VIRTUAL STHERITAGE CAIRO 1 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE… · virtual stheritage cairo 1 international...

VIRTUALHERITAGECAIRO1STINTERNATIONALCONFERENCE,Cairo,Egypt20-21February2017

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VIRTUAL HERITAGE CAIRO 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

SUSTAINING HERITAGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE Towards Virtual Environments for Middle East’s Cultural Heritage

20-21 February 2017, National Museum of Egyptian Civilization,

Cairo, Egypt


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CONFERENCE PROGRAMME


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Day 1 Monday, 20th February 9.30-10.00 Welcome Address

His Excellency Minister of Antiquities Address, Egypt His Excellency Minister of Higher Education Address, Egypt Prof. Hatem Odah, President, National Research Institute for Astronomy and Geophysics, Egypt Prof. Gad ElQady, President, National institute of Oceanography and Fishery, Egypt & VHC Co-Director Prof. Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem, VHC Director, Nottingham Trent University, UK

10.00 -11.30 Keynote Speakers Address

Keynote Address 1: “The manufacture of heritage and consumption of tradition” Nezar AlSayyad, President, International Association for the Study of Traditional Environments (IASTE), University of California at Berkeley, USA

Keynote Speaker 2: “Virtual reality and geomatic surveys for the safety of Cultural Heritages: the case of Petra (Jordan)” Claudio Margottini, Scientific and Technological Attaché, Embassy of Italy in Egypt, Italy

11.30-12.00 Coffee Break 12.00-13.30 Specialist Panel (A1): “Spatial Visualization; How to

Control the Domain under the Muslim Rulers in Medieval Time, Focusing Water”

Water Heritage of Medieval Muslim Monuments in Greater Delhi Naoko Fukami, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Station, Cairo

Least Cost Path and Accessibility Map for the Ancient Egyptian Pilgrimage Track, South Sinai, Egypt using Remote Sensing and GIS Salwa F. Elbeih and El-Sayed A. Zaghloul, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt

Finding the Banks; Visualizing the Medieval Irrigation System in the Nile Delta


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Wakako Kumakura, The Organization for the Islamic Area Studies of Waseda University, Japan

Virtual Reality and Islamic Water System in Cairo; Challenges and Methods Mohamed Ahmed Soliman, Ministry of Antiquities, Egypt

13.30-14.30 Lunch Break 14.30-16.00 Specialist Panel (A2): “Virtual Reality in Cultural Heritage

Education”

Virtual Reality in Maritime Archaeology: Education, Preservation and Presentation Emad Khalil, Alexandria University

Cultural Heritage Education: How to employ INTERNET Infrastructure for the teaching of Cultural Heritage Yasser Elshayeb, Cairo University & Technical office of the Director of Bibliotheca Alexandrina

3D Modelling of underwater archaeological sites: Marsa Bagoush Site Mohamed Salamaa, Alexandria University

Virtual Reality in Cultural Heritage Education: Teleportation is Becoming a Reality Wael Akl, Nile University in Egypt

16.00-18.00 Session (A3) (Main Hall): “Global approaches to digital and virtual preservation”

Innovative Approached and Operative Methodologies for Cultural Heritage Conservation: A Critical Evaluation Antonella Versaci University of Enna “KORE” & Alessio Cardaci, University of Bergamo, Italy.

A Virtual Oasis: Trafalgar Square’s Arch of Palmyra Stuart Burch, Nottingham Trent University, UK

Architectural preservation as a Tool for Detecting the Identity of Historical Cities: Analysis of the Recent Techniques for Selected International Samples Sabeeh Lafta Farhan, Wasit University; Abbas Ali Hamza, university of Technology; Dhyaa Shaheed Sabr Al-Azzawi, Wasit University, Iraq


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Creating a series of Virtual Museums for the underwater archaeological sites in Egypt Osama El Nahas, Ministry of Antiquities

Phygital Heritage: an Approach for Heritage Communication Eslam Nofal, Rabee M. Reffat, and Andrew Vande Moere;

KU

Leuven, Belgium and Assiut University, Egypt 16.00-18.00 Session (A4) (Secondary Hall): “Digital Modes of Preservation in port cities”

Sustainability of Heritage Waterfront Buildings in Suez Canal Cities Mahmoud Fouad El-Bwab, Ahmed M. Saleh, Faysal M. Abo-ElAzm; Suez Canal University, Egypt

Sustainability and Energy consumption of Historic Buildings using Virtual reality Mona Rezk Gad, Omar Mohamed Elhosieny; American University in Cairo, Egypt

Can virtual reality save Alexandria’s Heritage? Heba Hatem Alggour, Alexandria University, Egypt

Heritage Education for the Children Mummification workshop approaches Shreen M. Amin & Rania El-Atfy; Egyptian museum, Egypt

Al- Khayamiya heritage between Economy and VR Technology Eslam Adel Aboalo, Samer sray, Islam Sedeek, Mohamed El-Boudy, Eman Taha, VHC, Egypt

Spatial Codification: Digitally Preserve Heritage Of Historical El-Darb El-Ahmar Using VR Simulation Technology Khalid Saeed

19.00-21.00 Conference Gala Dinner Day 2 Tuesday, 21st February 9.00-10.30 Specialist Panel (B1): “Green Heritage in Egypt:

Challenges and Opportunities”, Organised by Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt


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Chair: Ahmed Rashed, Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt

Adaptive Reuse: An Innovative Approach for Generating Sustainable Values for Historic Buildings in Developing Countries. Ayman Othman, British University in Egypt, Egypt

Smart Heritage Gehan Nagy & Deena ElMahdy, British University in Egypt, Egypt

A review of Green Heritage assessment and benchmarking Walaa S E Ismaeel, British University in Egypt, Egypt

The application of Virtual Reality as an Interaction Tool in heritage Sites Deena El-Mahdy, Virtual Heritage Cairo & British University in Egypt.

10.30-12.30 Keynote Speakers Panel 2

Keynote Address 3: “Past Forward: Digital Reality and the Realities of Digitizing History” Alonzo Addison, Co-Chair, Digital Heritage Federation & University of California at Berkeley, USA

Keynote Address 4: “Copyright for sustaining heritage in the Digital age” Ahmed Rashed, Chair, Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt

Keynote Address 5: “Transformation from the Material to the Virtual: an old argument revisited for new times” John Carman, Ironbridge International Institute for Cultural Heritage (IIICH), Uni.of Birmingham

12.30-14.00 Specialist Panel (B2): “SUSTAINABLE GREEN MARKETS:

Regenerating the Socio-Cultural heritage and Economic Activities of the Attaba Market, Cairo” Chair: Dalila Elkerdany, Cairo University & Mimar Architects, Egypt

Green markets in the United Kingdom Nevine Hamza, Newcastle University, UK

Conservation of Cairo historical markets Dalila Elkerdany, Cairo University & Mimar Architects, Egypt


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Historical Cairo Markets as catalysts in decaying areas of value Sahar Imam, Cairo University, Egypt

Sensitive Interventions in areas of value Aliaa AlSadaty, Cairo University, Egypt

14.00- 15.00 Lunch Break 15.00-16.30 Specialist Panel (B3): “Archaeogeophysics in Egypt”

Archaeogeophysics Prospection in Egypt: Trends and Achievement

Gad ElQady, National institute of Oceanography and Fishery & VHC Co-Director, Egypt

Egyptian Ancient Heritage the hazard and Protection Abbas M. Abbas, National Research Institute for Astronomy and Geophysics, Egypt Protecting Archaeological sites through digital detection of earthquake movements Mohamed ElGabry, National Research Institute for Astronomy and Geophysics, Egypt Documentation of Islamic Archaeology: History, Methods used Inspirations of Development Osama Mokhtar Elksabany, Ministry of antiquities, Islamic monuments sector

16.30-18.30 Session (B4) (Main Hall): “Digital Heritage & Community Engagement in Medieval Cairo”

Medieval Islamic Cairo Heritage: Immersive Virtual Reality Application for Bayt Al-Suhaimy Ahmad S. Nasser, Abeer S. Abd El-Monsef, Toqa Mohsen; VR lab - Hexel Labs, Egypt

Talent Management as a Novel Approach for Developing Innovative Solutions for Egyptian Heritage Communities Development: A Literature Review Mohamed H. M. Khalil, Heba A. I. Elsaay & Ayman A. E. Othman, The British University in Egypt, Egypt

Crowd- sourcing Heritage Documentation Model: Rescuing Urban Heritage of Cairo and Alexandria Mohammed Raafat, Maha ElGewely, Ahmed Fayed & Sara Kessba, German University in Cairo, Egypt


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Challenges and Opportunities of Delivering Green Buildings towards Sustaining the Development of Heritage Communities Salma H Nassar, Heba A. I. Elsaay & Ayman A. E. Othman, The British University in Egypt, Egypt

16.30-18.30 Session (B5) (Secondary Hall): “Methods for Digital Preservation of Heritage in Egypt”

Methods for Digital Photographic Presentation, 3D Photogrammetry and VR Techniques for Digital Heritage and Artifacts Recording. Tarek Galal Abdelhamid

Engaging with Bayt Al-Suhaimy Hoor El-Morshedy, Khaled Al-sofani, Shymaa, Bassem, Virtual Heritage Cairo & Ministry of Antiquities, Egypt

Bridging Cyber-Physical Systems and Heritage Buildings: From A Literature Review to An Integrated Conceptual Framework for Documentation of Cultural Heritage Hebatallah E. Soliman , Ain Shams University, and Laila M. Khodeir, Ain Shams University & British University in Egypt

