VISION 2020 roaDmap to SuStaiNaBle co- · PDF fileJl. ir. h. Juanda No. 18 Bogor 16002 West...

Giam Siak kecil - Bukit Batu BioSphere reServe(GSk-Br)

riau | Sumatra | iNDoNeSia

Indonesian MAB UNESCO ProgrammeNational CommitteeGedung kusnoto, lantai 4Jl. ir. h. Juanda No. 18 Bogor 16002West Java – indonesiaphone/Fax +62 251 832 5854e-mail [email protected] www.mab-indonesia.org

Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BBKSDA), Riau ProvinceJl. h.r. Soebrantas km 8.5 p.o. Box 1048pekanbaru 28294riau – indonesiaphone +62 761 64063Fax +62 761 63135e-mail [email protected]

Sinar Mas ForestrySinarmas Land Plaza, 19th FloorJl. m. h. thamrin No. 51Jakarta 10350indonesiaphone +62 21 3983 4473, +62 21 3040 7800Fax +62 21 3199 0066e-mail [email protected] [email protected]

CONtACt POINtS

Jakarta | Indonesia | August 2013

VISION 2020roaDmap to SuStaiNaBle co-maNaGemeNt

ExECUtIVE SUMMARy

Giam Siak kecil - Bukit Batu BioSphere reServe 1

• Located largely in the administrative Regencies ofBengkalis and Siak in Riau Province, central Sumatra,Indonesia,about120kmnorthoftheEquator,orroughly200km(108nauticalmiles)westofSingapore.

• Acontiguouslandscapecovering705,271hectares,whichconsists of a 178,722-Ha Core Area (25%), 222,426-HaBufferZone(32%),anda304,123-HaTransitionArea(43%).

• BoundedintheeastbytheBengkalisandPanjangstraits

thatdraindirectlyintotheStraitofMalacca,whichservesasastrategicglobalshippinglanelyingbetweentheislandofSumatra,IndonesiaandpeninsularMalaysia.

• Significantly covered with tropical peat swamp forests,withgroundelevationsof0toonly50mabovesealevel,andasistypicalwithpeatforests,havewatertablesveryclosetothesurface.

• A peatland ecosystem that is quite unique, but is alsofragile, and highly vulnerable to drastic environmentalchanges,particularlyasaresultofhumanactivities.

• Peat swamp forest that plays a vital role in serving asa natural sponge-like water reservoir, greenhouse gas(forest carbon) sink, wildlife habitat, and key supporterof economic, social and cultural well-being of localcommunities.

GSK BR - IN A NUTSHELL

The 7th Indonesian Biosphere Reserve that was

designated as one of the World Network

of Biosphere Reserves under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB)

Programme on 26 May 2009.

The 1st co-managed Biosphere Reserve initiative in the world,

involving public and private sectors - the Indonesian UNESCO

MAB National Committee, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

(LIPI), Ministry of Forestry, Local Governments of

Riau Province, Sinar Mas Forestry and

Partners (SMF & P), and other cooperating parties.

Dedicated to transforming local communities

from subsistence dependency on the natural resources

to sustainable self-sufficiency, and at the same time, as active participants

in sustainable development.

Giam Siak kecil - Bukit Batu BioSphere reServeGiam Siak kecil - Bukit Batu BioSphere reServe 32

2003• SMF&PandAsiaPulpandPaper(APP)conductedinitialfieldsurveys,andpreparedaProposaltoformGSKBRbycombiningthetwoexistingWildlifeReserves–GiamSiakKecilandBukitBatu – and integrating a patch of natural production forest in between the twoWildlifeReserves,aswellasadjoiningareassurroundingthem.

2006• SMF&PformallysubmittedtheProposaltoformGSKBRtotheIndonesianGovernment

2007• AnagreementamongSMF&P;theNaturalResourcesConservationAgencyofRiauProvince(BBKSDARiau);andlocalPoliceauthoritiesonprotectingGSKBRwassigned

• Biodiversityassessment,andsocio-economicsurveys,wereconductedjointly,bySMF&PandLIPI

BACKGROUND MILESTONES BACKGROUND MILESTONES

2008• AnMoUondevelopingtheGiamSiakKecilWildlifeReserveandtheBukitBatuWildlifeReserveinto a single GSK BRwas signed by SMF&P and the RiauNatural Resources ConservationAgency(BBKSDARiau)

• SMF&Psubmitted theGSKBRproposalwithanattachment–ProposedManagementPlanforGSKBR2009-2013-totheIndonesianUNESCOManandtheBiosphere(MAB)ProgrammeNationalCommittee

• ApreliminaryassessmentoftheCarbonPotentialofthe72,000-HaNaturalProductionForestpartoftheGSKBRCoreAreawasundertakenbySMF&P,APP,andconsultantURS.

