Vahan Hovsepyan - Internet of Things: Big Data and Big Opportunities for Economies - ArmIGF 2015
Visualizing Networks Large & Small - Vahan Yoghourdjian · Visualizing Networks Large & Small Vahan...
Transcript of Visualizing Networks Large & Small - Vahan Yoghourdjian · Visualizing Networks Large & Small Vahan...
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Visualizing Networks Large & Small
Vahan Yoghourdjian
Under the supervision of
Tim Dwyer, Kim Marriott, Michael Wybrow, Karsten Klein
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What?
High-quality layout
Large networks
Small networks
Structural summary
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What?
• Can we create better network diagrams?
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Why?
• Existing algorithms are complex and inflexible
• We need:• Application specific semantics
• Grid points
• Variable node sizes
• Flow, etc.
• Enhanced readability• Compactness
• Proximity of connected nodes
• Non-overlap, etc.Yoghourdjian, Vahan, et al. "High-quality ultra-compact grid layout of grouped networks." IEEE
transactions on visualization and computer graphics 22.1 (2016): 339-348.
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How?
• Is it practical to use constraint programming to solve network layout problems?
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groups contain only respective nodesHow?
• Decision variables• Node placement• Edge routing
• Constraints
• Objective function• Manhattan stress• Group compactness• Grid compactness
Add additional constraints
u v
u and v should not overlap
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How?
• Will these techniques produce high-quality layouts in reasonable time?
• Experimental study with 3 common solvers• 5 minutes timeout
• Up to 60 nodes
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• Grid size• Total edge length• Crossings
10x11334
9x8294
7x7250
Force-Directed with Grid Snap
Large Neighborhood
Search
Optimal
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What?
• Big data – Large networks
• “Overview first, zoom and filter, detail on demand” Shneiderman
• How can we use small clear diagrams to visualize very large networks?
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Why?
• Graph Browsing
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Bach, Benjamin, et al.
"Small MultiPiles: Piling
time to explore temporal
patterns in dynamic
networks." Computer
Graphics Forum. Vol. 34. No. 3. 2015.
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Why?
• Visualizing Graph Metrics (B-Matrix, GraphPrism,
Brandes and Pich, VoG,
etc.)• Not Scalable
• Detailed Analysis
Kairam, Sanjay, et al. "GraphPrism: compact visualization of network structure." Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM, 2012.
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How?
• How to use small diagrams to reveal structural information of large and dense networks?
• Graph Thumbnails• K-Connectivity & K-Core
• Precise
• Canonical
• Scalable
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Number of EdgesNumber of NodesNode Degrees
Graph Thumbnail Node-Link Diagram
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1-connected
2-connected
3-connected
Graph Thumbnail Node-Link Diagram
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Graph 9Graph 2 Graph 3 Graph 4 Graph 5 Graph 6 Graph 7 Graph 8 Graph 10Graph 1
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Similarity Study
• 5-star rating
• User feedback
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Similarity Study
• 5-star rating
• User feedback
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Similarity Study
• 5-star rating
• User feedback
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Analyzing the Results
GT NL MX dense graphs
clustered
sparse disconnected
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Analyzing the Results
GT
dense graphs
clustered
sparse disconnected
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Analyzing the Results
NL
dense graphs
clustered
sparse disconnected
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Analyzing the Results
MX
dense graphs
clustered
sparse disconnected
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Future Work
• Analyzing the results• Compare similarity rating of graphs with different
structure
• Compare similarity rating of graphs with similar structure
• Training affect
• Check for positive or negative connotation in feedback
GT
NL
MX
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Future Work
• Matching Study • Ask participants to match
Graph Thumbnails to node-link diagrams
• Vice versa
Example: given a graph thumbnail and 3 node-link diagrams
Which node-link diagram matches the graph thumbnail?
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Future Work
• Connectivity detection• 1-connected, 2-connected subsets
• Graph Thumbnails, node-link diagrams
& adjacency matrices
How many 1-connected subsets can you find in
this diagram?• 3• 5• 10
Example: given a graph thumbnail
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Questions
• Graph thumbnail evaluation• Number of edges• Node degrees• Stars
• Consider alternate representations• Icicle Plot
• Other existing tools or methods that serve similar objectives
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Questions
• Other applications for graph thumbnails• Dynamic networks
• Animation• Blur / sharpness
• Uncertainty• Fuzziness / blur
• Analyzing the results of the similarity study
• Other studies that I should conduct• Similarity study with larger graphs and smaller thumbnails• Interview experts / practitioners• Compare community detection algorithms with Graph Thumbnails
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Questions
• Focus-Context visualization
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Thank you
For more information or contact, visit Vahany.com
Some parts of the work described today is found in “High-Quality Ultra-Compact Grid Layout of Grouped Networks”