Visualization and Spatial Hypertext Haowei Hsieh Center for the Study of Digital Libraries Texas A&M...
-
Upload
brice-eaton -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Visualization and Spatial Hypertext Haowei Hsieh Center for the Study of Digital Libraries Texas A&M...
Visualization and Visualization and Spatial HypertextSpatial Hypertext
Haowei HsiehHaowei HsiehCenter for the Study of Digital Libraries Center for the Study of Digital Libraries
Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University
CPSC 436, 9/28/2006CPSC 436, 9/28/2006
Information Life CycleInformation Life Cycle
ComprehensionSkimming & Reading
ModificationAnnotation & Authoring
LocationSearching & Browsing
Located resources must be understood to be evaluated
Understanding one document may require other documents or result
in further information requests
Added contentinfluences further
access
Reading leads toannotation, note
taking, and writing
Formality of InformationFormality of Information
People naturally process informal People naturally process informal informationinformation By perception, association, abstractionBy perception, association, abstraction
Computers process formalized Computers process formalized informationinformation Database (data tables, records, fields)Database (data tables, records, fields) Metadata (attributes, values)Metadata (attributes, values)
TextNote
Text & Graphics
Note A
Node B
Web Hypertext
Less formal More formal
Database
Superclass
Subclass Subclass
ObjectFrames &Semantic Nets
ChallengesChallenges
Design for humans or computers?Design for humans or computers? Humans:Humans:
Good at abstraction and visual perceptionGood at abstraction and visual perception Handle information less formally Handle information less formally
Computers: Computers: Good at repetitive computationGood at repetitive computation Data needs to be formalizedData needs to be formalized
Research ProjectsResearch Projects
Visual Knowledge Builder (VKB)Visual Knowledge Builder (VKB) An information workspace providing An information workspace providing
free-form interaction and visual free-form interaction and visual expression for knowledge work with expression for knowledge work with unstructured informationunstructured information
VITEVITE An information workspace supporting An information workspace supporting
two-way mappings to work with two-way mappings to work with structured informationstructured information
Related ResearchRelated Research
Visual languages Visual languages Specify and present relationshipsSpecify and present relationships
Express relationships in visual workspacesExpress relationships in visual workspaces Explicitly via schema based visual languagesExplicitly via schema based visual languages Implicitly via patterns and spatial arrangementImplicitly via patterns and spatial arrangement
Related ResearchRelated Research
Hypermedia/hypertextHypermedia/hypertext Node and link hypertextNode and link hypertext Map-based hypertextMap-based hypertext Spatial hypertextSpatial hypertext
Evolution of hypermedia systemsEvolution of hypermedia systems
NoteCards
KMS
Aquanet
VNS
Tivoli
HOS
VIKIVITE
VKB
Related ResearchRelated Research
Hypermedia/hypertextHypermedia/hypertext Node and link hypertextNode and link hypertext Map-based hypertextMap-based hypertext Spatial hypertextSpatial hypertext
Evolution of hypermedia systemsEvolution of hypermedia systems
VITENoteCards Aquanet VIKI
VKB
Related ResearchRelated Research
Hypermedia/hypertextHypermedia/hypertext Node and link hypertextNode and link hypertext Map-based hypertextMap-based hypertext Spatial hypertextSpatial hypertext
Evolution of hypermedia systemsEvolution of hypermedia systems
NoteCards
KMS
Aquanet
VNS
Tivoli
HOS
VIKIVITE
VKB
Related ResearchRelated Research