2009• AnMoUon Research andDevelopment in theGSK BR landscapewas signedby the R&DAgencyofRiauProvince,BBKSDARiau,LIPI,SMF&PandtheUniversityofRiau(UR).

• AnMoUonResearchandTechnologyDevelopment (RTD)wassignedbyKyotoUniversity,IndonesiaUNESCOMABProgrammeNationalCommittee,UR,andSMF

• A study on forming a Conservation Village Model in Tasik Betung village in the GSK BRlandscapewasconductedbySMF&PandFKKMRiau(anIndonesianNGO)

• TheIndonesianUNESCOMABNationalCommitteeadoptedtheProposedGSKBR

• GSKBRwasofficiallydesignatedbytheInternationalCoordinatingCouncil(ICC)oftheManandtheBiosphere(MAB)Programme,UNESCO

• Letters of Recognition were awarded by UNESCO Jakarta Office to the Chairman of LIPI,MinisterofForestry,theMinisterofEnvironment,theGovernorofRiau,andtheCEOofSinarMasForestry(SMF)fortheircontributionleadingtoICC/UNESCOMABapprovaloftheGSKBR

• MappingofkeystakeholdersandrolesinGSKBRwasundertakeninthe3Zones(CoreArea,BufferZone,andTransitionArea)


2010• TheCoordinatingBoardfortheCo-ManagementofGSKBRwasformallyformedthrougha

RiauGovernor’sDecree(Kpts.No.920/V/2010)

• ApilotprojectonthecultureofLabi-labi(SoftshellTurtle)wasundertakenjointlybySMF&PandSiakCerdas(alocalNGO)

2011• AnActionPlan forGSKBRManagement (2012-2014)waspreparedby theCoordinating

BoardfortheCo-ManagementofGSKBR.

• ALong-TermGSKBRManagementandOperationsPlan(2012-2021)waspreparedbyaJointTeamledbyBBKSDARiau.

• AnEcosystemRestorationLicenseapplicationwassubmittedbyPTDexterTimberPerkasa

Indonesia(apartnerofSMF)totheIndonesianGovernment.

• AnAgreementontheManagementandProtectionoftheGSKBRCoreAreawassignedbySMF&PandBBKSDARiau.

• AstudyonthenutrientcontentoftheLabi-labi(Softshellturtle)wasjointlyundertakenbyLIPIandSMF.

• AcomprehensivebiodiversityassessmentofGSKBRwasconductedjointlybySMFandLIPI.

• MonitoringofflagshipspecieswasconductedbyLIPI,KyotoUniversity,UR,andSMF&P• AProposedEcotourismMasterPlanforGSKBRwaspreparedbySMF&PandconsultantIdeA.

• HydrologyandwatermanagementstudieswereconductedbyKyotoUniversity,UR,andSMF&P.

2012• A study on fishermen communities

in peatlands for monitoring GSK BRconditionswasundertakenby SMF&PandLaksanaSamudera(aRiauNGO)

• A Pilot project on freshwater fish(Baung)culturewasstartedinTemiangvillage, Bengkalis District by SMF&PandtheIslamicUniversityofRiau(UIR)

• APilotprojectonfreshwaterfish(Selaisand Baung) culture was initiated inTasik Betung village, Siak District bySMF&PandUIR

BACKGROUND MILESTONESBACKGROUND MILESTONES


BASIC FUNCTIONS

Landscape for ECOSySTEM AND

GENETIC CONSERVATION

Resource for SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC AND

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Natural Laboratory for RESEARCH, TRAINING AND

EDUCATION

We envision GSK BR Landscape Management Unit (LMU):

• BecomingamodelBiosphereReserveinIndonesia,andintheworld;

• Demonstratingasuccessfulco-managementapproachledbytheprivatesector,togetherwithvariousstakeholdergroups;and

• Highlighting sustainability-in-practice through a proven illustration of harmonizing theobjectivesofeconomicdevelopment,environmentalconservation,andsocialresponsibilityinalandscapesetting.

