Virtualization

Gareja Mahesh(mahesh247edu@gmail.com)Tank Birju(Birjutank27@gmail.com)

Agenda

IconsDefinitionWhy Virtualization is ImportantIntroductionVirtualization ProvidersOverviewTypes Of Virtualization

Defination

Virtualization is way to run multiple operating systems and user applications on the same hardware

E.g., run both Windows and Linux on the same laptop

How is it different from dual-boot?

Both OSes run simultaneouslyThe OSes are completely isolated from each other

Why Virtualization is Important Current Economy Reduces Capital Expenses Reduces Operational Expenses Promotes Green IT Enables “Cloud” Computing Demand for VMware Certified Professionals Over 1,500 schools and 10,000 students are using the

eLearning part of the IT Academy Over 400 schools are participating in the Instructor

Led part of the IT Academy program and over 3,000 students have been trained and are candidates to become a VMware Certified Professional

Tom Silver, senior VP and chief marketing officer for the technology jobs Web site Dice.com, says that the total job count for his site was down 12 percent from

January 2008 through the first week of November. But for those with virtualization experience, including both VMware and general skills, available jobs increased by

43 percent and 37 percent,

Why Virtualization is Important

Virtual machines provide

Hardware independenceGuest VM sees the same hardware regardless of the host hardware

Isolation VM’s operating system is isolated from the

host operating system Encapsulation

Entire VM encapsulated into a single file

Introduction

Virtualization is not a new concept, but its complexity has been growing, and a number of new paradigms are rising.

there three very simple concepts regarding virtualization.

Hypervisor (or VMM – Virtual Machine Monitor) is a software layer that allows several virtual machines to run on a physical machine

– The physical OS and hardware are called the Host– The virtual machine OS and applications are called

the Guest– Two Types of Hypervisor

Three Types of Virtulization(1)Para-virtualization(2) OS-level virtualization(3)Application level virtualization

(1)Para-virtualization• VM does not simulate hardware• Use special API that a modified guest OS must

use• Hypercalls trapped by the Hypervisor and

serviced• Xen, VMWare ESX Server

Types Of Virtualization

(2) OS-level virtualization• OS allows multiple secure virtual servers to be

run• Guest OS is the same as the host OS, but appears isolated apps see an isolated OS

• Solaris Containers, BSD Jails, Linux Vserver

(3)Application level virtualization

• Application is gives its own copy of components that are not shared

• (E.g., own registry files, global objects) - VE prevents conflicts• JVM

Virtualization Providers

Equinix, EQIX, up 55.25% in 1Q 2012: A leading data center provider that’s inking partnerships worldwide.

Salesforce.com, CRM, up 52.19%: The top provider of cloud-based CRM software, plus the Force.com platform.

Athenahealth, ATHN, up 50.90%: A well-known provider of EHR (electronic health records) and other healthcare services.

Red Hat, RHT, up 45.05%: pushing beyond Linux to promote open source middleware, storage and virtualization.

SolarWinds, SWI, 38.28%: A growing provider of data center management tools.

VMware, VMW, up 35.08%: Still the leading provider of virtualization software, pushing hard into the cloud.

Rackspace Hosting, RAX, up 34.36%: Known for its fanatical support of cloud customers, and frequently the subject of takeover rumors (though I haven’t heard any this week…).

CoreSite Realty Corp., COR, up 32.38%: Another data center provider that’s gaining attention.Citrix Systems, CTSX, up 29.96%: Blending virtualization software with remote support, remote management and collaboration services.

ConstantContact, CTCT, up 28.35%: The email marketing firm.

VMware

• VMware Workstation• GSX Server• ESX Server

VMware Workstation

• Current version is 9• Evaluation license key is valid for 30 days

– This is a full working version– VMware has extended this for additional

evaluation time if necessary• Runs on Windows or Linux• Retails for ~$189• Upgrades after a year are ~$95 a workstation

GSX Server

• Able to run multiple servers or workstations on a single box

• Meant for a small size server environments and larger-scale test environments

• Scales to allow a test Active Directory domain, client/server environment, etc.

• Can run on Windows or Linux• Retails for ~$1400 for a dual processor system

• But you can do better than that!

ESX Server

• Enterprise-class virtual server• This is meant more for a live environment• ESX Server is built directly into a custom Linux

kernel to optimize performance, stability, and modularization

• Pricing: call them. We just purchased this for a 2 processor system with a bundled package for ~$3500.

Why VMware Workstation is good

• Saves the average administrator and developer hundreds of hours a year by allowing rapid, modular and convenient tests

• You can run Windows on Linux and Linux on Windows

• You can do presentations involving OS-based demonstrations on the same piece of hardware as the presentation using multiple VMware systems

• It’s VERY cheap

Why GSX Server is good

• It’s less expensive than ESX Server

• It allows for multi-processor environments and rapid tests of multiple systems

• You can run a few servers or workstations on a single system

• If you’re not comfortable with Linux, you can use a Windows Server as the host OS

Why ESX Server is good

• Create new systems faster with reduced hardware needs allowing for tailored and scalable memory and processor utilization

• Decouple application workloads from underlying physical hardware for increased flexibility- read this is to separate your server applications and services onto individual servers (DNS, DHCP, SMS, IIS, AD, FTP, Brightmail, Sendmail, whatever).

• Dramatically lower the cost of business continuity- if your virtual system dies, crank of a new box and run a restore in just a few minutes

Things you can do to impress your users

• More thoroughly test upgrades, rollouts, and deployments to perfect the concept before going live. This means way less downtime for users and of course- a more polished look

• Learn how to script if you’ve got more than just a few computers. This is a great platform to teach yourself on!

• Learn how to MSI package software with custom builds and try deploying these onto test systems using Group Policy- computer goes on, and so does the new software- without fumbling!

Recommendations

• Minimum of a 1 GHz processor, 512MB RAM, 80GB drive

• What I recommend for testing: 3GHz+ processor, 1GB+ RAM, 15k RPM SCSI purely for live VMware systems, 80GB drive for image storage

Advantages & DisAdvantages

(1)Advantages

•A huge benefit if you don't want to fork out on a new computer just because you want to try the latest Linux operating system or the latest macosx.•Testing and learning•VMs are portable. Its just a huge file.

(2) DisAdvantages•Resources Hungry. It uses up more resources the more VMs that you run simultaneously.•If your CPU does not allow for hardware virtualization then you can run some operating systems in software virtualization but generally its slower. So slow that it would annoy you.

•Some operating systems will not run in software virtualization and require that you have a CPU with hardware virtualization. So it would cost you more if you dont have a CPU with hardware virtualization.

Summery Virtualization offers major savings in data center

operations. Virtualization makes possible significant

reductions in the costs of managing data centers, with simplification of systems management tasks.

Virtualization offers back-up and increased redundancy for delivery of high performance and high availability services.

Virtualization is a step in the direction of “cloud computing”.