VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4...
Transcript of VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4...
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VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING-BASED PHASE-CONTRAST IMAGING
Janne Vignero
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Transmission Image
INTRODUCTION
Differential phase Image Dark Field Image
Talbot-Lau Interferometry (TLI)
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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Transmission Image
INTRODUCTION
Differential phase Image Dark Field Image
CalcificationsSoft tissue contrast
TLI for mammography
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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Transmission Image
INTRODUCTION
Dark Field Image
Calcifications
TLI for mammography
Comparison via contrast-to-noise ratios
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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Transmission Image
INTRODUCTION
Differential phase Image
Soft tissue contrast
TLI for mammography
Comparison via contrast-to-noise ratios
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
![Page 6: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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Transmission Image
INTRODUCTION
Differential phase Image
Soft tissue contrast
TLI for mammography
Comparison via contrast-to-noise ratios
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
How to quantitatively compare Tr and dP imaging?
![Page 7: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
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â Talbot-Lau interferometry
â A hybrid simulation framework
â generate ârealisticâ imagines that match those
of a TLI scanner
â A detectability study
â a task-based study
â human reader studies (4-AFC)
â Application: mammography
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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â Talbot-Lau interferometry
â A hybrid simulation framework
â generate ârealisticâ imagines that match those
of a TLI scanner
â A detectability study
â a task-based study
â human reader studies (4-AFC)
â Application: mammography
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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Illumination by a homogeneous x-ray field
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
objectreference
Creates intensity disturbances at the edges
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Illumination by a homogeneous x-ray field
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
objectreference
Creates intensity disturbances at the edges
Illumination by a periodic x-ray field
objectreference
Allows to measure the intensity shifts in addition to the edges
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm 100 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm 100 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 14: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm 100 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 15: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm 100 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 16: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
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Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
4 ÎŒm 100 ÎŒm
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 17: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 18: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 19: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 20: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
For each pixel we measure an average intensity pattern
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 21: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 22: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 23: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 24: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 25: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 26: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 27: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 28: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 29: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 30: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 31: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Conventional x-ray tubes are not coherent
Also referred to as âgrating-basedâ phase-contrast imaging
Periodic x-ray field is created by a grating; âthe Talbot effectâ
Periodic x-ray field is measured by a grating
Pseudo coherent beam created by grating
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
![Page 32: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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For each pixel we measure an average intensity pattern with and without object
TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
For each pixel we measure 3 parameters 3 images can be constructed
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Transmission Image Differential phase Image Dark Field Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TALBOT-LAU INTERFEROMETRY (TLI)
Transmission Image Differential phase Image
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ đđđ =
2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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How to quantitatively compare Tr and dP imaging?
RESEARCH QUESTION
Transmission Image Differential phase Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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1. BETA VERSUS DELTA
đč
đ·
(H20, 30 keV)
â 1000 times better performanceof dP in comparison to Tr
For soft tissues đż â 1000 â đœ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
2. âđ , đđâ the sensitivity
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM SENSITIVITY
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM SENSITIVITY
The G1-to-G2 distance âdâ
The system sensitivity
2đđ
đ2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM SENSITIVITY
The G1-to-G2 distance âdâ
The system sensitivity
2đđ
đ2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM SENSITIVITY
The G1-to-G2 distance âdâ The period of the interference pattern âp2â
The system sensitivity
2đđ
đ2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
2. âđ, đ2â the system sensitivity
3. âđâ, the system visibility
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM VISIBILITY
The visibility
đ0
đ1
đŁ = đ1/đ0 Decreased by
- Polychromatic source- Finite width G0 slits- Finite height G2 grating- Beam divergence
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM VISIBILITY
The visibility
đ0
đ1
đŁ = đ1/đ0 Determines noise in dP image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM VISIBILITY
The visibility
đ0
đ1
đŁ = đ1/đ0 Determines noise in dP image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM VISIBILITY
The visibility
đ0
đ1
đŁ = đ1/đ0 Determines noise in dP image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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3. THE SYSTEM VISIBILITY
The visibility
đ0
đ1
đŁ = đ1/đ0 Determines noise in dP image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
1. Beta versus delta
2. âđ, đ2â the system sensitivity
3. âđŁâ, the system visibility
Benchmarking the CH-TLI setup
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
2. âđ, đ2â the system sensitivity
3. âđŁâ, the system visibility
4. Projection vs differential
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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2. PROJECTION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL IMAGING
Transmission
Differential phase
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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2. PROJECTION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL IMAGING
Transmission
Differential phase
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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2. PROJECTION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL IMAGING
Transmission
Differential phase
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
Contrast-to-noise metrics are not applicableSo, even theoretically, how to compare Trand dP?