Hypermedia/hypertextHypermedia/hypertext Node and link hypertextNode and link hypertext Map-based hypertextMap-based hypertext Spatial hypertextSpatial hypertext
Evolution of hypermedia systemsEvolution of hypermedia systems
NoteCards
KMS
Aquanet
VNS
Tivoli
HOS
VIKI VITEVKB
Visual Knowledge Visual Knowledge Builder (VKB)Builder (VKB)
Information objects: visual data Information objects: visual data representationrepresentation
Collections -- hierarchy of 2-d spacesCollections -- hierarchy of 2-d spaces Visual attributes for user interpretationVisual attributes for user interpretation Import information by drag & drop, Import information by drag & drop,
copy/pastecopy/paste
Short DemoShort Demo
VKB Advanced FeaturesVKB Advanced Features
Spatial parser Spatial parser (structure recognition)(structure recognition)
User-defined attributes User-defined attributes Integrated search Integrated search
(NSDL and Google) (NSDL and Google) Navigable historyNavigable history
VKB Advanced FeaturesVKB Advanced Features
Spatial parser Spatial parser (structure recognition)(structure recognition)
User-defined attributes User-defined attributes Integrated search Integrated search
(NSDL and Google) (NSDL and Google) Navigable historyNavigable history
Lab Administratorsusername: haoweigroup: power user
VKB Advanced FeaturesVKB Advanced Features
Spatial parser Spatial parser (structure recognition)(structure recognition)
User-defined attributesUser-defined attributes Integrated search Integrated search
(NSDL and Google) (NSDL and Google) Navigable historyNavigable history
VKB Advanced FeaturesVKB Advanced Features
Spatial parser Spatial parser (structure recognition)(structure recognition)
User-defined attributes User-defined attributes Integrated search Integrated search
(NSDL and Google)(NSDL and Google) Navigable historyNavigable history
Example ApplicationsExample Applications Organization Organization
Example ApplicationsExample Applications Information gathering and collectionInformation gathering and collection
Example ApplicationsExample Applications Project managementProject management
VKB SummaryVKB Summary
Support the Support the information life cycleinformation life cycle Embedded search and easy importEmbedded search and easy import Visual manipulation and expressionVisual manipulation and expression
Support for Support for incremental formalizationincremental formalization Gradually transform informal Gradually transform informal
information into information into semi-formal or formal informationsemi-formal or formal information
Software freely available atSoftware freely available athttp://www.csdl.tamu.edu/VKB/http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/VKB/
VITEVITE
An information workspace for An information workspace for manipulating structured information manipulating structured information in a semi-formal settingin a semi-formal setting
MotivationMotivation
Difficulties interacting with Difficulties interacting with structured informationstructured information Incomplete representation: Incomplete representation:
deconstructive nature of formalizationdeconstructive nature of formalization Intermediate representation: transient Intermediate representation: transient
states during problem solvingstates during problem solving
Two-way MappingTwo-way Mapping
MappingData Table Visual Display
Visualization
Visual Parsing
Two-way Mapping
Link semantic content of the database with visual attributes of information objects
SemantiSemanticc
AttributAttributeses Visual AttributesVisual Attributes
Position, Size, Color Position, Size, Color (background and (background and border), Text label, border), Text label, Border widthBorder width
Semantic Semantic AttributesAttributes
Title, Level, Start Title, Level, Start Time, Instructor, Time, Instructor, Classroom, etc.Classroom, etc.