Cultural Heritage Management: Achieving Stakeholders' Engagement in the Digital Age: A Literature Review Laila M. Khodeir; British University in Egypt & Ain Shams University, Egypt

Meta Tourism: The Eight Levels of Virtual Heritage Mohamed Nabil Arafa

18.30-19.00 Conference Closing Panel (Main Hall): “Nezar AlSayyad,

Claudio Margottini, Dalila ElKerdani, Alonzo Addison” Chair: Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem, Director, Virtual Heritage Cairo

19.00-22.00 Evening Tour of Islamic Cairo Day 3 Wednesday, 22nd February 10.00-14.00 VHC Tours: 5 Sites in Medieval Cairo / Grand Egyptian Museum


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WELCOME ADDRESS


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New Frontier for Digital Preservation of Heritage in the Middle East Professor Mohamed Gamal Abdemonem Director, Virtual Heritage Cairo Chair in Architecture & Heritage, Nottingham Trent University Welcome to the First International Conference of our Network: Virtual Heritage Cairo, 2017

“SUSTAINING HERITAGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: Towards Virtual Environments for Middle East’s Cultural Heritage”

First, I would like to thank the Ministry of Antiquities and His Excellency, Professor Khaled El-Anany, for hosting our first Conference in Cairo at the Precious and impressive, The National Museums of Egyptian Civilization, the best place to host us. I wish also to thank, the National Research Institute for Astronomy and Geophysics and its President: Professor Hatem Odah and Project Lead: Professor Gad ElQady, the President of the National Institute of Oceanography and Fishery, for the great effort, organisation, management of the project activities in Egypt and the generous hosting of VHC Colloquium and training workshops in Egypt.

VIRTUAL HERITAGE CAIRO is the Digital and Online platform of the International Collaborative Network for Cultural-feed of Virtual Heritage (CfVH) platforms of medieval Cairo. The network aims to develop smart and interactive platforms for the documentation, preservation and engagement with Islamic Cairo’s cultural, social and built heritage that engages cultural content into the virtual environments of historic buildings and urban fabric.

Islamic and Medieval Cairo, a World Heritage Site, has always been a Site of exceptional historic significance and value on several aspects, social, cultural, architectural, religious and even political. Yet, and in a stark contrast with the Pharaonic Antiquity and archaeological sites, Medieval Cairo remains anonymous to those who have never visited Cairo. There are no traces of its contents in World Museums, nor there is much of documentation of its significance parts. It is a truly cohesive fabric; very difficult to neither decompose, separate into parts nor imitate


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its construct out of its own contextual convenience. We look onto the potentials of reducing technical and logistical limitations to produce virtual and immersive reality platforms of the old city that enable cultural terrains to be integrated into the digital models of the buildings and streets.

We aim to generate and develop technological platforms that offer a degree of ‘reality’ and photorealism of culture through engaging with building and people in remote historic domains, not only through physical features of inherited buildings, but also through engaging with virtual modelling of objects, venues, social engagements in a realistic but remote environment. The benefits and potentials of these platforms are far-reaching that range from conventional tourism industry to online marketing, shopping in the past, educational display in national and regional museums, experimentation, and various virtual cloud industries.

The history and memory of a nation, is never accurately conceived or understood through physical buildings. They are rather inherited through habits, traditions, and virtues of everyday realities. But, to aim for such socially and culturally rich environments, considerable effort is essential, both through in-depth research in the past, looking beyond the buildings into people’s history, stories and archival records. This must be paralleled with developing local expertise that credibly engage with modern systems of Virtual Heritage as well as creative abilities to develop historical environments virtually. While the support of the scholars, researchers and experts is clearly prerequisite to such endeavour, the effort, contribution and enthusiasm of the talented young Egyptian researchers and entrepreneurs are critical if we are to build a sustained effort to bring Islamic Cairo back to life.

Virtual Heritage Cairo Network, in this context, supports the growing digital heritage sector in Egypt and the Middle East and organises a series of engagement activities and databases that bring together projects, specialist research institutes and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to technically-able entrepreneurs and researchers. It will develop projects and activities that focus on undertaking creative and practice-led research on imaging cultural heritage in Virtual Heritage.

PROJECT PROGAMME The project is designed to enrich Inventive practice-led research

investigation in the new media of recording, interpreting and reproduction of cultural heritage through innovative digital and online platforms. It is


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built around a Knowledge-transfer programme that focuses on increasing skill-base, building capacity amongst stakeholders and young professionals through three main pillars:

Conceptual Investigations: Undertaking Investigative research to enhance our understanding of the capability of new technology and digital platforms to allow cultural-feed into digital models of historic fabric.

Practical Training: Participants and fellows of the Network will be offered practical training and mentorship to develop their technical and research skills through actual fieldwork projects.

ACTION: Creative Engagement Platforms: This includes online database, research forums and online exhibitions. It also includes collaboration with the Gov. agencies, providing policy documents and help with technical training.

The Network is funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC: Grant AH/N009347/1) as a collaborative effort between several British and Egyptian Research Institutions and specialist consultants that include: The Centre for Global Heritage at Nottingham Trent University, the Digital Heritage Unit at the University of Wolverhampton (UK) and the National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG; EGYPT) and supported by Ministry of State for Antiquities, which hosted our public lectures and seminars and host us today. The Network is developed in association with Ironbridge International Research Institute of Cultural Heritage at the University of Birmingham, Queen’s University Belfast, Soluis-Heritage-UK, and The International Association for the Study of Traditional Environments (IASTE) at the University of California at Berkeley.

Over the next two days we will learn more on the possibilities, capabilities and knowledge that has been developing in this field, not only in Egypt and the Middle East, but also around the globe. Participants in this conference cover a wide range of approaches, regions, case studies and techniques. More importantly, we won’t only be listening to scholars and researchers, but we were keen to bring people from governmental agencies, young entrepreneurs who would like to disseminate their experiences in this growing field and market in the region. We will have the opportunity to acknowledge, through the current experience of young people, what are the challenges that face our collective endeavour.


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To give you a brief account on the VHC activities over the past year, we have conducted a series of research colloquiums, practical projects and training Workshops that aimed at bring the debate and practice of Virtual Heritage and associated technologies to the heart of the medieval city of Cairo. The first International Colloquium of the Virtual Heritage Cairo took place in Cairo between 27th -29th July 2016, in the National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) in Helwan, the Historic Astronomic Observatory site, Whilst the second International Colloquium took place at the University of Wolverhampton on 30th January 2017. Overall, over 90 participants attended the two Colloquiums and Training activities. Our network has attracted over 40 Young researchers and entrepreneurs to take part in its activities, and interdisciplinary projects, some to a great success and others suffered certain difficulties. Typical to such new endeavour and new context, Success require persistent ambition and long-term strategies of collaboration and training.

This conference concludes the first Phase of the Virtual Heritage Cairo

Network, which will build into a broader, more inclusive and practical application of Virtual Heritage in Phase 2 & Phase 3. We are hopeful that VHC, through all phases, will bring together research minds, creative practices and successful businesses of Digital Preservation of Heritage to enable the Egyptian Authorities to self-support its long-term strategies for cultural heritage preservation in Egypt.

I hope we all engage in very exciting panels and discussions over the coming two days and learn more about the latest state of the art not only on Virtual and digital application of Heritage but also on new modes of heritage preservation and public engagement in general.

Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem


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SPECIALIST PANEL


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Specialist Panel (A1)

Spatial Visualization; How to Control the Domain under the Muslim Rulers in Medieval Time, Focusing Water

In this session, focusing history and heritage especially related to water, for example jisrs (banks), waterways, wells, bridges, ports and etc., how to record, visualize or reconsider the history and heritage trying to use the new method of space analysis. Water systems were almost civil engineering work so it required long term and great care, therefore it means the duties and responsibilities of muslim rulers to manage the territory. Until the Modern time, water systems also were connected the route deeply, through which humans, materials and information were moved. We will challenge to begin from heritage as the points, to broaden to the historical waterways and tracks as the linear, more to expand to the villages and cities, to territory. Dr. Fukami will indicate the aim of this session, and deal with medieval water heritage in Delhi, especially under sultanate period. She will introduce the change of water heritage comparing between 1960’s and 2015. Then, she will try to make clear through mapping in Google Earth how Medieval Sultans controlled the greater Delhi using water systems. Dr. Elbeih and Prof. Zaghrul will show the medieval pilgrimage route through the GIS analysis around the Red Sea considering with citadels and old ports. They use professional satellite remote sensing images, topographic maps using GIS. Dr. Kumakura will show the location of jisrs at Delta in the sixteenth century. She will make clear the relation of jisr and villages, through this study the transportation networks and the expansion of provincial towns in the medieval period will be elucidated. Dr. Soliman will introduce the water management based on the urban history of Cairo, also will consider related to the intangible history, like festivals so on. He will challenge how to describe this water heritage using new methods


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“Water Heritage of Medieval Muslim Monuments in Greater Delhi” Dr. Naoko Fukami, Japan Society for Promotion Science, Research Station, Cairo

“Least Cost Path and Accessibility Map for the Ancient Egyptian Pilgrimage Track, South Sinai, Egypt using Remote Sensing and GIS” Salwa F. Elbeih and El-Sayed A. Zaghloul, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt

“Finding the Banks; Visualizing the Medieval Irrigation System in the Nile Delta” Dr. Wakako Kumakura, The Organization for the Islamic Area Studies of Waseda University

“Virtual Reality and Islamic Water System in Cairo; Challenges and Methods” Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Soliman, Ministry of Antiquities. A.R. E.

