Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors and Presenters
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Transcript of Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors and Presenters
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
© 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional DesignersInstructors, and Presenters
www.acdowd-designs.com • [email protected]
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
You don’t have to be an artist...
Acrylic on wood (4’ x 4.5’) Angela Dowd
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
We all have potential for creativity
What types of visual design decisions do you make at work?
In your personal life?
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Visual Cues Make a Difference
According to dual encoding, adding a
relevant visual to text improves learning by
providing two memory traces. The words
offer one view of the content and the visual
offers asecond complimentary view. (Clark, 2008)
“
”Clark, Ruth Colvin, 2008. Building Expertise: Cognitive Methods for Training and Performance Improvement. Pfeiffer (imprint of Wiley)
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Consider the word...
Innovation
Now look at it...
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. DowdParticipant Guide cover designed for Alamo Learning Systems
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Here’s another example
Profits Gap Social Values
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. DowdPresentation slide designed for Profits and Social Values: Closing the Gap, Darwin Gillett
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Presentation plan...
Introduce a few basic design principles
Show examples of how they work
Discuss how they relate to learning theories
Share a hands-on activity at the end
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
There are many design principles
ContrastSymmetryRepetitionFlowFocal PointMovementProportionRhythmUnity
AccessibilityAlignmentForgivenessHierarchyPragnanzLegibilityRedundancyVisibility80/20 rule
Mental ModelShapingSimilarityAffordanceClosureFigure/groundProximityConsistencyWayfinding...
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
This presentation focuses on three...
Figure/ground
Proximity
Consistency
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Design Principles are often related to Learning Theories
Gestalt Learning Theory encompasses several design principles, including Figure/ground and Proximity.
Cognitive Consistency Theory and Cognitive Dissonance Theory support the principle of Consistency.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt Learning Theory
From 1910 —1914 Max Wertheimer worked with Wolfgang Köhler and Kurt Koffka developing the fundamental concepts of Gestalt theory.
The word gestalt means shape in the German language. There are numerous Principles that emerged from Gestalt Learning Theory.
http://psy.ed.asu.edu/~classics/Wertheimer/Forms/forms.htm
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt: Figure/ground Principle
Figure ground suggests that the eye tends to
see the objects rather than the spaces or holes
between them.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt: Figure/ground Principle
Reversible Stable Ambiguous
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Art piece by MC Escher
Reversible Figure/ground
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Ambiguous Figure/ground
Photo by Angela Dowd, graphic from Creative Commons www.creativecommons.org
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Stable Figure/ground
Photo by Angela Dowd, graphic from Creative Commons www.creativecommons.org
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Choose a Stable Figure/ground
You can increase the probability of recall
by making the important learning items
“figures” in the composition.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt: Proximity Principle
The principle of Proximity suggests that when assorted elements are grouped closely together, they are perceived as wholes.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt: Proximity Principle
Are you the concept person at work? Do you like to look at the big picture? Is it part of your job to oversee the visual design production process? Are you fascinated by details? Have you been online trying to find clip art that is a good fit? Do you spend hours looking through stock photo websites to find the right image? Are you a photographer? Do you create your own images? Do you love working with color? If you visit Veer at http://www.veer.com/products/images/, you will find wonderful photos and also fonts. At www.Vectorious.net you will find a large library of incredibly creative vector illustrations and even several free vectors that are quite lovely. If color is your passion you can design your own template themes using an interactive Adobe tool named kuler, which can be found at https://kuler.adobe.com/#themes/rating?time=30.
Are you...• the concept person at work? • someone who likes to look at the big picture?• fascinated by details?• a photographer?• an artist/designer creating your own visuals?
Do you...• oversee the visual design production process?• search online for clip art that is a good fit?• spend hours looking through stock photo websites?• feel passionate about color?
