax for all items from 5% to 5.3%, and phases in a rise in motor vehicle sales tax over several years.

HB2190 - Stringency of stormwater management ordinances. Requires localities to report to the Department of Conservation and Recreation when a

more stringent stormwater management ordinance or stormwater requirements are developed by localities. Before adoption of such an ordinance, the De-partment is required to review the ordi-nance or requirement and all supporting material and determine where the re-quirements will prevent the degradation of water resources and address TMDL requirements. Localities are prohibited from limiting the use of best manage-ment practices approved by the Direc-tor of the Department of Conservation and Recreation or the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board, except un-der limited conditions. Anyone who has built a biofiltration practice or rain garden in Northern Virginia may have experienced the ‘requirement’ to use a different soil mix/recipe for each locali-ty. Unfortunately these different re-quirements were ‘grandfathered’ in. Keep an eye on localities on this one; be sure to object if you are designing and building to the standards in the state DCR BMP Clearinghouse and localities reject the plans or work.

HB1547 - Provides that the minimum tree canopy as require by localities during the development process shall be 10% for cemeteries. Important in that it ADDS cemeteries to the list of lands required to have tree canopies of 10% or greater. (Didn’t know we have Virginia law requiring tree can-opy cover? Me neither.)

HB 2209 & SB 1309 - Transfers au-thority for admin of the nutrient management certification program, and responsibility for regulations on nitrogen application rates, to the Vir-ginia Soil & Water Conservation Board from DCR at a future date.

HB 2048 & SB 1279 -Conference Committee resolved impasse by pro-posing to move some aspects of water quality programs to Virginia Depart-ment of Environmental Quality (DEQ) from DCR: stormwater permitting, erosion & sediment control, and total maximum daily load (TMDL) activi-ties. Agency oversight of Soil & Wa-ter Conservation Districts will con-tinue to be reviewed through a series of public hearings over the next year.



News - MANTS Means Business Again in

2013 Baltimore, MD - MANTS 2013, held January 9-11, kicked off the Green Industry Trade Show season and our 43d consecutive year with hoards of buyers, shoppers, information gather-ers and end users all coming together for one purpose … business.

Green Industry Companies and Pro-fessionals from 46 states, 5 Canadian Provinces and 8 additional countries exhibited at or attended MANTS. There were 10,946 paid registrants (including exhibitors) for the show. The Mid-Atlantic, South Atlantic, and New England regions were the most heavily represented in Balti-more.

984 exhibiting companies - 108 of which were new to MANTS - brought their best green goods, allied industry products, service displays,

and much more to help create THE Mid-Atlantic Market Place for the green industry. MANTS covers over 300,000 square feet and is one of the largest industry shows in the country.

MANTS is best known for having no distractions. “We have no classes, professional certification tests, speak-ers, demonstrations, or mimes or jug-glers” says MANTS Executive Vice President, Vanessa Finney. “MANTS means business and by offering the opportunity to engage only in com-merce, we believe that the show at-tracts the people that our exhibitors want and need to see.” “MANTS is about face-to-face contact, network-ing, meeting and greeting, and buy-ing; In fact I believe that MANTS has more education than most shows, but the difference is that all of our educa-tion takes place on the show floor between the exhibitors and attendees. It is not uncommon to see many of the most in demand speakers and pro-fessionals at MANTS using the show for their own education, research, and

networking opportunities” says Fin-ney.

2013 MANTS demographics show that regarding the job title of at-tendees, over 35% are Owners, over 25% are Managers and over 5% are Buyers. Regarding purchasing/buying power, MANTS attendees report that almost 49% are Final Decision Mak-ers and close to 31% say that they Make Purchasing Recommendations. These and other show demographics are available on mants.com.

MANTS, known as the Masterpiece of Trade Shows, is sponsored by the State Nursery and Landscape Associ-ations of Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia. MANTS 2014 is scheduled for Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, January 8, 9 and 10th at the Baltimore Convention Center.