Water Heritage of Medieval Muslim Monuments in Greater Delhi

Naoko Fukami

Japan Society for Promotion Science, Research Station, Cairo [email protected]

I want to deal with the historical monuments in urbanized Delhi to compare the photos that were taken in 1959 to 1962. Historical Delhi occupied broad space 25 km from north to south and 15 km from west to east, and the center of the city moved from place to place in medieval times. After 1980’s the population of Delhi increased more than tens of millions and the built-up area also increased. The Research and Information Centre for Asian Studies attached to the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo has been engaged in an inventory of photos of Islamic architecture in India, which


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were taken by the Mission for Indian History and Archaeology at the University of Tokyo. They conducted field studies for the whole of Delhi twice, in 1959-60 and 1961-62. The purpose of the research group was to survey Islamic architecture of the entire Sultanate Period (1191 to 1526). They listed 61 mosques, 72 graveyards, 142 tombs, 52 water works and 58 other items. Our survey in 2015 is to check the situation of these medieval monuments in Delhi. In this article, focusing 52 water works, there are 14 round-wells, 3 water-tanks, 18 step-wells (called Baoli), 11 dams, 3 sluices and 3 bridges constructed during Sultanate Period. Through our survey in 2015, we could identify 4 (2) round-wells, 3 (3) water-tanks, 8 (4) step-wells, 5 (1) dams, 2 (2) sluices and 1 (1) bridge, the number inside round brackets shows the number of protected monuments by Archaeological Survey of India. It shows many water heritage had abandoned and destroyed from 60’s to 2015, and these archives have important historical value. The purposes of this study are 1) how to use the information from these photos which were taken around 1960 with geographic information system, 2) to rethink the urban history of medieval Delhi with water heritage which existed until the middle of 20th century.

Least Cost Path and Accessibility Map for the Ancient Egyptian Pilgrimage Track South Sinai, Egypt using Remote

Sensing and GIS

Salwa F. Elbeih and El-Sayed A. Zaghloul National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Egypt

[email protected]; [email protected] South Sinai is one of the most spectacularly beautiful landscapes in Egypt and perhaps even in the world. It is rich with a lot of archaeological and touristic attractive sites that represent one of the most important sources for the national income. Egypt is considering with UNESCO to place the ancient Egyptian pilgrimage trail in Sinai on the international map of the world heritage sites. The history of the use of this Track is dating back to 1267 AD when the Mamluk Sultan Baybars visited the


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Kaaba in Makka, where it continued to be a path of pilgrimage until 1885 AD. Along this track, is located the most important historical antiquities of Sinai starting from the North of Suez passing by Nekhel Citadel until Ras El Naqab, Taba and Salah El-Deen Citadel. The main aim of this paper is to produce Least Cost Path and accessibility maps for selected archaeological and touristic sites surrounding this old trail. The accessibility map for each site includes a 2-D path to the site overlaid over a SPOT 4 satellite image, a 3-D view and vertical profile to the site and a brief scientific description of the site. This research is mainly based on satellite remote sensing images, topographic maps using GIS.

Finding the Banks; Visualizing the Medieval Irrigation System in the Nile Delta

Wakako Kumakura

The Organization for the Islamic Area Studies of Waseda University [email protected]

This paper analyzes the structure of the irrigation system in the sixteenth-century Nile Delta. In the period in which agricultural lands were irrigated by the Nile flood, the so-called “Basin Irrigation System” is considered to have influenced environments in a broad sense, including the natural environment and the living spaces of human beings. Hence, it is significant not only to understand the system theoretically, but also to grasp it geographically in order to comprehend a variety of environments in Egypt. However, the “Basin Irrigation System” of the medieval period has not been thoroughly studied by historians, and therefore, remains a mystery. Therefore, the primary objective of this presentation is to understand the structure of the “Basin Irrigation System” by using survey registers that the Ottomans compiled in the sixteenth century to administer irrigation works located in each province. This presentation focuses on the “sultan’s jisrs (banks),” which were the most significant irrigation works at the time. The objectives of this study are (1) to trace jisrs’ locations in Gharbiya province, which is located in the central part of the Nile Delta, (2) to locate villages that were


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irrigated by each jisr, and finally (3) to color irrigation areas irrigated by each jisr. As a result, the study visually reveals facts concerning the locations of the “sultan’s jisrs” and their irrigation areas as well as the surrounding environment. It shows a limit line of agriculture in the northern area of the province, which means that Burulus Lake extended further to the south than it does today, so that most parts of the northern areas in Gharbiya province are revealed to have been marshy meadows in the medieval times. As this paper shows, it is possible to convert textual data into geographical information, even in the field of the medieval history of Egypt. Hereafter, since major embankments were considered to have functioned as major roads in the time of the flood, the data acquired through this study will enable us to expand our studies to other subjects such as transportation networks and the expansion of provincial towns in the medieval period.

Virtual Reality and Islamic Water system in Cairo;

Challenges and Methods

Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Soliman Ministry of Antiquities. A.R. E.

Email: [email protected] Virtual reality is a promising technology for reviving the tangible and intangible of water heritage, which contain the secret and sol of the human life itself. The river Nile plays the main role in the Egyptian life as the lonely sustainable source of fresh water. Therefore, the Egyptian man aims to regulate the Nile all over ages through inventing water systems suitable to the Nile behavior. Because of the high value water in Islam, Muslims inherited and invented many ways to deal with water sources, neither rivers nor rainwater, thus Muslim rulers all over the Islamic dynasties care with water project for irrigation and conducting water to the cites. Islamic Cairo has a variety in water system projects depending on two major factors; first is shifting of the Nile bank to west, according to


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the geomorphologic phenomenon of the water ducts in the north halve of the earth, therefore the founders always run after this to build new intakes. Second factor is moving of the capital of Islamic Egypt to northeast away from the Nile bank, where Amr Ibn Al-Ass builds El-Fustat in 641A.D close to the Nile, while El-Sakar 750A.D and El-Ktaa 876A.D were built northeast to El-Fustat away from the Nile. The location of Cairo expresses on this case obviously, when Al-Moaz Ledin-Allah came to Egypt in 971A.D he was disappointed the commander of his army Gohar El-Sakaly -founder of the Fatimid Cairo- because of this far location from the Nile - the lonely source of water. The citadel of Cairo is the farthest capital of Islamic Egypt, because of El-Mokatam Mountain, which located east to the Fatimid Cairo, that already far from the Nile, is the suitable location to build a citadel. Muslim rulers of Egypt acted to this by conducting water to these capitals using water wheels and aqueduct, add to storing fresh water in cisterns. Chronicles describe the efforts of those rulers, which maintain many of their building such as Nileometer 861A.D, ruins of Ahmed Ibn Tulun aqueduct and water wheel 876A.D, and Saladin aqueduct 1187A.D. Although all of these projects are important -in the time of building- but the most important Islamic water projects in Cairo is El-Ghoury intake tower 1508A.D, El-Naser Mohamed aqueduct 1340A.D, in addition to the water system of the citadel 1176A.D, which consists of 2 wells, 14 cisterns, and water tunnels, probably. The importance of the Nile creates a folklore celebration related to the flood, known as “Kasr El-Sad” or “Break the dame”, where the people, judges, princes, even Sultans themselves celebrate with this prominent annual event. Chronicles and maintain buildings input full information about water system of the Islamic capitals of Egypt for virtual reality to create a realistic output for tangible and intangible of the water system.


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Specialist Panel (A2)

Virtual Reality in Cultural Heritage Education: Underwater Archaeology Chairperson: TBC “Virtual Reality in Maritime Archaeology: Education, Preservation and Presentation” Professor Emad Khalil, Director, Alexandria center for maritime archaeology & underwater Cultural heritage, Faculty of Arts, Alexandria University “Cultural Heritage Education: How to employ INTERNET Infrastructure for the teaching of Cultural Heritage” Dr. Yasser Elshayeb, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University & member of the Technical office of the Director of Bibliotheca Alexandrina “3D Modelling of underwater archaeological sites: Marsa Bagoush Site” Mohamed Salamaa, Alexandria Center for Maritime Archaeology & Underwater Cultural Heritage, Faculty of Arts, Alexandria University “Virtual Reality in Cultural Heritage Education: Teleportation is Becoming a Reality” Professor Wael Akl, Dean, School of Engineering, Nile University in Egypt


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Virtual Reality in Maritime Archaeology: Education, Preservation and Presentation

Professor Emad Khalil Maritime Archaeology at the Alexandria University, Egypt.

Research in Maritime Archaeology in Egypt extends over two decades. Since the mid-nineties, several major sites of maritime nature were discovered either on land or underwater. However, almost none of those sites was presented to the public. Not only that, but several debatable issues concerning the preservation of those sites have risen since then. Moreover, from the educational point of view it became obvious that providing education to the large number of archaeology students in Egypt on aspects of maritime archaeology is quite problematic, particularly in the case of underwater sites which can only be seen by divers. Hence, the role of virtual reality became more evident in overcoming obstacles that are facing researchers and educators in the field of maritime archaeology. Accordingly, this paper will present some of the issues that are facing the field of maritime archaeology in Egypt and the role of virtual reality and digital modelling in that respect.

