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Malware Rules The Environment Of Computer System

We Are The Devils Of Your Computer System

What Is Malware?

Malware is a software designed to harm or secretly access a computer system without the owner's informed consent.

Malware, short for malicious software,also known as pestware.

In general term used by computer professionals to mean a variety of forms of hostile, intrusive, or annoying software or program code.

Types Of Malwares

Virus

Trojan Horse

Spyware

Adware

Rootkits

Crimeware

Scareware

Lets Introduce The Common Ones...

VIRUS:

A computer virus is a small program written to alter the way a computer operates, without the permission or knowledge of the user. With an ability to replicate itself, thus continuing to spread. Also, known as Malicious Software, a program that can cause damage to a computer.The computer viruses can damage or corrupt data, modify existing data, or degrade the performance of the system by utilizing resources such as memory or disk space. It may spread over a network (internet), carried it on a removable medium such as a Floppy disk, CD/DVD Drive, USB Drive.

Classification of Computer viruses:

Boot sector virus

Master Boot Record (MBR) virus

File infector virus

Multipartite virus

Macro virus

BOOT SECTOR VIRUS:

Boot sector viruses generally hide in the boot sector, either in the bootable disk or the hard drive.

It attaches itself to the primary active partition of the hard disk that is read by the computer upon boot up.

MASTER BOOT RECORD VIRUS:

MBR viruses are memory-resident viruses that infect disks in the same manner as boot sector viruses. However it, infects the MBR of the system, gets activated when the BIOS activates the Master boot code. MBR infectors normally save a legitimate copy of the master boot record in an different location.

File Infector Virus:

File Infector viruses infect program files. Normally infect executable code, such as .COM, .SYS, .BAT and .EXE files. They can infect other files when an infected program is run from floppy, hard drive, or from the network. Many of these viruses are memory resident. After memory becomes infected, any uninfected executable file that runs becomes infected.

E.g. Snow.A, Jerusalem, Cascade.

Macro Virus:

Macro are mini-programs which make it possible to automate series of operations so that they are performed as a single action, thereby saving the user from having to carry them out one by one.Macro viruses infect files that are created using certain applications or programs that contain macros.They are platform-independent since the virus itself are written in language of the application and not the operating system.They infect documents created from Microsoft Office Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Access files.

E.g.W97M.Melissa,Bablas,WM.NiceDay,W97M.Groov.

Trojan Horse

Trojan horses are impostors that claim to be something desirable but, in fact, are malicious. Trojan horse programs do not replicate themselves. Trojan horses contain malicious code that when triggered cause loss, or even theft, of data. E.g. Trojan.VundoRetrieving users critical information. i.e. name, password.Erasing or overwriting data on a computer.Spying on a user to gather his information like browsing habits, sites visited etc.

WORMS

Worms are programs that replicate themselves from system to system without the use of a host file. The worms are spread through networks like LAN, WAN and also through Internet. There are various ways by which a worm spreads, through Internet like E-mails, Messaging and Chats.Worms almost always cause harm to the network, like consuming network bandwidth.E.g.W32.Mydoom.AX@mm

SPYWARE:It is a type of malware that can be installed on computers, and which collects small pieces of information about users without their knowledge. The presence of spyware is typically hidden from the user, and can be difficult to detect. Typically, spyware is secretly installed on the user's personal computer.

ADWARE:It is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertisements to a computer. It is a type of malware which steals information. Example Bonzi Buddy, an application marketed as an "Intelligent Software Agent", corrupted many of the user's system files, forcing the display of many obscene advertisements.

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ANTIVIRUS

An antivirus software is a computer program that identify and remove computer viruses, and other malicious software like Worms and Trojans from an infected computer. Not only this, an antivirus software also protects the computer from further virus attacks.

We should regularly run an antivirus program to scan and remove any possible virus attacks from a computer.

Anti-spyware

They can provide real time protection against the installation of spywares on the computer. This type of spyware protection works the same way as that of anti-virus protection. It scans and blocks all incoming network threats as it comes across. It can be used solely for detection and removal of spyware that has already been installed into the computer. Anti-spyware scans the contents of the windows registry, operating system files, and installed programs on the computer and will provide a list of any threats found.

How An Antivirus Works...

Using dictionary Approach:

The antivirus software examines each and every file in a computer and examines its content with the virus definitions stored in its virus dictionary.

A virus dictionary is an inbuilt file belonging to an antivirus software that contains code identified as a virus by the antivirus authors.

Using Suspicious Behavior Approach:

Antivirus software will constantly monitors the activity of all the programs.

If any program tries to write data on an executable file, the antivirus software will flag the program having a suspicious behavior, means the suspected program will be marked as a virus.

The advantage of this approach is that it can safeguard the computer against unknown viruses also.

The disadvantage is that it may create several false alerts too.

Virus Updates

Providing regular updates for the virus dictionary. An antivirus program should provide free virus updates on a periodic basis.

With the current outburst in macro and script-based viruses, virus updates that address the latest threats are essential.

Most commercial antivirus software in todays scenario provide virus updates on daily basis.

What to do on Suspecting Virus attack?

Disconnect the suspected computer system from the Internet as well as from the Local Network.

Start the system in Safe Mode or from the Windows boot disk, if it displays any problem in starting.

Take backup of all crucial data to an external drive.

Install antivirus software if you do not have it installed.

Now, download the latest virus definitions updates from the internet.

Perform a full system scan.

Virus found!!

Repair

Quarantine

Delete

Rename

Ignore

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