Visual Visual AttributeAttribute
ss
Semantic Value Semantic Value Visual ValueVisual Value
Mapping assignmentsMapping assignments Day of Week: Day of Week: X PositionX Position Start: Start: Y PositionY Position Difficulty: Difficulty: BG BG
ColorColor Title: Title: Text LabelText Label Start: Start: Text LabelText Label End: End: Text LabelText Label
Value assignment Value assignment
e.g. Difficultye.g. Difficulty Level 1:Level 1: GreenGreen Level 2:Level 2: YellowYellow Level 3:Level 3: RedRed
MathematicsStart: 1000End: 1100
VITE ArchitectureVITE Architecture
Visual Workspace
Mapping Engine
Data Storage
MappingDesigner
MiscellaneousInterface
Mapping AssignmentInterface
Mapping Assistant Mapping Profile
User Inputs Visual Display
Visual Parser Visual Renderer
VITE InterfaceVITE Interface
WorkspaceWorkspace Mapping DesignerMapping Designer
Mapping AssignmentMapping Assignment Continuous/Discrete settingsContinuous/Discrete settings
Miscellaneous InterfacesMiscellaneous Interfaces
Mapping DesignerMapping Designer
Visual Visual AttribuAttributestes
Selected Semantic Attribute
Available
Semantic
Attribute
Mapping AssignmentMapping Assignment
1. Continuous value1. Continuous value
2. Continuous color2. Continuous color
3. Discrete value3. Discrete value
4. Discrete color4. Discrete color
Mapping Assignment 1/4Mapping Assignment 1/4
Estimated Range for Selected Visual Attribute
Selected Visual Attribute : Y Size
Select Attribute : MarketValue
Available Value Range fromScanning the Database
Select Mapping Style: Continuous
Mapping Preview
Mapping Assignment 2/4Mapping Assignment 2/4
Default Color Range for Selected Visual Attribute
Selected Visual Attribute : Background Color
Select Attribute : MarketValue
Available Value Range fromScanning the Database
Select Mapping Style: Continuous
Mapping Preview
Mapping Assignment 3/4Mapping Assignment 3/4
Default Values for Selected Visual Attribute
Selected Visual Attribute : X Position
Select Attribute : POS
Available Value from Scanning the Database
Select Mapping Style: Discrete
Mapping Assignment 4/4Mapping Assignment 4/4
Default Values for Selected Visual Attribute
Selected Visual Attribute : Background Color
Select Attribute : POS
Available Values fromScanning the Database
Select Mapping Style: Discrete
VITE DemoVITE Demo
Class scheduling example used in Class scheduling example used in the tutorialthe tutorial
User StudyUser Study
Investigate Investigate How people solve problems using visual How people solve problems using visual
workspaces workspaces How people use two-way mappingsHow people use two-way mappings
ObserveObserve General use and selection of visual attributesGeneral use and selection of visual attributes
IdentifyIdentify Problems when dealing with two-way Problems when dealing with two-way
mappingmapping Desired enhancements through feedbackDesired enhancements through feedback
TasksTasks
Task 1: Flight approach controlTask 1: Flight approach control User acts as an air traffic controllerUser acts as an air traffic controller schedule airplanes to avoid conflict schedule airplanes to avoid conflict
Task 2: Fantasy basketballTask 2: Fantasy basketball User acts as a team manager of a User acts as a team manager of a
fantasy basketball teamfantasy basketball team Select 5 players within a limited budgetSelect 5 players within a limited budget
Task 1: Data AttributesTask 1: Data AttributesArrival: Arrival: Arrival timeArrival time
Runway: Runway: Pre-assigned runwayPre-assigned runway
Flight: Flight: Flight NumberFlight Number
Category:Category: Airliner, Regional passenger plane, or Cargo Airliner, Regional passenger plane, or Cargo planeplane
Airline: Airline: Airline who operates this flightAirline who operates this flight
Airplane: Airplane: Type of the aircraft (Make/Model)Type of the aircraft (Make/Model)
AP_Speed: AP_Speed: Approach speed Approach speed
RW_Length: RW_Length: Required runway length. Required runway length.
Capacity: Capacity: Maximum number of passengerMaximum number of passenger
Passengers: Passengers: Number of passengers on boardNumber of passengers on board
Departure: Departure: Departure timeDeparture time
Engine_Type: Engine_Type: Type of engine of the aircraft, i.e., Jet, Turbo, etc.Type of engine of the aircraft, i.e., Jet, Turbo, etc.
No_Engines: No_Engines: Number of enginesNumber of engines
Gate: Gate: Preplanned gate assignmentPreplanned gate assignment
Status: Status: Flight statusFlight status
Task 1: Example Task 1: Example MappingMapping
Task 1: Example SpaceTask 1: Example Space
Task 2: Data AttributesTask 2: Data AttributesMarket Value : Market Value : Current salary to recruit the playerCurrent salary to recruit the player
POS : POS : Position the player playsPosition the player plays
Decision : Decision : Decision to choose, reject, or still consider the player.Decision to choose, reject, or still consider the player.