Cultural Heritage Education: How to employ INTERNET Infrastructure for the teaching of Cultural Heritage

Dr. Yasser ELSHAYEB Faculty of Engineering – Cairo University

Since, its start in the 1990’s the World Wide Web, alias “Internet” have been adopted and used by all of us. Its growth and diversity have incredibly affected our lives, and the way we behave. Using Internet in education and research came a bit later in time, when educators and students discovered the huge potential of this “tool” allowing for, for example, a worldwide search on a specific topic, or the availability and accessibility to published and referenced scientific articles


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and reports. Today, huge amount of information, maps, surveys, photos, videos, and reports on various Cultural and Natural Heritage sites are available on the Internet. Information and content varying from those generated by casual tourists to those reported by National and International authorities are also available on the internet. In today’s landscape of Cultural Heritage Education, it is easy to say that the usage and benefit of the tool and information available on the Internet is quite little, which could be attributed to ignorance, or the difference in mind set. The focus should be on “How?” and “What?” rather than “Where?” Educators and students of Cultural Heritage have a huge wealth of information that is available on the Internet, and should focus more on the tool to extract information and the added value of new tools, while probably focusing on the creation of new tools, rather than continuing the traditional style of education. 3D modeling of underwater archaeological sites: Marsa

Bagoush Site Mohamed Salamaa

Centre for Maritime Archaeology & Underwater Cultural Heritage Faculty of Arts - Alexandria University

The use of 3D modeling for documentation, presentation, and investigation of archaeological and cultural heritage field is becoming a global trend. Many archaeological projects around the world currently utilize these digital techniques as an effective tool that provides a wide range of information and different type of data formats which enhance the understanding and interpretation of archaeological remains. By using 3D photogrammetry technique, a systematically underwater survey had been conducted to record the archaeological remains in Marsa Bagoush underwater archaeological site by the Alexandria Centre for maritime archaeology & underwater cultural heritage – Faculty of Arts - Alexandria University. Marsa Bagoush is located 50 kilometers east of Marsa Matrouh. It is a well-protected natural anchorage which made it suitable for the use of ships in ancient times. In antiquity Marsa Bagoush


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was known as Zygris. It was mentioned by the geographer Potolemy Claudius (first century A.D) as one of the ports located east to Marsa Matrouh (Praetonium). They survey revealed the discovery of the remains of cargoes from ancient ships that date from the 2nde century BC to the 19th century AD.

Virtual Reality in Cultural Heritage Education: Teleportation is Becoming a Reality

Professor Wael Akl Nile University in Egypt

The immersive technology in virtual reality has taken huge leaps into maturity, applicability, cost and has become much closer to reality. Current research in the area of virtual reality is focusing on improving the audience experience and moving towards eliminating hardware accessories needed for optimum visualization. Being immersed in 3D stereoscopic scene introduces a new dimension for visualization and perception. It is a common mistake to limit the scope of virtual reality in the visual aspects only. It is and should be seen as a full package of information, part of which is the geometrical shape, but as important are the additional layers of information that are augmented onto the geometrical shape, shifting its academic and research value to new levels of comprehensiveness. A team from Egypt and EU have implemented this technology for realizing this fact for 9 Egyptian sites in Egypt using precise 3D scanning technology to provide the fundamental geometrical data for 3D stereoscopic visualization into a virtual campus, while augmenting the academic information layers on top. Students as well as instructors all-over the globe are now able to carry out lectures virtually onsite instead in the classroom. We have moved the site to the classroom in near-real immersive format rather than the other way around.


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Specialist Panel (B1)

“Green Heritage in Egypt: Challenges and Opportunities”, Organised by Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt

Chair: Ahmed Rashed, Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt

Adaptive Reuse: An Innovative Approach for Generating Sustainable Values for Historic Buildings in Developing Countries. Ayman Othman, British University in Egypt, Egypt

Smart Heritage Gehan Nagy & Deena El-Mahdy, British University in Egypt, Egypt

A review of Green Heritage assessment and benchmarking Walaa S E Ismaeel, British University in Egypt, Egypt

The application of Virtual Reality as an Interactive Tool in Heritage Sites Deena El-Mahdy, Virtual Heritage Cairo & British University in Egypt.

Green Heritage Meaning and Philosophies

Ahmed Rashed Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in Egypt

Heritage and environmental heritage either construction or architecture for the past time considered in forming experience, buildings, tales, and traditions beside the techniques influenced by communities produced different civilizations and successive that had reached us. All heritage and civilization that reached us considered as sustainable heritage while all that did not reach us, is the disappeared heritage that has a story could be said but could not be restored by its original image. However, it could be cloned with a new vision and a potential of innovation. Architecture known as the oldest and most important building sustainable proved for mankind is the Great Pyramid of Egypt; therefore Egypt has taken the pyramid as the title of a system of environmental assessment of


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buildings in Egypt. However the concept of the green heritage has been recently metaphorically known as a new concept. The concept of green heritage are a system parallel and integrated with green societies concepts of green building, green energy and green economy, as evidence for planning and enlightened to sustain and ensure awareness with the pursuit of efficiency and open diverse opportunities for future generations, without draining the capabilities and create the environment to accept what can be planned at all levels for a quantum leap for the quality of life for the collective conscience of all parties. Always taking is easy but what about the application and understanding there to be a culture commensurate with the ambitions and not be those slogans or calls for a seasonal fashion impact and payback. Keywords: Green Heritage, Chance, Change, Challenge Adaptive Reuse: An Innovative Approach for Generating Sustainable Values for Historic Buildings in Developing

Countries

Ayman A. E. Othman1 and Heba A. I. Elsaay2

Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering The British University in Egypt (BUE)

[email protected] [email protected]

Sustainable development has become a goal for all countries seeking a balance between social, environmental and economic needs. The principal vision of a sustainable built future is about utilising energy efficient design and materials. However, this vision should consider historic buildings that were built centuries ago. Although many of these buildings are standing in a stable state, they are obsolete and their values are not fully perceived and utilised. Towards revitalizing and generating sustainable values of these buildings, adaptive reuse is adopted as a process of modifying, adapting and reusing an obsolete building with its existing structures to extend its life cycle whist performing a new function. This is currently practiced worldwide, specifically when the building has a unique architectural character and still in a stable condition. The adaptive reuse of a historic building should have minimal impact on the heritage significance of the building and its setting. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of adaptive reuse as an innovative approach for


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generating sustainable values of historic buildings. To achieve this aim, a research strategy, based on literature review and cases studies, is designed to accomplish three objectives. Firstly, reviewing literature related to adaptive reuse, sustainable development, sustainable values and developing countries. Secondly, 2 case studies will represent the role of adaptive reuse towards increasing the value of these heritage buildings. Finally, outlining research conclusions and recommendations useful to processionals concerned with adaptive reuse. Keywords: Adaptive Reuse; Sustainable Values; Developing Countries.

Smart Heritage Conceptual Frame Work For Integrating Heritage Sites Within

Smart Cities Concept

Gehan Nagy and Deena El-Mahdy British University in Egypt, Architectural Engineering Department

The Era of smart technologies is leading the new concept of building Smart cities for the future, in which the relationship between contemporary reality and the historical city became a vital factor in the re-thinking of urban “smartness” through historical and artistic heritage within the virtual city of ICTs. .Such visions have raised the debate about smart life and the integration of technologies into the urban planning and existing Heritage. These discussions have developed new terms which coined the heritage and smart technologies such Smart Heritage. According to INTACH “The term ‘Smart Heritage’ was minted at 2014 at the International Biennial of Art and Heritage Management (AR&PA), such term was elaborated to argue the debates about Heritage acts within the global scenarios of smart cities. The concept of a technological Smart City is not only indicateone approach but includes a multiple layersand combinations of technological infrastructure that builds the concept of the smart city. That might include Digital, Virtual, Information, intelligent, information and Ubiquitous city ….. Etc This research objective is to explore the Smart concepts of dealing with cultural heritage on various levels such as Documentation, presentation, and dissemination. Aiming for producing strategic framework for the concept of smart heritage Keywords: Smart, smart cities, cultural heritage


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A review of Green Heritage assessment and benchmarking

Walaa S.E. Ismaeel British University in Egypt, Architectural Engineering Department

Egypt encompasses a very rich collection of heritage buildings and wonderful historic green spaces. Yet, many of those heavily deteriorated heritage buildings as well as degraded open spaces, need careful scenarios for sustainable interference and upgrading, taking into consideration environmental and socio-economic aspects. Therefore, it is considered challenging for practitioners and researchers to find an integrative approach to sustainable urban development especially due to its contextual peculiarity. Green Rating Systems are considered recent tools to promote sustainable development. They provide a mean for assessing and benchmarking sustainable projects. Yet, their use is still a wide open field of study in order to highlight its potentials on one hand and its gaps and limitations on the other hand. This study provides a review of various means for assessing and benchmarking green heritage recognizing current international trends; this includes recent green rating systems, and finally, it highlights the pros and cons of applying these principles to cultural heritage areas. The results show that existing green rating systems face challenges to consider the socio-cultural, economic and environmental roles played by cultural heritage areas. Each of them should be properly assessed and incorporated equally to achieve sustainable rehabilitation scenarios for these valuable yet degraded areas. Hence, this study presents means of contextualizing and integrating such tools together in order to develop multicriteria assessment method and a set of indicators tailored for cultural heritage landscape areas that may be the core for drawing up Egypt’s own criteria of sustainable urban development. This is part of an on-going research at the British University to develop green heritage assessment tool. Keywords: Cultural heritage areas; Green heritage; Green rating systems; Sustainable rehabilitation Panel 2: Past Forward: Digital Reality and the Realities of Digitizing History


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Copyright for Sustaining Heritage in The Digital Age

Ahmed Rashed Chair, Centre of Sustainability and Future Studies, British University in

Egypt Heritage is a broad concept that includes both natural and cultural environments where "something transferred from one generation to another". Within the built environment it is the part which possesses a special value to the user, and is therefore a major resource in the particular urban environment. In the cultural context, heritage describes both material and immaterial forms, e.g. artifacts, monuments, historical remains, buildings, architecture, philosophy, traditions, celebrations, historic events, distinctive ways of life, literature, folklore or education. Being mostly a property and a commodity, proprietary rights have to be well defined in order to maintain its survival and prosperity. The nature of these rights varies according to the different categories of heritage as well as the nature of ownership. If certain values are attached to a particular part of the heritage it becomes necessary to have a 'heritage tenure', i.e. a form of tenure which surmounts the proprietor protected in law. Many question marks arise here; what are these certain values? Who attaches these values to that particular part of the heritage? What kind of tenure-ship is the heritage tenure? Very often Cultural is the common word to describe these values and it is often that part of heritage which is popularly called heritage. The talk will present the resent National and International campaign for Egypt civilization rights for those commercial benefit from using our original and replica heritage.