For the latest information visit www.mants.com or call us at (410) 296-6959.

Ad - Carolina Bark Products Ad - Fair View Nursery

P.O. Box 395

Seaboard, NC 27876

Phone: (252) 589-1324

Fax: (252) 589-1642

• Suppliers of bulk aged pine bark fines.

• Custom mixes available containing lime,

sand and/or minors.

• Fast, dependable service

Memberships:

North Carolina Association of Nurserymen

Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association


58

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Featuring the best plants and related garden products from top growers and manufacturers from across the region

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The GICC, conveniently located ad-jacent to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport and minutes from downtown Atlanta, is Georgia's newest and second largest convention center featuring more than 400,000 SF of meeting space - all on one lev-el. The ATL SkyTrain, a free light rail train linking the GICC to the air-port and rental car center, coupled with excellent transportation connec-tions from across the U.S., and a wide array of affordable nearby hotels (in-cluding two new Marriott properties on the GICC campus) and restaurants offers participants added conven-ience.

Founded in 1899, the Southern Nursery Association is a non-profit trade association representing the hor-ticultural industry in the southeastern U.S. SNA provides member services to wholesale growers, brokers, retail-ers, landscape contractors, landscape architects, grounds maintenance con-tractors, interiorscapers and allied

suppliers. The SNA strives to unite and advance the horticulture industry through educational, research and marketing efforts.

More details of SNA 2013 will be re-leased in the weeks to come. For further information, contact the Southern Nurse-ry Association, Inc, Acworth, GA 30101, 678.809.9992, [email protected], or visit the

SNA Website at www.sna.org.

Tips - It Makes Sense to Sell the Senses

Although arriving a bit late this year, the summer season continues to bring the attention of most homeowners to the out-of-doors where all the senses seem to come alive.

Methodically-timed colorful blooms are popping up all around, reminding us of nature’s magical presence; folks in the neighborhood are barbecuing all week long as the aroma of sizzling steaks and burgers conjures up our own culinary cravings as taste buds

long to savor the flavors that coincide with the season; and the laughter and music of pool parties fill the weekend air while a backyard waterfall intoxi-cates the mind with its hypnotic rhythms. Billows of smoke from open air kitchens and crackling fire pits rise above the rooftops as if to signal the rite of human passage from indoor to outdoor living.

The backyard landscape has made remarkable transitions over the last decade especially, as homeowners are constantly reminded of a plethora of things now available that are pro-duced and marketed to excite the senses. As you present your services and creative concepts, landscape de-signers would do well to also be re-minded to “sell the senses”… and not to miss a single opportunity. When planning an outdoor kitchen, present the many options from a versatile, built-in, multi-functional grilling sta-tion with high BTU burners and a slow-cooking, aromatic, motorized

Ad - Johnston County Nursery Marketing


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and have a healthier bottom line. Plus, build the customer loyalty that is often missing in the retail market-place of today.

This is achievable, the fashion retailer Zara, which is the favourite fashion retailer of many consumers around the world, has achieved a Christmas thinking process in the fashion indus-try. They have taken a low stock turn retail industry and turned it around by providing the consumer with some-thing new on a regular basis and hence changed the stock turn in their business compared to traditional thinkers.

Is this achievable in other retail sectors?

I recently chaired a conference ses-sion in Paris, France where Pascale Brousse, Trend Sourcing mentioned the concept of creating Christmas every month.

Taking the concept of Zara by devel-oping a present for the customer eve-

ry month. Wine and book clubs have done this for many years, but it may be the time to relook at this as a retail opportunity.

My Little Box originated in the USA and has now spread to Europe. This is where the consumer is presented with a present every month via monthly subscription. Truffaut, the French Garden Centre chain is experimenting with a food gift box of local product. The challenge is what you can pro-vide as the monthly Christmas pre-sent.