Athlete: Athlete: The name of the playerThe name of the player
Team : Team : Where the team comes fromWhere the team comes from
3PT : 3PT : 3 point shots made3 point shots made
REB : REB : ReboundsRebounds
Min : Min : Minimum field goalMinimum field goal
AST : AST : AssistsAssists
BLK : BLK : Blocked ShotsBlocked Shots
STL : STL : StealsSteals
TO :TO : TurnoversTurnovers
FTM-A : FTM-A : Free Throws Made-AttemptedFree Throws Made-Attempted
FT% : FT% : Free Throw PercentageFree Throw Percentage
FGM-A : FGM-A : Field Goals Made-AttemptedField Goals Made-Attempted
FG% : FG% : Field Goal PercentageField Goal Percentage
Prev : Prev : Salary of the player's previous contractSalary of the player's previous contract
Change : Change : Change of the player's salary between current market value and previous Change of the player's salary between current market value and previous salary.salary.
Task 2: Example SpaceTask 2: Example Space
Task 2: Visual Problem Task 2: Visual Problem SolvingSolving
Task 2: Creating Task 2: Creating ReferenceReference
Task 2: Visual SortingTask 2: Visual Sorting Object height is mapped to a critical attribute. The user Object height is mapped to a critical attribute. The user
need to find a proper object by comparing their height.need to find a proper object by comparing their height.
Step 1: select objects to be sortedStep 1: select objects to be sorted
Task 2: Visual SortingTask 2: Visual Sorting Object height is mapped to a critical value. The user Object height is mapped to a critical value. The user
need to find a proper object by comparing their height.need to find a proper object by comparing their height.
Step 2: make the selection into a pile by Step 2: make the selection into a pile by StackStack function function
Task 2: Visual SortingTask 2: Visual Sorting Object height is mapped to a critical value. The user Object height is mapped to a critical value. The user
need to find a proper object by comparing their height.need to find a proper object by comparing their height.
Step 3: Align the selection at top with Step 3: Align the selection at top with Align Y - TopAlign Y - Top function. function. A list of objects handy for comparing their height and sortingA list of objects handy for comparing their height and sorting
Task 2: ComparingTask 2: Comparing
Task 2: ResultTask 2: Result
Task 2: Similar StrategyTask 2: Similar Strategy
ObservationsObservations
Users’ preference of visual propertiesUsers’ preference of visual properties Position > (Size, Color)Position > (Size, Color) Text label is inevitableText label is inevitable
Use and selection of visual properties:Use and selection of visual properties: Unmapped visual properties: temporary memory Unmapped visual properties: temporary memory Text Label: for textural description and feedbackText Label: for textural description and feedback Position: to hold status, sort, distribute, or categorizePosition: to hold status, sort, distribute, or categorize Color: to show status, categorization, or reveal value Color: to show status, categorization, or reveal value
distributiondistribution Size: to compare value (numeric) or show categorization Size: to compare value (numeric) or show categorization
(discrete)(discrete) Border Width: rarely used, because too few values Border Width: rarely used, because too few values
available, and it effect the usefulness of border coloravailable, and it effect the usefulness of border color
VITE SummaryVITE Summary
Two-way mapping enables semi-formal Two-way mapping enables semi-formal manipulation of formalized informationmanipulation of formalized information
VITE supports users in developing VITE supports users in developing advanced problem solving strategiesadvanced problem solving strategies
VITE provides users new ways of VITE provides users new ways of interacting with structured informationinteracting with structured information
Users identified additional features that Users identified additional features that would support this approach would support this approach
ConclusionConclusion
Information workspaces support all Information workspaces support all phases of the information life cyclephases of the information life cycle
Incremental formalization facilitate Incremental formalization facilitate the transformation of informal the transformation of informal information into more formal information into more formal knowledge representations (VKB)knowledge representations (VKB)
Two-way mappings enable interaction Two-way mappings enable interaction with formalized information in semi-with formalized information in semi-formal environments (VITE)formal environments (VITE)