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The Application of Virtual Reality as an Interactive Tool in Heritage Sites

Deena El-Mahdy

Assistant Lecturer at British University in Egypt.

Cultural heritage sites and museums are places that can be often visited on the Internet. Virtual tours allow accessing remote sites from home. However, these virtual tours are not replacing to visit the real sites. On the other hand, Egypt has always been known worldwide for its rich cultural heritage as a result of a 7000 years civilization. Experts in this field are thus challenged to find the missing amount of information of the damaged sites that have not existed anymore. However, problems facing our heritage buildings in Cairo extend far beyond saving or even restoring them. It means not only understanding the city as a dynamic process, but it extended to understand the social and culture layers of the people. Documenting our heritage before damaged or collapsed will preserve it from being lost. Thus the idea of documenting our heritage virtually and implementing a guided virtual visit that reflects its context would be able to make remotely the visitors all over the world access the benefit to these buildings and observing the different layers of our culture globally. To better understand the importance of virtual reality, this paper provides an analysis of some VR applications in the Middle East and the effects of using them on users. Keywords; Virtual Reality, Virtual Heritage, uses interaction, virtual tours, digital documentation.


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Specialist Panel (B2) 3

Virtual Heritage Cairo’s 1st International Conference (VHC 2017): “Sustaining Heritage in the Digital Age: Towards Virtual Environments for Middle East’s Cultural Heritage” Prof.Dr. Nevine Hamza: Green markets in the United Kingdom. Prof. Dr. Dalila Elkerdany: Conservation of Cairo historical markets. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sahar Imam: Historical Cairo Markets as catalysts in decaying areas of value. Dr. Aliaa AlSadaty: Sensitive Interventions in areas of value.

SUSTAINABLE GREEN MARKETS Regenerating the Socio-Cultural heritage and Economic Activities of

the Attaba Market, Cairo

In urban areas of value, the careful management and interventions that combine understanding of heritage value, appropriate technological innovation and collaborative processes of engagement with local disempowered communities, can be one of the most effective tools contributing to processes of social, cultural and economic regeneration. In Egypt, the fact that recent heritage tends to be neglected in favor of directing funds and efforts to the more ancient cultural and built heritage creates a situation of lost opportunities and valuable architectural heritage being left to ruin. One example of those lost opportunities is the 19th century markets. The introduction of markets in the major urban cities of Egypt, such as Cairo, Alexandria and Port Said, from the 1880s onwards, was part of a process of urban modernization. Sited at major roads and transportation intersections, these markets were presented to the public as covered large footprints with ordered and clean environments, specialty pavilions off a central corridor and away from the squalor of traditional bazaar ‘souqs’. The central location of these markets in Cairo, surrounded by


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larger retail areas of different markets, urban dwellers and schools, makes them potentially valuable for cultural activities and to act as venues for museum education outside the formal museums of Egypt. Historic markets represent physical tangible heritage buildings that also through their daily activities represent an intangible heritage that should be preserved. However, the novelty, cleanliness and hygiene of these markets is a thing of the past. These large covered market plots are predominantly used by urban squatters that provide their services of cut vegetables, cheap electronic goods, bakery and spices to the surrounding urban dwellers. Extensions on the original shop lines, both horizontally and vertically, creates a situation where it is difficult to manage risks of fire and difficulty in maintaining descent sanitation levels. Moreover, ongoing attempts to adapt the physical structure of such markets, or to build within them, have undermined the buildings’ architectural integrity and historic significance. Equally, attempts to redevelop these buildings should be very sensitive in order to avoid the risk of gentrification, marginalizing their current urban poor users and destroying their physical and cultural heritage value. Through taking the Attaba market as a case study, the panel aims at sharing a vision of extending the contemporary refurbishment of the markets into a wider societal role, working with its tangible and intangible values in order to act as a nucleus of culture and economy. The proposition is that this market presents a wider opportunity for informal education engaging with the intangible culture of local food flavours and an opportunity to enjoy cultural activities such as folklore music and handcrafts, and also to learn about renewable technologies in practice. Findings will feed into the final proposed regeneration action plans and the generation of the visual 3D and environmental model of the market. Moreover, the outcome of the panel can be used as a framework and an action plan which can be used to regenerate the 19th century markets with their current local users and stakeholders.


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ABSTRACTS


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Can Virtual Reality Save Alexandria’s Heritage?

Heba Hatem Alggour

Alexandria University, Faculty of fine arts, Architecture department One of the biggest problems facing Alexandria nowadays is the ongoing destruction of the historic buildings to accommodate the new high-rise residential buildings done by the construction mafia, with the aid of the landlords and the silence of the locals, to gain a considerable quantity of financial profits in a remarkably short period. This action began to happen years ago, however, emerged substantially as a phenomenon since the revolution of 2011. Through previous data collection and surveys, it was concluded that utmost of the residents doesn't have an adequate consciousness about the significance of these structures and the destruction actions happening to it. The museum used to act as a virtual reality of the destroyed heritage that assisted the inhabitants and the foreigners to recognize the advantages of the used to occur architecture and drove them to stand against Heritage devastation activities and advocate its survival. However nowadays a very low quantity of Egyptians visit museums, they depend more on social media to gain old or new information, but what if the media is not providing adequate materials that can improve the feel of belonging of the locals towards their heritage and recognize its importance. Here arises the role of virtual reality, where the research attempts to discuss its impact on raising the knowledge, enhancing the participatory heritage conservation process and its ability in encouraging the residents to save their heritage from destruction. The paper also aims to discuss the challenges facing virtual reality approach in developed countries like the high cost and the unavailability of a suitable amount of equipment, which cause difficulties in reaching this technique to many residents in Alexandria.


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Talent Management as a Novel Approach for Developing Innovative Solutions for Egyptian Heritage Communities

Development: A Literature Review

Mohamed H. M. Khalil1, Heba A. I. Elsaay2 and Ayman A. E. Othman3 Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering

The British University in Egypt (BUE) E-mail1: [email protected]

E-mail2: [email protected] E-mail3: [email protected]

Heritage communities in Egypt have continuous developments to sustain a history of 70 centuries. Developments focused on sustaining the physical form of heritage such as buildings and cities yet ignoring the intangible heritage such as stories, believes and traditions of people. The results are deterioration of the developed physical heritage as a natural response of ignorance. Architectural Design Firms (ADFs) are responsible for developing innovative solutions that translate intangible heritage into sustainable projects. Such solutions require talented architects who in need of being treated in talented manner. In this context, this paper aims to investigate the role of Talent Management (TM) as a novel approach for developing innovative solutions for Egyptian heritage communities’ development. In order to achieve this aim, a qualitative approach based on (1) literature review to investigate heritage development, creative industries, ADFs, motivation and TM and (2) a case study to cover the relation between intangible heritage and success of development will be presented and analysed to support the topic. The research work presented in this paper is novel in thoughts and has not been implemented before in the Egyptian construction literature. Keywords: Heritage Development, Creative Industries, Architectural Design Firms, Motivation, Talent Management.


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Meta Tourism: The Eight Levels of Virtual Heritage

Mohamed Nabil Arafa

Due to the Internet technology and Information development, the virtual tourism comes into reality. The 3D graphics technology offer a great opportunity to replicate the ancient worlds and civilizations. In another meaning, this 3D technology helps to live in the past at its best.

Virtual heritage plans normally focus on the tangible facts of cultural heritage associated with sites and objects, such as graphics and animation. On the other hand Virtual heritage projects should illustrate the intangible features of cultural heritage, such as stories, foods and dances. Both tangible and intangible facts are different but have to be combined by using serious heritage Applications/Games.

Those Games/Applications will give more understanding and protection to the sites and objects. Moreover, those Games/Applications will be the visitors' tool to visualize the old civilizations and become more excited about them. Additionally, archeology students can use these applications to learn more about the sites and the unpublished excavations.

In the 21st Century, Virtual Tourism/Heritage is an application of the Meta Tourism. Meta Tourism is the Most Effective Tactic Available for tourism to overcome the challenges and to manage the new technologies.

This paper presents the eight levels of virtual Heritage/Tourism and it aims to increase the number of the online visitors. The eight levels can be a new model for the Virtual Heritage/Tourism.


