Virtualization Technology

Primer

Anne Skamarock, Research Director

Barb Goldworm, President & Chief Analyst

Speaker Bios

• Barb Goldworm, President and chief analyst, Focus – 30 years in systems, software, and storage

Software Architecture/Development, Systems Engineering, Tech Support, Education, Marketing, Sales, Senior

Management

– IBM, StorageTek, Novell, Enterprise Management Associates, multiple successful startups

• Anne Skamarock, Research Director– 28 years in systems, software, and storage

End-user, System Administrator, Software Engineer, Education, Marketing, Architect, Manager

– SRI, Sun Microsystems, Solbourne, Enterprise Management Associates

• Authors

– Blade Servers and Virtualization: Transforming Enterprise Computing While Cutting Costs

and numerous Research Reports, White Papers and Columns

– Expert Columnist since 1990s – NetworkWorld, ComputerWorld SNWOnline, TechTarget

SearchServerVirtualization, Virtual Strategy Magazine

• Conference Chairs– Interop Virtualization Track

Virtualization Insight at Blade Systems Insight

Server Blade Summit on Blades and Virtualization

Virtualization Primer

• Virtualization Business Drivers

• IT Technology Trends

• Market Analysis

• Virtualization Timeline

• Types of Virtualization

• Virtualization 2.0

• Virtualization and Platform Choices

• Futures

• Conclusions & Recommendations

Virtualization Business Drivers

• Consolidate underutilized HW

• Upgrade aging infrastructure and

migrate older applications onto

more reliable and manageable

hardware and software platforms

• Improve IT agility and ability to

respond to both peak loads and

computing-on-demand

� Reduce space, power, & cooling,

reduce TCO & maximize ROI

� Improve reliability, availability,

serviceability, and scalability

� Reduce costs of managing legacy

hardware and distributed software

� Improve overall resource

management

� Reduce time to bring up new servers,

applications, & users (time-to-

production), improve user service

Financial

Operational

Service Delivery

ROI and TCO

• ROI

– Increased utilization (10% -> 80%)

– Same workload, fewer systems, less overall cost

– Decreased time to production

– Increased availability

• TCO

– Reduce CapEx

• Hardware and software costs

• Cabling costs

– Reduce OpEx

• Reduce ongoing facilities costs

• Reduce ongoing management costs

• Reduce ongoing maintenance costs

Copyright 2007

Focus Consulting

IT Technology Trends

• Systems– Multi-core, more memory, virtualization hardware assists

– Server, workstation & PC blades as modular building blocks

– Desktop changes driving re-evaluation of alternatives/strategy

– Consolidation increases need for availability & fault tolerance

– Move towards going green

• Storage – SANs (FC, iSCSI), NAS

– Storage Virtualization, I/O Virtualization

– Diskless and stateless server options

• Software– Virtualization will become ubiquitous

– Licensing

– Management will be the key issue

Copyright 2007

Focus Consulting

Server Virtualization Market

Source: IDC, 2008

Virtual Machine by Form Factor

–Virtualized servers are typically

not large monolithic systems

–Rather, they are more likely 2-4

way servers that are richly

configured. Blades will play a

future role here

–Blade servers were adopted by

more than one-quarter of the

sample.

•The adoption of blade servers for

virtualization is almost four time

that of the general server market.

Q: How would you describe the [virtual] server form factor?

N=420

Server Form Factor

VMs and Server Blades are the platform for Dynamic IT

Source: 2007 IDC

VMware GSX

Citrix MetaFrame

MS

Virtual

Server

Windows

Server 2008

Hyper -

V

VMware Workstation

VMware ESXVMware

VI3

20082003 2004 2005 2006 20072002

Xen

Open

Source

3.0

MS

acquires

Connectix

MS

acquires

Softricity

Xen Open Source bundled into

Novell SUSE, Red Hat Linux, Virtual

Iron, Oracle VM

MS Xen

agreement

(MetaFrame becomes

Citrix Presentation Server

Citrix Desktop

Broker/Server

and Tarpon

Connectix

Virtual PC

for Windows

MS

Virtual

PCMS

SoftGrid

Microsoft Terminal Services

Provisioning Server,

XenServer, XenDesktop,

XenApp

SunRay Thin Client and SunRay Server Software Sun

XVM

Sun

VDISun Secure Global Desktop

VMware Player

VMware

acquired by

EMC

GSX/

Server

Free

VMware ACE

VMware Fusion

VMware

acquires

Propero

Virtual Desktop

Infrastructure (VDI)