Here are some resources for you!Color: https://kuler.adobe.com/Vectors: www.Vectorious.netPhotos: www.veer.com
No Proximity Proximity applied
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Gestalt: Proximity Principle
Ensure labels supporting information are near the elements they describe.
Locate unrelated elements far from one another.
Emphasize differences between groups while minimizing differences between items in a group.
Group by position to show the order of tasks and subtasks and how the eye scans the screen.
Cooper; Reimann; Cronin, 2007. About Face 3: the Essentials of Interaction Design. Wiley Publishing, Inc.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Proximity and Spatial Contiguity
Students generated a median of over 50%
more creative solutions to transfer problems
when verbal and visual explanations were
integrated than when they were separated.
(Mayer, 1997)
A Learner-Centered Approach to Multimedia Explanations: Deriving Instructional Design Principles from Cognitive Theory (Moreno, Mayer, 2000)
“”
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Proximity would help here...
Slides for talk on “Enthusiastic Amateurs and Overcoming Institutional Inertia” given by Brian Kelly, UKOLN at the Mashed Libraries 2009 (‘Mash Oop North’) event.
www.creativecommons.org
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Proximity makes things clearer
www.creativecommons.orgExpanding to Russia With Loveby faberNovel on Apr 12, 2012
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Consistency
According to the principle of consistency,
systems are more usable and learnable when
similar parts are expressed in similar ways.
(Lidwell, Holden, Butler, 2003)
Lidwell, William; Holden, Kritina; Butler, Jill. 2003. Universal Principles of Design. Rockport Publishers.
“”
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Consistency
Not consistent Grid used for consistency
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Consistency — No unifying pattern
A presentation on using Creative Commons in the classroom, delivered to the Centro de Formacion de la Cooperacion Espanola in Guatemala in October 2008. This slideshow draws on the excellent “Creative Commons in our Schools” presenta-tion by Mark Woolley: http://www.slideshare.net/markwoolley/creative-commons-in-our-schools/ www.creativecommons
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Consistency — A unifying pattern exists
www.creativecommons.orgExpanding to Russia With Loveby faberNovel on Apr 12, 2012
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Know the rules so you can break them if you need to...
Will the user’s current knowledge help them
understand how to use what I’m designing?“ ”
User Interface Engineering Consistency in Design is the Wrong Approach by Jared Spool
Sometimes consistency is not the answer. The quote above is from a blog post by Jared Spool, author, researcher and user interface educator. The title is Consistency in Design is the Wrong Approach.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Summary: Gestalt Figure/ground Principle
Reversible Stable Ambiguous
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Summary: Gestalt Proximity Principle
Are you the concept person at work? Do you like to look at the big picture? Is it part of your job to oversee the visual design production process? Are you fascinated by details? Have you been online trying to find clip art that is a good fit? Do you spend hours looking through stock photo websites to find the right image? Are you a photographer? Do you create your own images? Do you love working with color? If you visit Veer at http://www.veer.com/products/images/, you will find wonderful photos and also fonts. At www.Vectorious.net you will find a large library of incredibly creative vector illustrations and even several free vectors that are quite lovely. If color is your passion you can design your own template themes using an interactive Adobe tool named kuler, which can be found at https://kuler.adobe.com/#themes/rating?time=30.
Are you...• the concept person at work? • someone who likes to look at the big picture?• fascinated by details?• a photographer?• an artist/designer creating your own visuals?
Do you...• oversee the visual design production process?• search online for clip art that is a good fit?• spend hours looking through stock photo websites?• feel passionate about color?
Here are some resources for you!Color: https://kuler.adobe.com/Vectors: www.Vectorious.netPhotos: www.veer.com
No Proximity Proximity applied
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Summary: Consistency
Not consistent Grid used for consistency
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Think on paper...
Thumbnail sketches are a good way to start practicing these principles. We will do some in the activity.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C.
Visual Design Strategies for Instructional Designers, Instructors, and Presenters • © 2012 Angela C. Dowd
Thank you!Angela C. [email protected]