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Bridging Cyber-Physical Systems and Heritage Buildings:

From A Literature Review to An Integrated Conceptual Framework for Documentation of Cultural Heritage

Hebatallah E. Soliman1, Laila M. Khodeir2 1 Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

2 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, British University in Egypt

Architectural heritage reflects the evolution of human civilization throughout history, whereas civilized and social changes of heritage areas in many countries led to degradation. There are many interpretations in the development of heritage buildings and planning; however, there is deterioration in those areas as a result of non-specified framework for documentation of extant heritage buildings. Historical building conservation raises two important issues: the restoration and improvement of historic building features and adopting a framework of heritage buildings documentation. Conceptually, BIM (Building Information Modelling) is an integrative process for the design, representation, production, and long-term management of the built environment. However, employing the cyber-physical systems approach achieves more potential and benefit by integrating virtual models and physical construction, enabling bidirectional coordination. This will serve as a digital archive to help in conserving the extant heritage buildings and to test future development proposals within the context of these historic buildings and plans. The present study contributes to the body of knowledge by proposing a cyber-physical systems (CPS) approach to innovatively integrate building information modelling (BIM) and physical construction. The aim of this paper is to develop an approach representing a framework for documenting extant heritage buildings by applying an adaptive cyber-physical system.


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The paper presents a review of the BIM use in the field of cultural heritage, reporting the existing BIM platforms and analyzing cyber-physical systems integration in extant heritage buildings. Results of this paper are implementation and analysis of an integrated framework for cultural heritage documentation by applying an adaptive cyber-physical system for heritage building. Keywords: Cyber-Physical Systems, Heritage Buildings, Documentation, Conceptual Framework


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Towards the establishment of a center of excellence for the virtual reality of Egypt’s tangible heritage

Dr. Osama El Nahas

In the framework of the suggested development plan for Egypt’s tangible heritage, the creation of a center of excellence for the virtual reality of Egypt’s tangible heritage is an essential component of this plan. The diversity of this cultural heritage, especially the archaeological sites, the museums, and the architectural heritage, suffer a lot from the deliberate and/or undeliberate destruction leading to a total disappearance from the world heritage map. The establishment of such a center for this heritage may help in the protection, preservation, and documentation of this heritage through the creation of a series of virtual reality sites and museums of all the threatened and endangered sites. The project aims at expanding the benefit of the most recent innovative techniques and applications of virtual reality, which will be positively reflected on cultural heritage. To achieve this goal, the center will constitute different units and use different methodologies and techniques, such as photogrammetry, virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality. An applicable action plan will be setup for the center to produce a series of prototypes of virtual reality for the different types of tangible heritage.


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Creating a series of Virtual Museums for the underwater archaeological sites in Egypt

Dr. Osama El Nahas During the last two decades Egypt witnessed a series of successful underwater archaeological excavations under its different water bodies; leading to the discovery of tens of underwater and coastal archaeological sites. One of the major problems of these sites is that they are inaccessible to the public. Thanks to scuba diving that gives the divers the ability and accessibility to visit the sites and explore the advancements and the development of the maritime history of Egypt; whereas, the majority of the public is absent from the scene. This project aims at creating a series of virtual museums for the underwater distinguished sites in Egypt, in order to document, preserve, protect and display these sites through a web portal and/ or in situ virtual museums. Thus, providing the public with a unique opportunity to have a full access to these underwater sites. Consequently, it will be the most efficient and attractive tool leading to the success of the site management plan. Different methodologies and techniques will be applied to achieve the goal of the project; such as virtual and augmented reality techniques. Using photogrammetry is the crucial tool in creating an accurate 3D models, which will be the corner stone in creating the series of underwater virtual museums.


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INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND OPERATIVE METHODOLOGIES FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE

CONSERVATION: A CRITICAL EVALUATION

Antonella VERSACI University of Enna “KORE”, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,

Enna, Italy E-mail: [email protected]

Alessio CARDACI

University of Bergamo, Department of Engineering, Bergamo, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]

Today, the preservation of historical and architectural buildings must conform to an interdisciplinary approach to the problems, according to which scholars and specialists from different sectors simultaneously and synergistically study the issue. Professionals who, abandoned the traditional segregation between the skills of the architect, the engineer and the other depositaries of specific knowledge, contribute, in a spirit of intellectual affinity and scientific collaboration, to achieve a shared goal: the safeguarding of built heritage. In particular, for the assessment of the conservation status of an ancient building and/or monumental complex, it is necessary to acquire and convey in a single integrated and accessible system, a considerable amount of data of different nature: historical-artistic, metric-geometrical, physicochemical, technical, structural, environmental, and so on, obtained from the application of varied instruments and techniques. “The common denominator needs to be that of the establishment of an attitude of great attention to the reality of the monument” : only, in fact, by considering the good investigated in all its concreteness - not as an actor, but as the main character and inspiration of a process aimed at the protection and enhancement - it will be possible to design and implement respectful and sustainable interventions. In this context of great methodological and operational wealth, architectural survey plays a crucial and decisive role. The knowledge


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process finds, in fact, in the graphical rendering the highest aspect of the memory reconstructed on the basis of documentary and archival research and of the visual recognition, and, in the measurement process, the discernment of the planning logics in the transformations that over time have interested the built. In this program, the opportunities offered by scientific and technological process - handled according to the most rigorous integrated approach - may prove decisive. They can help to reveal, in an even more eloquent way, the traces of the past and facilitate the comprehension, the accessibility, and sharing of a heritage that is “a manifestation of a reality consisting in concrete and diversified facts, distributed in time, space and matter”. However, the role of new 3D surveying techniques should not be regarded as a singular and exclusive means for cultural goods understanding. In reality, it would not be appropriate to disregard a simultaneous and concrete relationship with the existing; an essential attitude which can discover a source of great enrichment - especially in terms of speed and accuracy - in the assistance of active optical instruments without, however, ever be limited by any and/or unnecessary engineering forcing. The only effective way to use these technologies is, therefore, that of well knowing their limitations and possibilities of application and, almost always, to provide a combined use with other traditional methods. Established on a theoretical and operational collective work, the activities that this paper intends to summarize want to highlight strengths and weaknesses of innovative 3D techniques employed within the Architectural Heritage conservation process.


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Sustainability of Heritage Waterfront Buildings in Suez Canal Cities

Mahmoud Fouad El-Bwab1, Ahmed M. Saleh2, Faysal M. Abo-Elazm3, Shimaa M. Ali 4

Department of Architecture & Urban Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University,Ismailia, Egypt

1 Prof. of Regional and Urban Planning 2 Assi. Prof. of Architecture and Urban Design

3 Assi. Prof. of Architecture Engineering 4 Assi. Prof. of Architecture and Urban Planning

The existing architectural and urban structure heritage is the physical evidence on the humanitarian though and culture, which dominated the community in a place and era. And it decreases rapidly that makes us in front of the task to maintain what is left and to preserve what is left from nation’s memory. Heritage buildings give the city a special a character which grown the passion of belonging to its inhabitants, elevated sense and intellectual and sensitive aesthetics preference and the humanity behavior of the society. The heritage urban structural environment has been devised with the scope of waterfront for the cities of the Suez Canal (Port Said – Ismailia- Suez) since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 with distinctive features due to the unique location and the western cultural diversity. In spite of the increasing growing towards the international attention about preserving the architectural and urban heritage of the cities, the heritage areas and buildings of the Suez Canal’s cities hasn’t received the required amount of academic studies. The attention about the heritage of the Suez Canal Cities within the strategic plans for urban development leads to improve the situation there. The research problem is getting clear from the lack of access to waterfronts range for the multiple human activities; the social, urban, economic return is more less than its aesthetic and spatial return; the increasing demolition of villas, and buildings with unique historical old


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architecture and urban pattern; and the decreasing of green areas and the deterioration of the especial urban fabric in the Suez Canal Cities. So, the research is aiming to propose Methodological Strategic for Sustainable Urban Development to achieve the best use of the Historical Heritage potentials in the waterfront range in the Suez Canal Cities, to recognize a competitive advantage for these cities, which can be used in untraditional investment; with taking in consideration the clear contrast in the local solutions of the environmental and urban problems for these ranges from a city to another; and determining group of approaches which can be used to achieve the best conserving way for these Heritage buildings in the Suez Canal Cities, and to achieve the sustainable development for the city, with the best use of the urban open spaces for the human activities. The expected research results are achieving and documenting the Culture Heritage of Waterfront Ranges in the Suez Canal Cities “Port Sais-Ismailia-Suez”, using advanced technological means. Keywords: Suez Canal Cities, Heritage, Waterfront, Sustainability, and Urban Development.