Sun acquires

Tarantella

Citrix

acquires

XenSource

Citrix acquires

Ardence (OS

streaming)

MS Application

Streaming

Viridian

beta

VMware

IPO

SWsoft

VirtuozzoSWsoft &

Parallels MergeVirtual Iron

Parallels

MS

XenDesktop

agreement

VMware

acquires

Thinstall

Virtual

Server &

Virtual PC

For Free

Types of Virtualization

• Network Virtualization– VLANS, VSANS, virtual

NICs, virtual WWNs

• Storage Virtualization– Host, Network, Device

• Systems and Software– Server, Desktop &

Application Virtualization

� Virtualization of all resources into a virtualized infrastructure which enables Agile Dynamic IT

Network VirtualizationNetwork Virtualization

Storage VirtualizationStorage Virtualization

ClusterCluster

Server

Virtualization

Server

Virtualization

VM 1VM 1 VM 2VM 2

Desktop

Virtualization

Desktop

Virtualization

Desktop VM 1Desktop VM 1

Virtual

App

Virtual

App

Systems Virtualization

• Servers

– Hosted Virtualization

– OS Virtualization

– Bare Metal Hypervisors

• Desktops

– Presentation Virtualization aka published desktop/apps

– Virtual Clients (server hosted)

– Virtual Clients (client/PC hosted)

• Applications

– Application virtualization/Isolation

– Application Streaming

Server Virtualization

• Hosted Virtualization

– VMware Workstation/Server

– Microsoft Virtual Server

• OS Virtualization

– SWSoft /Parallels Virtuozzo

– Solaris Containers

• Bare-metal Hypervisor

– VMware ESX, XenServer, Microsoft Hyper-V

Hosted Virtualization

• First, most familiar

• Relies on existing OS

• High overhead

• Driver support from OS

HardwareHardware

Host OSHost OS

Virtualization layerVirtualization layer

VM 1VM 1 VM 2VM 2

OS Virtualization

• Least overhead

• No added I/O overhead.

• Virtual Environment (VE)

can only be the

same as the host OS.

• Support for Windows

Server, Linux, and Solaris.HardwareHardware

Host OSHost OS

OS Virtualization LayerOS Virtualization Layer

Virtual

Environment

Virtual

EnvironmentVirtual

Environment

Virtual

Environment

Virtual

Environment

Virtual

EnvironmentVirtual

Environment

Virtual

Environment

Bare-metal Virtualization

• What people usually mean now when talking

about server virtualization

• No host OS

• Performance with

most flexibility

• Three types of bare-

metal virtualization

Types Of Bare-Metal Virtualization

• Full virtualization – Virtualization done in software layer

– Guest OS has no idea that it is being virtualized• VMware ESX

• Paravirtualization/enlightenment– Guest OS kernel modified for virtualization

• Xen

• Hardware-assisted virtualization– CPU chipset assists with virtualization

• Intel-VT, AMD-V and Xen 3.0

Comparing Bare Metal Approaches

0 2 4 6

OS Virtualization

Hosted Virtualization

Bare-Metal Virtualization

Cost

Flexibility

Performance

Application

File System

Storage

Direct-Attached

Storage (DAS)

Application

File System

Storage

Network

Network-Attached

Storage (NAS)

Application

File System

Storage

Network

Storage Area

Network (SAN)

Server Virtualization and Storage:

DAS, NAS, SAN

Source:

HGAI Fibre Channel or iSCSIIP – CIFS or NFSSCSI

VMware Storage Options

ESX Server

DAS

iSCSI ArrayFibre Channel Array NAS

Comparing Storage Options

Storage

Type Transfers Interface

VMware

data store VMotion RDM

Clustering

VMs

VMware HA

and DRS

SCSI Block access of

data/LUN

SCSI bus VMFS No No No No

Fibre

Channel

Block access of

data/LUNFC HBA

VMFS Yes Yes Yes Yes

iSCSI Block access of

data/LUN

iSCSI HBA

(hardware-

initiated

iSCSI )

NIC

(software-

initiated

iSCSI)

VMFS Yes Yes No Yes

NAS over

NFS

File (no direct

LUN access)

NIC NFS Yes No No Yes

Storage Virtualization

Combine the capacity

from multiple arrays

into a single pool of

storage

Apply common

copy services

across the

storage pool

Manage the storage

pool from a central

point

Make changes to the

storage without

disrupting host

applications

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

VirtualDisk

SAN

SAN Volume Controller

Advanced Copy Services

Storage Pool

HP

EMCDS4000

DS8000

HDS

Virtualization 2.0:

Beyond Consolidation

• Leverage server virtualization SW and expertise

beyond consolidation and development/testing

• Availability and Management –> Dynamic IT High

Availability, Disaster Recovery, Dynamic Resource

Scheduling, Fault Tolerance, policy-based & other

advanced management features

• Virtual Desktops and Applications - Extend beyond

servers to virtual clients and application virtualization

and streaming

Copyright 2007

Focus Consulting

Advanced Management

• Live Migration

• High Availability – failover and PM

• Workload balancing

• Automated peak-load Response

• Storage Virtualization integration

X

Workload Balancing

High Availability

On-Demand Capacity++

Highly Available

On-Demand Computing

Server Virtualization:

Availability Continuum

• Hardware

• Redundant components & Hot Swap

• Redundant systems

• System Fault Tolerance

• Software

• Virtual Resource Pools

• Clustering at virtualization layer

• Clustering guest OS VMs

• Live Migration within resource pool

• Software based Fault Tolerance

Copyright 2007

Focus Consulting

Beyond Server Consolidation:

Desktops & Applications

• What?– Virtual Destkops

- Published destkop/applications – Server Based Computing

- Server Hosted VM Desktops - Virtual Desktop Architecture (VDA)

- Client Hosted – locally or centrally managed

– Application virtualization

• Applicataion Isolation/sandboxing

• Streaming applications for local execution

• Why?– Eliminate/minimize SW on desktop

– Centralize and reduce desktop management

– Reduce application interaction problems

Task Users Mobile UsersKnowledge Workers Power Users

Server-

hosted

Delivery

Client-hosted Desktop

Virtualization

Client-

hosted

Delivery

Desktops/Apps: Use Cases and Technologies

Virtual Desktop

Architecture

PC/

Workstation

Blades

Managed

client-

hosted

Managed

client-

hosted

Application Virtualization

and Streaming

Server-

Based

Computing

Copyright 2008

Focus Consulting

Guest OS

App 1 App 2

Server

Virtual Desktop Architecture

Hypervisor

Guest OS

App 1 App 2

Guest OS

App 1 App 2

Virtu

al D

eskto

ps (VM

s)

User Access Devices

PC

Thin Client

Laptop

App 1 App 2

Server

Multi-User Architecture

App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

PC

Thin Client

Laptop

App 1 App 2

Windows (TS)

XenA

pp/T

erm

inal S

erv

ices S

essio

nsServer Hosted

Client HostedMulti-OS or DeveloperDesktop

Contractor/

Work from Home

Desktop

PC or Workstation

Blades

Vista

Mac OS

XP

Microsoft Virtual PC,

Parallels Desktop,

VMware WorkStation, Player, Fusion

MS Kidaro, VMware ACE,

RingCube MojoPac

Unmanaged

Personal/Contractor

Desktop

Secured/Managed

Virtual Desktop

Linux

ClearCube, HP, IBM, Verari

Virtual Desktop Architecture (VDA)

