PART ONE: Vitamins, Supplements & Energy Drinks PART TWO: Metabolic Syndrome

Jacque De FouwHealth Educator

Vitamins•Non-caloric essential nutrients, necessary

for specific metabolic control and disease prevention

•Certain health problems r/t inadequate or excessive vitamin intake

•In many foods with energy and tissue building cho, fat and protein.

•Supplements are individual & specific

Interesting discovery•Sailors sick and died unless ate fruit

(scurvey)– lemons and limes – limeys (vit C)

•Vital amines ---vitamins•Recent discovery – since 1900 – 1990s•Properties

▫Vital function with small amounts▫Not manufactured in body – must eat▫Categorized as Fat or Water soluble

Functions•Control or coenzymes – work together

▫Ie: B vitamins work together –metabolize glucose to produce energy

•Tissue Structure▫Tissue building

•Deficiency disease prevention

WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINSVITAMIN C B VITAMINS • Intercellular “cement”,

collagen and capillary walls

• Growth, vigor, coenzymes, red blood cell development

FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINSVitamin A• Vision skin• Toxic in large amounts

Vitamin D• Absorption of calcium +

phosphorus• Deficiency = rickets

FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINSVitamin E• Anti-oxidant (protectant)

Vitamin K• Normal blood clotting

CONTROVERSY EXISTS•To supplement or not•Extremists•Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)

RULES TO LIVE BY•Vitamins can be harmful in large amounts

•Follow individual needs

•All nutrients must work together for optimal health

•FOOD is the best source of nutrients

Individual needs▫Life cycle stage

Pregnancy and lactation Infancy Aging

▫Life style Oral contraceptive use - B and C needs increased Restrictive diets – fad & low calorie diets, vegan

B12

Exercise – B riboflavin Smoking – C Alcohol – Bs esp. folate Caffeine – water soluble (Bs & C)

▫Disease states - individual

Megadoses•Used as a drug•Too much can be harmful or fatal

▫TOXIC EFFECTS Fat Soluble stored in liver – A

Liver /brain damage Water Soluble - Pyradoxine for menstrual

problems Not helpful/severe nerve damage

Vitamin C –to cure colds, cholesterol, or cancer risk GI pain, kidney stones, resistance to bacteria

Supplements and Energy Drinks•Eat a balanced, moderate varied diet•Get enough sleep •Be sure not to overload on one thing

▫Protein hard on kidneys•Think about why you think you need a

supplement or energy•If eating well, no need for extra

•$$$$$

Metabolic SyndromePART 2

DATA collected at 2007 Student Health Fair

COMPLICATIONS OF OBESITY

METABOLIC SYNDROME

▫CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

▫DIABETES 

What is Coronary Artery Disease?•Affects about 14 million Americans•About 500,000 deaths/year•Accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque in

coronary arteries = obstruction of blood flow to heart muscle

What happens?•Heart muscle has pain without oxygen

•Destruction of muscle tissue

•Death of cardiac muscle

Symptoms•Often no warning while slowly advancing

obstruction

•Chest Pain

•Short of Breath

•Swelling of legs

Risk Factors Cannot be changed

Can be changed

Pathophysiologic Factors

Life-style factors

Age High blood pressure Tobacco useGender Diabetes ObesityRace/Ethnic background

High Cholesterol Sedentary/inactivity

Heredity Women: early menopause

Personality type/coping abilityWomen: birth control pills

Only YOU can take care of yourself!Make good choices! TEACH good

choices!

What is Diabetes?•A chronic disease in which the body

can not properly use or make insulin.

•Insulin- a hormone made in the pancrease that turns sugar (glucose) into energy for the body to use

What happens without insulin?Lack of insulin

Build up of glucose in the

blood (hyperglycemia)

Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus

Symptoms•Frequent urination•Excessive thirst•Extreme hunger

- Cells are starved for energy•Unexplained weight loss

- Insulin can not trigger the storage of fat

•Fatigue•Delayed wound healing

Type I Diabetes Mellitus•RISK factors:

- Genetics- Autoimmune history

•Type I is not preventable

Type II Diabetes Mellitus•Non-insulin dependent diabetes

mellitus

•Body makes insulin but most cells do not use insulin properly

•Insulin resistance•Slowly, the pancreas stops making

insulin.

Type II Diabetes Mellitus•90-95 % of diabetics•RISK factors

- Older age- Family history- Obesity- Physical Inactivity- Race and Ethnicity

Type II Risk Factors•Obesity & Inactivity

- Studies find a relationship between weight/activity level and Type II- Seeing an increase in Type II

diabetes in children

Type II Diabetes Mellitus•Race & Ethnicity

- African Americans - Hispanic/Latino Americans- American Indians- Asian Americans- Pacific Islanders

Type II Prevention•If have risk factors, prevent or delay

the onset of Type II…- Healthy diet- Moderately intense exercise

(walking 2 1/2 hours each week)

Type II Treatment•Goal: Control blood sugar (glucose)

- Glucose monitoring often- Oral medicine / Insulin injections- Diet- Exercise / Weight management- Follow up with doctor - Educate yourself!

Other complications of Metabolic Syndrome

▫Joint pain and disorders▫Fatigue▫Snoring + Sleep apnea ▫Respiratory disorders▫Depression▫Cancers▫Complications of pregnancy▫Incontinence

The best way to weigh yourself!!!

FITNESS is the Key!•How do you feel?

•How do your clothes fit?

•Do you have energy for daily living?

WED. April 29 – 11:30 – 1 Location TBA

Weigh in if you want! Report your little and BIG

successes!

Student Health Services would like to help you

regain a healthy body and body

image as you gain knowledge

in your studies. We would also like to help

you develop good, solid ,lifelong health habits.