Collectables Monthly presents can take many for-mats. The most common is to select a range of collectibles where the con-sumer can start their own collection. This locks the consumer in and is ideal for certain ranges of products.

Fashion lines are another Monthly opportunity where the con-sumer feels that they are staying in the latest fashion if they purchase

monthly. When looking at monthly pur-chases the price point is critically important. It needs to be af-fordable within the monthly budget for your target consumer.

In the garden industry over the last twelve months we have seen miniature gardens become a theme where the consumer can purchase a minia-ture piece of gar-den equipment each month to develop new miniature garden landscapes

The food industry has an even better opportunity as they can promote sea-son food baskets each month and very the range with the season.

Have Monthly Presentation Boxes

Part of the secret of success is adding value via presentation. The consumer needs a presentation box to make the purchase feel special. Customers should look forward to their presenta-tion box and part of the pleasure is receiving a present that has to be un-wrapped, just like at Christmas.

The present can be an out of store experience or consumers can be en-couraged to come into the store to collect. Either way the key is to en-sure that your brand is “Top of Mind” in the consumers mind.

John Stanley is a Conference Speaker and Consultant. In 2012 he was awarded

the WA Small Business exporter of the Year. He works in 35 countries and is one of the world sort after retail and

small business presenters. His new con-ference presentation looks at the new

consumer and how that affects your busi-ness.

Follow John on Facebook John-Stanley -Associates or contact him at [email protected]

Tips - Five Places Where Spending More Pays Off It’s generally a good idea to keep overhead costs low so that your busi-ness profits will be higher. This is especially true with items that are easily commoditized and fairly stand-ardized, such as utilities and rent. But there are times when increasing ex-penses pays off nicely, and here are five areas to consider so you can reap the rewards.

Training Whether it’s for you or your staff, good training can pay back for years to come. Learning new skills, no mat-ter what our crafts are, will keep our businesses from becoming stagnant.

Ad - John Stanley Associates



Implementing what we learn will help us grow.

You might get training to increase the mastery of your chosen profession. You might also want to consider gen-eral business skills, including tech-nology, marketing, finance, and lead-ership. Just about everyone can bene-fit from learning more about project management, communications, and negotiations, to name a few more.

You might also want to consider “human performance” skills such as public speaking. Whatever you choose, training is always a great in-vestment that pays back big divi-dends.

Tools Without the right tools, the same task can take double the time. It’s a great idea to provide your employees with the most powerful computers and software on the market. The cost of labor outweighs the costs of the com-puters, so it makes sense to load em-ployees up with the best tools you can. An employee with a slow com-puter, through no fault of their own, is not giving you their best, and that will cost money in lost productivity.

The same thing goes for owners. You can spend your time fighting with a machine or getting a ton of work done. I’m pretty sure the latter is more profitable.

Accounting The most successful companies we work with invest in accounting ser-vices in five areas: accounting tech-nology, accurate bookkeeping, thor-ough reporting, tax minimization, and professional consulting. When we see business owners cutting corners in any of these areas, it usually costs them more money in the long run to clean up the problems that result.

An up-to-date version of QuickBooks minimizes maintenance and trouble-shooting costs. Making sure the bookkeeping and reconciliations are done properly is essential for compli-

ance reporting and decision-making. A robust set of reports allows a busi-ness owner to make smart decisions about running their business, and minimizing taxes helps you keep more of what you make.

Since accountants see thousands of financial reports in their careers, they have developed an eye for opportuni-ties that a business owner may not see. Bringing an outside perspective into your business is a good invest-ment that can help you discover great opportunities in your business.

Marketing Whatever you do in your business, you are helping others. You are shar-ing a skill you have that your clients either don’t have or don’t choose to do for themselves. Being a best-kept secret doesn’t help you share your gifts and talents.

Marketing can help you get the word out to people who need your services but might not know about you. Identi-fying your best customers, products and services, having a marketing plan and developing great marketing mate-rial will help you communicate what you do as well as receive fair com-pensation for what you do. It almost always makes sense to invest in this area of your business.