• Server-hosted, client virtualization

• Each user connects to VM from Thin or Rich Client

• VMs can be customized, user has more control than published apps

• Dedicated or pooled VMs

• Connection broker/manager handles connecting user to VM, Published Apps, Workstation/PC Blade

• Integrates with AD

• Provisioning assistance (templates, golden images)

• New licensing options – MS VECD

Executes on User DevicesData Center

Application Virtualization

Application Virtualization Application Virtualization

Desktop OSDesktop OS

IEIE

MS

Office

2007

MS

Office

2007

MS

Office

2003

MS

Office

2003VisioVisio Adobe

Reader

Adobe

Reader

Local Desktop Virtualization

Desktop VirtualizationDesktop Virtualization

VMVM

XPXP

VMVM

VistaVista

VMVM

Red

Hat

Red

Hat

VMVM

SolarisSolaris

Desktop OSDesktop OS

1 to Many1 to Many

MS

Office

2007

MS

Office

2003

Visio

Adobe

Reader

Web or Streaming Server

Application Packaging/

Sequencing Server

Application Virtualization/Streaming

Selecting a Virtualization Solution

• Virtualization Architecture : performance, flexibility, cost

• SW Platform support: server, desktop, apps, guest OS

• High Availability options: clustering -> fault tolerance

• Management: integration with physical, OS, apps mgmt, advanced mgmt features

• HW Platform support: hardware assists, memory, storage, networking, scalability, RAS

Software Choices:

x86 Server Virtualization

• VMware – ESX, Virtual Infrastructure 3, Virtual Center, HA,

DRS, DPM, VMotion, Storage VMotion, Site Recovery Manager,

Server, Workstation, Player, ACE, Fusion, Thinstall

• Microsoft – Virtual Server 2005 R2, Windows Server 2008

Hyper-V , Virtual PC, Kidaro, Application Virtualization

(SoftGrid), VMM, Windows Server 2008 Terminal Services

• Citrix – XenServer, XenDesktop, XenApp, Server and Desktop

Provisioning Technologies,

• Xen Open Source – Novell SUSE, Red Hat, Virtual Iron, Oracle

VM, Sun xVM

Future: Virtualization 2.0 & Beyond

• Hypervisors everywhere, including embedded/bundled in hardware

• Advances in HW virtualization assists - improving performance

• Virtualization used for HA/DR/BC

• Expanding to Desktop & Application Virtualization

• Virtual clients expanding beyond niche solutions

• App virtualization & streaming addressing software/license mgmt

• Increased focus on security issues

• VM Life cycle management addressing virtual sprawl

• VM Performance, Capacity Planning, Monitoring emerging market

• Licensing changes to address virtual world

� Management will become the key issueCopyright 2007

Focus Consulting

Recommendations

• If you haven’t already started virtualizing, start

evaluating, gaining experience now

– Hypervisors, live migration, resource pooling, HA, virtual clients,

application virtualization and streaming

• Avoid silos – build cross-functional teams

– Server, desktop, storage, networking, facilities

• Consider getting expert help

– Vendors, channel, consultants

• Consider big picture

– Total costs, RAS, power and space, licensing, performance,

management, security, policies, organizational issues Copyright 2007

Focus Consulting

Focus Resources

• Columns and webcasts

• Blade Servers and Virtualization

– Assessing Your Needs, System Software Considerations,

Differentiating & Selecting Solutions, Features Matrices

• Focus Research Reports

– Focus Research Series: Desktop & Application Delivery • Available NOW

– Focus Research Series: Virtualization Management (2H 08)

• Website: www.focusonsystems.com

• Email: bgoldworm@focusonsystems.com;

askamarock@focusonsystems.com