VISION


SINAR MAS FORESTRY – SPEARHEADING SUSTAINABLE BIOSPHERE RESERVE CO-MANAGEMENT

Since2003,SinarMasForestryandPartners(SMF&P)havebeenseriouslypursuingtheformalestablishmentofatrulyfunctionalBiosphereReserveatalandscapescaleinIndonesia,followingtheconceptoftheUNESCOManandtheBiosphere(MAB)Programme.ThiswaspartofSMF&P’sinitiative to spearhead sustainability-in-action by responsibly managing Indonesia’s naturalresources,particularly forests, in response todevelopment,conservation, industryand trade,andsocial issuesofnationaland internationalurgencysuchasGlobalWarmingandClimateChange,deforestationandforestdegradation,scarcityofwater,pollution,amongothers.

AfterundertakingaseriesoffieldsurveyswithAPPandconsultationswithrelevantinstitutions,SMF&Pdecidedtopooltogetherover72,000hectaresofnaturalproductionforestconcessioninapeatlandarea inRiauProvince, Sumatra, Indonesia,whichwas later integratedwith theexistingGiamSiakKecilWildlifeReserve(84,967Ha)andBukitBatuWildlifeSanctuary(21,500Ha),tobecomethenewly-constituted178,722-hectareCoreAreaoftheGSKBR.

Hence,thecombinedGSKBRCoreAreabecameasufficientlylargeandcontiguousarea,providedessentialinter-connectedwildlifecorridors,andenhancedtheoverallHighConservationValue(HCV)oftheBiosphereReservelandscape.

By incorporating further the 222,426–Ha Buffer Zone, which consists largely of industrialpulpwoodplantationforestsmanagedbySMF&P;andthe304,123–HaTransitionArea,whichismadeupmostlyofoilpalmplantationestates,small-holderfarms,andvillages,theGSKBRLandscapeManagementUnit(LMU)coversanaggregateareaof705,271Ha.

SMF&PlatercollaboratedcloselywithconcernedpublicandprivatestakeholdergroupstowardsdevelopingandmanagingtheGSKBR.Anumberofjointresearchandtechnologydevelopment,community engagement and empowerment, institutional arrangements, and conservationactivitieshavebeeninitiated.Althoughshowinghighlyencouragingresultssofar,therearestillsomanythingsthatneedtobedone.

SMF&PtakesprideinthefactthattheGSKBRisthefirsteverco-managedBiosphereReserveintheworld,inwhichtheprivatesector(SMFandPartners)istakingtheleadershipinthepublic-privatepartnershipinvolvinglocal,national,andinternationalparties.

MILESTONES - SUMMARY

1. Integrated Strategic Management Plan implemented2. Multi-Purpose Field Camp built and made operational3. Preliminary Nature Tourism Program implemented4. Research, training and educational visits intensified 5. Forest Restoration area – 70 Ha (interim target) planted6. Ecosystem Restoration license of PT Dexter TPI obtained

2009 2010 2012 2013

1. GSK BR officially designated by ICC/MAB Programme, UNESCO2. Research and technology application intensified

3. Institutional arrangement established4. Community Empowerment Program initiated

5. Floral and faunal diversity unraveled6. Social conflicts and illegal activities significantly reduced

7. Multi-Purpose Field Station prepared8. Improved livelihood technologies piloted in 3 target villages

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

20. Environmental Services (Nature tourism, water, carbon, etc)

recommendations developed21. Research and Monitoring developed

19. Zero illegal activities in the Buffer Zone

15. Flagship Floral and Faunal Description developed16. All SMF&P FMUs inside the Buffer Zone are SFM certified17. Zero illegal activities in the Core Area 18. All 53 villages benefited by the CEPs

14. 30 villages benefited by the Community Empowerment Programs (CEP)

12. Partnership Fund established 13. 12 villages benefited by the Community Empowerment Programs

7. More national and international linkages established8. Pilot REDD+ Project in GSK BR initiated 9. Streamlined Coordinating Management Board adopted10. GSK BR Landscape Management Unit (LMU) and business entity legalized 11. More scientific and research institutions participating

MILESTONES IN THE SUSTAINABLE CO-MANAGEMENT OF GSK BR


TARGET MILESTONES BY KEY RESULT AREA

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENTa. IntegratedStrategicManagementPlanimplementedin2014b. Multi-PurposeFieldStationfinishedandmadeoperationalin2014c. NewCoordinatingManagementBoardadoptedin2015d. LMUandbusinessentitylegallyregisteredin2015e. PartnershipFundestablishedin2016

