Vitamin K: Tool to control the osteophrosis
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Vitamin K: Tool to control osteoporosis Muhammad Yasin, Masood Sadiq Butt and Faqir Muhammad Anjum National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad 05/14/22 1
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Transcript of Vitamin K: Tool to control the osteophrosis
- 1. Vitamin K: Tool to control osteoporosis Muhammad Yasin, Masood Sadiq Butt and Faqir Muhammad Anjum National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad 12/28/10
- 2. Road map
- Introduction
- Functions of vitamin K
- Osteoporosis and vitamin K
- Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation reaction
- Vitamin K supplementation and bone health
- Observations related to osteoporosis
- Conclusions
- 3. Vitamin K: Introduction
- Vitamin K, a fat-soluble vitamin is needed for the post-translational modification of certain proteins
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- blood coagulation
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- metabolism pathways in bone and other tissue
- Vitamin K exist naturally in multiple dietary forms
- 4. Types and sources Phylloquinone (K 1 ) Menaquinone (K 2 )
Menadione (K 3 )
- Leafy green vegetables (spinach, Brassica,
- Some fruits (avocado)
- Colonic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus
- Egg,
- Fermented soybean (Natto)
- Chicken meat
- Cheese
- Synthetic analogue
- Menadion Sodium Bisulfie
- Mendione Nictinamide Bisulfite
- 5. Functions of vitamin K
- Blood coagulation
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- Vitamin k is a factor for promoting blood coagulation by helping post-trancriptional modifications of blood factors
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- Vitamin K is responsible for the carboxylation or activation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X in the liver.
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- Vitamin K reductase enzymes keep the vitamin in an active (reduced) state
- 6. Cont
- Calcium binding proteins (CBP)
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- Vitamin K is found to carboxylated specific glutamate residues of CBP of bones, spleen, placenta and kidneys
- Vitamin K-dependent protein
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- Matrix Gla-protein (mgp)
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- Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (gas6),
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- Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)-
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- Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1)
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- Thrombin (f2)
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- Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (gas6)
- 7. Cont
- Poor vitamin K status is associated
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- increased postmenopausal bone loss
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- bone fractures
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- artery calcification
- Inverse correlation between dietary vitamin K intake and
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- bone fracture risk
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- cardiovascular mortality
- 8. Vitamin K dosage and toxicity
- There is no known toxicity associated with high doses
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- phylloquinone
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- menaquinone
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- menadione
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- its derivatives
- High intake of vitamin K is not recommended
- 9. Osteoporosis and vitamin K
- Osteoporosis is a disease of skeleton characterizes by decrease bone power and the bone are more vulnerable to fracture
- Menaquinone reduce and stop
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- bone loss
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- helpful to control the disorders of bone
- Vitamin K
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- decreases the vertebral the hip fractures
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- rising bone mass
- 10. Cont
- Pakistan has a rapidly growing population, with the percentage of elderly steadily increasing
- Osteoporosis- medical fraternity as a significant health problem
- Hip fractures in 2008
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- estimates based on ultrasound study
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- 9.91 million people suffer with osteoporosis
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- 7.19 million women
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- 2.71 million men
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- 11. Cont
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- These numbers are estimated to rise
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- 11.3 million in 2020
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- 12.91 million in 2050
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- Women aged (45-70 years)
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- osteoporosis -16%
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- osteopenia - 34%
- Postmenopausal women in Peshawar- 75% at risk of osteoporosis (2002)
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- 12. Cont
- Vitamin k dependent proteins
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- Osteocalcin
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- Matrix Gla-protein
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- activated and play role in bone metabolism
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- reduce the threat of hip breakage
- Incomplete carboxylation of osteocalcin results in
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- an increased risk of osteoporosis
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- bone fractures
- Gla residues binds Ca 2+ ions and promotes a protein-Ca 2+ -phospholipid interaction
- 13. The vitamin K-dependent carboxylation reaction 12/28/10 The enzyme is located at the luminal surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, and post-translationally carboxylates specific Glu residues of a limited number of proteins to -carboxyglutamyl (Gla) residues during protein processing glutamyl (Glu) 7-carboxyglutamyl (Gla) residues The vitamin K-dependent carboxylation reaction
- 14. Osteocalcin
- Osteocalcin
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- low-molecular-weight protein (49-50 residues)
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- three Gla residues
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- mineral-binding properties
- Osteocalcin is produced by
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- osteoblasts during bone matrix formation
- Osteocalcin concentration in bone
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- is directly proportional to calcium in bone
- Osteocalcin indication of bone formation
- 15. Relationship between vitamin K status and bone health
- Circulating and bone vitamin K concentrations
- Vitamin K status and os teoporosis
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- reduced plasma concentrations of
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- Phylloquinone
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- MK-7
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- MK-8
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- patients with recent femoral fractures or prior vertebral compression fractures
- Serum vitamin K concentration in elderly women after hip fracture
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- significantly lowers than those in age-matched healthy control
- 16. Under- -carboxylated osteocalcin ( ucOC )
- Circulating osteocalcin
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- Adsorbed ca-phosphate (hydroxyapatite) gel
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- oral anticoagulant is less adsorbed hydroxyapatite in the presence of warfarin
- Osteocalcin converted in to fully -carboxylate in normal vitamin K-sufficient subjects
- Circulating ucOC increase with advancing age in women
- Serum osteocalcin and extent of its carboxylation is a
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- marker of vitamin K status in
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- pregnant women
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- newborn babies
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- 17. Vitamin K supplementation and bone health
- Phylloquinone (1 mg/d)
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- undercarboxylated osteocalcin to normal level in a postmenopausal (55- to 75 years old) women
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- elevated ratios of urinary hydroxyprolinexreatinine and urinary calciumxreatinine,
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- rapid bone turnover
- Vitamin K supplementation led to significant reductions in both urinary calcium and hydroxyproline excretion
- 18. Cont
- MK-4 (45 mg) increase in
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- metacarpal bone mineral density,
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- serum osteocalcin
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- reduced urinary calcium excretion
- Renal vitamin K-dependent protein activity decreased by insufficient vitamin K
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- leading to excessive calcium loss in the urine
- Supplementation with MK-4 has positive effect in an in vitro bone mineralization system
- 19. Observations relating to osteoporosis
- Low concentration of circulating vitamin K in patients with bone fractures
- Concentration of circulating under- -carboxylated osteocalcin associated with age, low bone mineral density, and hip fracture risk
- Anticoagulant therapy associated with decreased bone density
- Vitamin K supplementation decreases bone loss and calcium excretion
- 20. Conclusions
- Vitamin K should be mandatory to control osteoporosis
- It is also indispensable for the formation of thrombin
- Osteoporosis is not recognized by the government as a health problem
- There are no policies or programs for prevention of osteoporosis and associated fractures in Pakistan
- The level of awareness among allied heath professionals as well as the general population
- 21. References
- Binkley, N. C and Suttie, J. W. 1995. Vitamin K Nutrition and Osteoporosis. Journal of nutrition, 125: 1812-1821.
- Katarzyna Billing-Marczak, Marcin Krotkiewski. 2008. The role of vitamin K in bone metabolism.Terapia;16(5):41-46.
- Habiba U, Ahmed S, Hassan L. 2002. Predisposition to osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak;12:297-301
- Riaz S, Alam M, Umer M. 2006.Frequency of osteomalacia in elderly patients with hip fractures. J Pak Med Assoc;56:273-276
- Lowe N, Bano Q, Bangash S A, et al. 2008.Dietary calcium intake and bone health in postmenopausal women in Nahaqi, North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society; 67:(OCE8), E369