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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TRANSMISSION VERSUS DIFFERENTIAL PHASE IMAGING
Transmission (Tr) Differential phase (dP)
Signal
Noise đđđ â1
đđđđđ â
1
đđâ 1
đŁ
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
1. Beta versus delta
2. âđ, đ2â the system sensitivity
3. âđŁâ, the system visibility
4. Projection vs differential
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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How to quantitatively compare Tr and dP imaging?
RESEARCH QUESTION
Transmission Image Differential phase Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Comparing experimental data will be very hard, but even for theoretical data (where the ground truth is known) there is no approach available as we cannot compare đđđ with đđđ.
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How to quantitatively compare Tr and dP imaging?
RESEARCH QUESTION
Use virtual studies to benchmark the dP performance against the Tr performance
Requires a simulation platform to produce rapidly ârealisticâ dP and Tr images
Performance metric:
Relative dose required for a lesion to be detectable in Tr and dP
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘ â« â« â« â« â«
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â Talbot-Lau interferometry
â A hybrid simulation framework
â generate ârealisticâ imagines that match those
of a TLI scanner
â A detectability study
â a task-based study
â human reader studies (4-AFC)
â Application: mammography
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Numerical wave propagation
Computationally expensive, not practical for virtual studies where you need a lot of data and large fields of view.
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
Hybrid image modelling
Combining analytical equations with experimentally measured metrics
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
4 đm
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Expected signal
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
Expected noise level
Chabior et al. [2012]
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
đđđ =đđđ
đđ1 +
1
đđđ
đđđ =1
đđ
2
đŁ21 +
1
đđđ1 +
1
đđđđ·2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
STr = exp âđđĄ= exp â2đđœđĄ
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
MTF : measuredGFS: analytical
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
R = random generated values with a zero mean and a unit variance
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
NPS : measuredPV: measuredđđđ =
đđđ
đđ1 +
1
đđđ
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
â log()
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
đđđ =đđ đ
đđtan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
![Page 72: VIRTUAL STUDIES IN GRATING- BASED PHASE ...people.na.infn.it/~mettivie/MaXIMA Video/presentation...4 Transmission Image INTRODUCTION Dark Field Image Calcifications TLI for mammography](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081618/608900c2dd2d7b31a323f32c/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
MTF : measuredGFS: analytical
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
R = random generated values with a zero mean and a unit variance
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
NPS : measuredPV: measuredđŁ : measured
đđđ =đđđ
đ·đœ
2
đ21 +
1
đđđ1 +
1
đđđđ·2
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đđđ
HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
â±â1 â± đ â đđđč â đșđčđ
đđđ â±â1 â± đ â đđđ â đ
Detector and focal spot blurExpected signal
Expected noise Correlate and scale noiseđ + đ
Image
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
PMMA sphere
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HYBRID IMAGE MODELLING
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
In vivo scan mouse
Model is based on segmented uCTdata
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Transmission Image
RESEARCH QUESTION
Differential phase Image
How to quantitatively compare Tr and dP imaging?