ECO-BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONa. Morenationalandinternationalscientificandresearchinstitutions participatingby2015b. Newspeciesandmajorfindingsontheecologyandbiodiversitydocumented, presented,andpublishedin2015c. FlagshipFloralandFaunalSpeciesDescriptioncompletedin2018

FOREST PROTECTIONa. ZeroillegalactivitiesinsidetheCoreArea–achievedby2018b. ZeroillegalactivitiesinsidetheBufferZone–achievedby2019

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTSa. AllSMFandpartnerFMUsinsidetheBufferZonearecertifiedfor SustainableForestManagement–achievedin2018

REFORESTATIONa. PioneeringEcosystemRestorationlicenseforPTDexterTimber PerkasaIndonesiaobtainedin2014b. ForestRestorationarea–70Ha(interimtarget)plantedby2014. AssessmentReportdonein2014c. ForestRestorationprojectculminatedby2020.

ECOSYSTEM VALUES AND SERVICESa. Hydro-Ecology •Studiesandtechnologydevelopmentonhydro-ecology Intensifiedby2015 •Watermanagementrecommendationsdevelopedby2020

b. CarbonSink •PilotREDD+Projectinitiatedin2015 •Carbonmanagementrecommendationsdevelopedby2020

c. NatureTourism •PreliminaryNatureTourismProgrampreparedandimplementedin2014 •NatureTourismProgramsocializedamonglocalcommunitiesin2014 •NatureTourismstafftrainedin2015 •NatureTourismvisitsitescompletedin2018 •Visitsespeciallyresearchers,teachers,andstudentstoGSKBR intensifiedstarting2014 •SocialandenvironmentalimpactsoftheNatureTourismProgram minimizedstarting2015

D. NaturalLaboratoryforResearchandEducation •Research,trainingandeducationalvisitsintensifiedstarting2014 •Morescientificandresearchinstitutionsparticipatingby2015

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND EMPOWERMENT a. Improvedtechnologiespilotedin3targetvillagesby2014b. NumberofcommunitiesreachedandbenefitedbytheCommunity EmpowermentPrograms-12villagesin2016,plus30villagesin2017,and 11villagesin2018(totalof53orallofthevillagesinsideGSKBR)

GOVERNANCE, LINKAGES AND COMMUNICATIONS a. Morenationalandinternationallinkagesestablishedstarting2015b. InternationalRecognitionforGSKBRLMU–achievedby2018

TARGET MILESTONES BY KEY RESULT AREA


1. BIODIVERSITY ASSETSa. Flora -195plantsspeciesin59familiesand113genera,including173treespecies - 29protectedplantspeciesunderIUCNRedList,CITESAppendices,andIndonesian

LawsandRegulations - 3OrchidSpeciesprotected(2speciesinIUCNRedList,3listedinCITESAppendix1)

b. Fauna - 46mammalspecies - 159speciesofbirds - 30fishspecies - 11reptilespecies - 162mothspecies

Note:Listing of key floral and faunal species in pages 17 - 20

2. CARBON STOCK

Inapreliminaryassessment,the72,000-HanaturalproductionforestthatwasintegratedintotheGSKBRCoreAreawasfoundtocontainaforestbiomassof44.3milliontonnesCO2(estimaterange:28to58milliontonnesCO2).Thus,atanaveragerateof615tonnesCO2perhectare,theentireCoreAreacanbesaidtoholdabout110milliontonnesCO2aboveground.

Thepeatsoilcontainsupto1.71billiontonnesCO2(estimaterange:1.3to2.1billiontonnesCO2).Thiscorrespondsto23,750tonnesCO2perhectare,ormorethan4.24billiontonnesCO2underground.ThisamountofCO2thatisstoredundergroundisalmost40timestheCO2thatisheldaboveground.

MILESTONES ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS


TheselargeamountsofCO2couldotherwisebereleasedtotheatmosphereandcontributetoGlobalWarmingandClimateChange,ifandwhenthepeatforestisclearedandconvertedintonon-forestcover.