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Al Sultan Hassan Mosque and Madrassa [Interactive Virtual Environment platform for On-line Exploration]

Omar Mohamed ElHosieny, Mona Rezk Gad ElSayed, Aliaa Adel Aly, Doaa Khaled Abd ElSamad, Miar Mohamed Abd Allah, Fatema Attia

Mohammed This study is a part of Virtual Heritage Cairo Project to Create an Interactive Virtual Environment platform for On-line Exploration of Sultan Hassan Mosque and Madrasa. So when talking about virtual environment in Heritage we should focus on two important goals we should design a virtual reality application for: The architectural heritage education used to be theoretical and depends on photos and books, as students can't visit all heritage sites. So we should have a new way to explore these sites and know more about it .For example if the students studying about Greece Architecture, they may have the opportunity to explore a historic building or era in time such as Ancient Greece. They will be able to walk around a Greek city, e.g. Athens, and explore various aspects, often by using touch via the data glove. This is a great way of learning about day to day life in Ancient Greece which brings it to life in a way that books or online media are unable to, that what called education by immersion. Students can touch and manipulate objects within a virtual environment in order to generate a greater understanding of them. But this doesn’t only apply to objects; students are able to interact with data sets, complex formula and abstract concepts that they may have previously found inaccessible. For some students, learning by doing is easier than learning by listening. Tourism has had recent setbacks but is recognized as having considerable potential for growth, globally and nationally. So providing an increasingly improved product to offer tourists is one essential requirement for areas that want to benefit from such growth. Egypt's culture and history are significant parts of its attractiveness and they are important aspects for areas that already benefit from tourism or want to benefit more. Also Egypt is widely recognized as having the potential to attract many more. To achieve that


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potential, it needs to provide people with more reasons to stop and it needs to guide visitors around to the excellent variety of attractions that already exist. There is a need to new attractive way that help tourists exploring Heritage sites and encourage them to visit it , by displaying three dimensional (3D) models of objects, buildings and sites so that one can visualize these models from any angle by rotating them on the computer screen . This visualization is improving the ‘virtual visit’ of a site, of heritage buildings and of objects surrounding them. This improvement has introduced the term ‘virtual tourism’ thus providing new tools for heritage site interpretation and presentation, and for sustainable tourism. Virtual tourism will help tourists, students and researchers to explore Egypt's Heritage sites and provide them with information in an interesting and exciting way. Finally, our team is designing an application to help users to have a virtual visit of Al Sultan Hassan Mosque & Madrasa, Also they will get all the information they need to know about the place. Our application will be an entertainment educational application for academic Students and researchers, and will play an important role in developing the academic Egyptian education system especially in the heritage subjects. Also it will encourage the tourism by telling a true stories and providing accurate information about Egyptian heritage while playing an interesting game which will make tourists eager to visit this great place.


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Phygital Heritage: an Approach for Heritage Communication

Eslam Nofal1,2

, Rabee M. Reffat2, and Andrew Vande Moere

1

1

Research[x]Design, Department of Architecture, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 1, 3001 Leuven, Belgium

{eslam.nofal,andrew.vandemoere}@kuleuven.be 2

Department of Architecture, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt [email protected]

Physical heritage objects and assets are related to a vast amount of digital information of different kinds, which are challenging to be communicated to visitors in understandable and engaging ways. Yet recent technological advances promise new opportunities to more tightly merge the digital with the physical world. This paper therefore introduces the concept of “phygital heritage”, the integration of digital technology ‘into’ physical reality, as a potential medium for more enriched and playful communication of heritage values and qualities. We propose that phygital heritage should enable the exploitation of typical advantages of both digital and physical reality, and that distinct categories of phygital can be recognized based on: 1) the level of physical affordance; and 2) in how far the technology is integrated into the physical reality. The paper also opens the discussion about the potential challenges and concerns which future explorations, scientific research and real-world applications of phygital heritage probably will encounter.

Keywords: phygital, heritage, communication, physical affordance, situatedness, tangible interaction, digital heritage, physicalization, visualization.


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Sustainability and Energy consumption of Historic Buildings using Virtual reality

Mona Rezk Gad

Omar Mohamed Elhosieny Sustainability is an old attitude of historic cities and buildings, so studying the design concepts and the environmental passive techniques and its effect on thermal comfort and Energy consumption of Historic buildings is useful for Architecture students to learn about sustainability by Using the energy simulation tools to show the total performance of these buildings. Current trends in energy consumption and greenhouse emissions into the environment make energy problems in cities take special importance. In this line, the preservation of the architectural heritage should consider energy efficiency solutions in their restoration and maintenance. A new methodology should be established where by all special variables that characterize these historic buildings are weighted: climate, use of the building, heritage values, cultural and historical values, architectonical design, envelopes, and boundary conditions. Simulation programs allow the energy analysis of a building design over a period of time as well as the prediction of its future behavior. A simulation model is an abstract representation of a real system characterized by a set of mathematical equations that allows evaluating many aspects of the building performance, Like Energy patterns throughout the year, indoor comfort sensation, energy balances and influence of each element to external fluctuations. Its results are 2D Graphs and numbers represents the performance of the building. But in a world of innovation, we found that we can use another way to visualize these data given by the tools by using virtual reality technology. Virtual reality will help in studying the historic building from history, design, thermal performance and energy efficiency over the past decades in an interesting way, by visualizing all these data in a 3D virtual model of the building where we can explore the building zones' environmental data


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like zone temperature, ventilation rate and energy consumption represented by colors where we can walk through to see the results, read information and interact with the virtual surroundings. That will help also in preservation of the historic buildings and help in its adaptation with climate change.


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Photogrammetry + GIS And the modern methods of archaeological documentation

Mohamed E. Osman - Berlin As every archaeologist knows, documentation of excavations or survey projects is one of the most essential aspect of the archaeological work in the field. Since the beginnings of the archaeological work in Egyptology, the methods of archaeological documentation witnessed several stages of development and improvement. However, Egyptology somehow is relatively behind, adapting the new methods of documentation in full scale, comparing with other archaeologies such as European archaeology and prehistory archaeology. The technique of using a geo-referenced orthophoto of a burial, in order to illustrate the details of the skeleton and the other inclusions of the grave, was an impressive development in the development in the osteological documentation field. Which have adapted probably from the older cartographic methods, which have been used on much larger scale, drawing topographic maps from geo-rectified aerial photos 1 . This method guaranteed a high level of precision and shorter time do documentation in the field. The idea were never been adapted on larger scale, to document whole excavation trenches or specific landscapes. Nevertheless, there were some individual attempts to develop documentation methods depending on top-view photos and georeferenced these photos in a photo mosaic, using GIS or other CAD programs. And the obstacles in the way of this methodology was: 1- The lack of photography equipment, back then, which can produce a vertical view photos of large scale areas. So there were always a vertical perspective distortion in the photos, which can always be corrected, but within limits. 2- The non-avoidable occurrence of perspective view angles of the features which have considerable depth, which doesn’t comply with the actual plan of the features if it was illustrated in the site manually. 3- The absence of a systematic verification methodology, the thing that made most of the Egyptologist prefer the manual methods, which allow


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them to verify and add some kind of interpretation in their drawings in the site. Now, after the occurrence of several photography new equipment and methods, besides the development of Photogrammetry technology, it is possible to use the developing technology of photogrammetry with all the abilities of producing 3D models of almost any surface (including landscape), and the ability of reconstruct precise elevation models (DEM), and geo-rectified orthophotos, which have almost no distortion. Integrating the produced data into GIS system in order to use the advantages of spatial analysis and geo-databases. This methodology consist also of a verification steps, which can guarantee the precision of data and illustrations. The first advantages of this new and developing methodology is the precision, as a good photogrammetry model would not have more than a fraction of a millimetre within a model covers roughly 10X10 meters. This precision range depends on several factors, which can be mentioned in the lecture. Most of these factors can be controlled in the field. It is worth to mention that photogrammetry technology is developing from day to another, and getting more available and user friendly. The send advantage would be the significant amount of time which can be saved by using this new method. As everybody knows, time is never by the archaeologist side in the field. Weather they are digging or surveying. Moreover, for many archaeological projects, time is money. And minimizing documentation time means more work to be done during the season. Also the advantage of time saving occurs clearly in salvation projects. The third advantage of using photogrammetry combined with GIS technology is the ability of reconstruct the heritage sites within one complementary frame, which can provide all kinds of physical data, and also chronological sequences. In this paper, I would like to introduce this method of documentation to the Egyptological and Egyptian cultural heritage societies. Hoping that it can be useful step in the way of developing means of documentation of our heritage. If "A picture is worth a thousand words", it is not hard to think about an enhanced image which contains several sets of data behind it as an


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improved way of documentation of heritage and archaeological work processes.


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Methods for Digital Photographic Presentation, 3D Photogrammetry and VR Techniques for Digital Heritage

and Artifacts Recording.

Tarek Galal Abdelhamid This paper will examine the current techniques available for recording of heritage sites and archaeological artifacts using photographic techniques for generation of 3D models and interactive tours and generation of 2D and 3D models to create interactive virtual tours and using VR techniques. The paper will review the available hardware and software, the different workflows, processes, software, types of digital cameras, phone cameras (iphone and Samsung) and specialized video cameras for 3D videos and other tools available for those interested in recording digital heritage. Future and expected trends will also be discussed.


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Architectural preserving As a Tool for Detecting the Identity of Historical Cities

Analysis of the Recent Techniques for Selected International Samples

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sabeeh Lafta Farhan1, Asst. Prof. Dr.Abbas Ali Hamza2,

Asst. Prof. Dr. Dhyaa Shaheed Sabr Al-Azzawi3

1Engineering College, Wasit University, Email: [email protected] 2Architectural Department, university of Technology,

Email:[email protected] 3Computer & Information Technology College, Wasit University, Email:

[email protected]

Our research focuses at the current procedures for preserving architecture of historical cities, which it is important for identity the detection of historical cities centers, and this is the main problem of our paper, thus the aim of this paper is to study and discover the contemporary procedures and recent techniques for sustaining the historical constructions which are used for identity detection of historical cities centers. We supposed that the succeed of historical and heritage sustaining constructions depend on its capability of satisfying the currently and future social requirements, and keeping the equilibrium of system design and its values within cultured scene, and forcing its capability to the environmental and economic succeed by the exploitation of the construction functionally. In our paper, we depend on description and analysis of the problem, including the establishing the theoretical knowledge about historical constructions and preventive preservation (extracting the important variables and indicators for each one and comparing it with selected samples from Iraq such as, Holy Karbala city, USA, and UK), the important result was the single constructions in addition of its important in manipulating of its components (external and internal) but because of its


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singular block behavior it would provide the variables capabilities for treating with it. The most important one of singular constructions are the historical building and historical palaces which staid in its place in spite of the variation that happened on it. Thus, we commend to exploit and study the important international experiments to increase the understanding of correct approaches for manipulating the historical and heritage constructions and sustaining it, and that would happened by cooperating with international organizations by providing international experts in introducing the best facilities for requalifying it, that are satisfied with the nature, type and style of special heritage contractions and the heritage architectural in formal cities center in global view. Key Words: Architectural preserving, Holy Karbala, Recent Techniques, Heritage and Historical Cities.