Employee Perks and Benefits Keeping employees passionate about your vision and motivated to be pro-ductive is a continuing task. One way to do that is to provide employee benefits and perks that make it attrac-tive for employees to work for you. You might be surprised to know what some would appreciate.

There are many ways to invest in your employees. Good health insur-ance, personal time off, extra vaca-tion time, education reimbursement, flex time, and working from home are just a few of the many options you can choose from to enhance employ-ees’ working environments.

Measuring the Payoff Your accountant can help you meas-ure return on investments in many of these areas. If it involves QuickBooks we can help in a variety of ways - obtain a version of QuickBooks that suits your needs, Customize settings and features to fit your business bet-ter, train staff to use it correctly and effectively, streamline your Quick-Books workflow, set up custom re-ports and more - just ask!

Tips - Is 2013 The Year You Finally Go Mobile With Financial Data?

Using QuickBooks Mobile, you’ll improve business relations, put out fires before they start and unchain yourself from your office computer.

There are only a few reasons why you wouldn’t be using QuickBooks Mo-bile on your smartphone. Maybe you don’t have a smartphone. Or when you’re out of the office, you don’t want to do any QuickBooks. Or you might not think that it has enough features to make it worth using.

While the first two reasons are mat-ters of personal preference, the third just isn’t true. QuickBooks Mobile automatically - and almost instantly - synchronizes the data from your desktop or laptop computer copy of QuickBooks.

While it’s only focused on sales, not payables or payroll, you can manage receivables quite nicely whether you’re in a customer’s office or at a trade show or community event - or sitting on the couch at home.


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VNLA Newsletter 71November / December 2007VNLA Newsletter 65September / October 2007

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November/December 2007 VNLA Newsletter 70

Designing With Elegant Silvers, Striking Plants for

Every Garden; Saturday, January 19, 9:30 - 11:00 am

Silvers are the shimmering chameleons of the plant king-

dom. Their silvery appearance is caused by water-conserving hairs, scales, powder, waxy coatings or air

bubbles. The beauty and drought-tolerance of familiar

downy silvers such as lamb's ears and artemisias have long

made them favorites in the herb garden and perennial bor-der.

Karen Bussolini will discuss and show beautiful slides of the many inventive ways gardeners across the United

States have used these stalwart plants in containers, bor-

ders or the larger landscape. She will pay special attention to the use of silvers for our hot and humid summers, pro-

tective adaptations, and using color and texture to create

exciting combinations. She will also touch on historical

uses from medieval times to modern xeriscaping. $20 members / $30 non-members.

Copies of The Unsung Season and Elegant Silvers will be available for purchase at each lecture, and the author will

sign copies.

Down to Earth Gardening; Saturday, February 2, 8:30

am - 4:30 pm

A horticulture symposium on gardening smarter, problem solving and going green with the best new plants

Join Horticulture magazine and Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden for a day-long garden symposium featuring these

topics and speakers:

Gardening Smarter, Problem Solving and Going

Green: Nan Sinton

Down to Earth Gardening with keynote speaker, Ireland's

Helen Dillon -It's more than putting plants together and

making pictures in the garden. See how to rethink, re-

design and manage change in a smaller space

The Elements of Organic Gardening with David How-

ard, head gardener to HRH The Prince of Wales. Explore the process of creating an organic garden the Highgrove

way.

Conifers to Fit Your Space with Richard L. Bitner. See

how to choose conifers that fit smaller gardens, and add

year-round interest to problem sites.