3. PILOT TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS FOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

a. PeatwatertreatmentfordomesticconsumptioninTanjungLebanvillage,BengkalisDistrict;thefacilityisbeingrunbythevillagersthemselves

b. PilotcultureofLabi-labi,anativesoft-shelledturtle,fortheproductionofhealthfoodsupplement

• ArecentstudyfoundLabi-labi(Amydacartilaginea,Pelochelyscantori)tobearich sourceofOmega-3,fattyacids,andlecithinwhichareimportantelementsinhuman healthdevelopment

c. Biofuel(ethanol)productionfrommangiumandsengontrees,andoilpalm

d. APilotprojectonfreshwaterfish(BaungandLele)cultureinTemiangvillage,BengkalisDistrict

e. APilotprojectonfreshwaterfish(SelaisandBaung)cultureinTasikBetungvillage,SiakDistrict

f. Pilotnon—timberforestproductutilization(Sialangbeehoney,gaharu,jelutunglatex)

MILESTONES ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS

MILESTONE QUOTES

“The GSK BR represents a ‘demonstrated commitment of Sinar Mas Forestry in marrying biodiversity conservation and

sustainable use of forest resources.’”

Dr N IshwaranDirector, Ecological and Earth Sciences and Secretary,

UNESCO MAB Programme (8 November 2011)

“ We have seen considerable progress in the conduct of basic and applied research on such vital natural heritage, building up

linkages and collaboration among national and international parties, adopting innovative techniques in ecosystem

management that lead to sound natural resource conservation, promoting the well-being of local communities, and ultimately,

fostering sustainable development.”

Prof Dr Bambang PrasetyaChairperson of the Indonesian UNESCO MAB National Committee, and Deputy of Life Sciences, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). 2010

“This GSK BR Project fits well with Green Riau, our roadmap towards sustainable development, and supports

our agenda for MDGs, particularly on improving the socio-economy, health, education, and general

well-being of our people.

In this regard, the GSK BR forms a vital natural resource and laboratory for learning about carbon sink and

how it can be tapped to redound to better socio-economic condition of the local communities while preserving

the natural environment.”

DR HM Rusli ZainalGovernor, Riau Province. 2013


“The GSK BR is a solid demonstration of “sustainable development in action. I laud the efforts of the private sector in taking the initiative, and linking up

with other relevant stakeholders to implement the GSK BR Master Plan.”

Ir Ahmad SaeroziHead, Natural Resources Conservation Agency of Riau (BBKSDA Riau). 2013

“We consider GSK BR as our most important initiative yet in sustaining our social investments

so that our partners in the local communities are benefitted on a lasting basis, enhancing the ecosystem and

natural heritage values, and in fostering sustainable management of

our natural resources.”

Mr. Canecio P MuñozExecutive Director, Environment and Stakeholder Relations

Sinar Mas Forestry. 2013

FLORAL DIVERSITY

English Name (if any)/Indonesian Name (if any), Scientific Name, Family Name, Conservation and Protection Status – comment on the significance of the species If any)

I – Included in the IUCN Red List: EX – Extinct, EW = Extinct in the Wild, CR – Critically Endangered, EN – Endangered, VU – Vulnerable, NT – Near Threatened, LC – Least Concern. “Threatened” species covers CR, EN and VU. DD means Data Deficient hence, Conservation Status has not yet been assessed.

C - Listed in CITES Appendix I (List of species that are threatened with extinction thus, international trade is prohibited except for permitted non-commercial e.g. scientific research, purposes; Appendix II (List of species that are likely to become extinct if international trade is not controlled thus, regulated export may be allowed, and Appendix III (List of species the trade of which is already regulated by CITES member countries, and they need the cooperation of other member countries to prevent their unsustainable or illegal exploitation.

U – Protected Species listed under Indonesian Laws and Regulations

• 195plantsspeciesin59familiesand113genera(173treespecies)• 29protectedplantspeciesunderIUCN:8Endangered(EN),2Vulnerable(VU),1Near

Threatened(NT),and11LeastConcerned(LC)Species.7ProtectedSpeciesunderIndonesianlawsandregulations