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Cultural Heritage Management: Achieving Stakeholders' Engagement in the Digital Age A Literature Review

Laila M. Khodeir

Associate Professor,Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Cultural heritage represents the value people have given to items and places through their association with those items and places. It belongs as much in the present as it does in the past, moreover, it evolves and changes along with societal changes. Management processes of cultural heritage often starts with assessment of heritage significance, which provide vital role in prioritization of heritage, followed by setting a project management plan. Although management of heritage is a crucial process, it may also represent a threat in terms of the degradation of heritage and thus depriving community of its resources. In order to minimize these threats, there is a need for a bidirectional communication and engagement among the various stakeholders involved. Where the role of stakeholders' engagement is continued either in decisions like assessing significance, or in developing more effective conservation outcomes. Nowadays the role of available processes related to digital age became apparent. Where processes like big data, Heritage building information modelling (HBIM), and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), could enhance the engagement of stakeholder's engagement. Thus the aim of this study is to investigate the role of the digital age emerging processes in enhancing the stakeholder's engagement in decision making related to heritage management. This paper reviews extant literature that discusses the topics related to management of cultural heritage, stakeholders' engagement, and available digital processes .Findings of this paper show that a common ground between different stakeholders can be achieved and enhanced through the adoption of digital age processes, which could be developed in a way that preserves resources of local community and to form mutually beneficial alliance that are both


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economically beneficial and socially acceptable to local inhabitants and all other parties. Heritage Education for the Children Mummification work

shop approaches

Shreen M. Amin1, Rania El-Atfy2* *Egyptian museum, Cairo.

[email protected] [email protected]

Heritage is the value embodied in objects of the past that enable you to understand who you are? And if you know who you are, you will be able to understand the power of Heritage. Heritage is the only key to the lives of past generations to whom we are related. Understanding the definition and scope of heritage enable us to identify our deep roots, understand our current days and be hopeful about the future. . The definition and the scope of heritage have broadened. Since the Venice Charter 1964 , the definition and scope of heritage broadened from physical heritage such as historic monuments and buildings to groups of buildings, historic urban and rural centers, historic gardens and to non-physical heritage including environments, social factors and, lately, intangible values(Venice Charter 1964). The purpose of the paper is to present one important topic which is how to engage the children with both tangible and intangible heritage of ancient Egypt by analyzing one of the Educational workshops presented at the Egyptian museum. The workshop presents the topic of mummification which is not an easy topic to be delivering especially to the children. All educational approaches of this workshop will be presented in more details including all the educational tools used and scientific approaches that identify the Mummification as one types of preservation of the dead that was most notably practiced by the Ancient Egyptians. During the Old Kingdom (2750 – 2250 B.C.). This long process of embalming the dead was an extravagance reserved for pharaohs. Though unintentional mummification, owed mostly to Egypt’s arid and sandy climate, occurred as far back as prehistoric times, it


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wasn’t until around 2600 B.C. when the Egyptians began to practice mummification as a purposeful and ritualistic process. The Egyptians practiced and perfected mummification for nearly 2,000 years, continuing the process well into the Roman period of their history. As time progressed, the process became more streamlined, and eventually less expensive. This unique program enables the participants of the children to identify the different kinds of materials by touching and smell the components. The objective of this paper is to clarify all the approaches used to deliver the concept in more details as a way to identify these kinds of programs that are concerned with heritage education especially for young age.


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Spatial Codification: Digitally Preserve Heritage of Historical

El-Darb El-Ahmar Using VR Simulation Technology

Khalid Saeed Historically urban patterns of Islamic Cairo have been linked to ornamental forms and have evolved generating variations of activities over the last centuries. Al-Moe’ez Street currently represents a live panorama of interlace between different urban patterns and layers of heritage, which many of the public consider it a unique experience among other artifacts located within the same historical zone. But we can say that Al-Moe’ez street had this unique ambiance due to many social, functional and spatial aspects and layers the interlaced and evolved it into its current structure. This paper questions the ability of cloning the same experience of Al-Moe’ez Street delivering it through VR Technology. With El-Darb El-Ahmer alleys as a case study, the researcher seeks simulating the historical ambiance of these alleys, with inspirations from old paintings of Islamic Cairo, as well as the above example. During the last decade, 3D Game Engines have developed many techniques and features improved its capabilities of simulation through both 3D modeling and coding techniques. Unity 3D is one of the leading game engines in the last five years that involves VR Technology connection. The final thesis aims to present a full detailed approach of 3D Simulation of El-Darb El-Ahmer historical alleys, preceded by spatial analysis of these alleys in order to fully understand its unique inherited soul, and blur these results into a live VR Simulation represents the alley soul in the same way of Al-Moe’ez Street.

Crowd- sourcing Heritage Documentation Model: Rescuing Urban Heritage of Cairo and Alexandria


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Mohammed Raafat1, Maha ElGewely2, Ahmed Fayed3, Sara Kessba4 Architecture and Urban Design Program, GUC

1Instructor, [email protected] 2Instructor, [email protected]

3TA, [email protected] 4TA, [email protected]

Referencing to the rapid morphology of the built environment of Egypt, along the past 5 years, due to lack of public awareness and flux of building dismissal, a need for a mass documentation for the urban heritage of today and the urban heritage of the future comes to be crucial. This paper proposes an application for the purpose of Crowd-Sourcing Urban heritage documentation, a model that empowers people to write their city history by using their mobile–based VR technology. The potential application will support capturing virtual 360 tours of nearby surroundings and valuable buildings, as well as mapping their locations through using GPS technology. Following the crowd-sourcing concept, this model will target everyone (i.e. experts and non-experts), triggering his/her to participate in documenting daily observations about urban context to contribute in raising public attentiveness and taking positive actions towards violations against Heritage. The research will be developed through a three phase marketing strategy; educational, civic and institutional communities respectively. Keywords Crowd-Sourcing, Mobile-based Virtual Reality, GPS mapping, Urban Heritage Documentation.


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Challenges And Opportunities Of Delivering Green Buildings Towards Sustaining The Development Of

Heritage Communities

Salma. H. Nassar1, Heba A. I. Elsaay2 and Ayman A. E. Othman3 Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering

The British University in Egypt (BUE) E-mail1: [email protected]

E-mail2: [email protected] E-mail3: [email protected]

Historical places are unique, diverse and make up our world’s heritage. World Heritage sites belong to all the peoples of the world, irrespective of the territory on which they are located. Because of their outstanding value to humanity, the UNESCO plays a significant role towards identifying, protecting and preserving cultural and natural heritage around the globe. However, lack of development of communities surrounding the heritage sites deteriorates the building materials and structure of monuments, destruct and replaces of historic urban fabrics and threatens the effects of planning, to name a few. National and international attempts of developing heritage communities must take into account the wellbeing of both the heritage site and the people living within the community. This will help eliminating the negative effects of deterioration and environmental impacts on the heritage site. Accordingly, sustainable development of heritage communities is imperative. This requires the development of green buildings, within heritage sites, that meet the social, economic and environmental needs of the community. Unfortunately, obstacles continue to exist in the path of green buildings. In line with Egypt’s Vision 2030, this research aims to investigate the opportunities and challenges of delivering green buildings as an approach for sustaining the development of heritage communities. To achieve this aim, a qualitative research strategy, consisted of literature review and case studies, was adopted to investigate the research topic including green buildings, heritage communities and barriers preventing the development of green buildings.


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Findings of this research can assist governmental authorities, policy makers and practitioners in establishing the strategies, enforcing the rules and developing innovative solutions that overcome the challenges of developing green buildings as an approach for sustaining the development of heritage communities. Keywords: Heritage Communities. Sustainable Development, Green Buildings, Challenges and Opportunities.


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Documentation of Islamic Archaeology History, Methods used Inspirations of Development

Osama Mokhtar Elksabany .

Ministry of antiquities, Information Center, Islamic monuments sector Islamic monuments in Cairo witnessed different kinds of documentation in different periods and through the writings and drawings of travelers and historians who have seen the city in different times, or through the historical documents which described every building and explains its components. But documentation takes a scientific and systematic beginning of French campaign on Egypt and their Interests in the architecture of the medieval Cairo, in 1882 the committee of conservation of Arabic monuments started its work on documentation and restoration The rest of the city of Cairo monuments and published their works on what is known as Arabic monuments Conservation Committee archives. And over time that there are special departments manage a documentation task known as the scientific centers of Islamic Antiquities sector Registration center , research center and Information center , its mission is architectural documentation and historical researches and linked on the information network of supreme council of antiquities. And certainly there are aspirations towards developing methods used in those centers and use more precise efficient methods such as laser scanner and virtual reality technology. Keywords: Islamic Archaeology, Cairo , Documentation, Virtual reality.


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Sponsored by

ARTS AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH COUNCIL (AHRC) Grant Ref: AH/N009347/1

In association with


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Copyright, Virtual Heritage Cairo, 2017 www.virtualheritagecairo.com

Publisher: National Research Insitute of Astronomy and Geophysics & Nottingham Trent University Cover Photo: By:Deena El-Mahdy – At El Gourna By Hassan Fathy

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