Plants that Go Green with Bill Cullina

Registration fees: $129 regular rate / $119 for Horticulture subscribers and Lewis Ginter members. Registration avail-

able through Horticulture magazine only at

www.hortprograms.com or call toll-free 1-877-GDN-PROG (1-877-436-7764)

Tree Care Symposium February 15

Professionals in tree care, green industry professionals,

and advanced gardeners are invited to attend the Tree Care

Symposium, Friday, February 15, 2008, 8:30 am - 4:30 pm. To receive a detailed program, email regis-

[email protected]

A Workshop for Professionals on Designing with Stone

Gordon Hayward, garden designer and author; Friday,

March 7, 9 am - 1:30 pm (9 am - 12 pm workshop, 12-1:30 pm lunch & conversation with Gordon Hayward)

Walls and walkways, terraces and steps, benches, boulders and bedrock, water and stone, standing stones and sculp-

ture - stone is at once beautiful and useful in the landscape.

In this day-long workshop for professionals, you will learn

how to design with stone to create a lasting framework as well as a wide range of stone features, ornaments and de-

tails that will add a sense of age and permanence to your

client's garden. Gordon will also discuss the practical is-sues of setting walkways, terraces, and walls, how to set

boulders and standing stones, and how to site any number

of stone garden features to underpin the garden's itinerary. $75 Garden and VSLD, VNLA, and AS LA members/ $85

non-members. Presented in cooperation with the Univer-

sity of Richmond School of Continuing Studies Landscape

Design Certificate Program. Recent Alumni and current students of this program should contact the Program Spe-

cialist, Gary Ray, for a special offer.

Small Buildings, Small Gardens, Saturday, Mar. 8, 9:30 - 11:30 am

Join acclaimed garden designer and author Gordon Hayward for this discussion about structures in small gar-

dens. Hayward looks closely at how gardeners can use

small buildings and built structures such as gazeboes and

arbors, pergolas and bridges, fences and decks to help find just the right place for new gardens. Learn how these

structures ease the design process by helping you see how

to develop new gardens in relation to existing or new structures. Built structures in our gardens are magnets for

family, guests and visitors. Learn how structures help

viewers frame their relationship to the garden. Finally,

when you see how built structures in your garden provide anchors, centers and starting places for good garden de-

sign, you will gain confidence in designing your own gar-

dens. $25 members / $35 non-members.

Gordon Hayward's book Small Buildings, Small Gardens

will be available for purchase and signing.

For more information or to register contact Phyllis Laslett at

Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden; [email protected]


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Tick IdentificationTick Removal

Nymph Adult Male Adult Female

Nymph Adult Male Adult Female

Adult Male Adult Female

Larvae Nymph Adult Male Adult Female

Larvae Nymph Adult

Larvae Nymph Adult

Larvae Nymph Adult

Larvae Nymph Adult

Ixodes scapularis (deer tick, blacklegged tick)Found: Northeast, Upper Midwest Transmits: Lyme, babesiosis,anaplasmosis, Powassan encephalitis, tick paralysis, tularemia,Bartonella

Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick)Found: Eastern U.S. Transmits: human monocytic ehrlichiosis,STARI, tularemia, tick paralysis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Dermacentor variabilis (dog tick)Found: All U.S. Transmits: Rocky Mountain spotted fever,tularemia, human monocytic ehrlichiosis

Ixodes pacificus (blacklegged tick)Found: Far West Transmits: Lyme, babesiosis, anaplasmosis,Bartonella

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• Do not burn or use any substance on tick.• Do not grasp, squeeze or twist the body of tick.• Grasp tick close to skin with tweezers.• Pull tick straight out.• Use antiseptic on skin afterward.• Disinfect hands thoroughly.

Always see a physician for possible diagnosis,testing and treatment, especially if tick partsremain after removal.