1. OleanderTree/Jelutung.Dyera costulata (Apocynaceae)[I-LC]2. Ramin.Gonystylus bancanus (Thymelaeaceae)[I-EN,C-II]3. Gaharu.Aquilaria malaccensis.(Thymelaeaceae)[C-II]4. Para.Aglaia ignea (Meliaceae)[I-EN]5. MerantiBakau/MerantiBatu.Shorea uliginosa (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]6. Anisoptera costata (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]7. Shorea parvifolia (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]8. MerantiBunga.Shorea teysmanniana (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]9. Sloanea sp (Bombacaceae)[I-EN]10. Rasak.Vatica rassak (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]11. Vatica umbonata (Dipterocarpaceae)[I-EN]12. Pulai.Alstonia pneumatophora (Apocynaceae)[I-LC]13. Bintangur/Nyamplung.Calophyllum pulcherimum (Calophyllaceae)14. Bintangur.Calophyllum soulattri (Calophyllaceae)15. Terentang.Campnosperma coriaceum (Anacardiaceae)16. Geronggang.Cratoxylon arborescens (Hypericaceae)17. Keranji.Dialium indum (Mimosaceae)18. DurianBurong.Durio carinatus (Bombacaceae)19. Santiria laevigata (Burseraceae)20. Punak.Tetramerista glabra (Theaceae)21. Bangku/Ketiau.Ganua motleyana (Sapotaceae)22. Knema sp.(Myristicaceae)23. Sialang/Kempas/Mengris.Koompassia excelsa (Mimosaceae)[I-CD]24. Balam/Jongkang.Palaquium leiocarpum (Sapotaceae)25. SuntaiHitam.Palaquium burckii (Sapotaceae)26. RedPalm/SealingWaxPalm/PinangMerah.Cyrtostachys lakka (Arecaceae)[U]27. PaleChandelierOrchid.Acryopsis cf. javanica (Orchidaceae)[I-VU,C-I]–now known as

Acriopsis emarginata28. BoatOrchid/Anggerek.Cymbidium sp (Orchidaceae)[I-VU,C-I,U]29. GiantOrchid/TigerOrchid/AnggerekTebu.Grammatophyllum speciosum (Orchidaceae)[C-I,U]30. PitcherPlant/KantongSemar/Sumboi-sumboi.Nephentes spp (Nepenthaceae)[C-II,U]

MILESTONE QUOTES


FAUNAL DIVERSITY FAUNAL DIVERSITY

• 46mammalspecies(23protectedunderIUCNRedList;12underCITES;11speciesprotectedunderIndonesianlawsandregulations)

• 162mothspecies

Carnivora Group1. SumatranTiger/HarimauSumatera.Panthera tigris sumatrae (Felidae) [I-CR,C-1,U]–

endemic to Sumatra2. SunBear/BeruangMadu.Helarctos malayanus (Ursidae)[I-VU,C-I,U]3. MalayCivet/Tenggarong.Viverra tangalunga (Viverridae) [I-LC]4. FishingCat/Macan.Prionailurus viverrinus (Felidae) [I-EN,C-II,U]5. LeopardCat.Prionailurus bengalensis (Felidae)[I-LC,C-II] 6. AsianleopardCat/MacanBatu.Felis bengalensis (Felidae)[I-LC,C-I]7. CloudedLeopardCat/MacanDahan.Neofelis nebulosa (Felidae)[I-VU,C-I,U]8. SmallCoatedOtter/Berang-berangBuluLicin/AnjingAir.Lutragale perspicillata (Mustelidae)

[I-VU,C-II]9. SmallIndianCivet/MusangRase.Viverricula indica(Viverridae)[I-LC,C-III]10. PalmCivet/Luwak.Paradoxurus hermaphrodites (Viverridae)[I-LC,C-III,U]11. Linsang/MusangCongkok.Prionodon linsang (Viverridae)[C-II,U]

Elephas Group1. SumatranElephant/GajahSumatera.Elephas maximus sumatranus (Elephantidae) [I-CR,C-I,

U] –endemic to Sumatra

Primata Group 1. AgileGibbon/Siamang/Ongko.Hylobates agilis(Hylobatidae)[I-EN,C-I,U]2. Crab-eatingMacaque/Long-TailedMacaque/Kera/MonyetEkorPanjang.Macaca fascicularis

(Cercopithecidae) [I-LC,C-II]3. SouthernPig-tailedMacaque/Beruk.Macaca nemestrina (Cercopithecidae) [I-VU,C-II]4. GreaterSlowLoris.Nycticebus coucang (Lorisidae) [I-VU,C-I,U]5. Siamang.Symphalangus syndactalus [I-VU,C-II,U]6. WesternTarsier/BinatangHantu.Tarsius bancanus bancanus [I-VU,C-II,U]7. JavanLutung.Trachypithecus auratus (Cercopithecidae) [I-VU,C-II,U]8. White-thighSurili.Presbytis siamensis (Cercopithecidae) [I-NT,C-I,U]9. Silver-leafMonkey/LutungKelabu.Trachypithecus cristatus (Cercopithecidae)[C-II]