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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â Talbot-Lau interferometry
â A hybrid simulation framework
â generate ârealisticâ imagines that match those
of a TLI scanner
â A detectability study
â a task-based study
â human reader studies (4-AFC)
â Application: mammography
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Relative dose required for a lesion to be detectable
= measure of relative performance
Via a four alternative forced choice study
TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDY
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
%đ¶đđđ = 1 â 0.75 â exp âđđđ đ
đ
đ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
Psychometric curve fit
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
%đ¶đđđ = 1 â 0.75 â exp âđđđ đ
đ
đ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
Psychometric curve fit â threshold at 62.5%
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Four alternative forced choice (4-AFC)
4-AFC
%đ¶đđđ = 1 â 0.75 â exp âđđđ đ
đ
đ
If you want to do this for every task it is very time consuming. Make it more general.
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Zhang et al., SPIE proceedings (2016)
Psychometric curve fit â threshold at 62.5%
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Definitions FOM
Should scale with detectability
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDY
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Liver in adipose bg with radiation dose of x
blood in muscle bg with radiation dose of y
Liver in adipose bg with radiation dose of w
blood in muscle bg with radiation dose of z
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Definitions FOM
Should scale with detectability
Only valid for same task shape!
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDY
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Liver in adipose bg with radiation dose of x
Liver in adipose bg with radiation dose of w
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM. Calculate the FOM of each of the images.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM. Calculate the FOM of each of the images.
3. 4AFC. Use these images in a 4afc human reader study (one for Tr
and one for dP) as a function of the FOM
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
FOMFOM
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM. Calculate the FOM of each of the images.
3. 4AFC. Use these images in a 4afc human reader study (one for Tr
and one for dP) as a function of the FOM
4. Thresholds. Calculate the threshold FOMTr and FOMdP
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
FOM FOM
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM. Calculate the FOM of each of the images.
3. 4AFC. Use these images in a 4afc human reader study (one for Tr
and one for dP) as a function of the FOM
4. Thresholds. Calculate the threshold FOMTr and FOMdP
5. EAK(62.5%). Calculate the EAKTr and EAKdP for a given
application (combination of bg and obj materials) to reach
respectively the FOMTr and FOMdP
6. RP.
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
FOM FOM
e.g. for tumor lesion in adipose tissue which EAK required to reach FOMTr = FOMTr62.5%
e.g. for tumor lesion in adipose tissue which EAK required to reach FOMdP = FOMdP62.5%
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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1. Simulate. Simulate set of Tr and dP images (bg and obj) with
signal and noise combinations ranging between undetectable to
detectable
2. FOM. Calculate the FOM of each of the images.
3. 4AFC. Use these images in a 4afc human reader study (one for Tr
and one for dP) as a function of the FOM
4. Thresholds. Calculate the threshold FOMTr and FOMdP
5. EAK(62.5%). Calculate the EAKTr and EAKdP for a given
application (combination of bg and obj materials) to reach
respectively the FOMTr and FOMdP
6. RP. The relative performance of an application = EAKTr/EAKdP
GENERALIZED TASK BASED DETECTABILITY STUDYFor a certain task shape
Transmission Diff. Phase
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđ
đčđđđđ =max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
FOM FOM
e.g. for tumor lesion in adipose tissue which EAK required to reach FOMTr = FOMTr62.5%
e.g. for tumor lesion in adipose tissue which EAK required to reach FOMdP = FOMdP62.5%
đ đ =đžđŽđŸđđ 62.5%
đžđŽđŸđđ 62.5%
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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â Talbot-Lau interferometry
â A hybrid simulation framework
â generate ârealisticâ imagines that match those
of a TLI scanner
â A detectability study
â a task-based study
â human reader studies (4-AFC)
â Application: mammography
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
APPLICATIONS
5.3 mm diam 2.6 mm diam 1.3 mm diam
Lesion
Shaheen E. et al. , Med. Phys. 41(8), 2014
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
APPLICATIONS
5.3 mm diam
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
8 different FOM values15 signal present & 45 signal absent per dose
8 different FOM values15 signal present & 45 signal absent per dose
Transmission Differential phase
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
= 0.53= 0.37 = 0.7= 0.2 = 1.45 = 3.03 = 4.61 = 6.2
FOMTr FOMdP
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Transmission Differential phase
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
c
c
c
c
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Transmission Differential phase
7 trained readers 7 trained readers
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
c
c
c
c
FOMTr(62.5%) = 0.34 FOMdP(62.5%) = 2.16
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Transmission Differential phase
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
c
c
c
c
FOMTr(62.5%) = 0.34 FOMdP(62.5%) = 2.16
Background lesionEAK(62.5%)
[mGy]
adipose tumour 0.007(1)
Glandular tumour 0.030(4)
Background lesionEAK(62.5%)
[mGy]
adipose tumour 0.71(6)
Glandular tumour 6.7(5)
đčđđđđ =min đŒđđ âmax đŒđđ
đđđđčđđđđ =
max(â« |đđđ|đđ„)
đđđ
Compositions
Hammerstein G. et al., Rad., 130, 1979
Johns P.C., Yaffe M.J. , Phys. Med. Biol. 32(675), 1987
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Transmission Differential phase
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APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