Research, Education, Prevention, & Patient support

Lyme Disease Association, Inc.P.O. Box 1438

Jackson, NJ 08527(888) 366-6611 (732) 938-7215 fax

[email protected]

AzC-7004 LDA Tick Card 8/7/09 9:20 PM Page 1

Major Tick-Borne Diseases

Lyme Signs & SymptomsEM (bull’s eye) rash at bite site (less than 50%), other typesof rashes, rash at other than bite site, flu-like illness.Musculoskeletal: joint/muscle pain in feet, swelling in toes,balls of feet, ankle pain, burning in feet, shin splints, jointpain or swelling, stiffness of the joints, neck or back, musclepain or cramps that may migrate, neck creaks and cracks,neck stiffness, TMJ. Reproductive: testicular pain / pelvicpain, menstrual irregularity, milk production (lactation), sex-ual dysfunction or loss of libido. Cardiac/Pulmonary: chestpain or rib soreness, shortness of breath, heart palpitations,pulse skips, heart block, heart murmur or valve prolapse.Neurological: twitching of the face, eyelids or other muscles,headache, tingling, numbness, burning or stabbing sensa-tions, facial paralysis (Bell’s palsy), dizziness, poor balance,increased motion sickness, light-headedness, wooziness,difficulty walking, tremor, confusion, difficulty in thinking orwith concentration or reading, forgetfulness, poor short termmemory, disorientation (getting lost, going to wrong place),difficulty with speech, double or blurry vision, eye pain,blindness, increased floaters, increased sensitivity to light orsound, buzzing or ringing in ears, ear pain, deafness, seizureactivity, white matter lesions, low blood pressure. Neuro-psychiatric: mood swings, violent outbursts, irritability,depression, disturbed sleep (too much, too little, early awak-ening), personality changes, obsessive/compulsive disorder,paranoia, panic/anxiety attacks, hallucinations. Gastro-intestinal: nausea or vomiting, difficulty eating, change inbowel function (constipation, diarrhea), gastritis, abdominalcramping, irritable bladder or bladder dysfunction, cystitis.Other: fever, sweats, or chills, weight change (loss or gain),fatigue, tiredness, hair loss, swollen glands, sore throat, dif-ficulty swallowing, swelling around the eyes.Other Tick-Borne DiseasesOne tick bite can give you many different diseases at thesame time (co-infections). Treatments vary, examples pro-vided as information only.Babesiosis - Protozoan, babesia microti, WA-1, MO-1; some-times fatal in elderly or those without spleen. Symptomsinclude fever, chills, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, sweats& anemia.

Bartonella-illness - Bartonellahenselae or other spp., can betransmitted by cat bite/scratch ortick bite when atypical presenta-tions may result including visualproblems, headaches, enlargedlymph nodes, resistant neurologi-cal deficits, new onset of a seizuredisorder. Diagnosis by acute andconvalescent antibody titers (IFA)and by PCR (DNA) analysis. Ehrlichiosis - Human monocyticehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis (symptomsbelow).Anaplasmosis - caused by Anaplasma phagacytophilum.Symptoms of both ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis includefever, malaise, headaches, chills, severe muscle aches, vom-iting, anemia, lung infection, decreased white blood cellsand platelets, elevated liver enzymes, seizures, enceph-alopathy, meningitis, confusion, ataxia, and cranial nervepalsy. Death can result. STARI (southern tick-associated rash illness) - A Lyme-likedisease transmitted by lone star tick, may get rash, otherearly Lyme symptoms, no test available. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - Caused by the bacteriumRickettsia rickettsii. Symptoms include headaches, myalgia,and a characteristic rash usually beginning on wrists,ankles, palms, soles. Tularemia - Caused by a bacterium, Francisella tularensis,Symptoms include headache, chilliness, vomiting, achingpains, fever. Infection site develops into an ulcer, swollenglands, sweating, weight loss, debility.Powassan Encephalitis - Caused by a flavi virus, Powassan(POW). May possibly be transmitted by Ixodes scapularis.Symptoms usually begin suddenly 7-14 days followinginfection, and include headache, fever, nausea and vomiting,stiff neck, and sleepiness. Later, breathing distress, tremors,confusion, seizures, coma, paralysis, and sometimes deathcan occur.

Support for this project has been provided byRotary International

AzC-7004 LDA Tick Card 8/7/09 9:20 PM Page 2

66

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