Cetartiodactyla Group 1. BarkingDeer/Kijang.Muntiacus muntjak (Cervidae)[I-LC,C-II,U]2. SambarDeer/RusaSambar/Payau.Cervus unicolor (Cervidae)[I-VU,C-II,U]3. JavanMousedeer/JavanChevrotain/PelandukKancil.Tragulus javanicus (Tragulidae)[I-DD,

U]4. Napu/GreaterMousedeer/MalayChevrotain.Tragulus napu (Tragulidae)[I-LC,U]5. LesserOrientalChevrotain/Kanchil.Tragulus kanchil (Tragulidae) [I-LC,U]6. BeardedPig/BabiBerjanggut.Sus barbatus (Suidae) [I-VU,C-II]7. WildBoar/BabiHutan.Sus scrofa (Suidae) [I-LC,C-II]

Perissodactyla Group1. Tapir.Tapirus indicus (Tapiridae) [I-EN,C-I,U]

Herpetofauna –15speciesoffrogs,11lizards,21snakes,9turtles,and2crocodiles1. Skink/Kadal.Riopa ophisthorhodum(Scincidae)–endemic species to Sumatra2. SouthernRiverTerrapin/KuraKura.Batagur affinis (Geoemydidae)[I-CE,C-I,U]3. Asiannarrow-headedsoftshellturtle/KuraKura. Chitra chitra (Trionychidae) [I–CE,C-I,U]4. EstuarineCrocodile/BuayaMuara.Crocodylus porosus (Crocodylidae) [I-LC,C-II,U]5. FalseGharial/BuayaSenyulong.Tomistoma schlegelli (Crocodylidae) [I-EN,C-I,U]6. WaterMonitorLizard/Biawak.Varanus salvator (Varanidae)[I-LC,C-II]7. ReticulatedPython/UlarSawah.Python reticulatus (Pythonidae) [C-II]8. RiverSoftshellTurtle/Labi-labi.Amyda cartilaginea (Trionychidae)[I-VU,C-II]9. BorneanRiverTurtle.Orlitia borneensis (Bataguridae)[I-EN,C-II,U]10. SpinyTurtle.Heosemys spinosa (Geoemydidae) [I-EN,C-II]11. BoxTurtle/KuraKuraAmbon.Cuora amboinensis (Geoemydidae) [I-VU,C-II]12. GiantSoftshellTurtle/Labi-labi. Pelochelys cantorii (Trionychidae) [I-EN,C-II] 13. BlackMarshTurtle.Siebenrockiella crassicollis (Geoemydidae) [I-VU,C-II]14. PeatSwampToad/KodokBuduk.Pseudobufo subasper (Bufonidae)[I-LC]15. BandedCoralSnake/UlarCabe.Maticora intestinalis (Elapidae)16. Wagler’sPitViper/UlarViper.Tropidolaemus wagleri (Viperidae)[C-II]17. KingCobra.Naja sp.(Elapidae)[C-II]

Scadentia Group1. CommonTreeShrew/TupaiPohon.Tupaia glis (Tupaiidae) [I-LC,C-II]2. LargeTreeShrew/TupaiTanah.Tupaia tana (Tupaiidae)[I-LC,C-II]

Rodentia Group1. BlackStripedTreeSquirrel/Tupai.Callosciurus nigrovittatus (Scuiridae)[I-NT]2. SpinyRat.Maxomys sp (Muridae)[I-VU]3. Whitehead’sSpinyRat.Maxomys whiteheadi (Muridae) [I-VU]4. Temminck’sFlyingSquirrel.Petinomys setosus (Sciuridae) [I-VU]5. PaleGiantSquirrel.Ratufa affinis (Sciurudae)[I-NT,C-II,U]6. GiantSundaRat/Muller’sSundamys/TikusSunda.Sundamys muelleri (Muridae) [I-LC]7. Three-StripedGroundSquirrel/BajingTanahBergaris. Lariscus insignis (Sciuridae)[I-LC,U]8. MalayanPorcupine/Landak.Hystrix brachyura (Hystricidae)[I-LC,U]

Eulypotyphla Group1. SundaShrew/TupaiSunda.Crocidura monticola(Soricidae)[I-LC]

Chiroptera Group1. Spotted-wingedFruitBat.Balionycteris maculata (Pteropodidae) [I-LC]–the smallest fruit bat

in the world2. LesserShort-NosedFruitBat.Cynopterus brachyotis (Pteropididae) [I-LC]–endemic to