1. Simulate.
2. FOM.
3. 4AFC.
4. Thresholds.
5. EAK(62.5%).
6. RP.
c
c
c
c
Background lesionEAK(62.5%)
[mGy]
adipose tumour 0.007(1)
Glandular tumour 0.030(4)
Background lesionEAK(62.5%)
[mGy]
adipose tumour 0.71(6)
Glandular tumour 6.7(5)
Background lesion RP
adipose tumour 0.0010(2)
Glandular tumour 0.0045(7)
5.3 mm diam
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Transmission Differential phase
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Adipose
APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Glandular
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
5.3 mm diam 2.6 mm diam 1.3 mm diam
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
For our system, we do not expect dP to outperform Tr imaging for these tasks
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Adipose
APPLICATIONS: HOMOGENEOUS BG
Glandular
Application 1. Sphere/lesions of different sizes
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
For our system, we do not expect dP to outperform Tr imaging for these tasks
Tr Image dPImage
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APPLICATIONS
Application 2. Mammo
5.3 mm diam glandular adipose mammographic
Mammographic background
1. ÎŒCT data of mastectomy
2. Thresholding glandular and adipose tissue
3. Selecting appropriate ROIâs
Tr dP Tr dP
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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APPLICATIONS
Application 2. Mammo
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
EAKdP
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APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
AdiposeGlandular 5.3 mm lesion
But our system is not the state of the art system
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Diff Phase imaging does not outperform Tr imaging for our system setup.
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111
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
Adipose
But our system is not the state of the art system
đ đ âđ
đ2â đŁ
2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Diff Phase imaging does not outperform Tr imaging for our system setup.
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112
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
Diff Phase imaging does not outperform Tr imaging for our system setup.
But our system is not the state of the art system
đ đ âđ
đ2â đŁ
2
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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113
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
AdiposeGlandular 5.3 mm lesion
With reasonable system optimization dP outperforms Tr for some tasks!
Diff phase is specifically promising to detect small lesions in a complex background
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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114
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
With reasonable system optimization dP outperforms Tr for some tasks! However, this is only an approximation
Magnification, different detector and source properties,âŠ
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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115
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
Orientation background affects dP performance
Horizontal structures are not detected in dP
Vertical oriented bgHorizontal oriented bg
Tr dP Tr dP
đđđ =2đđ
đ2tan
đđżđĄ
đđ„
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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116
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Discussion
Orientation background affects dP performance
Exploit this feature when developing TLI mammo systems because human breast has inherent orientation?
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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117
APPLICATIONS
Application 1 & 2. Conclusion
CH-TLI system not good enough, but other systems in the literature might have sufficient system quality for dP to outperform Tr
But TLI is a promising tool for the detection of small lesions in a complex background
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
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DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Computer simulations can be used to quantitatively estimate the feasibility of applications and/or to estimate the required system quality in TLI
INTRODUCTION TLI SIMULATIONS DETECTABILITY STUDY APPLICATIONS CONCLUSIONâȘâ« â« â« â« â«
Tr Image dPImage