Indonesia3. GreaterShort-NosedFruitBat.Cynopterus sphinx (Pteropodidae)[I-LC]–endemic to

Indonesia4. IndonesianShort-NosedFruitBat.Cynopterus tithaecheilus (Pteropodidae)[I-LC]–endemic

to Indonesia5. GiantFruitBat/LargeFlyingFox/KalongKapauk.Pteropus vampyrus (Pteorpodidae)[I-LC,

C-II]

GIAM SIAK K SPHERE RESERVE20

Pholidota Group1. Sunda Pangolin/Trenggiling. Manis javanica (Manidae) [I-EN, C-II, U]Dermoptera Group1. Sunda Flying Lemur/Sunda Colugo/Kubung Sunda/Walangkekes/Tando. Cynocephalus

variegates (Cynocephalidae) [I-LC, C-II, U]

Avifauna – a total of 159 species including waders & migratory birds in seasonal lakes - 17 species in CITES App II, 2 species Rare

1. Great Hornbill/Rangkong Papan/Enggang Papan. Buceros bicornis (Bucerotidae) [I-NT, C-I, U] 2. Great Heron/Great Egret/Bangau. Ardea spp (Ardeidae) [I-LC, U]3. Reef Egret/Kuntul Karang. Egretta sacra (Ardeidae) [I-LC, U]4. Intermediate Egret/Kuntul Perak. Egretta intermedia (Ardeidae) [I-LC, U]5. Wandering Whistling Duck/Belibis Kembang. Dendrocygna arcuata (Anatidae) [I-LC, C-II]6. Garganey/itik Jurai. Anas querquedula (Anatidae) [I-LC, C-II]7. Black Hornbill/Enggang Hitam/Kangkareng Hitam/Kekek. Anthracoceros malayanus

(Bucerotidae) [I-NT, C-II]8. Sunda Wrinkled Hornbill/Burung Tahun/Julang Jambul-hitam. Aceros corrugates

(Bucerotidae) [I-NT, C-II]9. Long-Tailed Parakeet/Betet Ekor Panjang. Psittacula longicauda (Psittacidae) [I-NT, C-II]10. Bulbul/Kutilang/Cucakrawa. Pycnonotus spp (Pycnonotidae) [I-LC, C-II]11. Green Pigeon/Tekukur/Punai. Treron spp (Columbidae) [I-LC]12. Jawa/Cekakak Belukar. Halcyon spp (Alcedinidae) [I-LC]13. Stork/Bangau. Ciconia stormi (Ciconiidae) [C-II] – has become a Rare Species14. Enggang. Rhyticeros corrugatus (Bucerotidae) – has become a Rare Species15. Elang Alap Cina. Accipiter soloensis (Bucerotidae) [C-II, U]16. Elang Alap Jambul. Accipiter trivirgatus (Bucerotidae) [C-II, U]17. Elang Alap Jepang. Accipiter gularis (Bucerotidae) [C-II, U]18. Kangkareng Perut Putih. Anthracoceros albirostris (Bucerotidae) [C-II]19. Elang Brontok. Spizaetus cirrhatus (Bucerotidae) [C-II]

Aquatic Fauna – 30 freshwater species recorded, including:1. Snakehead Fish/Ikan Gabus/Haruan/Sapat/Serandang/Toman. Channa spp (Channidae) 2. Ikan Kepar/Selinca. Ballontia hasseltii 3. Striped Glass Selais Hujan. Kryptopterus macrocephalus (Siluridae) [I-LC]4. Ikan Baung. Macrones nemurus (Bagridae)]5. Walago Tapah/Ikan Patin. Wallago attu (Siluridae) [I-NT] –

high price and delicious taste)6. Lele. Clarias spp (Clariidae) 7. Climbing Fish/Climbing Gourame/Ikan Betok. Anabas testudinieus (Anabantidae) [I-DD]8. Betta Fish/Rasbora Fish/Ikan Seluang/Bade/Mengkarik/Pantau. Rasbora spp (Cyprinidae) -

9. Ikan Sepat Rawa/Ikan Gourame. Trichogaster spp (Belontiidae) – 10. Red-Tail Goldern Arwana/Arwana Asia/Seluk Emas/Kayangan. Scleropages formosus

(Osteoglossidae ) [I-NT, C-I, U] – ecosystem

11. Ikan Belida. Notopterus notopterus () [U] – from the ecosystem)

12. Kissing Gourame/Ikan Mujair. Helostoma temminckii (Helostomatidae) - domesticated

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